Incazelo nezici
I-Quokka noma i-Settonix ngumuthi odla imifino womndeni we-kangaroo. Ngaphandle kokufana kwama-kangaroo, ama-quokkas ngaphandle afana kakhulu nama-otter emfula ngenxa yomsila wawo omfishane, oqondile. Ngokungafani namanye amalungu omndeni wama-kangaroo (ama-kangaroo, i-wallaby, i-philander, i-wallaru, amagundane ama-kangaroo), i-quokka ayikwazi ukuthembela noma ukuvikela emsileni wayo omfushane.
Usayizi wesilwane mncane: umzimba nenhloko zingama-47-50 cm ubude, isisindo sisuka ku-2 kuye ku-5 kg, umsila omfushane kuze kufike kuma-cm 35. Amantshontsho azalwa enqunu, kodwa-ke embozwe ngoboya obukhulu obukhulu obunsundu. Izindlebe eziyindilinga, ezibekwe eduze ziqhamuka ngoboya, zinikeze isilwane ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu. Amehlo enkinobho encane atholakala eduze kwebhuloho lekhala.
Imilenze yangaphambili imifushane futhi ibuthakathaka, ukwakheka kwesandla kuyefana nokwomuntu, ngenxa yalokho isilwane sithatha ukudla ngeminwe yaso. Imilenze yangemuva enamandla inika amandla i-quokka ukusheshisa ize ifike ku-50 km / h, futhi imicu yama-Achilles enwebeka isebenza njengemithombo. Isilwane sikhuphuka phezulu, sigxume ngaphezu kokuphakama kwaso izikhathi eziningana.
Ihamba ngokuhlekisayo, incike emilenzeni efinyeziwe ngaphambili futhi ngasikhathi sinye ibeka zombili izinyawo zangemuva. Isici esihlukile se-quokka esenze lesi silwane sathandwa emhlabeni wonke yikhono lokumamatheka. Eqinisweni, lokhu akuyona ukumamatheka, kodwa ukuphumula kwemisipha yobuso ngemuva kokuhlafuna ukudla.
ISettonix iyakhazimula. Ngaphandle kwamazinyo angama-32, ayinazinyo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuluma amaqabunga neziqu ngenxa yamandla emisipha. Ngemuva kokuhlafuna uhlaza, imisipha iyakhululeka, futhi ukumamatheka okukhazimula kakhulu emhlabeni kuvela ebusweni besilwane. Umenza abe mnandi ngendlela eyisimanga futhi amukele kahle.
I-Quokka, isilwane esingajwayelekile kakhulu esinezimo zokongiwa e-Australia
Izinhlobo
Isilwane se-Quokka ehlukile: ukuphela kwelungu lomndeni we-kangaroo, uhlobo lwe-Setonix. Isihlobo esiseduze kakhulu i-wallaby, noma i-kangaroo emifushane, ephakathi nendawo phakathi kwezilwane ezikhanyayo nezingezona ezokukhanyisela. Isiqhingi iRottnest, esisendaweni eyi-18 km ukusuka ogwini olusentshonalanga ye-Australia, sibizwa ngamaQuokkas.
Amatilosi angamaDashi afika kulesi siqhingi ngekhulu le-18 abona inqwaba yezilwane ezingabonakali lapho, ezazifana nokwakheka komzimba nomsila wamagundane ajwayelekile. Ngakho igama lesiqhingi lalungiswa - iRottnest, okusho ngesiDashi ukuthi "isidleke segundane".
MAYELANAumfowethu wempilo nendawo yokuhlala
Isilwane sakwokka isilwane asikwazi ukuzivikela ngokuphelele. Ayinawo umsila onamandla, ongalwa nawo, noma amazinyo abukhali, noma uzipho. IHabitat - amahlathi ahlala njalo asogwini eucalyptus amahlathi aseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Australia naseziqhingini ezisentshonalanga yezwekazi. Isilwane asikubekezeleli ukushisa kahle, emini sibheka izindawo ezinomthunzi lapho ungalala khona bese ulala kancane.
Ngesikhathi esomile, ihambela emaxhaphozini, lapho kukhula khona uhlaza olumnandi. AmaQuokka ahlala emindenini ephethwe owesilisa ovelele. Ulawula izindawo zokukhosela lapho umhlambi ucashe khona elangeni lasemini. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusindeni kunokudla, ngoba ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungabulala.
AmaQuokka anobungane futhi awanalo ulaka. Ezinye izilwane zidlula ngokukhululekile ezindaweni zazo ukuchelela noma ukufuna amadlelo, abanikazi bazo ngeke bahlele ukungqubuzana. Ngeshwa, ukuhlala emadolobheni, izimpungushe nezinja okwethulwe e-Australia, ukugeleza kwamaxhaphozi kuholela ekunciphiseni kwendawo yokuhlala yaseSettonix.
Akazi ukuthi angazivikela kanjani, futhi ngaphandle kotshani obude akakwazi ukunyakaza eyofuna ukudla. Isilwane sizwa sikhululekile futhi sikhululekile kuphela eziqhingini ezingahlali muntu, isibonelo, iRottneste noma iBalda. Isiqhingi iRottnest siyikhaya labantu abaphakathi kuka-8,000 no-12,000. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwehlathi, azikho izidalwa ezisongela impilo yama-quokka, ngaphandle kwezinyoka.
Yonke indawo yaseRottnest inikezelwe endaweni yokulondolozwa kwemvelo, enakekelwa ngabasebenzi abangama-600-1000. Ezwenikazi i-Australia, akukho abantu abedlula i-4,000 abahlala, behlukaniswe imindeni yezilwane ezingama-50. Ezinye iziqhingi zihlala ezilwaneni ezingama-700-800. Indawo nezindlela zokuphila ezinqunyiwe uhlamvu lwe-quokka... Izilwane zithembela kakhulu, azesabi abantu, eziqiwini zixhumana kalula futhi zixhumane.
UQuokka akasona isilwane esinolaka, ngakho kunzima kuye ukuzimela
Azinawo ama-incisors no-canines abukhali, ngeke bakwazi ukulimaza umuntu, yize bekwazi ukuluma. Uma kunengozi, lesi silwane sishaya kakhulu phansi ngezidladla zaso zangaphambili, ezibukeka zihlekisa futhi zihle ohlangothini. Izilwane zivame ukuba yizisulu zezimpungushe, izinja nezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye. Ukuze kulondolozwe inani lalezi zinhlobo, ama-quokkas abhalwe kuRed Book of Australia.
Ngokumlimaza, ubhekene nenhlawulo enzima ngisho nesigwebo sasejele. Izinsizwa ezimbili zaseFrance kwadingeka zikhokhe inhlawulo yamaRandi angu-4 000 umuntu ngamunye ngenxa yokwethusa i-quokka ngokuqondisa isifutho esivela enkonxeni ye-aerosol elayinini elikhanyayo. Bayiqopha futhi bayifaka ku-Intanethi.
AbaseFrance bamenyezelwa njengezigebengu yinkantolo yase-Australia, baqale bahlawuliswa u- $ 50,000 neminyaka emihlanu ejele. Kodwa inkantolo ikunakile ukuzisola nokuthi isilwane asizange silinyazwe emzimbeni.
Ukudla okunomsoco
UQuokka uhlala emahlathini aqinile (sclerophilous) amahlathi. Ukudla kufaka amahlumela amancane e-eucalyptus, amaqabunga e-araucaria Budvilla, izimpande namaqabunga e-epiphyte, i-pandanus, amaqabunga esihlahla sebhodlela esincane, amahlumela esihlahla seCurry, imbewu, amakhambi. Zinesakhiwo esiqinile esinemicu, ngakho inqubo yokuhlafuna ithatha isikhathi eside.
I-Quokka igaya ukudla ngenxa yokushuba kwemisipha yobuso, kuyilapho lesi silwane sigoqeka kahle. Ukubuka ukuthi udla kanjani kungenye yesisa. Ukudla kugwinywa khona manjalo, bese kuqhuma ifomu eligaywe kancane bese kuhlafunwa njengenshungama. Isidlo siphela ngokumamatheka okukhazimulayo okuvela ngenxa yokuphumula kwemisipha yobuso.
Quokka esithombeni - isilwane esihle kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Isilwane sithola ukudla ebusuku, sihamba otshanini obude. Umthombo oyinhloko wokudla uhlaza lwasemhlabeni, kepha kwesinye isikhathi i-quokka iphula amahlumela amancanyana, ikhuphukela ebangeni elingu-1.5 m.
Amagciwane atholakala esiswini se-Settonix ayafana namagciwane asohlelweni lokugaya izimvu. Ngesikhathi sonyaka owomile, izilwane zihamba ziyofuna uhlaza oluchumayo ziye kwezinye izindawo. Baphinde badinga umthombo wamanzi ahlanzekile njalo.
Uma kwenzeka kuba nesomiso, okwesikhashana ama-quokkas akhipha uketshezi kuziphuzo ezingakwazi ukuqoqa amanzi futhi zibe noginjana onamanzi. Ngokungafani nezihlobo eziseduze ze-wallaby, i-Settonix ingcono ekubekezeleleni amazinga okushisa aphezulu nokugcina impilo enhle emazingeni okushisa omoya kuze kufike ku-440KUSUKA.
Isibiliboco sikaQuokka asithandayo ngamahlamvu esihlahla
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
UQuokkas, yize behlala emindenini, baphila impilo eyimfihlo. Abesilisa nabesifazane baxhumana kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, lapho abesifazane beshushu. Isikhathi esisele bazihlalela bodwa. Umndeni ulawulwa owesilisa osezingeni eliphezulu ovikela izindawo zokuhlala ezinomthunzi ekuhlaselweni kwabokufika.
Ungubaba wamazinyane amaningi womndeni, wonke amanye amadoda anelisekile ngokuncane. Azikho izimpi zamandla phakathi kwamadoda, kepha ngokushesha nje ngenxa yobudala noma isimo sempilo owesilisa ovelele ulahlekelwa yikhono lokulawula umhlambi, unikeza i-quokka enamandla. Konke kwenzeka ngokuthula nangokuthula, ngaphandle kwempi enesiphepho.
ISettonix ingeyesigaba sezilwane ezincelisayo, ama-marsupials, ngakho-ke ingane izalwa ingathuthukile futhi "ivuthwa" esikhwameni esiswini sikanina. Endle, i-estrus yakhe ihlala ngo-Agasti kuya kuJanuwari. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokuqala kwe-estrus, owesifazane ugcina ithuba lokukhulelwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-28.
Ngemuva kokukhwelana, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-26-28, kuzalwa ithole elinesisindo esingama-gramu angama-25, okuthi ngokwezinga lokukhula lifane nombungu. Ngokulandela umuzwa wemvelo, unamathela eboyeni bukanina ngezidladla zakhe bese engena esikhwameni, lapho “sikhula” khona ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ezizayo sibe isisindo esingu-450 amagremu. Kukhona ubisi olunomsoco kuye, futhi ingane ithola konke ekudingayo.
I-Kwokka, njengekhangaru, ifaka amawundlu ayo esikhwameni
Imvelo yanakekela ukugcinwa kwezinhlobo ngendlela yokuthi uma kwenzeka zifa noma zisuswa esikhwameni sengane, kuvele umbungu wesibili ngemuva kwenyanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, owesifazane akudingeki ukuba ahlangane nowesilisa: umbungu ongathuthuki kahle wawusemzimbeni kamama njengenketho "yokulondoloza".
Uma umbungu wokuqala ungene ngokuphepha esikhwameni, owesibili uqala ukukhula. "Ulinda" ukuthi izinyane lokuqala lizimele futhi lishiye isikhwama sikanina, futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-24-27 uya khona uqobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingane yokuqala iyaqhubeka nokudla ubisi lwabesifazane izinyanga eziyi-3-4.
Uma kwenzeka kunokuntuleka kokudla noma enye ingozi, owesifazane ubeletha ingane eyodwa kuphela, futhi umbungu oyimpinda uyeka ukukhula nokuzilimaza. AmaQuokkas anempilo emfushane yeminyaka engu-7-10, ngakho-ke afinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Abesifazane baqala ukukhwelana ngosuku lokuphila okungama-252, abesilisa ngosuku lwama-389.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Iquokka iyathandeka kangangoba inika umbono wesilwane esihle esizolile ofuna ukusibona ekhaya, udlale ngaso bese usishaya. Kepha okokuqala, lesi yisilwane sasendle, esingashintshelwe empilweni nabantu.
Ngokwemfundiso kungenzeka ukuthi uphinde wenze kabusha izimo zendawo yokuhlala, kepha ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ikhaya quokka indlela yomuntu yokuphila ayinakwenzeka. Phakathi kwezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ekuvumelaniseni iSettonix nezimo zasekhaya yilezi:
1. Isilwane sihlala kuphela ezindaweni ezishisayo noma ezishisayo. Ungu-thermophilic yize ethanda ama-blackout. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-quokka ayikwazi ukuhlala efulethini, idinga indawo eluhlaza, utshani obude kanye namahlumela amasha aluhlaza. Isilwane sithanda ukwakha amaphaseji aluhlaza ngotshani obude, sakha amaqhugwane lapho sicasha khona emisebeni yelanga.
Endaweni engeyona eyemvelo ngokwayo, isilwane sizozwa ukungakhululeki futhi sigule kaningi. Engadini, ungaphinda wenze kabusha izimo ze-savanna ngosizo lwezihlahla nezihlahla ezikhula kancane, kepha lokhu kudinga isikhala esikhulu nokuhlala ingadi yobuchwepheshe;
2. I-Quokka ibhalwe ku-Red Book, ngakho-ke, ukuthekelisa okuvela e-Australia akuvunyelwe. Ungathenga isilwane ngokungemthetho, kepha ezindaweni ezipholile, isikhathi sokuphila sizokwehliswa izikhathi ezi-2. Ukunikeza imali eningi isilwane uqobo kanye nokugcinwa kwaso kuyingozi enkulu.
Isilwane singaphila iminyaka engaphezulu kweyi-7, futhi lokhu kusesiqiwini semvelo lapho kugcinwa khona indawo yaso yemvelo. USettonix uhlala e-zoo enhle iminyaka engu-5-6. Ekhaya, ngisho nokuhamba phambili, isikhathi sokuphila sincishisiwe saba yiminyaka engu-2-4;
3. Iquokka ayihambelani namakati nezinja. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwezilwane kugcina ngokuhlukumezeka kanye nengcindezi engapheli yesakhamuzi sase-Australia. Izinja zisabela ngolaka ezilwaneni eziyinqaba, amakati nawo awayithandi le ndawo;
4. ISettonix isebusuku. Emini ulele, futhi umuntu ufuna ukudlala ngalesi sidalwa esihle. Ukwephulwa kokulala nokuphaphama kugcwele ukwehla kokuzivikela komzimba. Ukuhamba kwasebusuku emhlabeni efulethini futhi bambalwa kakhulu abantu abangathanda. Njengezinye izilwane zasendle, ama-ferrets, ama-raccoon, ama-chinchillas, ane-quokka efulethini ledolobha noma endlini yangasese, izinkinga zizovela.
Ziqhutshwa umuzwa wemvelo wemvelo, lezi zilwane zizobiyela ezindaweni zokukhosela zisondele - amaphephandaba, ifenisha, izingubo, izicathulo. Ukumshiya yedwa amahora ambalwa, umnikazi angahle ashaqiswe "ukwakhiwa kabusha" kwefulethi ngokunambitheka kwe-quokka;
5. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lezi zilwane zihlala emindenini. Nokuthi owesifazane udinga owesilisa, nowesilisa udinga owesifazane, okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, i-quokka izophazamiseka yi-hormonal. Ibhalansi yemvelo iyaphazamiseka, egcwele ukugula nokufa kwesilwane esimpofu;
6. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lena yi-kangaroo ehamba ngendlela ethize. Udinga ukweqa, futhi lokhu kudinga isikhala. Kunzima ukugxumela efulethini;
7. Isisu sikaQuokka sinezinhlobo eziyi-15 zebhaktheriya ezibhekene nokugayeka kokudla. Futhi akukho neyodwa yazo eguqulelwa ekugayweni kokudla umuntu akudlayo. Ngisho ikhukhi elidliwe ngengozi lidala isifo sohudo nokoma;
8. ISettonix inesidingo sokugcina ibhalansi yamanzi. Ngaphandle kokuthi isilwane siphuza kancane, ukudla kwezitshalo kungumthombo omkhulu woketshezi emzimbeni. Izilwane zisebenzisa izitshalo ezimila endaweni enemvula minyaka yonke okungenani engama-600 mm. Abantu abaningi bafuna ukubona nsuku zonke ukuthi kanjani amamatheke uquokka, kodwa kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi sinesibopho salabo esibathambisile.
Intengo
ERussia nase-CIS amazwe intengo ye-quokka kuyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble angu-250,000 kuya ku-500,000. Kodwa-ke, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola isilwane emakethe yamahhala.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Ngo-2015, kwavela inhlekelele: edolobheni laseNorthcliffe, elisogwini olusentshonalanga ye-Australia, kwaba nomlilo oqothule ama-90% wabantu abangama-quokk (abantu abangu-500).
- Ngo-Agasti-Septhemba, izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba eRottnest Island liyancipha, bese kuqala isikhathi sesomiso. Ngaphansi kwale mibandela, abasebenzi besiqiwu bathatha izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokugcina izimo zokuphila ze-quokk.
- AmaQuokka anelukuluku lokwazi, angesabi abantu futhi ngokukhululekile asondele kubo eRottnest Island. Yize bebukeka benobungani, uku-ayina akunconyiwe. Amacala okulunywa kwabantu nge-quokk, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane, arekhodwa minyaka yonke. Isilwane asikwazi ukudala ingozi enkulu, kodwa kungenzeka ukwethuka nokushiya ukulimala esikhunjeni.
- I-quokka eRottnest Island kufanele iphathwe ngokucophelela; noma yikuphi ukwephulwa kwemithetho yokuxhumana kukhokhiswa inhlawulo. Isincane kunazo zonke isijeziso sokondla ukudla kwabantu. Ngakho-ke, ngekhukhi noma uswidi owelulele isilwane, kulindeleke ukuthi kubize u- $ 300, ukusika - kuze kufike ku- $ 50,000, ngokubulala - iminyaka emihlanu ejele lase-Australia.
- ISettonix iyabonakala emaphoyiseni asePetra, e-Adelaide, eSydney, kodwa kwaqashelwa ukuthi ezindaweni ezivulekile isilwane sicashe emehlweni abantu. Ngalesi sizathu, izilwane zigcinwa ngemuva kwengilazi, nokuvinjelwa okuqinile kunoma yikuphi ukuxhumana okuvela kubavakashi be-zoo.
- Inja yedingo, eyavela esiqhingini eminyakeni engama-3 500 eyedlule, nempungushe ebomvu eyethulwa ngabantu baseYurophu ngo-1870, yabangela umonakalo omkhulu kubantu be-quokk. Ukuphela kwendawo lezi zilwane ezazingangeni kuyo kwakunguRottnest Island. Namuhla, isitha esiyinhloko se-quokka esiqhingini ngumuntu, ikakhulukazi, ukutheleleka kanye namagciwane awaletha.
