IStavropol Territory ... "Amasango eCaucasus", lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi lomhlaba ovundile. Isifunda esiyingqayizivele eRussia lapho ungabona ubusika ehlobo. Itholakala engxenyeni emaphakathi yezintaba nasethambekeni elisenyakatho yeCaucasus. Ithafa nezintaba endaweni eyodwa, kwesokudla nakwesobunxele, kuzungezwe izilwandle ezimbili, iBlack neCaspian.
Empumalanga, ungazithela phezu kwezindunduma zesihlabathi eziyimfihlakalo ezingwadule, futhi eduze naseZheleznovodsk, vakashela umhume we-permafrost. Konke lokhu kwenza isimo sezulu esifundeni sikhetheke. Ezintabeni, ngisho nasehlobo, izinga lokushisa lisondele ezimweni ze "friji", cishe + 5 ° C. Intwasahlobo isilapha, njengoba kufanele ibe njalo, izinyanga ezintathu ngqo - kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMashi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaMeyi.
Izinga lokushisa ngalesi sikhathi limayelana + 15 ° C. Kepha ihlobo liyashisa, lifinyelela ku + 40 ° C, kepha kunemifula namachibi amaningi nxazonke, axegisa lokhu kushisa. Lina ngekwindla, kanti iqhwa lokuqala liwa ngoNovemba. Ukufana kwama-45 kwe-latitude yasenyakatho kudlula eStavropol, okusho ukuthi leli dolobha lisendaweni elinganayo ukusuka eNyakatho Pole nase-equator. Le indawo yemvelo kanye nesimo sezulu seplanethi yethu.
Isifunda esiphethe isikhundla esihle kangaka besilokhu sihlukaniswa ngokuvunwa okunothile okusanhlamvu, imifino nezithelo. Ukufuya kwemfuyo, ikakhulukazi, ukufuya izimvu kungenye yezinto ezithuthuke kakhulu eRussia. Ngendlela, zonke izindawo zokungcebeleka ezidumile ezinamanzi okuphulukisa zitholakala ikakhulukazi esifundeni saseStavropol.
I-Kislovodsk, iPyatigorsk, i-Essentuki, iMineralnye Vody - lezi yizindawo ezidumile ezinemithombo yokuphulukisa, lapho izakhamuzi zaseRussia nakwamanye amazwe bezilapha izifo eziningi emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka. Ukufingqa, singasho ukuthi lesi sifunda singesinye sabelaphi bethu abakhulu nabelaphi.
Udinga ukungena kancane emlandweni ukuthola ukuthi leli gama livela kuphi edolobheni elikhulu lalesi sifunda. Ngenkathi uCatherine II akha imingcele eseningizimu yoMbuso WaseRussia, ibutho elingaphandle lekusasa leStavropol laba yilona eliyinhloko kulolu chungechunge. Ukuma kwayo okuhle ngokwendawo egqumeni bekuhlale kulihlukanisa leli dolobha, futhi nalo kunesifunda. "Iso elibheke iVolga neDon", kanye nendawo yezingxoxo zomlando.
Ngaleso sikhathi, indlovukazi yakhombisa ngokusobala umbuso waseByzantium, yingakho amadolobha amaningi enamagama esiGreki. I-Stavropol - "City-cross" noma "Krestograd" ngokuhumusha kusuka esiGrekini. Ngokomlando, abakwaCossacks, ababakha ibutho lokuqala eliqaphile, bakhubeka esiphambanweni samatshe.
Isimo salesi sifunda sihluke kakhulu. Kusuka kulokhu futhi izilwane zasendaweni yaseStavropol iyahlukahluka kakhulu. Emagqumeni, amahlathi asemahlathini ayanqoba, ama-oki, ama-hornbeams nezinye izihlahla ezinqabayo ziyakhula. Njengamahlathi amaningi, umhlaba wezilwane ezincelisayo, kokubili izilwane ezidla izilwane kanye nezidla inyama, uyabusa lapha.
Ngezansi ama-steppes. Ngendlela, iningi labo lilinyiwe, ngakho-ke umhlaba wezilwane ushintshile kancane. Kodwa-ke, lezi zindawo zisengabhekwa njengendawo yamagundane. Kunezinyoni eziningi eziphila emanzini nezilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini, emaxhaphozini, emathafeni ezikhukhula zemifula. Inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezintaba nama-steppes idale izimo zezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezithakazelisayo.
Akunakwenzeka ukutshela ngokuningiliziwe ngakho konke ukuhlukahluka kwezilwane zomhlaba walesi sifunda. Izilwane Zendawo YeStavropol emelwe yizinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-8 zama-amphibians, izinhlobo eziyi-12 zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinhlobo ezingama-90 zezilwane ezincelisayo nezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingama-300 noma ngaphezulu.
Amaphethini amaningi ayaphindwa kwezinye izifunda. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokukhulunywa okujwayelekile, kubalulekile ukuhlala ngokuningiliziwe kulezo zilwane eziyizici zalezo zindawo. Futhi unake ngokukhethekile isigaba esinjenge izilwane zeRed Book of the Stavropol Territory.
Izilwane zamahlathi nezintaba zeStavropol
Izingulube zasendle (izingulube) - izakhamuzi ezesabekayo zehlathi ezinamazinyo amakhulu, ziyizinto zokuzingelwa. Ama-artiodactyl ama-omnivorous akuzona izilwane ezincelisayo ezikhanyayo. Ama-bristles anwebekayo akha uhlobo oluthile lomhlwenga ngesikhumba, esikwazi ukukhukhumeza ngesikhathi senjabulo enamandla. Umbala wejazi umnyama-nsundu ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-ocher.
Ikhipha imisindo ehlukile, njengengulube yasekhaya, ingahlukaniswa ibe ukuxhumana, okwethusayo nokulwa. Ubude obungafika ku-175 cm, ukuphakama kubuna kuze kufike ku-1 m. Isisindo singafika ku-150 kg. Kuthuthukisa isivinini esifinyelela ku-40 km / h. Ubhukuda kahle. Iyakwazi ukumba umuthi ukuze uwe. Ngenxa yentukuthelo yakhe embi, kungcono ungangeni endleleni yakhe ehlathini. Zivame kakhulu futhi zingaphansi kokuzingelwa ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.
Izimpisi zaseCaucasus (kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi yiCaspian wolf). Izacile, yakhiwe ngamandla, intamo emfushane, umsila wobude obuphakathi nendawo. Kunezimagqabhagqabha zoboya obumnyama ezihlakazeke umzimba wonke, okudala ukuvela kombala omnyama ukwedlula owabanye abantu. Ngokuvamile, umbala ungabhekwa njengempunga ebomvu.
Kancane kancane ngosayizi bazalwane. Izidladla zilula ukwedlula umzimba. Bonke uboya bubukeka bukhanya ebusika. Idla izilwane zasendle nezasekhaya, izithelo namajikijolo. Kwesinye isikhathi inani labantu lidlula imikhawulo evunyelwe, izimpisi ziqala ukudala inkinga ngokuhlasela kwazo ezindaweni zokuhlala. Ngemuva kwalokho ukudutshulwa kwalezi zilwane kumenyezelwa kanye. Ngokuvamile, zivame kakhulu.
Amabhere ansundu (Incwadi Ebomvu). Isilwane esinamandla, esinamandla esinezinwele ezinyene, umzimba omkhulu. Ngemuva kokulala ubusika bonke, isisindo sayo cishe siyi-100 kg, futhi ekwindla sanda ngama-20%. Kutholakala emahlathini nasezixhaphozini. Uphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-35.
Ikati lasehlathini laseCaucasia (I-Red Book - KK, ngemuva kwalokhu) imele umndeni we-feline, ofana kakhulu nekati elikhulu lasekhaya le-tabby. Uboya buzala, buningi obumpunga nobomvu, ama-slips aphuzi ophuzi, kunemigqa ephinyiselwe ezinhlangothini nasemuva. "IVaska the Cat", inkulu kakhulu kuphela.
I-Gadaur snow vole ifana nehamster, ihlala ezindaweni ezinamadwala noma emahlathini. Ukubhujiswa akuvunyelwe. Kubhaliswe eNcwadini Ebomvu.
Kubonwe I-lynx yaseCaucasia endaweni yamagquma, kepha lawa amacala awodwa.
Izimpungushe eCiscaucasia nayo incane kancane kunezindawo ezisenyakatho. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ukubomvu ngamabele amhlophe. Izinsuku zokuzingela zibekelwe izimpungushe, kepha ngokujwayelekile lesi sigaba asiveli eRed Book.
Izinyamazane, hares, moose - azibangeli ukukhathazeka njengezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa futhi zingaba nesithakazelo kubazingeli, vele, ngemuva kokuthola ilayisense.
Izilwane zama-steppes nama-semi-desert ezingaphansi kwesifunda saseStavropol
Emaqeleni, ugwadule, nasekuguqulweni kusuka ehlathini kuye emathafeni, kukhona ama-jerboas, ama-voles, izingwejeje ezisemhlabathini, ama-hedgehogs anele, ama-weasel, ama-saigas, izimpungushe zesihlabathi nezinye izilwane eziningi ezithokozisayo.
UJerboas zihamba ngemilenze yazo yangemuva ngokugxuma, zingafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-50 km / h. Lezi zilwane zingamasizungu. Baxhumana nezihlobo kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Bayacophelela kakhulu futhi baqinile. Zingagijima cishe ama-4 km ubusuku ngabunye. Omnivorous, banama-rhizomes, ama-bulb, imbewu, izinambuzane, izibungu kumenyu.
Weasel uthanda isikhala. Kodwa ensimini ufuna indawo yokukhosela phakathi kwamatshe. Isidlakela esaziwayo esaziwa ngokoma igazi. Kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-20. Izingela ubusuku nemini, ibhukuda futhi ikhuphuke kahle ezihlahleni ngokulinganayo. Akanamahloni, kunalokho okuphambene nalokho. Ngeke abalekele umuntu, futhi uma ebanjwa, angaphalaza. Idla amagundane, izinkukhu, amagundane, amaparaji, amasele nezinyoka.
Isihlabathi fox-korsak ovela emndenini wezinja noma we-canids, uhlala ethafeni, unethezekile emathafeni nasogwadule oluncane, mncane kunempungushe ejwayelekile, unesifinyana esifushane esibukhali, izindlebe ezinkulu, imilenze emide, icishe ibe ngu-30 cm ubude, isisindo sayo sisuka ku-5.5 kuye ku-6 kg.
I-hedgehog ekhulisiwe uhlala emathafeni. Azikho eziningi zazo, zifana nama-hedgehogs ajwayelekile, kuphela ngezindlebe ezinkulu kakhulu. Bazingela ebusuku. Zidla izinambuzane. Babekezelela ukushisa kahle.
Imini yasemini gerbil - igundane elinombala obomvu osagolide, ikama gerbil inesikhumba esinsundu ngokunsundu.
Encwadini Ebomvu:
I-Saiga (i-saiga antelope), isilwane esincelisayo esincane esinekhala elifana nesiqu nezindlebe eziyindilinga. Izimpondo ezinhle, njengezisontekile, ezinde zitholakala kuphela kwabesilisa, futhi zinkulu kakhulu kunezinsikazi. Uncamela ama-steppes nama-semi-desert.
I-sand badger uhlala eduzane nezinqolobane ezindaweni ezomile. Kusebusuku, kuyamangalisa.
I-steppe ferret (okungavamile kakhulu) kusengcupheni yokuqothulwa, ngenxa yokuthuthuka okuphelele kwezindawo ezisemathangeni. Uphinde abe yinto ebalulekile yokuzingela. Unoboya obuhle obuyigugu.
UHamster Radde igundane elincane, kuze kufike ku-28 cm, ubude bomsila obufinyelela ku-1.5 cm.Phezulu kunsundu, isisu simnyama noma mpunga onsundu. Amabala akhanyayo ezihlathini nasemuva kwezindlebe. Ichazwe okokuqala ngo-1894 yisazi semvelo saseRussia uGustav Radde. Manje ifakiwe eNcwadini Ebomvu.
Imink yaseCaucasus yaseYurophu, isilwane esihlukile sohlobo lwaso. Isinde kuphela endaweni yezinqolobane, ngisho nasezu. Isilwane esidlayo somndeni weasel. Uhlala emagqumeni eNyakatho Caucasus. Isilwane esincane esinemilenze emincane, umzimba ovulekile nomsila omncane opholile. Izindlebe zincane, ziyindilinga, azibonakali ngoboya. Uboya bufushane, buminyene futhi bubaluleke kakhulu. Umbala unombala onsundu ngokwemvelo, kunendawo emhlophe esifubeni. Ihlala iseduze nemizimba yamanzi (CC).
I-steppe pestle... Igundane elincane elinomsila omncane ongafika kubude obungu-12 cm.Izindlebe zincane, azibonakali nakancane, umzimba nemilenze zimbozwe ngokuphelele ngoboya obuyimpunga, ogwini kunomugqa omnyama.
Impumputhe (i-giant mole rat) iyigundane elincelisayo. Usayizi wama-33-35 cm, unesisindo esingaba yi-1 kg, umzimba olengisiwe, amazinyo avezwe ngokuqinile, awekho amehlo nezindlebe. Alikwazi ukuzivikela izimpungushe, amakati nezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye.
Umbala ubunsundu ngemuva kanti onsundu ngokukhanyayo esiswini. Ngokuthakazelisayo, amazeze ahlala kuwo nawo awaboni. Abanye bambheka njengemvukuzane, kodwa lokhu akulungile, imvukuzane ivela emndenini wezinambuzane, kanti igundane lemvukuzane livela kumagundane.
Izilwane zasemanzini zesifunda saseStavropol
Esinye sezilwane ezinhle kunazo zonke kodwa ezingavamile Ikati lasehlathini laseCaucasus... Wahlala emahlathini angaweleki eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi. Igwema izindawo ezivulekile ezingafihliwe ngamahlathi. Ungumzingeli wasebusuku nasethunzini. Uzwa kahle, kepha inzwa yokuhogela ayithuthukisiwe kakhulu. Inemilenze emide kodwa inomsila omfishane.
Abantu abaningana basinda. Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke asinamsindo, okumangazayo kubathandi bezilwane. Izilwane ezidlayo zeStavropol Territoryezihlala eduze kwamanzi ngokuvamile ziyizisulu. Ziphila ngokudla konke okuhambayo, nakulokho okuncane ngosayizi. Leli kati lidla amagundane, izinyoni, izilwane ezihuquzelayo.
Isigaxa saseCaucasus. I-amphibian enkulu kunazo zonke eRussia, ubukhulu bufinyelela ku-13 cm, ukuthwebula akuvunyelwe, kungaphansi kokuvikelwa (CC).
Ixoxo lase-Asia Minor, (KK), isilwane esingajwayelekile. Isitha esiyinhloko i-raccoon enemigqa.
Ixoxo lesihlahla elivamile, i-amphibian encane ngaphandle komsila, okuluhlaza okukhanyayo okunesisu esiphuzi. 3 iqembu KK.
Okusha kukaLanza uhlala emahlathini asemahlathini aseduze nemizimba yamanzi. Ingaphansi kokuvikelwa ngenxa yezinsongo zokuqothulwa. Lapho ahlala khona, abantu banciphisa inani le-raccoon enemigqa, isitha sakhe esikhulu (CC)
I-otter yaseCaucasia. Yisilwane esiphakathi nendawo esinomzimba ohlangene, imilenze emifushane nomsila ojiyile nophansi kancane. Ubude bomzimba bungafika ku-75 cm, umsila ufike kuma-cm 50. Isifonyo sibukhali, sifushane, izindlebe zivele ngaphandle ngenhla koboya obusekhanda. Phezulu kunsundu onsundu, kuyacwebezela, ngezansi kunombala okhanyayo, onombala osiliva.
Uhlala emfuleni iKuma esifundeni sasePyatigorsk naseBudyonnovsk. Ikhetha izintaba nezintaba ezigeleza ngokushesha ezingagodoli ebusika. Kodwa-ke, ingahlala eduze kwechibi lokufakelwa kanye nechibi. Izingela kusihlwa nasebusuku. Ukudla kuphethwe yizinhlanzi, kepha kungabamba amagundane, izinyoni namaxoxo. Uhlala emigodini eyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngaphezu komgodi omkhulu, wakha igumbi lokungenisa umoya kanye nesidleke. Isikhathi sokuzalisa siqala entwasahlobo. Kunamazinyane ayi-2-4 embhedeni, ahlala nomzali wawo kuze kufike ekwindla. Encwadini Ebomvu yeStavropol esigabeni 3, isimo sesilwane esingavamile.
Abantu basongelwa ngokunisela kwabantu, ukungcola komfula nokuzingela ngokungemthetho. Manje bazama ukuyizalisa ngokungeyikho, balwa kanzima nokuzingela ngokungemthetho. Zakha nezindawo ezivikelwe ezindaweni zokuhlala.
Izinyoni
Inyoni enhle kunazo zonke ivuba elibomvana, isengcupheni yokuqothulwa ngokuphelele. Usayizi womzimba 1.5-1.6 m. Izimpaphe ezintekenteke kakhulu, umbala wokuntwela kokusa - umhlophe ngombala obomvana. Kwenzeka eLake Manychskoye naseChongraiskoye Reservoir (KK).
Idada... Izinyoni zamanzi zomndeni wedada. Usayizi mncane, kufika ku-45 cm, upendwe ngamathoni we-fawn ngemuva, isisu sinsundu. Ikhanda limpunga ngokukhanyayo noma mhlophe. Abesilisa banomugqa omnyama entanyeni yabo, uqhwaku oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (CC).
I-Peregrine falcon... Inyoni edlayo evela emndenini wokhozi. Ukukhula kuze kube uhhafu wemitha, amaphiko afinyelela ku-1.5 m. Ikhwalithi yayo ebaluleke kakhulu isivinini sendiza ephezulu. Ishesha iye kuma-300 km ngehora. Ngakho-ke, isitimela sethu esidumile esinejubane elikhulu eMoscow - iSt. Petersburg saqanjwa ngokuthi "iSapsan" (KK).
Meadow tirkushka, enezimpaphe ngokulandelana kwama-plovers. Umzimba ungamasentimitha angama-25 kuya kwangama-28 ngosayizi, onsundu ngaphezulu, isifuba sinombala ophuzi, bese kuthi emphinjeni kube nokhololo omuhle onombala kalamula onomngcele omnyama. Kufana nenkonjane enkulu, ikakhulukazi endizeni (CC).
Isikhova... Omunye wabamele abakhulu kakhulu bezikhova. Kuqoshwe ku-CC yeStavropol Territory. Usayizi ofika ku-65 cm, onsundu omnyama onemigqa ehlukahlukene kanye nezinkomba zamathoni amhlophe namnyama (CC).
Unogolantethe omnyama, indwandwe enezimpaphe eziqaphile, emnyama. Ihlala ezihlahleni ezide, isibalo siyancipha ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokwakhiwa kwezintambo zikagesi (KK).
Ukhozi lwesitepe - inyoni eziqhoshayo edla inyama ngobukhulu obukhulu ngomlomo ocijile (CC Stavropol).
Isikhova esinamalebe amafushane, inyoni enezicucu ezimfishane zezimpaphe ezingavamile eduze kwezindlebe. Phezulu kudwetshwe ngombala wokugqwala, kunamabala amnyama nokukhanya okude. Ikhetha izindawo ezingamaxhaphozi ezivulekile, i-omnivorous (CC Stavropol).
I-Bustard - umndeni omkhulu onezimpiko wama-cranes, onesisindo esifinyelela ku-16 kg. Kuhlala ubukhulu be-steppe, igijima ngokushesha futhi iyazi ukuthi ingazifihla kanjani kahle, eyenziwe lula ngombala we-motley (umbala omnyama-omhlophe-mpunga obomvu wezimpaphe) (CC Stavropol).
I-Bustard eduze kwenkukhu yasekhaya ngosayizi, kepha ibukeka njengekhokho. Ingemuva nekhanda kunombala wesihlabathi. Isifuba simhlophe, kunemigqa eminingana emnyama eguqukayo entanyeni
Idemoiselle crane ummeleli omncane kunabo bonke bama-cranes, ukuphakama kuka-90 cm, unesisindo kusuka ku-2.8 kuya ku-3 kg. Kakhulukazi emhlophe, kunezindawo ezinhle zezimpaphe ezimnyama ekhanda, entanyeni nasemaphikweni. Eduze kwamehlo ipendwe ngethoni ekhanyayo empunga, uqhwaku futhi lunezindawo zalo mbala. Uqhwaku lufushane, luphuzi (CC Stavropol).
Ukungcwaba ukhozi isilwane esikhulu esinezimpaphe. Usayizi usuka ku-80 cm, kwesinye isikhathi ufinyelela ku-90-95 cm.Amaphiko ajika afike ku-2 m 15 cm endizeni.Akunesisindo esingaba ngu-5 kg, kanti abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa. Umbala wezimpaphe unombala onsundu, eduze komnyama, esifubeni nasemaphikweni kuneziqhingi ezimhlophe njengeqhwa. Umsila umpunga onsundu (CC Stavropol).
Ukhozi lwenyoni unezimpaphe ezibomvu, unamathela emathafeni, ehlane nasehlathini (KK Stavropol).
Izinyoni zezintaba
I-Ular yaseCaucasian, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-mountain turkey, isihlobo se-pheasant, sifana nenhlwathi nenkukhu yasekhaya (CC Stavropol).
I-grouse emnyama yaseCaucasus, unombala wamalahle amnyama anezimpaphe, kanti amanye aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngendlela yeziqhingi ezihlukene. Umsila namaphiko kuhlotshiswe ngamabala amhlophe. Isici esihlukile amashiya ophaphe obomvu. Okuvamile, okubalwe ku-QC.
Indoda enentshebe yokhozi, uyinqe lokudla, izimpiko nomsila onamaphethelo abukhali, izimpaphe kuzo futhi engxenyeni engemuva kumnyama, isifuba nekhanda kukhona i-beige elula. Kunemivimbo emnyama eduze kwamehlo (CC Stavropol).
Inqe likaGriffon inyoni yenyoni edla inyama. Kubuye kube nokukhwabanisa. Konke kumnyama mpunga, kwezinye izindawo kusondele komnyama, isifuba, intamo nekhanda kumhlophe. Umlomo ubanzi futhi unamandla (CC).
Izilwane ezihuquzelayo
Ikhanda elikhuphukile, incane, efinyelela ku-20 cm, isibankwa esinezinqubo ezinkulu ekhanda, esifana nezindlebe ezinkulu eziyindilinga Kubhalwe ku-QC.
Isibankwa sedwala kuze kufike ku-18 cm ngosayizi, ingxenye yesithathu yomzimba, izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zomsila. Inhloko eyisicaba, ihlala emaqeleni. Kubhalwe ku-QC.
Lokuphotha Brittle... Lizard, duzane nezinyawo ezinamanga. Kuvamile ngokwanele. Ubude bomzimba bufike ku-27 cm, umsila ufike ku-18 cm (CC).
Inyoka yomnqumo... Ummeleli wezinyoka onqabile, wabelwa isigaba 0 kuCC. Mhlawumbe inhlobo esivele ingasekho. Ubude obungu-90 cm, umbala - iphethini elithakazelisayo lamathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nawomnqumo (CC)
I-steppe agama, isibankwa esingajwayelekile esifinyelela ku-25 cm ubude, obungu-15 cm ubude basemsileni. Ikhanda limise okwenhliziyo, liphakeme. Umbala unombala onsundu ngokumpunga. I-Cage Back Ornament (CC)
Isibankwa esimthende, izinhlobo eziningi. Ihlala ezindaweni ezivulekile ezinezimila ze-herbaceous ne-shrub. Kufinyelela ku-34 cm ubude.Umzimba uhlukaniswe ngombala waba yizicucu ezimbili - kusuka ekhanda kuya maphakathi nomzimba - okuluhlaza okukhanyayo, nokuqhubeka, kuze kufike esicongweni somsila - mpunga. Futhi yonke into inamachashazi amancane, njengephethini.
Isibankwa esingenamthetho (i-jellyfish ejwayelekile ephuzi)... Isibankwa esikhulu, esifinyelela ku-50 cm ngosayizi, sifike kumasentimitha angama-75. Umbala womzimba - onsundu ngokunsundu, esitokisini esincane. Kubhalwe ku-QC.
Ngokuya ngemininingwane ethunyelwe, kwatholakala uhlobo olungajwayelekile kakhulu lapha - inyoka yesibankwa... Le yinyoka yomndeni wezinyoka, yabonwa amahlandla ayi-7 eStavropol Territory. Ifinyelela ku-2 m ubude, i-oviparous. Akuwona ubuthi uqobo, kepha ungadla ezinye izinyoka ukuze uzidle, noma zinobuthi.
Kobuthi obuseBomvu Incwadi okusohlwini inyoka yasempumalanga, ubude bayo bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-73.5. Intamo ihlukanisa ikhanda eliyisicaba. Umbala uluhlaza ngokumpunga, ngemuva kukhona umhlobiso omuhle omazombezombe. Ngaphezu kwezintaba zeGreater Caucasus, ingahlala emahlathini asezindaweni eziseningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeYurophu, esifundeni saseSarepta eLower Volga, Central and Central Asia, eningizimu yeSiberia naseKazakhstan. I-Viviparous. Idonsela ngasemathafeni ezikhukhula zemifula, imihosha enotshani, amahlathi agcwele izikhukhula kanye nemithambeka yezintaba ezinamadwala.
Izinambuzane
Karakurt... Lesi sidalwa singesomhlobo wama-arachnids, onikezwa igama elithi "umfelokazi omnyama". Anombala omnyama, kanti abesifazane badla abesilisa ngemuva kokukhwelana. Uphawu olukhethekile amabala abomvu esiswini. Ubukhulu besifazane bufinyelela ku-2-3 cm.Owesilisa ufinyelela ku-1 cm.Uma owesifazane engenawo amabala abomvu esiswini sakhe, uyingozi kakhulu! (QC)
Amajingijolo aseCiscaucasian... I-Lepidoptera, yinhle kakhulu. Kufakwe esigabeni sokuqala se-QC. Ukuphakama kwamaphiko kuze kufike ku-16 mm, ubude - 30 mm. (QC)
UZegris Euphema, uvemvane olumhlophe olunamaphiko ubude obufinyelela kumasentimitha ama-4. Umbala wezimpiko umhlophe, ezimpikweni ezingenhla kunamachashaza aphuzi ngokusawolintshi nama-black specks (CC).
UZernithia Polyxena... Ivemvane lesikebhe, livulekela izimpiko kuze kufike ku-5.6 cm. Ubuhle obukhanyayo obunemibala elingisa i-amphorae yasendulo. (QC).
Inyosi edabukisayo, kusuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-2 cm ubude, abasebenzi bancane ngisho, kuze kufike ku-1 cm, isisu simnyama, umzimba umbozwe izinwele eziphuzi ezikhanyayo. Kuhlala izingilazi nezimfunda endaweni eyihlathi. Ukuthanda ukushisa, ukulala ubusika ezindaweni zokukhosela.
Umsizi ekupholiseni izitshalo, kufaka phakathi ezolimo. Kungani igama elinjalo lingacaci kahle, mhlawumbe ngenxa yezinga lomsindo eliphansi elenzayo. Kuvele izwi elicasukile kancane. Noma mhlawumbe ngoba esezonqamuka, ubhalwe ku-KK.
Uthingo lwenkosazana iXylocopa, umndeni wezinyosi. Ama-xylocopes amancane eRussia. Ubude obufinyelela ku-1.8 cm. Amaphiko ombala omnyama onombala onsomi (CC).
Amalulwane
Ilulwane, ilulwane elivela emndenini onamakhala abushelelezi, lifakwe ohlwini lweRed Book. Encane ngosayizi, kusuka ku-4.8 kuye ku-5 cm, ipendwe ngemibala enesihlabathi emnyama enombala onsundu. Kutholakala ezifundeni eziseningizimu zesifunda (KK).
Ilulwane elinamalebe acijile... Amalulwane avela emndenini onamakhala abushelelezi. Izinhlobo ezisengozini yokutholakala engozini, ezitholakala encwadini ebomvu. Ibhu likhulu kunamanye amalungu omndeni. Ubude bezingalo zakhe bungaba ngamasentimitha ayisithupha. Ipendwe ngemibala ensundu emnyama nansundu ngokumpunga (CC).
Amaphiko amade ajwayelekile... Ilulwane lincane ngosayizi, lisuka kumasentimitha angu-5.5 kuye kwayi-6. Uhlala emagqumeni. Ngasemaphethelweni wokuqothulwa (CC).
Izilwane ezijwayelekile ezihlala eStavropol Territory
Emuva ezinsukwini ze-USSR, izihlobo ze-nutria, i-raccoon, i-Altai squirrel, i-Altai marmot, i-sika deer, i-roe deer zazijwayele. Bahlala endle, kepha abantu babo abathuthukile.
I-Nutria i-waterfowl rodent enesisindo esifinyelela ku-12 kg, esifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-60. Abesifazane bancane ngosayizi kunabesilisa. Unoboya obugqinsi obukhulu kanye nomsila obushelelezi obanzi, "ayiphethe" lapho ebhukuda. Ihlala eduze kwamanzi, i-thermophilic, kepha futhi ingabekezelela isithwathwa kuze kufike kuma-degree angama-35.
Inja yeRaccoon — umhlaseli womndeni wezinja noma ama-canids. Ihluka ngo-omnivorousness. Bamba izimbobo zezindlu. Ngokubukeka kubukeka njenge-raccoon nempungushe ngasikhathi sinye.
U-Altai squirrel, inkulu kune-squirrel ejwayelekile, inombala onsundu omnyama onsundu, kwesinye isikhathi icishe ibe ngamalahle aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ebusika, ijazi liyakhanya futhi libe mpunga osiliva. Isilwane sasehlathini, sihlala phakathi kwezihlahla zikaphayini nama-oki.
I-Altai marmot igundane elikhulu elinesisindo esifinyelela ku-9 kg. Umnikazi wejazi elide elijiyile elinombala ophuzi-beige, ezindaweni ezinombala onsundu onsundu.
Izinyamazane ezidwebile... Uhlala ezilwaneni zasendle cishe iminyaka eyi-15-16. Ihlala emahlathini, ikakhulu emahlathini e-oki. Umbala okhanyayo kakhulu womzimba ehlobo - oyinhloko umbala obomvu-nsundu, amabala amhlophe akhanyayo emzimbeni wonke. Ebusika, umbala wejazi uyanyamalala futhi ube lula. Mhlawumbe kungabonakali kangako.
Roe, isilwane esincelisayo somndeni wezinyamazane. Uboya bunombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo noma obomvu ngokumnyama ehlobo nobumpunga obunsundu ebusika. Abesilisa kuphela abanezimpondo. Kuvunyelwe njengento yokuzingela.
Ngokuvamile, iStavropol Territory inezindawo ezinhle kakhulu zokuzingela, lapho ungazingela khona izingulube zasendle, i-muskrat, i-pheasant. Kungenzeka uthole ilayisense lokuzingela lempisi, impungushe, imarten, izinyoni zasemanzini, unogwaja kanye nomphalaphala.
Izilwane zezolimo zeStavropol Territory imelwe ikakhulu izinkomo ezaziwa ngokuphelele. Kunezinhlobo zezinyama ezifuyiwe: iKalmyk, Hereford, Kazakh enamakhanda amhlophe, i-limousine, kanye nezinhlobo zobisi: iHolstein, emnyama namhlophe, i-steppe ebomvu, i-Yaroslavl, i-Ayshir, iJersey.
Izingulube, izimbuzi, izinkukhu, amakalikuni, amadada nezimvu nazo zilethwa lapho. Ukufuya izimvu kungenye yezindawo ezivelele zokufuya imfuyo yezolimo esifundeni saseStavropol. Izimvu zimelelwa yizinhlobo ezilandelayo: I-Manych merino, i-merino yenyama yaseRussia, i-Dzhalgin merino, iStavropol, i-merino yaseSoviet, i-North Caucasian-wool.
Futhi futhi bazalela amahhashi lapho - i-Arabia, i-Akhal-Teke, i-thoroughbred, i-Karachai, i-Oryol trotters. Futhi, ekugcineni, izinyosi ezimnandi zaseCarpathia zikhiqizwa lapho. Manje kwi-Intanethi ungathola ulwandle lonke lwezikhangiso zokuthengiswa kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezifuywayo, kushiwo ikakhulukazi ukuthi zivela eStavropol.
Kukholakala ukuthi laba bantu yibona abathembisayo kunabo bonke, abanamandla, abanenzuzo futhi abakhiqizayo. Ama-Gobies namathole wokukhuluphala angathengwa ngama-ruble ayi-11,000. Kuhlwanyela amazinyane ezingane - kufika kuma-ruble angama-27,000, imbuzi enezingane - kufika kuma-ruble ayi-10 000, namawundlu ezimvu - ama-ruble ayi-1,500-2,000.
Manje cabanga ukuthi ucelwe ukuthi wenzeni izithombe zezilwane zaseStavropol Territory... Khohlwa amazinyane ajwayelekile, imidlwane, amazinyane ezingulube, amawundlu nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo ezinhle kodwa ezijwayelekile. Ngokushesha zama ukuthwebula izidalwa ezingabonakali ezinyamalalayo njenge-keepsake. I-lizard, isicabucabu, ilulwane noma inyoni - lawa amamodeli akho, ayakwazi ukukukhazimulisa. Kwazi bani, mhlawumbe isithombe sakho sizoba ngesokugcina kwezinye izinhlobo.
IRed Book yaseStavropol, ngeshwa, ibanzi impela. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukunaka ukuvikelwa kwemvelo. Ezokuvakasha, ezokuthuthukiswa kwezolimo, ezokungcebeleka kwezempilo, nezinye izingqalasizinda - konke lokhu kulungile, kepha kungaba yingozi esigabeni esintekenteke.Izilwane ezingavamile zeStavropol Territory»
Sekuvele kuneziqiwi zombuso eziyi-16 eStavropol Territory. Okukhulu kunabo bonke "i-Aleksandrovsky", inendawo engamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25. Kusensimini yalesi siqiwi lapho kukhona khona "iShed Sheds" edumile kanye nehlathi elihle kakhulu, okuyisikhumbuzo semvelo, esibizwa nge-Oak.
Ku-2018, kugujwa iminyaka eyi-10 yenkonzo yokuvikela imvelo kahulumeni eStavropol Territory. Sithanda izwe lakithi kakhulu, elinye nelinye lamakhona alo angahle abe muhle futhi abe mnandi kakhulu kunokubuka okungajwayelekile, kepha okwangaphandle. Isifunda saseStavropol imvamisa siyi-godsend yezivakashi.
Lapha amaSkithe namaSarmatians "babonwa", iGreat Silk Road yadlula lapha, kwathi iGolden Horde yashiya izikhumbuzo zezakhiwo kanye nohlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi ngobumba. Kepha isipho esikhulu kunazo zonke yimvelo eyingqayizivele. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wethu akukhona ukukhulisa amakhasi eRed Book yeStavropol Territory, isivele inkulu kakhulu.
