Inyoni ye-Indo-duck endle ibizwa ngokuthi yi-musk duck. Ithole leli gama ngenxa yamafutha akhethekile afihlwe abantu abadala anephunga elifana nephunga le-musk. Leli phunga likhumbuza izinkuni, limnandi kancane, libabile kancane, linuka umhlaba kanye namanzi ngasikhathi sinye.
Kukholelwa ukuthi igama elithi "musk" livela esizweni "Musca" - amaNdiya asendulo ayehlala eColombia. Kukhona nencazelo yesithathu. Esikhathini esedlule, iRussia yayibizwa ngeMuscovy. Futhi la madada abe ngowokuqala ukungeniswa eYurophu yinkampani yokuhweba yaseNgilandi "iMoscow Company" ngesikhathi sika-Elizabeth I. "Moscovy Duck" yaguqulwa yaba idada le-musk.
Kwakufuywa ngesinye isikhathi endulo ngama-Aztec. Cishe, lokhu kwenzeka kudala ngaphambi kuka-1553, futhi kwakungalowo nyaka lapho kukhulunywa ngaye okokuqala encwadini ethi "Chronicles of Peru" nguPedro Cieza de Leone. Uhlelo lujwayelekile: amaNdiya athola, afuya noma athanjiswa, futhi abaseSpain nabasePutukezi bazisa umhlaba wonke.
Wabe eselethwa e-Afrika, bese eYurophu, e-Asia, e-Australia naseRussia. Wabe wabizwa isimungulu eRussia. Le nyoni yalethwa eSoviet Union kabili, ngo-1981 ivela eJalimane, kwathi ngo-1988 isuka eFrance. E-USSR, umuntu owasekhaya waqanjwa ngegama Ngaphakathi.
Incazelo nezici
Umbala wale nyoni endle uvame ukuba mnyama ngombala, kuphela kwezinye izindawo kushibilika izimpaphe ezimhlophe. Inyoni yasekhaya nenhle kakhulu. Inkudlwana kunaleyo yasendle. Kunemibala emnyama, emhlophe, emnyama enamaphiko amhlophe, ama-fawn, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nemibala ushokoledi.
Yonke imibala ifakiwe njengokujwayelekile. Kukhona nemibala ehlanganisiwe, engakhombisa ubukhona bokungcola, kepha futhi kuvunyelwe nezinkambiso. Imibala yakhiwa hhayi ngenxa yokuzalaniswa, kepha ezingeni lofuzo, lapho kuzalaniswa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene.
Ekhanda, ngenhla komlomo nasendaweni yamehlo, abantu bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane banokukhula okubomvu okuyinyama ("warts" noma "coral"). Ngasizathu simbe, bekukholelwa ukuthi lo mmeleli wedada uvele ngenxa yokuwela amakalikuni namadada.
Mhlawumbe, le nguqulo "yacasulwa" ukukhula okukhulu kwesikhumba esibomvu ekhanda labesilisa nabesifazane. Kepha akayona i-hybrid futhi akahlangene nakancane ne-turkey. Ubudlelwano bakhe naye buyafana nobendlwane nondlunkulu - bobabili banezimpaphe. Mhlawumbe bahlobene kuphela ngendawo yezwe labo lomlando - bobabili baseMelika.
Owesifazane ongaphakathi endlini esithombeni sifana nesikebhe esincane esicocekile. Uyisidwedwe futhi uyaxakaniseka. Le nyoni inentamo emfushane, isifuba esibanzi, izimpiko ezinde nezinamandla, imilenze emifushane. Ngemuva kuqondile futhi kubanzi. Izimpiko zingena ziqine emzimbeni.
Abantu abadala bangandiza. AmaDrake anezimpawu ezibomvu zesikhumba ezizungeze amehlo abo. Izici ezikhethekile zale nyoni zanda nge-thermophilicity kanye ne-immune. Abesilisa bakhulu kakhulu kunabesifazane. Insikazi inesisindo esingu-3-3.5 kg, owesilisa u-4-6 kg.
Izinhlobo
Ukuhlelwa kwedada ibhizinisi elixakile nelididayo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi u-Aristotle waqala ukuyifunda. Futhi usacindezela abalindi bezinyoni ezingxoxweni zesayensi. Idada lithambekele ekuhlanganisweni, yingakho ukuvela okujwayelekile kwamafomu amasha.
Idada le-muscovy lime lodwa kule nhlanganisela, njengokungathi igcina ubumsulwa bozalo. Ngokwemvelo, cishe ayihlanganisi nezinye izinhlobo, futhi ngosizo lokukhethwa kokufakelwa, kukhishwe i-subspecies eyodwa kuphela.
Kusukela ekuweleni kwedada lesilisa le-muscovy elinezinsikazi ezifuywayo ze-Peking, iRouen ne-White alier, kwavela izinhlobo ezisezingeni eliphakeme ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ezibizwa ngokubizwa ngokuthi "mulardy". Bathathe izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zikababa nomama.
Bazalelwa ukulungisa okunye "ukushiyeka" kwe-Indo-female - ukukhula kancane, i-thermophilicity eyeqile, inqwaba yabantu abadala besifazane. Inyama yabo imnandi, njengaleyo yabesifazane base-Indo, abajwayele ukukhuluphala. I-Mulard inokuthula, ihlanzekile, futhi ngokushesha isisindo.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-2-2.5, zinesisindo esifinyelela ku-1.5 kg. Lesi vele yisibonelo esifanelekile sokuqalisa. Ama-mulards amadala anesisindo esifinyelela ku-4 kg. Baphatha amaqanda, kepha abayiniki inzalo. Ayinyumba, cishe cishe yonke inzalo. Isimo semvelo sokufukamela asisho kakhulu kunaleso se-Indo-women.
Imininingwane emincane yama-gourmets: isibindi salesi hybrid sikhulu kakhulu futhi sibucayi kakhulu ekunambithekeni. Emazweni aseYurophu, kanye naseMelika, ukukhiqizwa okuningi kwama-foie gras kuvela ku-mulard.
I-Indo-duck uqobo lwayo ngumndeni wedada we-oda lama-anseriformes. Izihlobo zayo zihlanganisa amahansi, amabhloshana, amadada, ukudilika kanye nama-swans. Uyayikhumbula idada elibi? Akumangalisi ukuthi wayedidekile nedada ebuntwaneni. Lapho ephenduke i-swan enhle, wahlala emndenini wedada. Ukudada amadada, ama-mallards, amadada asekhaya - laba "omalume nomalumekazi" wakhe.
Idada le-barberry nalo liyidokodo le-musk. Ibizwa kanjalo eFrance. Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo kwendabuko kwenyama namaqanda, inhliziyo nesibindi sayo kusetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zokulungiselela i-Oscillococcinum, ikhambi le-homeopathic lemikhuhlane.
Ubuhle nobubi bohlobo
Okokuqala, ake sichaze izimfanelo zabo ezibalulekile.
- Inyama yedada inciphile, iyanambitheka kangcono kunama-mallard namadada asekhaya. Inyama cishe ayinaso isici sokunambitheka kwezinyoni zasemanzini. Iyadla, ibomvu, futhi inamafutha amancane kakhulu.
- Kunomsindo omncane kunamanye amadada. Hhayi ukukhohlisa, ukuzola maqondana nabantu bakhe nabanye.
- Uqinile futhi akazithobeki, umelana nezifo.
- Ungenza ngaphandle kwechibi.
- Ukukhetha ngokudla.
- Idla ukudla okuncane kunamanye amadada. Futhi uma kunamanzi eduze, umthamo wokudla uzoncishiswa kakhulu.
- Amaqanda asendlini ezidliwayo, ezine-yolk enkulu namaprotheni aminyene. Zihlala isikhathi eside ukudlula amaqanda avela kumadada asekhaya futhi zihlala zifukamele isikhathi eside.
Okubi:
Mhlawumbe unenkinga eyodwa kuphela enkulu - ukhula isikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, futhi uvuthwa sekwedlule isikhathi. Abanye babheka ukukhuphuka kwakhe kwemvelo ngokukhulelwa komama kanye nesisindo esincane sedada lesifazane elikhulile njengobubi.
Mayelana nalokhu, singasho ukuthi ikhwalithi yenyama ihlawula amaphutha amancane kangaka. Azikubekezeleli ukuqina nobumanzi, kepha uma unquma ukuzitholela onobuhle abanjalo, kufanele ubanikeze izimo ezijwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, lokhu akuyona into embi, kuyiphuzu "lomgibeli".
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Inyoni yasendlini i-thermophilic, igwema amanzi abandayo. Ikhula kancane kunedada lasePeking. Lungisa indawo ukwamukela abahlali abasha ngaphambi kokuthenga. Uma uzithenga entwasahlobo nasehlobo, ungafaka ama-awning noma usheshise ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo ngokusenza sibhidlike.
Umbhede uzobavikela futhi elangeni, abakuthandi ukushisa okukhulu. Lawa madada ngokwemvelo awanalo inani elikhulu lamafutha angaphansi komzimba atholakala kwabanye abantu. Kwakufudumele ezweni labo lomlando. Ngakho-ke, eduze nobusika, kufanele uzilungiselele kahle.
Uzodinga indlu enkulu yenkukhu. Kufanele ifudumale ngokwanele, ilula, yomile futhi ivikelwe kwezinye izinkukhu nezilwane. Bathanda ukuhamba kakhulu. Benzele igceke lokuhamba. Ingaba yincane kabili kunendlu. Lapha bazothatha "ama-sun bath". Le ndawo kumele ibiyelwe ngocingo oluncane, futhi imbozwe ngenetha ngaphezulu kuzivakashi ezingamenyiwe.
Abesifazane abangaphakathi ekhaya ingaqukethwe ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Uma ungenalo ithuba lokwenza indlu ebanzi, ungabeka izinyoni emakhejini ahlukene. Zenziwe ngokhuni nangensimbi.
Amaseli afakwa ngamunye ngamunye, lapho-ke awathathi isikhala esiningi. Udonga lwangemuva lwekhheji kufanele lwenziwe lube phansi kunalolo lwangaphambili. Uphahla lwenqola engezansi luzosebenza ngasikhathi sinye njengethileyi lalowo ongenhla.
Unendlu yenkukhu. Uma isikhala sivuma, yenza indlu yangasese yama-Indo-girls ekhoneni elikude. Faka enye ingxenye yesitezi ngephansi elinezicucu. Indawo yangasese ingaba u-2/3 wedada lonke. Uma ngokuhlakanipha uyibeka kumahinji, kuzoba lula ukususa udoti.
Endlini, kunconywa ukubeka umbhede ojulile, ongashintshi. Ungayithenga noma uzenzele yona. Nsuku zonke, lapho amadada esephumile, bushelelisa obobulembu bese ubamboza ngosisi olusha, utshani obuqoshiwe noma ukushefa ngokhuni.
Kuhle ukufaka i-peat. Lokhu kuzoxazulula izinkinga eziningana: izinqubo eziqhubekayo zamakhemikhali zizokwenzeka lapho, ezihambisana nokukhululwa kokushisa. Uthola ibhethri lemvelo.
Izinqubo ezifanayo zizoba nomthelela omubi kuma-bacterium we-pathogenic. Umswakama omningi uyasuswa nge-lime ngokuwufafaza phambi kwendwangu entsha ye-chip ehlanzekile. Shintsha ngokuphelele udoti amahlandla ama-2 ngonyaka.
Ukuhlelwa kwangaphakathi kwendlu yenkukhu kufanele kube nalokhu:
- Okuphakelayo. Izinkuni zisetshenziselwa okuphakelayo okomile, insimbi - yezingxube.
- Izitsha zokuphuza. Bathanda ukuphuza kakhulu futhi badinga amanzi besebancane. Qiniseka ukuthi idada licwiliswe ngokuphelele emlonyeni womlomo.
Ukwengeza okubalulekile: abaphakeli nabaphuzi kufanele bahlelwe kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze udoti obazungezile wome.
- Izidleke. Kufanele zibekwe phansi, zimbozwe ngotshani obomile noma ngotshani. Shintsha lapho kungcola ngaphakathi, amaqanda kufanele omile futhi ahlanzeke. Ungabeka izindlu endaweni ephakeme, ngamasentimitha ayi-10 ukusuka phansi.
Ungazivumeli zingene emanzini isikhathi eside ebusika. Kodwa-ke, ziyizidalwa ezinama-thermophilic, zingabanjwa umkhuhlane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpaphe zazo zingafriza ngenxa yezindlala ezingathuthuki. Hlanza igceke, ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezahlukahlukene ezicwebezelayo.
Kungaba izingilazi zengilazi, izipikili, izingcezu zensimbi, futhi idada lifisa ukwazi kakhulu futhi ligwinya konke okucwebezelayo. Uma ufuna ukuba nokuthuthuka okujwayelekile kwezilwane ezisencane, ukuze amadada akho angaguli, futhi uma ungafuni ukulahlekelwa yizo, zama ukunaka lawa macebiso.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Idla ngokudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Kungcono ukwenza okuphakelayo njengenhlanganisela emanzi. Usika kahle utshani, iziqongo ezintsha, amakhambi, imfucuza yasendlini, uyihlanganise konke, engeza okusanhlamvu - kanti umashi ulungile. Bathanda ukuzitika ngommbila.
Ngaphambi, yini ongayondla nge-Indo-duck ibhali, kufanele uqale uliminzise, bese ulinikeza ngesiphuzo esiningi. Bona ngokwabo bangabamba izinambuzane nezibungu echibini elikhona. Yingakho kunconywa ukuthi ube nedamu elincane eduze. Noma umbe ngokwakho.
Lapho wondla, landela eminye imithetho:
- Musa ukubondla ngokudla okushisayo kakhulu, noma kubanda kakhulu udinga ukukupholisa ukudla ekamelweni lokushisa.
- Unganiki ukudla okuningi ngasikhathi sinye, ikakhulukazi uma unakho namanye amadada. Ungavumeli izimpi phakathi kwabo. Gcina ibhalansi ekudleni, faka okuphakelayo kwamaminerali, qaphela ubukhona bamanzi.
- Faka amavithamini ekudleni kwakho. Badinga amavithamini amaqembu A, C, B, D, E, K, noH.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Idada lasekhaya le-muscovy linamaqanda ayi-7-8 nge-clutch. Uzifukamela cishe amasonto ama-5. Noma, mangaki ama-indowits ahlala emaqandeni, ingabalwa kuze kube sosukwini. Izinsuku ezingama-35 yisikhathi esivame kakhulu.
Idada linomzwelo womama othuthuke kakhulu, libandakanyeka ekufukameleni ngomdlandla wokuthi okwamanje ungabeka amaqanda kwamanye amadada noma izinkukhu, amahansi, ama-turkeys, njenge-incubator yasekhaya. Uzowachamusela ngokungangabazeki. Imvamisa ayiphikisani futhi ihlelekile.
Isilinganiso sokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ngamaqanda angama-70-120 ngonyaka. AmaJuvenile aneminyaka yobudala engama-10-11 amasonto afinyelela cishe isisindo sabantu abadala. Amadada asendlini cishe zonke zichanyuselwa ngasikhathi sinye. Esimweni sezulu esipholile, kumele basuswe kunina kungakapheli isigamu sehora bafakwe ebhokisini elifudumele elomile, uma kungenjalo bangabanda.
Lapho ingane ikhula, umama uzomqhuba isikhathi eside ngokwanele, abanakekele futhi abafundise. I-Indoyut inezici ezithile odinga ukwazi ngazo. Uma amadada angaphansi kwezinyanga ezimbili ubudala egcinwe egcwele kakhulu, angakhombisa ubudlova nokudla abantu. Kubalulekile ukukuvimbela lokhu ngesikhathi.
Amadada asekhaya alahlekelwa amandla awo okuzala eneminyaka engu-7. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda nakho kwehla ngalesi sikhathi. Kepha uma ukwazile ukuthandana nale nyoni ehlakaniphile - yigcine njengomhlobiso, ihlala kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20.
Intengo
Ukuzalela ngaphakathi - ibhizinisi elinenzuzo, ngakho-ke kukhona inani elikhulu labafuyi. Udinga ukukhetha leyo ezimise ngokuqinile kule makethe. Ngokuyinhloko, bayayithenga le nyoni ukuze bakwazi ukudla inyama enambithekayo nenempilo ngokuzayo. Lokhu kulungile, ngoba uma wenza uhlu lwezinto ezizuzisayo zenyama, kuzoba kanjena:
- Okuqukethwe kwekhalori - 260-270 kcal nge-100 g
- Inyama iqukethe i-omega 3 acid enempilo
- Ukuba khona kwamavithamini B, azuzisa imisipha, enyameni akumangalisi. Phela inyama yalezi zinyoni yinyama yemisipha. Futhi iqukethe amavithamini A, E no-K. Kulokhu kuyacaca ukuthi ilusizo kubantu ababambe iqhaza kwezemidlalo.
- Okuqukethwe kwamaminerali afana ne-calcium, i-potassium, i-magnesium ne-zinc. Lokhu kuqanjwa kukhombisa ukuthi inyama iyasiza ezigulini zenhliziyo, iziguli ezine-hypertension nasebekhulile.
- Kunamafutha amancane kakhulu ekubunjweni, ngakho-ke kufanele kubhekwe njengokudla.
- Inamanzi amaningi kune-turkey, icebile kunenkukhu futhi ithenda kakhulu kunedada.
- Ukulingana okuhle kwamafutha, amaprotheni nama-amino acid.
- Inani eliphansi le-cholesterol
- Cishe i-hypoallergenic, kuphela amacala angajwayelekile okusabela kule nyama atholakele.
- Uma kubhekwa izinkomba zangaphambilini, inyama yobisi lwe-Indo ilungele bobabili abanesifo sikashukela kanye nabantu abane-anemia, yona uqobo eyinhlanganisela eyingqayizivele.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele futhi kwenziwe isixwayiso: Inyama yedada ephikisiwe iyaphikiswa:
- Ngezinkinga ngohlelo lomchamo.
- Nge-gout
- Ngezinkinga ngomgudu wamathumbu
- Ngezifo ezingajwayelekile, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla.
Kuvela ukuthi izinzuzo zale nyama zingaphezu kokulimaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyingozi kubantu asebephoqelelwe ukulandela indlela yokudla ngenxa yokugula kwabo. Kuhlala ukwengeza ukuthi yisiphi isabelomali osidingayo ukuzalisa lezi zinyoni ezinhle.
Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthenga amadada amancane kakhulu, izindleko zalowo nalowo zingama-ruble ayi-150-250, kuya ngesifunda. Uma amadada amancane evela ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ubudala - izindleko zingama-ruble angama-450-500 lilinye. Indo-Duck yabantu abadala ibiza kusuka kuma-ruble angu-800 kuye kwayi-1000. Abesifazane babiza kusuka kuma-ruble angama-600. *
Futhi "inqubo yokuphila": ungayikhetha kanjani inyama ye-Indo-female emakethe. Kufanele kungabi nalucwecwe oluphuzi, amabala nomonakalo. Isikhumba kufanele sibe yi-beige, siqine, singanamatheli noma somile. Ukuhogela, iphunga alikwazi ukungathandeki.
Ubudala obulungile benyoni efile izinyanga ezingama-5-7. Ubuncane bungabonakala ngezidladla eziphuzi, uqhwaku oluthambile namafutha asobala ngaphansi komsila. Inyama yangaphakathi ibiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-350 / kg * (* Amanani avela ngoJuni 2019)
