Incazelo nezici
Ukweluka ngesandla kungumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu odinga ukubekezela okukhulu nekhono. Abeluki, abahlanganisa imicu, badlulisa omunye wabo kuqala komunye, bese bewelula ngaphansi kwezansi kwesithathu, futhi, ngokuqhubeka ngale ndlela, baluka izixhumanisi eziningi ndawonye besebenzisa amafindo angaqondakali.
Nakhu ukuthi kutholakala kanjani imishini emikhulu yobuciko nobuciko obenziwe ngabantu. Ngubani owayengacabanga ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe buqondiswe kahle ngabancane umeluki wezinyoni, owawubizwa ngale ndlela ngale ndlela.
Kuliqiniso, izinyoni, ezimele wonke umndeni wabeluki, zakha indalo yazo hhayi ngentambo yokufakelwa, kepha ngezintambo zezitshalo. Futhi izingcweti ezinamaphiko aziluki ngokuqinisekile hhayi izingubo imvelo ezibanikeze zona. Impahla yabo yezimpaphe, vele, ayinakubizwa ngokuthi iyakhazimula kakhulu.
Imvamisa inesizotha kakhulu futhi igcwele imithunzi e-grey, ensundu nokumnyama, kwesinye isikhathi ihlanjululwa ngamachashazi amancane ahlukahlukene, futhi izinhlobo ezithile kuphela ezinezindawo ezikhanyayo zemibala ebomvu, eluhlaza okotshani nephuzi. Kodwa le nyoni ayidingi ikhabethe, ngakho-ke ibopha izindlu - izidleke.
Le nto intekenteke, intekenteke futhi inesibopho, ngoba kulezi zikhungo lapho izizukulwane ezintsha zendalo enezimpaphe zemvelo kuzodingeka zikhule, ziqala esifubeni sempilo yakhe yasendle ekhululekile. Ukushintshanisa izihibe nokuzikhukhumeza okuqinile, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngendlela echazwe ngokuqinile, izinyoni ezinjalo zakha izakhiwo eziphelele zezakhiwo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu. Kungaba:
- amabhola-obhasikidi (izakhiwo ezinjalo zakhiwe, ngokwesibonelo, ngabamele imaski nezinhlobo zomlilo zabaluki);
- amasokisi amade-ama-mittens (alukiwe ngabaluki be-baya);
- izitaki ezinkulu zotshani ezihlobanisa izihlahla eziphelele (zenziwa ngabeluki bomphakathi).
Konke lokhu kunamathele emagatsheni ohlaza noma ezihlangeni zomhlanga, elengiswa emoyeni, okungukuthi, eliphakathi kwesibhakabhaka nomhlaba. Kepha okuningi ngobuchwepheshe bokwakha izidleke kamuva, futhi manje okuncane mayelana nokuthi lezi zidalwa zibukeka kanjani.
Umdali "wezinqaba" ezichazwe emoyeni ufana nondlunkulu ngosayizi, kepha hhayi kuphela, kepha nangokubukeka, imikhuba, ukungezelela, ubukhulu bomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inokuningi okufana ne-oatmeal nezintaka.
Futhi akumangazi, ngoba zonke lezi zinyoni zingamalungu ohlelo lwabadlulayo, ngakho-ke zisondelene kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ngasikhathi sinye, kunezinto eziningi ezikhethekile nezizimele ekuziphatheni komaluki nangendlela yakhe yokuphila.
Lezi zinyoni zinokwakheka okuhlangene, okunaminyene. Ikhanda eliyindilinga lihlala entanyeni yabo emfushane. Izimpiko zihlanzekile, zincane, zingakhonjwa, kepha kaningi zinemigqa eyindilinga.
Izinhlaka zoqhwaku nazo zihlukile: it is arched and side, kepha imvamisa iyindilinga ngesakhiwo. Ukucula umeluki kufana kakhulu nomsindo wokukhala. Futhi-ke, lezi zinyoni kubhekiselwa kuzo njengezinyoni zezingoma - leli yigama le-suborder lalabo abamele izilwane ezinamaphiko.
Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zabeluki ezidume ngezwi labo elijabulisayo lomculo. Ezinye zezinyoni zenza imisindo engaconsi phansi yokuchofoza nokukhala. Kepha izibonelo ezivela kuhlobo lwe-finches nabafelokazi bepharadesi sebenobuciko bokulingisa imithwalo yamanye amalungu ombuso onezimpaphe.
Izinhlobo
Umndeni wezinyoni ezichazwe uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-272. Ngokuyinhloko, abeluki basatshalaliswa kulo lonke izwekazi lase-Afrika (leli yizwe labo lokuzalwa), kepha bayatholakala nakwezinye izindawo zomhlaba: eningizimu ye-Asia naseYurophu, eMadagascar nakwezinye iziqhingi zolwandlekazi lwePacific nolweNdiya. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bavumelane ngempumelelo nezimo ezihluke kakhulu, kepha isimo sezulu esishisayo esiseduze noma esiseduze nalesosimo sisengcono kubo.
I-Weaver, yize idlula ngosayizi, kepha noma kunjalo, uma sikhuluma ngqo ngokuhlukahluka ngakunye, khona-ke zingahluka kakhulu kumapharamitha. Abanye abameleli bomndeni abekho ngaphezu kuka-7 cm, okungukuthi, imvuthu yangempela.
Kodwa ezinye zikhula cishe zibe ngange-thrush. Imibala yezinyoni nayo ayifanele. Kepha bonke abeluki, ngaphandle kokukhetha, bangamakhosi avelele okwakha izindlu ngezinhlanga zotshani, amagatsha amancane nezinye izinto zezitshalo.
Umndeni uhlukaniswe waba ngamagatsha ayi-17 - isigaba. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe abameleli babo ngabanye. Futhi awukwazi ukufunda kuphela ngezici zokubukeka kwazo, kodwa futhi ubone vula isithombe someluki.
— Abeluki bomphakathi (ejwayelekile). Lolu hlobo luqukethe uhlobo olulodwa, oluncane nolungajwayelekile. Amalungu abo bobulili bobabili abukeka ngokufana. Izimpaphe zinsundu ngokukhanyayo noma nsundu ngephethini emnyama nemivimbo emhlophe.
Uqhwaku kanye nezidladla zazo ezimise okwesigaxa zinomthunzi okhilimu. Izinyoni ezinjalo zihlala ezindlekeni emakoloni amakhulu, zigcwalisa izindawo zaseNingizimu Afrika, eNamibia, eBotswana. Izidleke zazo zihlaba umxhwele ngokukhethekile, ngoba zifana nefulethi lamangqamuzana angamakhulu amathathu noma ngaphezulu.
Lezi zakhiwo zikhula zifike kumamitha amabili ukuphakama zize zifike kumamitha ayi-8 ubude. Izakhiwo ezinjalo zitholakala ezihlahleni, futhi kaningi, ikakhulukazi lapho isimo sezulu simanzi, zithola isisindo esinzima kangangokuba amagatsha awakwazi ukuma awe phansi kanye nezidleke. Izinyoni ezinjalo zakha nezindlu zazo ezigxotsheni ze-telegraph.
— Umeluki weVelvet - elinye igama lohlobo, okubandakanya izinhlobo ezingaba yishumi nambili. Enye yazo, ethakazelisa kakhulu, ngumluki womlilo, onengubo yezimpaphe ekhanyayo futhi enhle kakhulu yomndeni wonke.
Isendlalelo sezingxenye zomzimba eziyinhloko, eziphawuleka kakhulu kulezi zinyoni ziphuzi ngombala obomvu. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, uhhafu wesilisa wemininingwane ecacisiwe yengubo iba bomvu noma ubomvu-orange, okungukuthi, njengoba igama lisho - ngomlilo.
Isisu sabamele lolu hlobo, kanye nemivimbo ngemuva nasekhanda, kumnyama. Lezi zidalwa zinobukhulu obungamasentimitha ayi-13. Ziyathanda ukukhombisa amakhono azo okuzwakalisa izwi, ngakho-ke zibhala i-tweet usuku lonke.
Bahlala emigodini yase-Afrika, ejwayelekile eSeychelles, eMauritius, eMadagascar. Lezi zinyoni zakha izidleke zazo ngotshani obude eduze kwemizimba yamanzi, ezihlahleni zomhlanga, ngaphezu kwalokho, ekutshalweni komoba nommbila.
— Ondlunkulu be-weaver itholakala ikakhulu eKenya. Bahlekisa kakhulu, banesimo sokuzijabulisa, okwenza umuntu akhange kubo. Ngakho-ke, bathanjiswa kalula futhi bahlobisa amakhaya wabathandi bemvelo. Izimpaphe zazo zinombala onsundu ngokumpunga, amashiya nesifuba kugqamile kumhlophe. Izinyoni ezinjalo zifana kakhulu nezindlunkulu, ezihambisana negama, zikhulu kuphela ngosayizi.
— I-malimbus enamaphiko abomvu... Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa uhlobo olulodwa lwegama elifanayo. Igama layo lesiRashiya, elingajwayelekile ngandlela thile, alihambelani nezici zangaphandle zabameleli balo. Isici esigqamayo sengxenye yesilisa indawo ebomvu, ebukeka njengesitokisi esifihla ikhanda futhi sifinyelele entanyeni.
Uqhwaku nezidladla zabesilisa zicishe zifane ngombala. Kodwa izimpiko zazo azibomvu nhlobo, kepha ziphawulwe ngemigqa emnyama endaweni engemuva ephuzi, isisu nesifuba sayo kumhlophe qwa. Isembatho sabesifazane sinesizotha kakhulu futhi sigcwele imithunzi empunga nemnyama.
Futhi kuphela "ikhanda eligcinwayo" nezinye izindawo zamaphiko eziphuzi. Izinyoni ezinjalo zivamile emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlobo eziningi emndenini, zibukeka zide, zizacile futhi zizacile.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Izilwane zezakhamizi zasemhlabeni zazinolwazi lobuciko bokwakha ngisho nangaphambi kokuba umuntu avele. Futhi ngasinye salezi zakhiwo, esakhiwe izinambuzane, izilwane nezinyoni, sihlukile, siyamangalisa futhi sikhethe ngokuphelele. Isidleke sikaWeaver kungathathwa njengesinye sezimangaliso zomhlaba omkhulu owakhiwe izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.
Ukuma kwezakhiwo ezinjalo sekuvele kushiwo, kepha kuphela ngokujwayelekile, ngoba, ngaphezu kwalokhu osekukhonjisiwe, bangathatha isimo samashubhu ahlanganisiwe, abe yi-oval futhi amise okwamapheya. Kepha kukhona nezinhlobo ezenza izindlu zazo zibe semadwaleni, emigodini yabanye abantu nasemigodini yezihlahla, ngaleyo ndlela zifihle indawo yazo yokuhlala ezitheni.
Izindlu ezizenzele zinezicabha zangaphambili, izindonga nophahla oluphephile, konke njengoba kulindelwe ezindlini ezihloniphekile. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwazo yiziqu zotshani nezicucu zamaqabunga, athungwe ngendlela ekhethekile.
Ngakho-ke, lokhu kwakhiwa kuhlala kuqala ngezikhala. Lapha umaluki ulinganisa futhi asike, esebenzisa iso lakhe noqhwaku kuphela njengamathuluzi. Owokugcina, endizeni, ubamba umucu, ngokwesibonelo, eqabungeni lesundu, futhi aqhubeke nokunyakaza emoyeni, adabule ingxenye yosayizi ofanele.
Uma indlu ilukiwe ngemicu yotshani, okokuqala-ke kwenziwa indandatho eminyene eqondile - ifreyimu. Iyabe isiyelula ngaphambi kokuba ibe yipatch noma isikhwama esiyindilinga esiyindilinga. Lokhu kunikeza indlu udonga lwangemuva. Ngemuva kwalokho ingxenye engaphambili ilukiwe kusuka kumicu yesitshalo, futhi itheku likhona ngezansi.
Kubalulekile ukulenza likhulu ngokwanele ukuthi umeluki angene, kodwa hhayi kakhulu ukuze ungaphuthelwa izinyoni ezinkulu ezidla inyama. Kwesinye isikhathi ifreyimu engunxantathu isebenza njengesisekelo sesakhiwo, ingxenye yaso eboshwe ngamafindo akhethekile ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene (njengoba wazi, zintathu zazo).
Into ebaluleke kakhulu engxenyeni yesilisa, ebambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwezidleke phakathi kwalabo abeluka indwangu, ukubopha ifindo lokuqala ngempumelelo. Ngenxa yalokhu, le nyoni ifuna igatsha elincanyana elifanele, futhi kuboshelwe isiqu eside esinotshani.
Ngisho nalo msebenzi omncane awudingi nje ubuciko obuningi, kepha ngokufanele ungathathwa njengobophezelekile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, wonke amanye ama-node asuselwa ku-initial. Futhi uma wenza okuthile okungalungile, wonke umsebenzi uzokwehla ngomsele. Kancane kancane, izibopho ziya ngokuya zanda, futhi yile ndlela ubuciko bobuciko obuvela ngayo.
Futhi kuphela ngemuva kokuba indlu isilungile ngokuyisisekelo, insikazi ixhunywe emsebenzini, ebandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwenduduzo yangaphakathi esidlekeni. Uhlomisa uphahla, akwenze kungangeni elangeni elishisayo lasezindaweni ezishisayo, futhi futhi ufaka phansi izinto ezithambile.
Bonke abaluki bezinhlobonhlobo ezifanayo benza ukwakheka kwesidleke nokwakhiwa okufanayo. Bafundiswa lokhu ngumzwelo wemvelo obenza ukuthi bakhe ama-ensembles ezakhiwo, bahlangane ngesifiso esisodwa esingokomoya.
Isibonelo, izinyoni ezihlala emakoloni amakhulu ezigqokeni ziyakwazi ukwakha izidleke eziyikhulu esihlahleni esisodwa somtholo noma sommbila, okuthi, lapho zimiswa emagatsheni, ziqhele kude, zibe njengezithelo ezinkulu ezivuthiwe.
Akubona bonke abeluki abahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, amanye amalungu omndeni ajwayele impilo ezindaweni ezifudumele. Lokhu kubandakanya izinhlobo zasendlunkulu zasensimini nezendlu (nazo zibhekwa njengabaluki). Ububanzi babo buqhubekela phambili ngasenyakatho, lapho bona, kodwa kuphela endaweni yabantu, bekwazi ukusinda ngisho nasendaweni eseduze ne-Arctic Circle.
Abantu baphinde banikela ekusabalaleni kwalezi zinyoni kwezinye izindawo zeplanethi: eziqhingini zase-Atlantic nasezindaweni ezikude zeNew World. Ukusondela kwendawo yokuhlala kwabantu kubaluleke kakhulu kubaluki abakhokhiswa i-wax abahlala e-Asia nase-Afrika. Ezinye izinhlobo zihlela izindlu zazo ngqo ophahleni lwezakhiwo zokuhlala emadolobheni nasemadolobhaneni.
Ngokuvamile, lezi zinyoni aziboshelwe kunoma yiziphi izimo zokuphila ezikhethekile. Zikhona ngempumelelo emapulazini, ogwini olunamaxhaphozi nolwemifula, ezingwadule nasezintabeni, emaphethelweni amahlathi, ezintabeni nasemathafeni.
Ngokwemvelo, lezi zidalwa ezinamaphiko zihamba futhi zinemikhuba eminingi ethakazelisa kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuzigcina zombili endalweni nasekuthunjweni, ngoba izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoni ezinjalo ziye zafuywa ngempumelelo futhi zihlala ezigodlweni zabantu.
Ukudla okunomsoco
E-Afrika, okungukuthi, ezweni lezinyoni, umeluki kubhekwe njengesilokazane esibuhlungu. Futhi hhayi ngeze, ngoba izinyoni ezinjalo zikwazi ukumunca cishe isigamu sesivuno sokusanhlamvu esitshalwe kuleli zwekazi.
Kulokhu, singaphetha kalula ukuthi lo mmeleli wezilwane ezinamaphiko uyisidalwa esidla imifino. Ngaphezu kokusanhlamvu, lezi zinyoni zidla amajikijolo nembewu. Futhi kuphela ezinye izinhlobo ezifuna ukwehlukanisa imenyu yazo ngokungeza izinambuzane kuyo.
Kuvele kube lula ukondla izilwane ezifuywayo ezihlekisayo ekhaya. Lapha, kungasetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zembewu, isibonelo, ifilakisi, i-rapeseed, ulethisi, utshani bemifula. Kepha lokhu kwenzelwa izingane, kanti izinhlobo ezinkulu zidla ubhekilanga nembewu ye-hemp.
Izinyoni ezinjalo zithanda ukunambitha ikakhulukazi okusanhlamvu oku-mogar, naku-chumiz chumiz. Ezimweni zasebusika, imbewu ehlumayo, amalahle, amagobolondo amaqanda aqotshiwe afaneleka kakhulu ku-vitamin kanye ne-mineral doping.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Kuyamangaza ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwesidleke phakathi kwabeluki kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakheni izintandokazi zokukhwelana. Ngemuva kwakho konke, abesilisa bajwayele ukumangaza izintokazi zabo hhayi ngokucula ngothando nobuhle bengubo enophaphe, eguqulwa ngokusobala ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Umkhwenyana onekhono uthathwa njengomona kumbuthano wezinyoni ezinjalo. Ngakho-ke, abamele ezinye izinhlobo, isibonelo, umeluki waseNdiya, ukuze kuzuzwe indawo yalowo okhethiwe, okokuqala, bambonisa izakhiwo zabo. Futhi abaphikisana nezidleke ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezilula banqoba nge-duel.
Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu kwenziwa ngezinyoni ezinjalo ngejubane elicishe lashesha. Cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu ngemuva kokuqala kwawo, umsebenzi usuyaphela. Ngaphambi kokwenza ukukhetha kwabo, abesifazane bahlola ngokucophelela "izimo zokuhlala" ezinikezwa okungenani amashumi amabili amasudi. Futhi labo bomnumzane abangenalo ikhono ngokwanele bahlala bengama-bachelors amadala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, insikazi ihlala ekhabetheni elithokomele ukuze ifukamele amaqanda ayo ayigugu, okuvela kuwo izizukulwane ezintsha zezinyoni maduzane. Kodwa-ke, isabelo sakhe asithandeki neze. Ngemuva kokuthatha indawo yakhe yokuhlala entsha sha, kungekudala usala yedwa.
Futhi isigamu sakhe sesibili esinamakhono sesivele sakha isidleke esisha somunye umfakisicelo, futhi ngemuva kwalokho singagijimela ukunakekela esesithathu. Abesilisa bezinyoni ezinjalo, noma ngabe bezomnotho, kepha lokhu akuvimbeli ukuthi babe nesithembu ngokukholelwa nangokwemvelo.
Ngokuvamile, kulezi zidalwa ezinamaphiko, ukwakhiwa kwamatshe kwenziwa kathathu ngonyaka. Futhi ngalinye lazo lingaqukatha amaqanda angafika kwayisithupha. Omama ngenkuthalo baqandusela bona bodwa, babafudumeze ngemfudumalo yabo cishe izinsuku eziyishumi. Futhi ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, kunqunu, izimpumputhe futhi azinakuzisiza amaphuphu abeluka... Kodwa zikhula ngokushesha, futhi ngemuva kwenyanga nengxenye sezivele ziqala ukundiza.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi ngesikhathi esibonisiwe abamele ezinye izinhlobo bavuthwa ngokocansi. Kodwa kwezinye izinhlobo zeziluki, isikhathi sokuvuthwa singathatha izinyanga ezifika kwezingu-8. Lezi yizinyoni "ezikhula kuqala", kepha azihlali endle isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu. Kuliqiniso, ekuthunjweni bangajabulisa abanikazi babo abanakekelayo isikhathi eside.
