I-oatmeal — inyoningihlala e-Eurasia nase-Afrika, ezinze eNew Zealand. Ayidluli ngobukhulu isihlobo sayo undlunkulu. Njengoba kutholakala yonke indawo. Wazi kahle konke okwakheka komhlaba kusuka kumatundra kuya ezintabeni zase-alpine.
Incazelo nezici
Ubuningi benyoni esikhulile buphakathi kwama-25-35 g.Amaphiko ajika avuleke ngo-25-30 cm.Ikhula ngobude obufinyelela ku-16-22 cm.Ukuvela kwezinsikazi nabesilisa kuyahluka ezinhlotsheni eziningi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Abesilisa banezimpaphe eziningi. Abesilisa bokubhincwa okuvamile banekhanda elinombala we-canary ngemivimbo yomnqumo nempunga enqamulelayo. Amabala anombala ofanayo atholakala esifubeni futhi anwebeka esiswini. Engxenyeni yomgogodla yomzimba kukhona imivimbo ensundu, engeyona umehluko. Umzimba yi-chestnut. Isifuba nengxenye ephansi yomzimba iphuzi.
Ekupheleni kwenkathi yokuzalanisa, kufika isikhathi se-molt yasekwindla. Isidingo sokubukisa siyanyamalala, abesilisa balahlekelwa ukukhanya kwengubo yokuzalanisa. Abesifazane nabasakhulayo baphinda umbala wabesilisa, kepha ibanga lombala lithobekile, livinjelwe.
Kukhona okuhlukile empilweni yokugaywa kwengadi. AbaseYurophu babathanda. Izinyoni zibanjwa ngobuningi futhi inqubo yokudla iyenziwa. Kungani zifakwa emakhejini lapho kungatholakali khona ukukhanya. Ubumnyama bunomphumela oyingqayizivele ezinyonini: ziqala ukukhipha okusanhlamvu ngamandla. Ezinsukwini zakudala, ukuze bafake izinyoni ebumnyameni, bavele bakhipha amehlo abo.
Ukuqedela i-oatmeal kungasiphinda kabili isisindo sayo. Okusho ukuthi, esikhundleni sama-gramu angama-35, aqala ukuba nesisindo sama-70. Bese ebulawa. Ukudla okumnandi kwaseFrance kudinga ukuthi le nqubo yenzeke ngokubamba iqhaza kwesiphuzo esihle: i-oatmeal icwilisiwe e-Armagnac.
Izinyoni ezimanzi otshwaleni zithosiwe ziphelele. Zibuye zimunce ngokuphelele. Ngasikhathi sinye, babamba i-oatmeal ethosiwe nge-napkin, ehlanganisa inqubo yokudla isibiliboco. Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi i-napkin iyadingeka ukuqoqa amathambo ezinyoni. Abanye bathi ngale ndlela isenzo sobuqaba sifihlekile kuNkulunkulu.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, izitsha ezivela ezinyonini ezincane zasendle zazingavunyelwe. Abapheki abadumile baseFrance baphikelela ekususeni ukuvinjelwa. Bafakazela isicelo ngesidingo sokugcina amasiko kanye nokulwa nemakethe emnyama ye-gastronomic.
Isiphetho wanikela inyoni indima hhayi kuphela izibiliboco, kodwa futhi uphawu. E-USA kukhona isimo sezinyoni - lokhu kuyi-Alabama. Ukuhlangana okungakahleleki kwezinyoni nabasebenzi kwenzeka ngesikhathi seMpi Yombango. Imifaniswano yamasosha ebutho labantu baseningizimu yayihlala ingekho, bebegqoka okungahleliwe. Ukuze bazihlukanise nabangabazi, babethunga amabala aphuzi, afana namaphiko enyoni. Ngakho-ke igama elingokomfanekiso lombuso.
Izinhlobo
Emndenini we-oatmeal, ososayensi bathole amaqembu amathathu:
- i-oatmeal Yezwe Elidala,
- i-oatmeal yaseMelika,
- ukubeletha kwe-neotropical,
- esinye isigaba.
Iqembu le-Old World bunting lifaka uhlobo lokuqunjelwa kweqiniso. Uma abantu bekhuluma ngokubhinca, basho izinyoni zalolu hlobo. Ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-41. Kunzima ukukhuluma ngamanani ngqo ngenxa yomsebenzi oqhubekayo wokwenza uhlelo lusebenze.
Ngokubheka imiphumela yezifundo zofuzo, kwenziwa izinguquko ezinkulu ekuhlukanisweni kwezinto eziphilayo, kufaka phakathi umndeni we-oatmeal. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zokubhinca kweqiniso abantu okungenzeka ukuthi bahlangane nakho.
- I-Yellowhammer.
Izwe lakule nyoni yi-Eurasia. Usefunde kahle zonke izindawo, ngaphandle kwezindawo eziphakeme zezintaba ne-arctic. Kwethulwe futhi kuzalaniswe ngempumelelo e-Australia naseNew Zealand.
Izinyoni zasebusika ngaphakathi kwezinhlu zazo, kepha abantu basenyakatho bangafudukela eGrisi, e-Italy, eMiddle East nasenyakatho ye-Afghanistan.
Ukucula i-Common Bunting
- I-Oatmeal-Remez.
Ukubuka kokufuduka. Kuzalwa emahlathini ase-taiga aseScandinavia, e-Europe, eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude eRussia. Ithuthela eningizimu ye-Asia ebusika. Umbala uhlukile. Ikhanda lowesilisa limbozwe izimpaphe ezimnyama umphimbo umhlophe.
Ukucula i-oatmeal pemez
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwengadi.
Ukuzala kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu, kufaka phakathi lawo aseScandinavia. Kutholakala e-Asia: Iran, Turkey. Ibonwe okokuqala eNdiya ngo-2018. Ekwindla, ihlangana ngemihlambi bese idlulela ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika. Ekuqaleni kwendiza, izinyoni zingabanjwa emanetheni. Ikusasa eliqhubekayo lezinyoni ezibanjiwe lilusizi kakhulu: ziba yisibiliboco esingaba khona.
- Ukuhlanganiswa kwamatshe.
Le ndawo isuka oLwandle iCaspian iye e-Altai. Ilala ebusuku ekupheleni kwehlobo. Imihlambi emincane yabantu abayi-10-20 indizela eSouth Asia.
- I-Dubrovnik.
Le nyoni izidleke kulo lonke elaseRussia, eYurophu. IScandinavia ngumngcele osentshonalanga webanga. IJapan isempumalanga. Ubusika ezifundazweni eziseningizimu yamaShayina.
Kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, i-International Society for the Conservation of Nature yayikholelwa ukuthi akukho lutho olusongela lolu hlobo. Ngo-2004 kwamenyezelwa ukwehla okukhulu kwesibalo sezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Isizathu ukuzingela okukhulu kwezinyoni ngesikhathi sokufuduka, izindlela zazo ezinqamula eChina.
Lalela ukuculwa kukaDubrovnik
- Ingadi oatmeal.
Uncamela amazwe afudumele. Ingatholakala eziqhingini zaseMedithera, emazweni aseningizimu yeYurophu. Kwesinye isikhathi ufika eCentral Europe. Njengoba izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele zikhethelwe ukwakha izidleke, izindiza zonyaka azijwayelekile ngalezi zinhlobo. Ogorodnaya oatmeal esithombeni ihluke kancane kokujwayelekile.
- Imvuthu ye-oatmeal.
I-oatmeal encane kunazo zonke. Isisindo sayo singeqi ku-15 g. Inemivimbo emnyama emuva nasesiswini. Njengokuqunjelwa okuningi, abesifazane banciphile kakhulu kunabesilisa. Izwe lomama le-crumb lisenyakatho neRussia naseScandinavia. Wakha izidleke ezindaweni eziphansi, ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, ezinamahlathi. Ebusika indizela eNdiya, eningizimu yeChina.
Ukucula imvuthu ye-oat
- I-bunting ephekwe ophuzi.
I-oatmeal inkulu ngokwanele. Isisindo sayo sifinyelela kuma-25 g. Izimpaphe ekhanda zimnyama, ngaphandle kwemivimbo yangaphambi kwebhande - ziphuzi. Yini enikeze igama kule nhlobo yezinyoni. Izidleke zaseVietnam futhi zichanyuselwa amaphuphu emahlathini e-coniferous futhi axubile eCentral Siberia. Ebusika, uthuthela eningizimu yeChina naseNdiya. Enye yama-oatmeal ambalwa angaveli eYurophu.
Ukucula i-bunting ephekwe ophuzi
- Prosyanka.
Okukhulu kakhulu kwe-oatmeal. Isisindo sayo sifinyelela kuma-55 g. Esinye isici sale nyoni ukungabikho komehluko ngemibala yabesilisa nabesifazane. Kusatshalaliswe enyakatho ye-Afrika, eNtshonalanga nase-Asia Ephakathi, eningizimu yeRussia.
Lalela izwi lamabele
- I-polar bunting.
Le nyoni ivame ukubizwa nge-pallas oatmeal. Ukuhlonipha usosayensi waseJalimane uPeter Pallas, owayekhonza iRussia futhi enza ucwaningo, kufaka phakathi izimbali nezilwane zaseSiberia. Enye ye-oatmeal encane kunazo zonke. Izidleke zaseVietnam eSiberia, e-Asia Ephakathi, eMongolia.
Ukucula i-polar bunting
- Ukuhlanganiswa komhlanga.
Le nyoni inegama eliphakathi: umhlanga bunting. Izidleke zaseVietnam emaxhaphozini, osebeni lwemifula egcwele umhlanga. Kusatshalaliswe eYurophu nasemazweni aseMaghreb. Abantu base-Afrika bayazala futhi basebusika endaweni efanayo. Abantu baseYurophu bathuthela enyakatho ye-Afrika. Umhlanga ukugoqa ebusika kungenza ukufuduka kokudla. Okungukuthi, uhlobo oluhlala phansi, oluyimizulane nolufudukayo ngasikhathi sinye.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Abantu abahlala ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esifudumele, esifudumele bahola indlela yokuphila emile, yokuhlala phansi. Kusuka ezindaweni ezinezimo zezulu ezinzima, izinyoni ziya eningizimu ekwindla. Uma kwenzeka kunezinkinga zokudla okunempilo, ukufuduka kwe-forage kungenzeka. Lokhu kuhamba kungenziwa unyaka wonke, kungakhathalekile isikhathi sonyaka.
Ngo-1862, ukuhlasela kwemvelo kwenziwa. Ukubhikisha okuvamile okuvela ogwini lwaseBrithani kwafika eziqhingini zaseNew Zealand. Lokhu kwakungeyona inqubo engahleliwe. Umphakathi wasendaweni we-acclimatization wawuzibandakanya ekuxazululeni i-bunting. Abakholoni babengenandaba nezidlakela zasendaweni. Ukuqhuma kwahlala ngokushesha kulezi ziqhingi futhi kwafika i-Lord Howe yase-Australia.
Bafika eziqhingini ezingaphansi komhlaba, kepha abazakheli. Ukuqhudelana okujwayelekile nakho kwethulwe ngenhloso eziQhingini zaseFalkland naseNingizimu Afrika. Ukuhlaliswa ngenkani kwezilwane kuyaqabukela kunikeze imiphumela emihle. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, abalimi baseNew Zealand babevele bebheka i-oatmeal njengenyoni yokulimaza ezolimo.
Ngaphambi kwenkathi yezimoto, ukuqhudelana kwakuhlala emadolobheni. Babengabonakala ezitebeleni nasendleleni yokuthuthwa ngamahhashi. Ngokunyamalala kwamahhashi, ama-oats anyamalala emadolobheni. Isibalo sezindawo eziluhlaza sehlile. Itshe ne-asphalt kwaqala ukubusa yonke indawo. I-oatmeal yayingenalutho engondla ngalo futhi ingenandawo yokwakha isidleke. Abazange balandele isibonelo samajuba nondlunkulu bashiya izikhungo zempucuko.
Kodwa-ke, abantu basemadolobheni bayakwazi ukuzwa nokubona lezi zinyoni hhayi emaphethelweni kuphela. Ingoma yezinyoni ikakhulukazi waziswa njengoba vocalist. Abaqaphi bezinyoni abangochwepheshe kanye nama-hobbyist anolwazi babagcina ekhaya, emakhejini noma ezindizeni.
Ngokuvamile, zigcina oatmeal abajwayelekile, oomhlanga, pemez. Owesilisa ngamunye, okulindeleke ukuthi abe nezingoma zezinyoni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ubekwa endaweni yokuhlala ehlukile. Kufanele kube ikheji elibanzi, elikhanyiswe kahle. Phansi kumbozwe isihlabathi esigeziwe nesishisayo. Ngaphezu komkhombe nabaphuzayo, kufakwa ithangi lokugeza.
Zondliwa ngengxube ye-canary, amabele, ama-oats ahlumile. Zonke izazi zithi izinyoni, ngaphezu kokutshala ukudla, zidinga ukudla kwamaprotheni. Ekhaya, njengesengezo, bathola izibungu zokudla, izimpethu, izibungu ze-zophobas nezinye izinambuzane. Ukudla okunjalo kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, lapho kwakhiwa amabhangqa nokuzalanisa amatshwele.
Ukucula i-oatmeal kwesinye isikhathi iba yindinganiso yezinye izinyoni. Abesilisa bagcinelwa ukuqeqesha ama-kenars nabanye abalingisi. Lapho kugcinwa i-oatmeal, kungavela ubunzima ngenxa yokwesaba kwabo.
Ukudla okunomsoco
I-oatmeal ilandela ukudla okususelwa ezitshalweni. Imbewu yamakhambi asendle isetshenziselwa ukudla: ibarnyard, amakhoba, i-wheatgrass, i-fescue nezinye. Izinhlamvu zezinhlamvu ezitshaliwe zikhangwa kakhulu: ukolweni, ibhali, i-oats, amabele nokunye.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulisa, ukuqhudelana kuqala ukuzingela izinambuzane. Babanjwa ngobuningi. I-oatmeal isuthisa amaphuphu kabili noma kathathu ehlobo. Okusho ukuthi, ukubhujiswa kwamabhungane, amacimbi nezinye izinambuzane kuhlala lonke ihlobo.
Ekwindla ekuqaleni kwangaphambi kwendiza, ukuqhuma kuqala ukondla kakhulu. Ezifundeni lapho kutshalwa khona okusanhlamvu, isivuno senzeka ngalesi sikhathi. I-oatmeal, evame ukuba yimihlambi exubile, izithola iseduze kwezinkambu ezingacacisiwe, izindawo zokugcina, imigwaqo okuhanjiswa ngayo okusanhlamvu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala ngo-Ephreli, ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo ngoMeyi. Eyesilisa iqala ukucula. Ikhetha njengesikela, izihlahla ezingashadile, izingongolo, izihlahla. Eqaphela insikazi, uvula amaphiko akhe, akhombise ingubo yakhe. AmaNestles egatsheni eliseduze kwakhe. Kulokhu, ukujwayela kungabhekwa njengokuphumelelayo. Ukuqhudelwa kungokwabesifazane oyedwa okungenani esikhathini samanje sokumatanisa.
Insikazi ibheka indawo efanelekayo bese iyaqhubeka nokwakhiwa kwesidleke. Ibekwe phansi. Endaweni lapho kunzima ukuyibona khona isilwane esigijimayo noma umuntu odlulayo. Isidleke silula - ukucindezeleka okufana nesitsha. Phansi kufakwe ubulembu obomile, utshani, izinwele nezimpaphe.
Isidleke Somhlanga
Lapho isidleke sesiqediwe, kwakheka umbhangqwana. Amaqanda ayi-3-5 abekiwe. Zimbozwe ngephethini yokufihla equkethe imigqa emihle emnyama namabala ombala ongapheli. Amaqanda afukanyelwa insikazi. Ubaba womndeni umnikeza ukudla.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-13-15, amadleke achanyuselwa, iselula, abonwe, embozwe phansi. Bobabili abazali bayabondla. Ekudleni okusanhlamvu okuvamile kwezinyoni, izinambuzane ezinamaphiko nezingenamaphiko zifakiwe. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-21-23, amaphuphu aqala ukuphuma ekhaya.
Kulesi sigaba, insikazi iyeka ukunaka amaphuphu: iqala ukwakha isidleke esisha. Eyesilisa yondla amaphuphu ashiywe ngumama. Kepha ngokushesha okukhulu bazimela. Kudlula amasonto amathathu kusukela ngesikhathi iphuphu liphuma egobolondweni, lindiza ezindizayo futhi londla.
Ukuqhuzuka okuncane, kungakhathalekile ubulili, kufakwe imibala efanayo, hhayi ngokugqamile, njengabesifazane abadala. Abesilisa bathola izimpaphe ezikhanyayo kamuva, ngemuva kokuncibilika. Ngenkathi elandelayo, izinyoni ezincane sezikulungele ngokuphelele ukuzala nokukhulisa inzalo yazo.
Amantshontsho e-Bunting
Konke izinhlobo ze-oatmeal amabili, kwesinye isikhathi imikhuba emincane yenziwa ngesizini ngayinye. Ukuzala okuhlukaniswe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwenza ukuthi kungabi kuncike kakhulu esimweni sezulu, ukukhokhela ukulahleka kwamaqanda namachwane ngenxa yezenzo zezilwane ezizingelayo. Kunezitha eziningi ezilungele ukubhubhisa isidleke: amagwababa, amagundane, izilwane ezidla ezinye. Ukubhejela kunezindlela ezimbili kuphela zokuvikela - ukufihla nokubalekela esidlekeni, ukuzenza isisulu esilula.
Ukubhuda kuphila iminyaka emithathu. Kuma-zoo nasekhaya, isikhathi sokuphila siphindwe kabili. Ukunakekelwa okuhle nokuba khona okungenankathazo kuholela kumarekhodi ngokuya ngempilo ende. E-Zoo yaseBerlin, abalindi bezinyoni babhale ngokufa kwebhande eneminyaka engu-13.
