Ukubukeka kukaMalusi waseHungary kuhlukile. Inja enkulu enenwele enjengeyentambo, efana nama-dreadlocks, ivusa isimanga, intshisekelo nokujabula. Ukuxhumana nommeleli wohlanga kuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane zihlangana kahle emndenini, kepha umsebenzi wazo wangempela ukwenza inkonzo yokuqapha. Umphathi - inja ngomlingiswa ongesabi, isilwi sangempela.
Incazelo nezici
Umlando wohlobo luye emuva ezikhathini zasendulo zaseBabiloni. Uboya obukhethekile busize inja ukuba ibe ngumqaphi ongenakuqhathaniswa - awukwazi ukuthola umkhuzi emhlambini phakathi kwezimvu. Lapho kuvela impisi noma ibhere, umlindi ohlasela isitha ngokungesabi. Ngokusho kwenganekwane, umlingiswa olwayo uzuzwe njengefa lokuwela izinja nezimpisi. Kunezinhlobo zemvelaphi ezivela ezinjeni zaseTibetan njengokhokho.
Abaphathi bafika eHungary nezizwe zamaPolovtsian (amaCumans - ngokwemithombo yaseByzantium) phakathi nekhulu le-XII-XIII. Kuze kube manje, inani elikhulu kakhulu labantu bohlobo lolu bahlala lapho. Bathola udumo maphakathi nekhulu le-16, lapho baba ngamaqhawe emibhalo yemisebenzi eminingi.
Kunempikiswano ngamagama ezinja. Eyokuqala ikhombisa ubunjalo bezilwane ezifuywayo. Igama lesibili elithi "komondor" lihunyushwa kusukela ekuhlanganisweni kwe-kuman-dor, i.e. Inja yePolovtsian. Uhlobo olungajwayelekile luzuze udumo emhlabeni wonke ngemuva kokubamba iqhaza embukisweni wezinja waseYurophu. Izinga elisemthethweni lika-1989 lifaka izici zeHungary Shepherd Dog.
Izinja zinomthethosisekelo oqinile onesisindo esingu-50-60 kg. Ukukhula ngama-60-65 cm, kwesinye isikhathi kunabantu abakhulu abafika kumasentimitha angama-80. Ngokubuka, izilwane zibukeka zinkulu ngenxa yoboya obukhethekile obugobelwe ezintanjeni. Umalusi waseHungary ubonwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni.
Isifuba esibanzi, isisu esinethoni, umzimba onemisipha enamandla. UMkhuzi ulokhu ephakamisa ikhanda. Amehlo ansundu amile okwe-alimondi, asethwe ajule, abukisise. Izindlebe zinobukhulu obuphakathi nendawo, ziyaconsa. Imilenze inamandla, izidladla ezinezinzipho ezimnyama, amapayipi ampunga, aqinile ngokuthinta.
Uvolo ojiyile ufana nomuzwa. Emidlwane, ithambile, kepha ukwakheka kwe-curl okuhamba kancane kuyiphendula izinyanda ezinzima. Ayikho ingubo yangaphansi. Izinwele ezingasilika azivunyelwe ngezinga lohlobo. Endaweni yamehlo, ezinyaweni, izinwele azinabude obude, ubukhulu obukhulu busemsileni, emuva okuphansi.
Umbala kufanele ngokuqinisekile ube mhlophe. Ukukhula kwejazi kuhlala impilo yonke. Ezinjeni ezindala, kunezintambo ezifika ku-2000 ezinesisindo esingama-7 kg.
Izinja zingabona kahle ngekhethini loboya. Imvelo yomqaphi ivumela ukuthi uhlobo lusetshenziswe njengenja yokubuka. Ubunjalo obuhlangana kahle buzivumelanisa kahle nemindeni, impilo ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni.
Uhlamvu
Umphathi waseHungary - inja enokuhlakanipha okuphezulu. Abanikazi bagcina izilwane ezifuywayo ezinamakhono okuqapha ezigodini zezwe, izindlu ezincane zangasese. Izinja ezilalelayo endaweni ejwayelekile ziyakwazi ukukhombisa uhlamvu oluzimele, ngomzuzwana wobungozi, zithathe isinqumo.
Ukuhlaselwa kwesitha kuyashesha. Ngisho nomphikisi omkhulu futhi onamandla akamvimbi uMelusi. Abanikazi akumele bashiye ama-Commanders bodwa nezivakashi. Ukuvikela izintshisekelo zomndeni, inja ingakhombisa ulaka. Kukholakala ukuthi kulula ukufika endaweni kamlawuli, kepha kunzima ukuphuma kuyo.
Ungahamba inja yakho kuphela ezindaweni eziminyene ku-leash. Inja ingasola inhloso embi - umuzwa wonogada uzosebenza. Isimo sengqondo ngomnikazi, imvelo yakhe iqotho kakhulu, inobungane.
Izilwane ezifuywayo zidinga imfundo kusuka ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuhlala kwazo endlini. UMkhuzi ngokwemvelo ulwela ukusungula eyakhe imithetho, kanti yena ulungile ekutholeni imininingwane emisha. Ukuxhumana nsuku zonke nomdlwane kwakha indlela elungile yokuziphatha, ethokomele wonke amalungu omndeni, kufaka phakathi umalusi. Ukudumisa, uthando, imisebenzi ehlanganisiwe iyashukumisa isilwane, kubangele isifiso sokujabulisa umnikazi.
Imidlwane kamkhuzi ukuvuthwa kancane. Isimo senja esikhulile sivela kuphela eminyakeni emithathu. Isilwane esifuywayo sigcina isikhathi eside ukuthambekela okwengeziwe "kwengane", ukudlala. Isimo sengqondo ngezingane ezincane emndenini sinesineke - babekezelela ngokuqinile imigilingwane nobumnandi bezingane. Umkhuzi uzosukuma njalo avikele ingane ngokungesabi uma isimo sidinga ukuthi abambe iqhaza.
Izinhlobo
Indlwana yaseHungary kaJozsef Bukowski "Karcagpusztai" yayiyisikhungo, ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwaqashelwa emhlabeni wonke. Isikhathi sempi saba yisivivinyo sokusinda, kwafa izinja eziningi. Abaphathi bakhonza ebusosheni, babamba iqhaza ezimpini zokulwa zeMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba.
Bakwazile ukusindisa uhlobo ngokusekelwa ngabantu bohlobo lomlawuli waseMelika, olwenziwe ngabokufika baseHungary esikhathini sangaphambi kwempi. Namuhla, inani elikhulu kakhulu lezinja liseHungary naseMelika.
Izinhlobonhlobo zabaphathi beqiniso bombala omhlophe umkhuzi omnyama... Ama-Metis awamele uhlobo oluhlukile. Baveza isifiso sabafuyi ukufeza ukubukeka kwabantu abanemibala engandile.
Izinhlobo eziseduze neBully zifana nomlawuli omncane. Idume eHungary njengenja yokwalusa, umngane omkhulu wabantu abakhuthele. Inja yaqashwa ukuba isebenze emaphoyiseni, ifune iziqhumane. I-Dynamic, iqinile, inezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvikela, uhlobo luye lwathandwa emazweni ahlukahlukene.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Umlawuli we-Breed esithombeni iheha ngokubukeka okungajwayelekile, okufana nethoyizi elikhulu elithambile. Ukuthola isilwane esikhangayo akulula. Ukunakekelwa okujulile kwejazi elikhethekile le-Commander kube yisizathu esiyinhloko sokwanda okuphansi kwe-Hungarian Shepherd Dogs emazweni ahlukahlukene.
Abanikazi bezinja badinga ama-shampoo akhethekile, isikhathi, ukubekezela, nekhono ekuhlanzeni nasekuhlukaniseni izintambo - akakwazi ukuxubha. Akuwona wonke umuntu ozilungiselela ozothatha lo msebenzi omude futhi oyisidina.
Ezinye izinja zidinga inqubo cishe kathathu ngonyaka, ezinye zidinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile njalo ngenyanga ukuze imicu ingahlobene. Entwasahlobo, ekwindla, inja iyachitha. Izinwele ezifile zihlala ezintanjeni, akunankinga.
Ngemuva kokuhamba, ukunakekela inja kufaka phakathi ukuhlola ubukhona bezinambuzane ezingene engubeni, ukugeza izidladla. Uma umphathi engcolile kakhulu, kuzofanela ubekezele ukuhlenga isilwane ngokuphelele. Kuthatha okungenani ihora ukuthola nje inja imanzi.
Ukomisa kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku ngisho nangokomisa izinwele. Ukugunda izinwele kukaMkhuzi yenza lula kakhulu inqubo yokunakekelwa, noma ngabe le nto ibaluleke kakhulu ezinjeni ezisebenzayo - zilahlekelwa ukuvikeleka esimweni sezulu, izidumbu. Okukhethekile isikele sezinja Commander enziwe ngensimbi yomhlabathi ngokukhethekile. Amehlo nezindlebe zesilwane sakho zidinga ukuhlanzwa njalo. Ngaphansi koboya, akwenzeki njalo ukubona ukungcola okungenile kubo.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Umphathi uyinja enkulu, kepha udla okuncane kakhulu - ivolumu yokudla ingu-1-1.5 kg ngosuku. Kufanele kube khona njalo amanzi ahlanzekile atholakalayo kalula. Ngokuvamile, i-Hungarian Shepherd Dog ibonakala ngokuzithoba kokudla.
Abanikazi badinga ukunquma ukuthi ukudla kwenja endala kuzoba yini - ukudla okomile noma imikhiqizo yemvelo. Ochwepheshe batusa inketho yokuqala ngenxa yebhalansi yokwakheka, equkethe inani elifanele lamaminerali namavithamini.
Inani lokuphakelwa lincike eminyakeni yobudala besilwane, imidlwane kufanele idliwe ngosuku:
- kufika ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5 ubudala - izikhathi ezinhlanu;
- kufika ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ubudala - izikhathi ezine;
- kuze kube unyaka - izikhathi ezintathu;
- ngaphezu konyaka - izikhathi ezimbili.
Ukudla kwezinja ekudleni kwemvelo kufaka inyama (inyama yenkomo, inkukhu), imifino, imikhiqizo yobisi (ushizi, i-cottage shizi), okusanhlamvu, izithelo. Awukwazi ukunikeza isilwane sakho:
- inyama enamafutha - ingangeni esiswini;
- amathambo - alimaza isisu;
- ubisi - kuholela ekugayeni;
- ushokoledi namanye amaswidi - kubangela izifo zamathumbu.
Ungathenga ithambo elikhethekile lokucija amazinyo akho esitolo sezilwane.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Abaphathi bakulungele ukukhiqizwa kabusha ezinyangeni eziyi-15-18. Kuyisiko ukukhwelana kwezilwane endaweni yenja. Ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-56-72. Akunakwenzeka ukubukeka ngokunembile ngesimo senja elindele inzalo. Kepha isimilo sakhe siyashintsha - umama okhulelwe uba nothando ngokwengeziwe, abe nozolile.
Uma inja kulindeleke ukuthi izale okokuqala, kunconywa ukumema udokotela wezilwane. Inombolo kadoti wokuqala imvamisa ingaphansi kokulandelayo. Ngokukhula, inani lemidlwane esanda kuzalwa lehla futhi.
Izingane zilungele ukudluliselwa kumnikazi omusha eneminyaka engu-45-50 yezinsuku. Umphathi wezinja uhlola izilwane ukuhambisana nezinga lokuzala. Kufika ezinyangeni ezi-3 imidlwane inikezwa yonke imigomo edingekayo. Isikhathi sokuphila sabaphathi yiminyaka eyi-10-12.
Intengo
Izinja zohlobo lwe-Commander luhlobo olungajwayelekile, ngakho-ke azikwazi ukushibhile. Izilwane ezingaphandle zingathengwa kubalimi abangochwepheshe. Intengo yokuzala komlawuli kuya ngezimpawu zekhwalithi yezilwane, ukufaneleka kokuzalela. Izindleko zemidlwane yamakilasi ahlukahlukene:
- show class - kusuka kuma-ruble angu-55,000, abantu ngabanye bangabiza kuze kufike kuma-ruble ayi-10,000. Imidlwane ehamba phambili evela kudoti enamathemba okubonisa;
- ikilasi lokuzalela - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-35,000 kuya kuma-55,000. Imidlwane enezici ezinhle zofuzo;
- isigaba sesilwane - kufika kuma-ruble angama-35,000. Imidlwane enqatshiwe kudoti, engayifanele imisebenzi yombukiso, ukuzalaniswa ngenxa yezici ezingahlangabezani nezinga lokuzala.
Izinja ze-Show class ziyabiza kakhulu, kepha abalimi kaningi abajahi ukuhlukana nenja eyigugu, ngisho nemali ephezulu. Ukuthengwa komdlwane kungumcimbi obaluleke kakhulu, udinga ukusondela kuwo ngokucabangisisa, ngokuqonda ukuthi uthengelwa muphi umdlwane womlawuli.
Ukuqeqesha
Ukuhlakanipha okuphezulu kohlobo kunikela ekuqeqesheni ngempumelelo izinja. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwakheka koqeqesho kufanele kuhlukahluka, kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela yokudlala. Abaphathi bavame ukuba nenkani ekuziphatheni, uma bekhathele ukuphindaphinda, abanandaba namakilasi.
Umalusi waseHungary ngeke afune ukulandela imiyalo umnikazi aze aguqule imisebenzi. Izindlela ezinolaka zokusebenza nezinja ziyaphikiswa. Ulaka oluphendulayo luzobamba intukuthelo yesilwane. Uthando, uthando nokudumisa kuyisisekelo semisebenzi eyimpumelelo.
Kusukela esemncane, ukuhlangana kwenja kubalulekile - ukujwayela izimo ezintsha, ukuxhumana okusha nabantu ongabazi, izilwane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umuzwa wemvelo wokuzivikela uzobusa, wenze inja ibe yingozi kwabanye.
Izifo ezingenzeka nokuthi ungazelapha kanjani
UMkhuzi uyinja eqinile ngokwemvelo. Kepha imidlwane ngayinye ithambekele ekukhubazekeni kofuzo kokujoyina kwe-hip. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesici kungenzeka ngenxa yokusebenza okungafanele komzimba. I-pathology ibonakala ngokuxhwala, ukuhamba okuphansi kwesilwane. Inja iba nobuhlungu obukhulu obuvela ekuxabaneni kwamathambo ejoyintini.
Inkinga iphathwa ngemithi yezicubu ezihlangene, kwesinye isikhathi ngokuhlinzwa - ngokufaka ilunga le-hip esikhundleni. Enye inkinga i-entropy, noma iphutha lejwabu leso. Inqubo yokuvuvukala kwe-ocular cornea yenzeka. Ukubukeka okuyingqayizivele kwenja kudalwe ngemvelo, kepha ukulondolozwa kanye nokuthuthuka kohlobo kuncike kumuntu.
