Ikati le-Bengal yisilwane sasendle nesilwane esifuywayo
Igama ikati le-bengal zigqokwe izidalwa ezimbili: ikati elifuywayo kanye nomzingeli ohlala ezindaweni eziseningizimu nasempumalanga ye-Asia. Ngokombala wazo wesici, zombili lezi zilwane zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi yikati lezingwe. Ikati lasendle laseBengal laqala ukufuywa eminyakeni engu-5 000 edlule. Lokhu kufakazelwa wucwaningo lwemivubukulo olwenziwa ezifundeni zaseChina iShaanxi neHenan.
Okwesibili ikati laba yifuye kwaba ngeminyaka yama-80s yekhulu lamashumi amabili. Isazi sezilwane saseMelika uMill Jane uqedile umsebenzi wakhe ekwakheni i-hybrid yekati yasendle yaseBengal kanye nomuntu wasekhaya. Ikati elixube elibizwa ngokuthi iBengal cat laziwa yizinhlangano eziningi ze-felinological njengohlobo oluzimele. Uhlobo olufushanisiwe lwegama luvame ukusetshenziswa: iBengal.
Incazelo nezici
Ikhaya ikati le-bengal elifanekisiwe ibukeka njengesihlobo sasendle. Ubungako buhluka kancane. Ubukhulu buxhomeke esifundeni sokuhlala. Amakati engwe ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo anesisindo esisuka ku-1 kuye ku-3.5 kg, ubude bomzimba buhluka kusuka ku-40 kuye ku-65 cm.
Umsila kuma-specimens amancane ufinyelela ku-17 cm, kuma-specimens amakhulu - amasentimitha angama-31. Lezo zinhlayiya ezihlala eMpumalanga Ekude, eSiberia naseChina zinkulu. Isisindo samakati aseSiberia Bengal sifinyelela ku-7 kg. Ubude bomzimba bungamasentimitha angama-75. Ukuphakama kuya phezulu kwehlombe kufinyelela kuma-42 cm.
Iphethini enkulu yesikhumba ihambelana negama lekati - ingwe ephrintiwe. Ekhanda elincane, elihlanzekile, elimise okonjiwe, kunemivimbo elula emincane nemincane. Amadevu, isihlathi nesilevu pads kumhlophe. Izindlebe ziphakathi nendawo ngobukhulu kanye neziqongqo eziyindilinga.
Isizinda esivamile soboya sinombala ophuzi ngokunsundu. Umzimba nezitho ziphawulwe ngamabala ahlukile emibala nosayizi ohlukile. Ngemuva, kutholakala imigqa engu-2-4 yamabala ahlanganisiwe. Isifuba nesisu kumhlophe.
Umsila ungobude obuphakathi nendawo, embozwe amasongo amaningi angaqondakali, isiphetho simnyama. Ukwehluka kombala kumakati asendle akubalulekile, kepha izinhlobo ezifuywayo zinamaphethini engwe ezimo ezihlukile, imibala kanye namazinga wokuqhathanisa.
Izinhlobo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamakati e-Bengal feral okwamanje kuyacaciswa. Ku-2017, okunye ukulungiswa kwedatha yentela kwenzeka. Njengamanje, sekukhonjwe izinhlobo ezimbili zalezi zilwane. Lesi sigaba besisuselwa kulwazi lwezinto eziphilayo nolwendawo, umehluko we-morphological, kanye nokuhlaziywa kwamangqamuzana.
- Ikati lezingwe laseMainland (igama lohlelo: Prionailurus bengalensis). Izilwane zalezi zinhlobo eziqokiwe zivamile emahlathini aseNdiya nasePakistan, engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeChina.
- Ikati laseSundaland noma laseJavanese (Prionailurus javanensis) lihlala eziqhingini: iJava, iBali, iBorneo, iSumatra, iPalawana, iNegros, iCebu, iPanaya.
Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezimbili, ama-subspecies amabili ahlukaniswe ngamayunithi azimele wentela.
- I-subspecies yekati laseNdiya (igama lesistimu: Prionailurus bengalensis bengalensis). Ububanzi bayo bunweba eNingizimu naseMpumalanga ye-Asia, kusuka ePakistan kuya eChina futhi mhlawumbe kuseNhlonhlweni yaseMalay.
- I-subspecies yehlathi lase-Amur noma i-Far Eastern cat (igama lesistimu: Prionailurus bengalensis euptilura) ivela eRussia Far East naseManchuria. Uhlala nasenhlonhlweni yaseKorea, eTaiwan, nakwezinye iziqhingi zaseMpumalanga Ekude.
Abanye ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo basebenzisa ukuhlukaniswa okudala kwamakati asendle aseBengal, lapho bekukholelwa khona ukuthi kukhona uhlobo olulodwa lokuphakanyiswa, oluqukethe ama-subspecies ayisithupha. Kwezilwane ezifuywayo ezinokuhlukaniswa kwentela, konke kulula. Okubhalisiwe kuphela bengal cat zohlobo... Kepha inqubo yokuthola ama-nzalo iyaqhubeka.
Kanye nokukhethwa okuhlosiwe, kuzalwa inzalo engahlelwanga. Ekugcineni, kokubili ukunyakaza, okuhleliwe nokungahleliwe, kufanele kuholele ekuveleni kwezinhlobo kanye namaqembu okuzala anezakhiwo ezingaguquki. Eminye imiphumela isivele izuziwe. Iphethini yengubo yoboya ingaba ngezinhlobo ezimbili:
- ibala, i-rosette;
- imabula noma imabula (kusuka emabeleni esiNgisi - imabula).
Imfuneko enkulu yesithombe ukucaca, umehluko ngokuhlobene nesizinda esijwayelekile. Kungenzeka umbala wamakati bengal eqoshwe yi-International Feline Association:
- i-tabby ensundu nesiliva (emthende);
- iqhwa sepia (iqhwa elinombala onsundu), iqhwa mink (iqhwa elinombala wegolide), isixhumanisi seqhwa (ukhilimu othambile);
- amalahle (amnyama kakhulu, acishe abe mnyama);
- okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Amaphethini avelayo nemibala yoboya yamakati ezifuywayo engwe akhuthaza abafuyi ukuba baqhubeke ngokuzalanisa ngale ndlela.
Uhlobo lohlobo
I-Wild Predator - lawa magama amabili achaza ngokuphelele bengal ikati uhlamvuukuhlala ngokukhululeka. Lapho kuzaliswa i-hybrid, abalimi ngokuzikhandla bayilahla imikhuba yezilwane. Kwaphumelela. Amakati engwe asekhaya awafani neze nokhokho bawo.
Uhlobo lwezilwane ezifuywayo luthonywa indlela ezigcinwa ngayo. Kunezindlela ezimbili ezivamile ongakhetha kuzo: efulethini eliseduze komnikazi nomndeni wakhe, noma e-aviary. Esimweni sokuqala, izinyane lekati likhula libe nokuxhumana, okuphathekayo nobungane. Endabeni yesibili, uthando lwenkululeko lunganqoba.
Nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuqukethwe, ezinye izici ezidlayo zihlala. Ubukhulu nokuhleleka okuphelele akuhlali kukhona endlini lapho kuhlala khona ingwe encane. Ngokusobala, lesi sidalwa asibafanelanga abangane bakagogo othanda ukuchitha isikhathi sokuphumula enitha.
Amakati, ngokungeziwe kokuklwebha kwendabuko, adinga ukufinyelela ezindaweni eziphakeme. Ngakho-ke, amashalofu aphezulu akumele aqukethe izinto ezaphukayo noma eziyigugu.
Okuhlukile kweBengals uthando lwabo lokuxhumana okuzwakalayo. Imvamisa purr, purr, growl, squeak ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngokuya ngemisindo eyahlukahlukene abayenzayo, bangompetha abasobala phakathi kwama-fining.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Ukunakekela ingwe yasekhaya kwehluke kakhulu ekugcineni ezinye izinhlobo zamakati. Inhlanzeko yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokunakekelwa. Iqala ngethreyi. Lapho ikati livela endlini, naka ukuthi lihlobana kanjani nokugcwalisa.
Ngasizathu simbe (imvamisa ngenxa yephunga), imfucumfucu ingahle ingalifanisi ikati, uzoqala ukugwema ugqoko, nayo yonke imiphumela elandelayo. Itreyi enezinhlangothi eziphakeme nekhwalithi ephezulu, yokugcwalisa okufika ngesikhathi izovumela isilwane ukuthi sikhululeke futhi umnikazi agweme izinkinga ezingadingekile.
Ijazi loboya lamakati aseBengal akuyona nje umkhiqizo woboya besimo, liyisibonakaliso sempilo yabo. Amakati alolu hlobo awanaso isigaxa sonyaka esaziwayo. Inqubo yokuvuselela uvolo ihamba kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, ukuxubha ikati kanye ngesonto kwanele. Noma yikuphi ukunakekelwa kwesilwane, ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwenhlanzeko, nakho kunokubaluleka kwengqondo, kuqinisa ubudlelwano phakathi komnikazi nesilwane esifuywayo.
Amantshontsho ekati angakhipha lapho eshintsha uboya bawo bomntwana abe umuntu omdala. Amakati amadala aguqula ijazi lawo uma esesimweni esicindezelayo isikhathi eside noma uma kwenzeka egula. Ezimweni ezinjalo, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kadokotela wezilwane.
Uma ikati le-bengal noma ikati akuhloselwe ukuthi likhiqize inzalo, isilwane kufanele sithonywe sisencane. Lo msebenzi olula uzokusindisa ekuhluphekeni okungadingekile kwezilwane nabanikazi bazo.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Amakati engwe ayizilwane ezidla ezinye eziyikhulu. Ukuzingela amagundane amancane, amagundane namagundane kungenye yemisebenzi yendabuko yalamakati. Amakati abamba noma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo esingeqile Ubukhulu bekati le-Bengal... Izilwane ezincane, izinyoni ngisho nezinambuzane ziba izisulu. Amakati asendle adla izindebe azitholayo. Izilwane ezifuywayo zikwenza ukuzijabulisa.
Amakati aseBengal awadlali ngezindondo zawo. Ngemuva kokubanjwa, babamba inyamazane ngozipho, bayicindezele phansi ngezidladla kuze kube yilapho isisulu sifa. Lokhu kuziphatha kungenxa yokuthi amakati avame ukubamba izinyoni, futhi ukudlala ngawo kusongela ukulahlekelwa yinyama.
Izindawo zokuzingela amakati asendle zingamamitha-skwele ayi-10-15. km. Emakati amakati asekhaya, indawo yokuzingela ifinyelela kuyo yonke indlu, futhi indima yezindebe idlalwa yinoma yiziphi izinto ezifanele futhi ezingafanelekile kulokhu.
Imboni yokudla yesimanje ikhiqiza ukudla okulinganiselayo kweminyaka ehlukene yamakati aseBengal. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe basikisela ukondla isilwane ngokudla kwemvelo.
Ikati nekati elidala akufanele kube nephalishi kwimenyu. Ama-Bengal ayizidalwa ezidlayo, imizimba yawo ayikwazi ukufaka okusanhlamvu nganoma yiluphi uhlobo. Inyama namathambo kufanele kufakwe ekudleni kwekati kungaphekiwe. Ukudla okuphekiwe kwamaprotheni kulahlekelwa inani lokudla okunempilo futhi kungadala ukucasuka kwesisu namathumbu.
Amathambo ama-tubular angesinye isitha sokugaya i-feline. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amathambo, amathambo namaqupha angumkhiqizo owamukelekile wobuhle beBangali. Uthola kubo i-calcium ne-collagen, ahlanze futhi aqeqeshe izinsiza zomhlathi. Intamo nenhloko yenyoni yisibonelo esisodwa sezakhi zamathambo zomsoco.
Izinhlobo eziningi zenyama zilungele izingwe ezifuywayo: izinkukhu, ingulube, inyama yenkomo, iwundlu. Cishe noma iyiphi inyama ebomvu nebondile iyafaneleka. Inyama emhlophe yenkukhu noma ye-turkey ayinalo inani elincane lomsoco emzimbeni we-feline.
Kuze kufike ku-30-40% wenqwaba yokudla kufanele kube yinto engekho emthethweni. Inhliziyo, amaphaphu, izisu zezinyoni kufanelekile. Isibindi naso siyathandeka, kepha isilinganiso saso akufanele seqe u-5% wokudla okuphelele: uvithamini A owedlulele ungalimaza ikati.Izinso zingumkhiqizo ofanele wekati, kepha zingavinjelwa iphunga elibuhlungu elivela kulo mthombo wamaprotheni.
Inyama ne-offal efakiwe kwimenyu ayiphendulwa inyama egayiwe futhi ayinikelwa ngocezu olulodwa. Ukusika izingcezu ezilingana nefulethi lebhokisi likamentshisi kuzoba inketho elula kakhulu futhi enempilo.
Inhlanzi akuyona ukudla kwemvelo kwamakati engwe. Kodwa izinhlobo zayo ezinamafutha zikulungele impela ukondliwa kwezilwane. Ifriziwe, ukususa ama-parasites, okuphekwe kancane, ahlukaniswe namathambo, izinhlanzi zivame ukubakhona ezitsheni zezilwane.
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokudla okunomsoco kwamaBengali: ukondla nge-mono nokondla ngengxube yenyama. Ingqikithi yalezi zindlela ilula. Uma kwenzeka ukondla i-mono, kunikezwa uhlobo olulodwa lwenyama esilwaneni ukuze luphakwe kube kanye. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunikezwa inhlanganisela yezinhlobo eziningana zenyama. Womabili la macebo avumelekile. Endabeni yokudla okunomsoco, kungenzeka ukuthi kunqunywe ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwenyama umzimba wekati oliphatha kabi.
Imifino engezwe ekudleni kwesilwane yandisa ukunyakaza kwamathumbu futhi ingasiza ekubhekaneni nokukhuluphala. Imvamisa lokhu kudla okungabalulekanga kangako esidlekeni kudliwa amakati ngenjabulo.
Ngenkathi ikati likhula, ubukhulu bemikhiqizo kufanele bube cishe yi-10% yesisindo sayo. Isilwane esikhulile akufanele sidle ngaphezu kwesisindo saso esingaphezu kuka-3-5%. Leli nani lokudla lingahlukaniswa kabili, okungenani kathathu ukudla. Ngokungafani nezinja, amakati kuyaqabukela edla ngaphezu kwenani lokudla akudingayo.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi sokuzalela amakati engwe yasendle sincike endaweni yesimo sezulu lapho zihlala khona. Ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezishisayo, insikazi ingazala unyaka wonke. Ezindaweni ezinobusika obubandayo obubandayo, amazinyane azalwa entwasahlobo.
Ukukhulelwa kuthatha isikhathi eside kunezinyanga ezimbili. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-65-70 kuzalwa amazinyane angu-2-3. Akunakwenzeka ukukhulisa inani elikhulu lenzalo ezimweni zemvelo. Amakati azalwa eyimpumputhe, anesisindo esingu-80-120 amagremu. Zivuthwa emasontweni amabili.
Lapho unenyanga eyodwa ubudala, ama-canine ahlala njalo, futhi i-kitten iqala ukudla inyama. Ezinyangeni ezintathu bakhombisa inani elifanele lokuzimela. Ekugcineni bayakhula bahlukane nonina lapho behlanganisa unyaka owodwa. Kule minyaka, izilwane ezincane zingaphila impilo ezimele futhi zizale inzalo.
Ukuba nekati elifuywayo imvamisa kuyindlela engeyona eyenzalo. Esencane kakhulu, izinyane lekati livinjelwe inzalo, eliqinisekisa impilo ezolile yomnikazi nokuphila okuthulile kwesilwane.
Ukuzalela amakati e-Bengal- lena yinkatho yabafuyi abaqeqeshiwe. Njengoba ifinyelele eminyakeni yobudala yezinyanga eziyi-8-9 futhi ithole isisindo esingu-2-2.5 kg, ikati liqala ukuzingela. Amakati avuthwa ngezinyanga eziyi-9-10. Isikhathi esinzima siqala empilweni yesilwane.
Ikati elifuywayo lekati livame ukuletha amazinyane angu-3-4, kwesinye isikhathi angaphansi. Inani elincane lamazinyane kudoti kungenxa yokusondela kwawo kokhokho basendle. Isikhathi sokuphila samakati asendle aseBengal asifinyeleli eminyakeni eyi-10. Amakati asekhaya ahlala isikhathi eside: iminyaka eyi-12-13.
Intengo
Amakati asekhaya aseBengal awuhlobo olungahlukaniswa njengokungajwayelekile futhi okungajwayelekile. Izindleko zezinhlobo ezithile zekhwalithi ephezulu zingafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni eziningana noma amashumi ezinkulungwane zamadola.
AmaKati akhanga ngokwedlulele futhi akwenze ufune ukuwathenga. Uma Intengo yekati le-Bengal etholakalayo, usadinga ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi silwane esisebenzayo sidinga ukuphathwa okulula, kepha okuyikho.
