Incazelo nezici
Wonke umuntu uyazi kusuka ebuntwaneni ukuthi uju ngumkhiqizo onempilo, onomsoco futhi omangalisayo. Akukona ukuwohloka, ukugcinwa kwamakhulu eminyaka, kuphulukisa ezinhlobonhlobo zezifo, kuqukethe isethi yezinto kanye nama-enzyme ayingqayizivele angenakubuyiselwa endaweni yezempilo.
Futhi, yonke ingane iyazi ukuthi uju ngokwemvelo lukhiqizwa yizinambuzane ezibizwa ngokuthi izinyosi. Le nto ingumpe wezimbali, oguqulwe ngokukhethekile, okungukuthi, ogaywe esigabeni esithile ku-goiter walezi zilwane ezincane ze-melliferous.
Cishe cishe izinyosi - izinambuzane ezingakhathali ekusebenzeni kwazo, zinganiki abantu kuphela, kepha nezinye izidalwa eziningi eMhlabeni ngomkhiqizo obaluleke futhi ongabuyiseki, futhi indaba yethu izohamba.
Inyosi – isinambuzane, enobukhulu obucishe bube ngamasentimitha ama-3. Umbala wayo unemigqa emnyama, eshintshana nezindawo eziphuzi ngokusawolintshi. Lezi zidalwa zimbozwe ngokuphelele izinwele ezenza imisebenzi yokuvikela futhi edlala indima yezitho zokuthinta.
Ngenxa yezinyosi, abantu bathola umkhiqizo obalulekile futhi owusizo - uju
Umzimba wabo uhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu, uhlanganiswe ulwelwesi olunwebekayo olunwebeka. Elokuqala yikhanda elincane; kulandele isifuba - indawo yomzimba inkudlwana; kanti isigaba sokugcina nosayizi ophawuleka kakhulu isisu.
Zonke lezi zixhumanisi zomzimba zibonisa kahle isithombe sezinyosi... Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zidalwa zinemilenze eyisithupha futhi zinikezwe ngamabhangqa amabili amancane, ahlukene ngosayizi, amaphiko axhumene ngokundiza ngezingwegwe ezincanyana.
Izinzwa zenyosi zithakazelisa ngokwedlulele futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi. Okokuqala, lokhu kufaka amehlo, lawo, eqinisweni, afinyelela ezinhlanu. Amehlo amabili ahlangene, abonakala kahle ezinhlangothini zombili zekhanda, akhiwe ngezici ezinhle. Inani labo likhulu kakhulu, lifinyelela ezinkulungwaneni zezinto ezincane kakhulu.
Isici esithokozisayo senyosi ukuba khona kwamehlo amahlanu
Kunamehlo amathathu alula, atholakala emqhele wesinambuzane. Futhi zonke lezi zingxenye zezitho ezibonakalayo zivumela inyosi ukuthi ibone ukukhanya okukhanyayo nemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Lezi zidalwa ziyakwazi ukubona imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nephuzi, okungeke kushiwo ngemibala ebomvu.
Izimpondo ezisekhanda labo zisebenza njengezitho zephunga, ngaphezu kwalokho, zisiza ukuzwa ukubanda nokufudumala, kunqume umswakama nokuhlushwa kwamagesi asemoyeni. Izinyosi zizwa ngemilenze yazo nangezinye izingxenye zomzimba. I-proboscis ende ekhanda iwavumela ukuthi aqoqe umpe wezimbali, futhi kukhona nezitho zokunambitha kuwo.
Izinyosi zise-oda elibanzi le-Hymenoptera. Futhi zihlobene, zineminyo efana nazo ngezindlela eziningi. Futhi, izintuthwane zibhekwa njengezihlobo eziseduze zezidalwa ezichazwe kanye nabafowabo ngokulandelana kwazo, yize zingezona ezesigaba izinambuzane, efana nenyosi.
Kunalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zezimpukane zibukeka njengezidalwa zethu ezinjenge-melliferous, ngokwesibonelo, okuthiwa i-hoverfly. Futhi inesisu esinemigqa esinombala osawolintshi, futhi ibuye ikhiphe i-buzz efanayo. Lesi yisibonelo esivelele sokulula, okuvame ukuchazwa yizazi zezinto eziphilayo, ukulingisa.
Okungukuthi, imvelo yanikeza impukane enjalo ukubonakala kwezinambuzane ezinobuthi, okuyinyosi, ukuze izivikele. Ngakho-ke, ngokubheka phezulu, kulula ukudida inyosi ne-hoverfly.
Izinhlobo zezinyosi
Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zezinyosi ezaziwa Ngokuphelele, kunezinkulungwane ezingaphezu kwamashumi amabili ezinkulungwane zazo emhlabeni jikelele. Zonke izinyosi zehlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ezifuywayo nezasendle.
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi abantu bebelokhu bezalanisa lezi zinambuzane ngoju kusukela endulo. Kodwa hhayi yena kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izinto eziyigugu: i-propolis, i-wax kanye noshevu okwelapha. Kepha kukhona emvelweni futhi izinyosi zasendle.
Zincane ngosayizi. Umbala wabo kufanele ubizwe njengowakudala, imithunzi yawo ayikhanyi kakhulu, kunalokho ithulisiwe, futhi imibala ikakhulu i-monochromatic. Isifuba se-savage sinegobolondo lokuzivikela.
Izinwele ezisemizimbeni yazo zikhula ziqine kakhulu kunezabanye abafuywayo, zidlala indima yengubo yoboya bezinambuzane, zizigcine ngezikhathi zesimo sezulu esibi nesimo sezulu esibandayo.
Ubungako bezinyosi zasendle buncane kakhulu kunobobufuywayo
Ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zombuso wezinyosi, kufanelekile ukugqamisa okuthakazelisa kakhulu. Futhi zokuqala ezizokhulunywa yizinyosi zangempela. Leli igama lomndeni wonke, okubandakanya izinhlobo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezinhlanu. Phakathi kwazo:
1. Izinyosi zezinyosi - izinhlobo eziningi zezinyosi ezinjalo zisetshenziswe ngabantu isikhathi eside ngakho-ke ziyaziwa kubo. Ekuqaleni, okhokho bethu ababekude kakhulu emihosheni yezihlahla bamane bathola indawo yokuhlala yalezi zinambuzane futhi bathatha uju kubo. Kepha kancane kancane baqala ukufuya, bezigcina ezingodweni, ezakhiwe ngamagxolo noma ezenziwe ngobumba.
Kamuva, baqala ukwakha izindlu zalezi zidalwa ezinesifo esibizwa ngokuthi ama-hive. Futhi basungula uhlaka olusebenziseka kalula. Kulula kakhulu ukukhipha uju kulokho kwakhiwa kanye namakhekheba oju aluqukethe.
2. Izinyosi eziyizimboni ziwuhlobo lonke lwezinyosi ngezindlela eziningi ezifana nezinyosi zazo zezinyosi. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba amakhulu amathathu ezinambuzane ezinjalo. Bahlala kuwo wonke amazwekazi aseNyakatho Nenkabazwe. Phakathi kwezihlobo zabo, bathole udumo lwababekezelela amakhaza kakhulu. Ngendlela, lokhu kukhulisa kakhulu amathuba abo okusinda.
Izinyosi ezinkulu zinethuba lokundiza ziyolanda umpe ekuseni kakhulu, lapho umoya ungakafudunyezwa yimisebe yelanga lentwasahlobo noma lelanga lasehlobo. Ngakho-ke, bangaphambi kwezimbangi zabo futhi baqoqa konke okumnandi kakhulu ezimbalini nakwezinye izitshalo.
Ingubo yohlobo ngalunye lwenyosi ihlukile. Eminye yayo inemivimbo ephuzi eshintshana nomnyama, kanti eminye iwolintshi noma ibomvu. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezimnyama ngokuphelele.
Izinyosi ezinkulu nazo zingabomndeni wezinyosi
Phakathi kwabamele lo mbuso wezinambuzane kukhona imidondoshiya yangempela, ephawuleka kakhulu izinyosi eziningiesikujwayele sonke. Isibonelo esicacile salokhu yizinhlobo ze-genach megachil. Futhi ubukhulu bazo buhlaba umxhwele impela, ngoba ubude bezimpiko zazo bungafinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-6. Ngendlela, lezi zinyosi azikwazi ukukhiqiza uju nhlobo. Bahlala emakoloni futhi badume ngolaka oluthile.
Umbazi wezinyosi osesithombeni
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Izinyosi zigxila kunoma yiziphi izindawo zeplanethi lapho izimbali zikhula khona. Bangumthombo oyinhloko wokudla kwabo. Futhi kungenxa yompe wezitshalo, njengoba sekushiwo, lapho lezi zinambuzane zikhiqiza uju. Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi ezimbali, lezi zidalwa nazo zibamba iqhaza elibalulekile njengabavundisi bemvelo nabasebenza kakhulu. Futhi izinhlobo eziningi zezimbali zomhlaba ngaphandle kwezinyosi ngeke zikwazi ukuba khona futhi zizalane ngempumelelo.
Bahlalaphi abamele basekhaya bombuso walezi zinambuzane - ku izinyosi zezinyosi... Kodwa izihlobo zabo zasendle zizama ukuhlala emigodini yehlathi, emigodini, nasemigodini. Uma isimo sezulu sendawo sincane ngokwanele, khona-ke isidleke sezinyosi sivame ukulengiswa phezulu ezihlahleni. Kwesinye isikhathi zitholakala phakathi kwezindonga noma ophahleni lwezindlu.
Izidleke zezinambuzane ezichazwe yizakhiwo zamakhekheba ezinyosi amile emaceleni amabili. Futhi ngaphandle kwabo, akunakwenzeka ngisho nokucabanga impilo yekoloni lezinyosi (okungukuthi, ibutho, njengoba lawo makoloni abizwa kanjalo).
Izinyosi zasendle zikhetha imigodi kanye nemifantu ezihlahleni ukuze zakhiwe
Amaseli anjalo akhiwe, anomumo ofanele futhi anokubonakala kweheksagoni, kusuka emakhilayoni akhishwa yilezi zinambuzane. Uhlobo ngalunye lwamakhemikhali ezinyosi anosayizi bawo abaqondile, imvamisa ahambelana nosayizi wezinambuzane uqobo.
Futhi abahlali besidleke njalo baqapha ngokucophelela ubuqotho babo. Okusha, okungukuthi, ekuqaleni, amaseli anombala omhlophe, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ayaba mnyama.
Lezi zinambuzane zihlala emakoloni, amalungu azo ahlukaniswe ngama-castes. Kepha izinhlobo ezakha umndeni wezinyosi kufanele zitshelwe ngokuningiliziwe.
1. Izinyosi ezisebenzayo yizona zinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zesidleke sezinyosi. Sijwayele ukubabona empilweni yansuku zonke lapho sisendalweni. Inombolo yalolu hlobo lwabahlali esidlekeni ingafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni ezingama-80.
Zenzani izinyosi? Benza umsebenzi oyinhloko, okungukuthi, bafuna izitshalo ezifanele futhi bakhiphe umpe kubo. Zonke izinambuzane ezisebenzayo zingabantu besifazane abathuthukile. Zivela ngokunembile futhi kuphela emaqandeni avundisiwe.
2. Indlovukazi - lesi sidalwa emndenini wezinyosi ukuphela kwensikazi egcwele. Futhi wonke amanye amalungu esixuku avela kuye. Njengoba indlovukazi inika impilo kuwo wonke umphakathi, usesimweni esihlonishwayo, ngakho-ke, izondla ngezinyosi ezisebenzayo futhi zigadwe ngokucophelela yizo.
Lokhu kungokwemvelo, ngoba ngaphandle kwesibeletho, amalungu omndeni asongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Abanye bayabona ukuthi umhlambi unawo ngephunga elivela kuwo. Uma lokhu kungabonwa, lokhu kusebenza njenge-alamu yokuthi isibeletho sesifile futhi kufanele kukhuliswe esisha.
3. AmaDrones ngabesilisa inhloso yabo ukufaka umquba esibelethweni, futhi abanayo eminye imisebenzi. Makhulu kunamalungu omndeni asebenzayo futhi avela emaqandeni angenazimbewu. Futhi ukudla okuningi kusetshenziselwa ukubondla.
Ngakho-ke, uma singekho isidingo sabo, ama-drones axoshwa ngonya ngamanye amalungu omndeni. Kwesinye isikhathi ziwela kwezinye izidleke. Kodwa ngesikhathi sokuqala sezulu esibandayo, lapho ukuqoqwa kompe wezimbali nokuzala okusebenzayo kuphela, akukho okunye abangakwenza ngaphandle kokubulawa indlala namakhaza.
Phumula izinyosi ebusika nabo baphoqeleka ngokuphawulekayo ukuthi bashintshe indlela yabo yokuphila ejwayelekile. Abafuyi bezinyosi banakekela ukunakekelwa kwezinambuzane ezifuywayo. Futhi abazalwane basendle bacwiliswe nge-wax ne-propolis bese bengena emifantwini.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Sekuvele kucacile ukuthi umkhiqizo obaluleke kakhulu odliwa yilezi zinambuzane uju. Kodwa ikhwalithi yale nto incike ezintweni eziningi. Isibonelo, ukuthi lezi zidalwa ezincane zasinda kanjani ebunzimeni basebusika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo lwesitshalo okukhishwa kulo umpe luthinta kakhulu ukunambitheka koju.
Kungcono kakhulu ukuthi laba bameleli bezimbali abaqukethe okweqile kwe-glucose, i-sucrose kanye ne-carbohydrate, ngoba izinto ezinjalo zifaka isandla ekukhiqizeni okusheshayo komkhiqizo. Futhi kuleli fomu, uju alunakudliwa ngokuphelele izinyosi.
Futhi ngisho nokuqoqa inani elikhulu lale nto, bayakwazi ukubulawa yindlala. Izitshalo ezingathandeki, ngokwesibonelo, zifaka phakathi isinaphi, iheather, ukotini nezinye.
Ezimweni lapho ukudla kwakho kungekhwalithi ephezulu, inyosi uhlupheka kakhulu. Futhi wonke amalungu esidleke angenwa izifo futhi azizwe kabi. Izitshalo zezinyosi ezinhle zifaka phakathi: i-apula, i-cherry, i-pear, i-willow, i-linden nezinye eziningi.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngokuya ngezimo ezehlukene zokwakheka, iquza lezinyosi likhipha ithoni yokububula ehlukile kwesinye nesinye. Ngakho-ke, abafuyi bezinyosi abanolwazi bayakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani ngaphakathi kwendlu yezinyosi ngemisindo yesidleke.
Umsindo wesidleke wenza ukuthi, ngokwesibonelo, kutholakale ukuthi izinambuzane ezingaphakathi kwawo ziyabanda. Ubuye futhi akhulume ngezinye izinkinga, ngoba isigaba ngasinye somndeni "sihlabelela" ngezwi laso.
Lapho abakhileyo esidlekeni sebezokwanda, benza nemisindo echazwe ngokuqinile. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amalungu esidleke ethatha isinqumo sokuhlukanisa imindeni emibili. Ngasikhathi sinye, enye ingxenye yalesi sihlambi indiza ihambe nendlovukazi endala enolwazi. Futhi ekujuleni kwangaphambili, kukhuliswa owesifazane osemncane.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe indlovukazi yesikhathi esizayo, izinyosi zakha amakhekheba ezinyosi akhethekile. Le "ndlovukazi" yomndeni iphuma eqandeni elikhulelwe. Futhi lapho iphenduka isibungu, iphakelwa ubisi olukhethekile. Kuya ngekhwalithi yokuphakelayo: noma ngabe inyosi eyisisebenzi ejwayelekile noma indlovukazi izophuma eqandeni lesifazane.
Ikhono lokuzala lomhlambi wezinyosi ekugcineni selivele libonakala ezinsukwini eziyishumi ubudala. Inyosi indlovukazi ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe unokuxhumana okuningi okuningi nama-drones. Futhi azibalwa ngisho ezigidigidini, kepha zibalwa ngezinombolo ezinamanani amakhulu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ubukhulu bamaqanda abekwa ngumuntu oqhubeka nohlobo lwezinyosi ngosuku luvame ukudlula isisindo salo esibukhoma. Kepha ngobudala besibeletho, ikhwalithi yenzalo iyashintsha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila, ama-drones amaningi ayavela esidlekeni, futhi lokhu sekuvele kukubi ukusinda komndeni.
Izinyosi ezisebenza ngokuvamile aziphili izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingama-40. Kepha uma bevela emndenini eduze nasekwindla, ngakho-ke, kufaka phakathi nesikhathi sasebusika, bayakwazi ukuhlala izinyanga eziyisithupha. Isikhathi sokuphila sama-drones sincane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, isibeletho singumnikazi werekhodi ngalo mqondo. Uyakwazi ukuhlala kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube yiminyaka emi-4.
Kuthiwani uma ulunywa yinyosi?
I-stinger yalesi sidalwa itholakala ekugcineni kwesisu. Inenothi ngenxa yokuthi lesi sinambuzane asikwazi ukusinda ngemuva kokuhlaselwa isitha. Inyosi inyosi unamathela emzimbeni wesitha, bese isidalwa esingenakuzisiza silahlekelwa yiso, esidala ukufa komvikeli onesibindi esidlekeni.
Kepha isisulu uqobo, esathola ingxenye yobuthi, sithola nezinkinga ezengeziwe ekulahlekelweni yizinyosi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, udosi lungabambeka esikhunjeni bese luqhubeka nokukhipha izinto eziyingozi.
Ubuthi balesi sinambuzane busebenza kahle kakhulu ekubunjweni. Ekuqaleni, isisulu sibuzwa ubuhlungu ngesenzo saso. Lapho-ke indawo yokufaka i-sting iba bomvu, bese kuvela i-edema engemnandi kakhulu, eyehla kuphela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa (imvamisa emibili noma emithathu).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zangaphandle ezingena egazini zingadala ukungezwani komzimba. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye inyosi kungasiza. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ushevu walezi zinambuzane ngemithamo emincane unikezwe amandla okuphulukisa. Ibulala amabhaktheriya futhi, ngaphezu kwalawo ayingozi, iqukethe izinto eziningi eziwusizo.
Uma umuntu ehlaselwe yilesi sinambuzane, kufanele aqale asuse udosi, bese elapha indawo ethintekile nge-potassium permanganate noma enye i-antiseptic. Ukucindezela okubandayo nakho kuyasiza kakhulu ekwelapheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi kunenzuzo, njengoba kwenza ukuqeda izithako ezinobuthi kusebenze.
