ILwandle Olubomvu ngele-Indian Ocean, ligeza osebeni lwase-Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Sudan, Israel, Djibouti, Yemen ne-Eritrea. Ngakho-ke, ulwandle luphakathi kwe-Afrika neNhlonhlo yase-Arabia.
Kumephu, leli yigebe elincane phakathi kwe-Eurasia ne-Afrika. Ubude besiziba ngamakhilomitha angama-2350. Ububanzi boLwandle Olubomvu ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili ngaphansi. Njengoba ichibi liphuma kancane olwandle, lingelangaphakathi, okungukuthi, elizungezwe umhlaba.
Izinkulungwane zabatshuzi zehla zisuka olwandle. Badonswa ubuhle bomhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi oLwandle Olubomvu. Abavakashi bayiqhathanisa ne-aquarium enkulu, ehlelwe ngokucebile futhi ehlala abantu.
Oshaka basolwandle obomvu
Lezi izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezibomvu zihlukaniswe nge-pelagic nasogwini. Abokuqala bakhetha ulwandle oluvulekile. Oshaka basePelagic basondela ogwini kuphela eziqhingini ezinamadwala amakhulu angena phakathi nezwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi oshaka basogwini, abavamile ukungena olwandle oluvulekile.
Oshaka boLwandle Olubomvu Ogwini
Ushaka ongumhlengikazi ungowalabo abasogwini. Igama layo livela ebungani bezinhlanzi. Kungumndeni wabashaka be-baleen. Ukuphuma okubili kutholakala emhlathini ongenhla. Lokhu kuvimbela umzanyana ukuthi angadideki nabanye oshaka. Kodwa-ke, emanzini anezinkinga, ukufana nabamele izinhlobo zamahlosi kungenzeka.
Oshaka abangabahlengikazi abahlali ekujuleni okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-6. Ngasikhathi sinye, abantu ngabanye bafinyelela kumamitha ama-3 ubude.
Ungahlukanisa umzanyana kwabanye oshaka ngokuba khona komqubuko emlonyeni
Oshaka be-Blacktip reef nabo bahlala ogwini. Ubude bazo abuvamile ukudlula amamitha ayi-1.5. AmaBlackfins angamalungu omndeni woshaka ompunga. Igama lezinhlobo zalo lihlotshaniswa nokumakwa okumnyama emaphethelweni amaphiko.
Oshaka beBlacktip banamahloni, bayaqapha, abajwayele ukuhlaselwa kubantu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ekuvikeleni, inhlanzi yaluma amaphiko namadolo abatshuzi.
Kukhona noshaka onamachopho amhlophe oLwandle Olubomvu. Kungaba ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili. Emaphikweni ezinhlanzi empunga, amabala asevele amhlophe njengeqhwa.
Ushaka okhonjwe ngesiliva nawo unamamaki amhlophe. Kodwa-ke, isiphetho sayo sesibili somgogodla sincane kunaleso somphetho omhlophe, futhi amehlo aso ayindilinga esikhundleni se-oval. I-reef shark iyatholakala nasogwini loLwandle Olubomvu. Inhlanzi ayinakho ukumakwa. Ubude besilwane bufinyelela kumamitha angu-2.6.
I-reef shark inolaka, ayithandi ilukuluku nemizamo yokuxhumana nabatshuzi. I-tiger shark nayo iyatholakala ngasogwini. Abamele lezi zinhlobo banolaka futhi bakhulu - kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-6 ubude. Isisindo sesilwane singama-900 kilograms.
Amagama enhlanzi oLwandle Olubomvu imvamisa ngenxa yombala wazo. Lokhu kusebenza nakwi-tiger shark. Ngeyomndeni ompunga, inamabala ansundu emhlane wayo. Kubo, lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi ingwe.
Omunye omele izilwane zasogwini loLwandle Olubomvu yi-zebra shark. Angaba ngaphezu kwamamitha ama-3, kepha abe nokuthula. I-Zebra shark ihlangene, inhle, ipendwe ngemivimbo emnyama nemhlophe. Oshaka beHammerhead, isiliva nenhlabathi, bayatholakala eduze nasogwini lolwandle.
Oshaka basePelagic boLwandle Olubomvu
Izinhlobo ze-Pelagic zifaka: i-oceanic, i-silky, i-whale, i-white ne-mako shark. Lesi sakamuva sinolaka kakhulu, asaneliseki. Inhlanzi ingaphezu kwamamitha amathathu ubude. Kunabantu abangamamitha amane.
Igama lesibili le-mako ushaka omnyama. Igama livela kumbala. Impumulo emnyama iba mide. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ama-subspecies amabili. Enye yazo yinde, kanti eyesibili inentamo emfushane.
UMako ungomunye woshaka abayingozi kakhulu emhlabeni
Kude kude nogu, ushaka omkhulu we-hammerhead uyabhukuda. Ngokungafani nalena engasogwini, ingaba yinde kunamamitha ayi-6. Isando esikhulu sinolaka. Kuqoshwe amacala abulalayo okuhlaselwa kwabantu.
OLwandle Olubomvu, ushaka omkhulu we-hammerhead unokushisa okunethezekile. Kodwa-ke, izinhlanzi ziyabekezelela amanzi apholile. Ngezinye izikhathi izando zitholakala ngisho nasezilwandle zePrimorsky Territory yaseRussia, ikakhulukazi, eJapane.
Imisebe yolwandle olubomvu
Lezi izinhlanzi ezidlayo zolwandle olubomvu Ingabe izihlobo eziseduze zoshaka. Ama-stingray nawo a-chordate nawo. Ngamanye amagama, amathambo enhlanzi awanamathambo. Esikhundleni salokho, uqwanga.
Umphakathi wama-stingray uhlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili. Enye yazo iqukethe imisebe ye-rhombic. Izinhlobo zikagesi zingezenye i-oda.
Imisebe yeRhombic yoLwandle Olubomvu
Imisebe yeqembu ihlukaniswe imindeni emithathu. Zonke zimelwe oLwandle Olubomvu. Umndeni wokuqala yimisebe yokhozi. Ziyi-pelagic. Zonke izinkozi zinkulu, zihlukaniswe yinhloko echazwe kahle, ziphazanyiswe amaphiko we-pectoral ezingeni leso.
Izinkozi eziningi zifana nse noqhwaku. Le yimiphetho ehlangene yamaphiko we-pectoral. Zisolwe ngaphansi kwesihloko sempumulo.
Umndeni wesibili wemisebe ye-rhombic yi-stingray. Imizimba yabo ifakwe imiqolo emincane. Umsila unelilodwa noma ngaphezulu. Ubude besinaliti obukhulu ngamasentimitha angama-37.
Ama-Stalkers - inhlanzi enobuthi yolwandle olubomvu... Ezinsikeni zomsila kuneziteshi okugeleza ngazo ubuthi. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-stingray ngendlela yofezela. Lapho ubuthi bungena emzimbeni, kwehla umfutho wegazi, i-tachycardia, futhi ukukhubazeka kungenzeka.
Umndeni wokugcina we-rhombic oda ubizwa nge-rokhlev. Kulula ukubadidanisa noshaka, ngoba umzimba wenhlanzi uthambile. Kodwa-ke, i-gill slits kuma-rochleids ingezansi komzimba, njengakwenye imisebe. I-rochly stingray iyabhukuda ngenxa yomsila. Eminye imisebe ihamba ikakhulukazi ngosizo lwamaphiko e-pectoral.
I-Rokhlevaya stingray idideka kalula noshaka ngenxa yomsila wayo osikiwe
Imisebe kagesi yoLwandle Olubomvu
Kukhona nemindeni emithathu kuleli butho. Abamele bonke bavame ukuba nemibala egqamile, banomsila omfushane nomzimba oyindilinga. Izitho zikagesi ezibhangqiwe zitholakala ezinhlangothini zekhanda lenhlanzi. Ukukhishwa kwenziwa ngemuva kwesifiso esivela ebuchosheni be-stingray. Umndeni wokuqala weqembu yi-gnus stingray. Kumenyezelwe futhi kubushelelezi oLwandle Olubomvu. Lesi sakamuva sithathwa njengesijwayelekile.
Umndeni wesibili wama-stingray kagesi echibini yi-daffodils. Lezi izinhlanzi ezihamba kancane nezingezansi. Awehli ekujuleni okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1 000. Imisebe ye-Daffodil ivame ukutholakala emigodini enesihlabathi nasemifuleni yamakhorali.
Ama-staffray e-Daffodil akhiqiza ugesi ngamandla afinyelela kuma-volts angama-37. Ukucindezeleka okunjalo akuyona ingozi kumuntu, yize kubuhlungu.
Ngisho nokuhlukaniswa kwemisebe kagesi kukhona nomndeni wamasawoti. Esithombeni sezinhlanzi zoLwandle Olubomvu kufana noshaka futhi kunamathambo aphuma emaceleni ekhanda. Ukuphuma kulungisa impumulo ende kakhulu. Eqinisweni, sikhuluma nge-sawfish.
Inhlanzi yomkhomo obomvu
Ama-Wrasses angumndeni omkhulu wezinhlobo ezingama-505. Zihlukaniswe ngemikhakha engama-75. Zimelelwa yizinhlanzi zombili ezincanyana ngamasentimitha amaningana ubude, nemidondoshiya engamamitha ayi-2,5 nesisindo esingabalelwa kwababili.
Yonke imicucu inomzimba ovundlile ombozwe ngezikali ezinkulu neziminyene. Omunye umehluko umlomo ohoxiswayo. Ibukeka incane. Kodwa izindebe zezinhlanzi zinkulu futhi ziyinyama. Ngakho-ke igama lomndeni.
KuLwandle Olubomvu, ama-wrass amelwe, isibonelo, izinhlanzi zikaNapoleon. Lona amamitha ama-2, omele kahle i-ichthyofauna. Ebunzini lenhlanzi kuneziqubu zesikhumba esifana nesigqoko esineqhude. Nakhu obekugqokwa uNapoleon. Kungakho igama lezinhlanzi.
Ungahlangana nomuntu ngesigqoko esineqhude eduze kwamakhorali asogwini. Inhlanzi enkulu yoLwandle Olubomvu unokuhlakanipha okuhlaba umxhwele ngokulinganayo. Ngokungafani nezihlobo eziningi, amaNapoleon akhumbula abantu ababenethuba lokuhlangana nabo futhi baxhumane nabo. Ukuthintana kaningi kuqukethe ukusunduza isandla se-diver ngokungathi ukuphulula.
Izindonga zoLwandle Olubomvu
In the echibini kukhona ikakhulukazi perches zamatshe. Zibizwa kanjalo ngoba zihlala ezansi, ziziguqula njengamatshe zilele phezu kwazo, zicashe phakathi kwazo. Izindwangu zamatshe ziyingxenye yomndeni wakwaSeran.
Iqukethe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-500 zezinhlanzi. Iningi lihlala ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-200, linamazinyo amakhulu futhi acijile, amaphiko ama-spiny. OLwandle Olubomvu, olwaziwa ngobuningi bamakhorali, ama-perches afaka:
I-Antiasy
Ngokuncipha nokukhanya kwabo, babizwa ngokuthi ama-perches amahle. Zithandwa ngama-aquarists futhi zivame ukuhlobisa izithombe ezingaphansi kwamanzi. Ama-Antiases, njengezindawo eziningi zamadwala, angama-hermaphrodites e-protogenic.
Izinhlanzi zizalwa ngabesifazane. Iningi labantu lihlala nabo. Idlanzana liguqulelwa kwabesilisa. Babutha izidleke. Ngokweminye imibiko, kukhona abesifazane abangafika ku-500 kuyo.
Amaqembu
Izindebe zabo ezingenhla zigxile ekhanda ngemisipha yesikhumba. Lapho umhlathi ongezansi wehla, umlomo uba yisigaxa. Lokhu kuyasiza, njengokuhlanza i-vacuum, ukuncela ama-crustaceans - ukudla okuyinhloko kwamaqembu.
Iqembu elizulazulayo litholakala kude nogu loLwandle Olubomvu. Ubude bayo bufinyelela kumamitha angu-2.7. Ngalolu sayizi, izinhlanzi ziyingozi kulabo ababhukuda nge-scuba, abakwazi ukubamunca, njengama-crustaceans. Lokhu kungenzeka ngengozi, ngoba abaqoqi beqembu abakuboni ukuhlukumeza kumuntu ngamabomu.
IBarracuda
Izinhlobo eziyisishiyagalombili kwezingu-21 ezaziwayo zitholakala oLwandle Olubomvu. Enkulu kunazo zonke yi-barracuda enkulu. Ifinyelela kubude obungamamitha ayi-2.1. Izinhlanzi ze-oda elifana ne-perch ngaphandle zifana nama-pikes omfula. Isilwane sinomhlathi omkhulu ongezansi. Iqhutshelwa phambili. Amazinyo amakhulu futhi aqinile afihliwe emlonyeni. Imigqa eminingi eyengeziwe emincane nebukhali iyabonakala ngaphandle.
Izinhlanzi ze-Butterfly
Bangabomndeni wama-shitinoid. Igama lihlobene nokuma nobungako bamazinyo. Zitholakala emlonyeni omncane, ohlehliswayo. Izimvemvane nazo zihlukaniswa ngomzimba oval, ucindezelwe kakhulu kusuka ezinhlangothini. Izimvemvane zivame kakhulu oLwandle Olubomvu. Kuyo, kunezinhlanzi eziningi, kepha ngaphandle kwechibi azitholakali.
Inhlanzi yopholi
Bamele umndeni ohlukile wama-perchiformes. I-Parrotfish ifake ama-incisors. Bakha uhlobo lomlomo. Imihlathi yezinhlanzi isongwe ngamapuleti amabili. Kukhona umthungo phakathi kwabo. Lokhu kusiza ukubhoboza amakhorali. I-algae idla kakhulu kubo.
Izinhlanzi zibonakala zimunca umbala wamakhorali. Ukugqama kwabantu abahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi kungesinye isizathu sokubabiza ngopholi. Ngokungafani nabantu abadala, i-parrotfish esencane ine-monochromatic futhi ayifiphele. Ngeminyaka yobudala, akuveli imibala kuphela, kepha futhi nebunzi elinamandla.
Izinhlanzi zolwandle
Zingeze-oda le-blowfish. Futhi iqukethe ama-sea urchins, i-moonfish namafayela. Futhi bahlala oLwandle Olubomvu. Kodwa-ke, uma amafayela nezinyanga zisuka ngasogwini, i-triggerfish ihlala isondele. Izinhlobo zomndeni zihlukaniswa ngomphebe ofihlwe esibayeni sesikhumba ngemuva. Iqhubeka ngesikhathi sokulala kwezinhlanzi. Ufihla phakathi kwamakhorali. I-fin isiza ukukugcina umboziwe.
Rinecants picasso
Hlangana kuphela oLwandle Olubomvu. Iyiphi inhlanzi ngaphandle? Iphakeme, yinde futhi isicaba ukusuka ezinhlangothini. Ikhanda lifana nonxantathu. Amehlo aphakanyiswe phezulu, axhunywe yimivimbo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka enwebeka ezinsikeni. Umzimba wezinhlanzi u-oval. I-caudal peduncle ihlotshiswe ngemigqa emithathu emnyama. Umugqa owodwa usuka emlonyeni uye emaphikweni esifubeni. Ingemuva lenhlanzi ngumnqumo, nesisu simhlophe qwa.
Ama-rinecants amancane kunawo wonke phakathi kwe-triggerfish. Ama-nuances wokubukeka kwe-Picasso angahluka ngokuya ngohlobo. Abanye bahlala ngaphandle koLwandle Olubomvu, njengesifunda se-Indo-Pacific.
I-Giant triggerfish
Ngaphandle kwalokho kuthiwa yi-titanium. Emndenini we-triggerfish, inhlanzi iyona enkulu kunazo zonke, idlula amasentimitha angama-70 ubude. Isisindo sesilwane sifinyelela kuma-kilogram ayi-10. Ama-Titans - izinhlanzi eziyingozi zolwandle olubomvu... Izilwane ziyingozi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana nokukhulisa inzalo.
Kwi-caviar, i-giant triggerfish ikhishwa ezansi kwesidleke. Ububanzi bawo bufinyelela kumamitha ama-2, nokujula kwawo ngamasentimitha angama-75. Le ndawo ivikela ngenkuthalo. Ukusondela kwabatshuzi kuhlaselwa ngokuluma. Izinhlanzi azinabo ubuthi. Kodwa-ke, ukulunywa kwe-triggerfish kubuhlungu futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola.
I-Angelfish yoLwandle Olubomvu
Zingezinhlobo zohlobo lwama-pomacants. Bonke abamele bayo bancane. Ake siqale ngesikhulu kunazo zonke.
I-pomacant enemigqa ephuzi
Abamele abakhulu bezinhlobo banesisindo esingaba ikhilogremu elilodwa. Abantu abanemigqa ephuzi bayehlela ekujuleni okukhulu, imvamisa bekhetha amadwala ancipha kakhulu. Izinhlanzi ezinemigqa ephuzi zibizwa ngamagama ngoba zinolayini oqondile maphakathi nomzimba. Ubanzi, uphuzi ngokugqamile. Umzimba osele unombala oluhlaza sasibhakabhaka.
Imperial Angelfish
Le pomacant iphakathi nendawo ngosayizi, ifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-35 ubude. Umzimba wenhlanzi unombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphezulu kunemigqa ephuzi. Zitholakala ngokuvundlile noma nge-engeli. Umugqa onsundu ugijima ngamehlo.
“Insimu” ekhanyayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ihlukanisa ikhanda nomzimba. Isiphetho sendunu sinombala ofanayo. Umsila ucishe ube owolintshi. Umbala ofanele ukudalwa yizingelosi. Ingelosi yasebukhosini ithandwa ngama-aquarists. Umuntu oyedwa udinga amalitha amanzi angama-400.
I-Anglerfish yoLwandle Olubomvu
Leli butho linemindeni eyi-11. Abamele babo banezitho ezikhanyayo. Ziseduze kwamehlo, izindlebe, i-anal fin, emsileni nangaphansi kwayo.
Inhlanzi ye-lantern yaseNdiya
Izitho zayo ezikhanyayo zitholakala ejwabu leso eliphansi. Amandla akhiqizwa ngama-bacterial symbiotic. Ukukhanya kuheha i-zooplankton - isibiliboco esiyintandokazi sezibani. Inhlanzi ye-lantern yaseNdiya incane, ayidluli amasentimitha ayi-11 ubude.
Lolu hlobo yilona kuphela izinhlanzi ezi-angler ezitholakala oLwandle Olubomvu. Ngendlela, i-oda libizwa ngokuthi i-angler fish ngenxa yelungu elikhanyayo lekhanda. Ezinhlotsheni ezingumnikazi wayo, imisiwe endaweni encane futhi ende, efana neflothi elayini yokudoba.
I-Scorpionfish yoLwandle Olubomvu
Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingama-200 zezinhlanzi ezofezela. I-oda libizwa ngokuthi insumpa. Izinhlanzi ezingena kuwo zingabamba amahora angama-20 ngaphandle kwamanzi. Akunconyelwa ukuthinta ngisho nabantu ababuthakathaka. Umzimba wezinhlanzi ufakwe imiqolo enobuthi.
Itshe lenhlanzi
Inhlanzi yaqanjwa igama layo ngoba ilingisa ingaphezulu lomzimba wetshe. Ukuze sihlangane namatshe amakhulu, lesi silwane sihlala ezansi. Lezo warts zisiza ukuhlangana nezwe eliphansi. Kukhona ukukhula okuningi emzimbeni wetshe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nhlanzi ifana nombala wamatshe angaphansi. Itshe yizinhlanzi ezinobuthi kakhulu oLwandle Olubomvu.
Abanye abantu bafinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-50. Insumpa, njengezinye izinhlanzi oLwandle Olubomvu, "inambitha" usawoti wayo. Likhulu kunezinye izilwandle. Imayelana nomhwamuko osheshayo.
ILwandle Olubomvu alijulile futhi liphakathi kwesihlabathi. Isimo sezulu siyashisa. Ukuhlanganisa ndawonye, lezi zinto zifaka isandla ekuhwamukeni okusebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlangana kukasawoti ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi kuyanda.
