Incazelo nezici
Lesi sinambuzane esimangalisayo singokwe-Coleoptera. Izidalwa ezinjalo zathola igama lazo ngothando lwazo olukhethekile lwokhuni, okuvame ukukhonza njengekhaya lazo. Futhi zondla kuso, esidala ukulimala okukhulu kuyo yonke indawo ezungezile, ikakhulukazi ezakhiweni nasendaweni yabantu.
Ibhungane le-Woodcutter - isidalwa esinezici eziningi esisabalale cishe yonke indawo, ngaphandle kwezindawo ezibanda kakhulu zeplanethi. Ingxenye ebabazekayo futhi ephawuleka kakhulu yokubukeka kwakhe amadevu amakhulu ahlukanisiwe, ubude bawo budlula usayizi womzimba wakhe, kwesinye isikhathi kaningi.
Umzimba walesi sinambuzane mncane, uvulekile. Kungaba mnyama nsundu noma mnyama. Ngokwemvelo, kukhona namabhungane aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aphuzi ngokukhanyayo futhi amhlophe qwa. Kunezibonelo ezinombala oluhlaza okotshani ngokungezwa kwensimbi yensimbi noma amapharele.
Ingxenye engenhla yezidalwa ezinjalo ingahlotshiswa ngomhlobiso othakazelisayo; bayakwazi ukugqama futhi bacwebezele ngemivimbo enemibala ehlukahlukene, amabhande namabala. Zonke izici zokubukeka kwangaphandle zingacatshangelwa ibhungane lokugawula imithi esithombeni.
Lesi sidalwa sinamaphiko, kwesinye isikhathi angasiza kakhulu, ngoba ezinye izinhlobo zamabhungane anikezwa amandla okundiza ngokwemvelo. Kuliqiniso, akuwona wonke umuntu ophumelelayo ukuhamba ngokushesha, kalula futhi kahle emoyeni, ikakhulukazi izibonelo ezinkulu ezidumile ngezikhathi ezinjalo ngenxa yobulukhuni bazo obukhulu.
Kulula ukuhlukanisa insikazi yezidalwa ezichazwe kowesilisa. Lezi zokugcina zivame ukuba zincane ngokuphawulekayo. Futhi abesifazane abakhulu bahlukaniswa ngemibala yomzimba egqamile nosayizi omkhulu wentshebe.
Izinhlobo eziningi zamabhungane anikezwe ikhono elingathandeki lokwenza imisindo ebabazekayo, ebukhali ebangelwa ukungqubuzana kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zomzimba walesi sinambuzane. Kwesinye isikhathi le misindo ayenzeki ngengozi, kepha ikhiqizwa ngokukhethekile izidalwa ezinjalo.
Abaningi abagawula izingodo bangaba nentshebe ende ukudlula ubude bomzimba webhungane.
Ngale ndlela, zethusa izitha zazo, futhi kwezinye izimo kuba uphawu olwesabisayo ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa.
Izinhlobo
La mabhungane abizwa nge-barbel ngenye indlela. Umndeni wegama elifanayo, abekwe kuwo, njengoba kwenzeka kaningi ezinambuzaneni, uningi kakhulu futhi unezinhlobo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili.
Amalungu ayo ahluke ngosayizi, umbala, ezinye izici zokubukeka nokuziphatha. Ubukhulu bamabhungane anjalo buyehluka kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziningi ezincane zivela emvelweni.
Ubude bomzimba wabo imvamisa abudluli kuma-30 mm. Kodwa-ke, kukhona nezinhlobo ezinkulu. Ezinye zazo kufanele zibalulwe ngokukhethekile.
Izinhlobo ze-Lumberjack zingahluka ngosayizi womzimba nombala.
- I-Titan lumberjack beetle ibalwa ngokufanele phakathi kwezinambuzane ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Kunezimo ezaziwayo lapho lezi zidalwa zakhula zaba ngosayizi ongaba ngamasentimitha angama-22. Yiqiniso, ubuningi bezidalwa ezinjalo buncane.
Baqala izimpande ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziseNingizimu Melika. Lezi zidalwa ziphawuleka kakhulu kangangokuba abaqoqi bazizingela ngokushiseka ngokweqile, banikela ngamanani entengo amarekhodi ezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle nezithakazelisayo.
Kuyiqiniso, kungenzeka ukuthola nokubamba la mabhungane ebusuku kuphela. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho beshiya izindawo zabo zokucasha, ezisemigodini ebolile neziqu noma ngaphansi kwezingqimba zamaqabunga omile, ukuthatha uhambo. Ziyakwazi ukundiza, kuthi ezeduna zalezi zinambuzane zidume ngokulwela amabhungane esifazane ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Kodwa-ke, sonke isikhathi - lezi yizidalwa ezinokuthula kakhulu futhi ezingenabungozi ngokuphelele.
I-Titan ibhungane elikhulu kunawo wonke hhayi kuphela emndenini wokugawulwa kwemithi, kodwa futhi naphakathi kwamabhungane emhlabeni
- Isigodo semithi esinamazinyo amakhulu - umhlali emazweni aseBrazil. Ubukhulu bamabhungane anjalo, mhlawumbe, abungaphansi kwalobo bezinhlobo zangaphambilini, mhlawumbe okuncane nje. Kukholakala ukuthi izidalwa ezinjalo azikaze zishintshe kumakhulu eminyaka edlule.
Zinomzimba oyisicaba, obanzi ombozwe ngesikhumba esithambile esinsundu. Izimpondo zalesi sidalwa, ngokungafani nezinye izihlobo, zincane. I-elytra ihlotshiswe ngephethini enesono.
Lesi sinambuzane sasidume kakhulu ngamagunya aso amise okwempondo, okwathi izidalwa ezinjalo zathola igama lesidlaliso ngokuthi izimpondo zezinyamazane. Kodwa-ke, ake sicacise ukuthi lezi akuzona izimpondo nhlobo, kepha yimishini yokugaya izinhlobo eziqinile zokudla ezinamazinyo.
Ama-Bigtooth mandibles afana nezimpondo zebhungane
- Ibhungane lombazi yaziwa njengeyona enkulu kunazo zonke endaweni yaseYurophu futhi ifinyelela usayizi wamasentimitha ayi-6. Kubhekwa njengesilokazane esibi sezakhiwo zamapulangwe nama-conifers. Kodwa ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi, izidalwa ezinjalo zazithola zisenkingeni.
Ngalesi sizathu, lezi zinhlobo kwathiwa azivamile futhi manje, yize zinezici zazo ezinengekayo, kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuvikela lezi zidalwa.
- Ussuriysk i-barbel yesinsalela emndenini wayo, isifanekiso esikhulu kunazo zonke esihlala eRussian Federation (ikakhulukazi izinambuzane ezinjalo zitholakala eMpumalanga Ekude). Ibhungane liziqhenya ngobude obungamasentimitha ayi-11. Njengezinhlobonhlobo ezedlule, kubhekwa futhi njengokungajwayelekile futhi okuvikelwe.
I-Relic lumberjack yezinhlobo ezingavamile ezivikelwe
Kwabamele lo mndeni, umuntu angakhetha futhi, noma engeyona enkulu kangako, kepha abamele abathandekayo kakhulu. Zonke zinezici ezivelele zomuntu ngamunye. Futhi kunengqondo ukusho ikakhulukazi lezi ezimbili ezilandelayo.
- I-Alpine barbel ingamamilimitha angaba ngu-25 kuphela ubude, kodwa ivelele phakathi kwezihlobo zayo ngokubukeka kwayo okuhle. La mabhungane mahle impela. Imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma empunga ekhanyayo yengubo yabo yemvelo ihlanganiswe nemivimbo emnyama ehlanzekile emzimbeni.
Izimpondo ezinde zinombala ofanayo. Ibhungane lihlala entshonalanga yeYurophu, litholakala eMiddle East, futhi livamile naseKazakhstan naseGeorgia, kwamanye amazwe angomakhelwane.
Izimpondo ezinde ze-Alpine zinombala omuhle hhayi womzimba kuphela, kodwa futhi nezimpondo
- Isigaxa somuthi omnyama ngosayizi, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa nalokhu okungenhla, siyinhlobonhlobo encane kakhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, inosayizi olinganiselwa ku-14 mm. Ensimini yaseYurophu, lesi sinambuzane sisabalale kakhulu kunendawo yonke; sabuye saziswa nakwamanye amazwekazi.
Lesi sinambuzane sithathwa njengesinambuzane esibi futhi esonakalisa amahlathi nezinkuni. Ingashiya izibungu zayo ngisho nasezikhaleni zezigxobo ze-telegraph, okufaka isandla ekubhujisweni kwazo.
Indlela yokuphila kanye nendawo yokuhlala
Kumbuzo: lapho kuhlala khona ibhungane, impendulo ayinzima. Kungagxila emhlabeni noma ngabe yikuphi lapho kunezinkuni futhi okungenani ezinye izimo zokuphila ezibekezelelekayo. Amabhungane anjalo akhuliswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezihlahla, kepha ama-conifers athandwa kakhulu. Bangaphinde bahlale ezihlahleni, kwesinye isikhathi ezitshalweni ezine-herbaceous.
Lezi zinambuzane azidonswa yisihlahla esiphilayo kuphela. Inkinga ukuthi avele endlini yomuntu siqu noma e-dacha yakhe. Izinambuzane ezinjalo ziyakwazi ukudala umonakalo ongalungiseki ezakhiweni zabantu futhi, empeleni, nakukho konke okwenziwe ngokhuni.
Bazobhubhisa amabhodi aphansi, ifenisha, okokufaka izinkuni, amapulangwe kanye nokwahlukanisa, imishayo yophahla kanye nohlaka lwamawindi. Kepha ngempilo kanye nempilo yabanikazi, laba bantu abenza imicikilisho emincane ababi yingozi, kuphela ngempahla yabo.
Izibungu zebhungane le-Lumberjack zingalimaza impahla yabantu eyenziwe ngokhuni
Umsebenzi obalulekile walezi zinambuzane uncike ngqo ezintweni ezizungezile: indawo lapho kwenzeka khona ukuba khona kwazo, kanye nezimo zezulu, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, kukhwalithi yokudla lolu hlobo noma lolo hlaka oluthambekele ekudleni.
Abanye babo basengozini yokushiya izindawo zabo zokuhlala kuphela ebusuku. Kukhona nezinhlobo zamabhungane ezithanda ukuzitika ngompe wezimbali. Ngalesi sizathu, bavame ukusebenza emini. Ezinye zezinhlobo ezindizayo zibonisa ukuthambekela kohambo olude lomoya.
Kwezinye izinhlobo, lolu hlobo lokunyakaza lutholakala kakhulu kwabesifazane, kanti kwezinye, kunalokho, abesilisa kuphela abadume ngezindiza.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Sekuvele kucacile ukuthi umsoco walezi zinambuzane uhlobene ngqo nezihlahla, imvamisa kuyizinaliti. Iyakwazi ibhungane barbel umgawuli wemithi phinda udle impova yezitshalo namaqabunga. Kodwa-ke, okuningi kuncike endaweni yokuhlala kwalezi zinambuzane futhi, njengoba bekungavele kuphothulwe kusuka ngenhla, ezinhlobonhlobo.
Imvamisa, igama labamele uhlobo oluthile lukhuluma kahle ngokuthandwa yilezi zidalwa. Isibonelo, ibhungane lamagxolo lithanda ukuzitika ngamagxolo. Kepha ekubeni eyigourmet, ukhetha izibiliboco ezintsha, adle amahlumela amancane ngokungagculiseki.
Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izinto ezitholwa amabhungane ekudleni okunjalo zinomthelela omuhle ekwakhekeni kwamaseli amagciwane akhula emzimbeni wezinambuzane ezinjalo. Yebo, umgawuli wezinkuni uthanda ukuhlala emizini yabantu futhi abanikeze inkinga eyanele, egcwala izinkuni zasekhaya.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezingenabungozi zamabhungane anjalo, zondla umuthi womuthi kanye nompe wezimbali. Futhi ezinye izinhlobo zalezi zinambuzane esimweni somuntu omdala zikwenqaba ngokuphelele ukudla.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-titanium barbel. Kubantu abakhiwe, izinqolobane abazitholile ngendlela yezakhamzimba ezingeni lesibungu zivame ukwanela. Bona uqobo lwabo, sebekhulile, abaphila ngaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa futhi inhloso yokuba khona kwabo kuphela ukufeza indima yabo yokuzala.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ibhungane lensikazi lifuna indawo yokubeka ngokunakekela okukhethekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, leli akulona ikhaya lezingane zabo kuphela, kepha futhi liwumthombo wokudla kwezingane esikhathini esizayo. Imvamisa, imifantu emincane yezihlahla iba yindawo ecashile.
Kusuka kuma-conifers, ukukhetha kunikezwa umsedari waseYurophu, ngokulambisa, umuthi omhlophe noma uphayini. Izinambuzane ezinjalo zikhomba uhlobo olulodwa noma olunye lwesitshalo ngephunga, futhi iphunga elibucayi le-coniferous likhanga kakhulu kubo.
Isibalo samaqanda ezinambuzane ezinjalo, esizalela umuntu oyedwa, sikhulu kakhulu futhi kaningi sifinyelela ezingcezwini ezingamakhulu amane. Kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili futhi kuzo kuvela izibungu. Ngokuvamile zimhlophe.
Lesi sisindo esibukeka siwumbukwane, esime njengezibungu, sinamandla kakhulu. Njengoba zinemihlathi eqinile, engasebenzeli nje kuphela ukudla, kepha futhi nokwenza imigudu eminingana ehlathini, izidalwa eziphilayo ezinjalo zikwazi ukusuka endaweni lapho konke kudliwe kuya emthonjeni omusha wokudla.
Ngokubeka izibungu, abagawuli bemithi bakhangwa kakhulu ngama-conifers
Kwalokhu isibungu sebhungane ama-bulges akhethekile anawo esikhundleni sezidladla awusizo kakhulu.
Isifiso salezi zidalwa asisihle nje, siyinqaba ngazo zonke izindlela. Ngakho-ke, kungekudala esakhiweni sokhuni, lapho izibungu zebhungane zihlukanise ngephutha, kungasala uthuli kuphela. Izilo ezincane zenza umsebenzi wazo kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile.
Usuku, bathuthukisa ingxenyana encane kuphela. Kepha kukho konke ukuphila kwayo, lesi sibungu singamba imigodi, ubude baso obufinyelela isilinganiso samakhilomitha angama-40.
Izibungu ziphila isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Uma befunda ebusika, khona-ke abantu abadala abavela kwiziphungumangathi bazovela ngonyaka ozayo kuphela, entwasahlobo. Yonke inqubo yokukhula, kusukela ekuhlumeni kuya ekuvuthweni, ingathatha iminyaka emibili.
Ezinye izibungu, ezisendaweni ekujuleni kwamaphaseji athokomele futhi zivikelwe ngokuphelele, zithola ithuba lokuba khona okungenani iminyaka eyishumi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi nangaphezulu.
Ukuba yisibungu esinamandla kakhulu, isikhunta sokugawula imithi singabhubhisa sonke isihlahla, kancane kancane sisiphendule sibe uthuli
Kepha ngemuva kwesikhathi sezibungu, iminyaka yalezi zinambuzane iyaphela. Ngemuva kwakho konke, isibonelo, ibhungane lesifazane elikhulile elinsundu linesikhathi esingeqile ezinsukwini ezingama-25 ngokwemvelo.
Ukulwa kanjani
Izindlela zokuzivikela zisiza ukuvimbela ukutshalwa kwalezi zinambuzane okhunini. Okokuqala, igumbi lapho kukhona imikhiqizo yokhuni kumele ligcinwe lomile, ngoba umswakama okhuthaza ukusabalala kwalezi zinambuzane.
Imvamisa kwenzeka ukuthi amabhodi okwenziwe ngawo ifenisha nezakhiwo asevele athelelekile ngezibungu zaleli bhungane. Izimpawu zobukhona bayo zingakhonjiswa ngokutholakala kwezindlela ezinamatshe, kanye nofulawa ophuzi nonsundu - imikhiqizo yabo kadoti.
Ngisho nokuqubuka kuvame ukuzwakala, futhi kuphuma uketshezi olunsundu olunephunga elingemnandi, elinukayo futhi elimuncu ngokhuni. Njengesilinganiso sokuzivikela, izinto zokubulala izinambuzane eziphathwa ngokhuni ziyasiza impela.
Ama-grubjack we-Lumberjack angakhula emikhiqizweni yezinkuni emanzi
Kepha uma bekungenakwenzeka ukuvimbela ingozi ngesikhathi, indlela yokubhekana nebhungane eligenca izingodo esimweni esinjalo? Isixazululo sikasawoti ojwayelekile ofakwe endaweni ethintekile singasiza ukuqeda lesi sifo.
Kuliqiniso, ezimeni lapho izinkuni zingekho endaweni yokukhosela, kepha endaweni evulekile, le ndlela kungenzeka ingasebenzi kahle, ngoba usawoti ugezwa kalula yimvula. Ungazama futhi ukwakheka kwe-naphthalene, i-carbolic acid emnyama ne-resin.
Zonke lezi zinto zithathwa ngamanani alinganayo, zixutshwe futhi zisetshenziswe endaweni yokhuni.
