Igama lasendulo lesiGreki elithi Lucinia lihumusha ngokuthi “nightingale". Phambilini leli gama lanikezwa abesifazane ngezwi labo elimtoti, kepha manje alithandwa. Kodwa-ke, ngo-1911, enye ye-asteroid yebhande eliyinhloko eliphakathi kwemizila ye-Jupiter neMars yaqanjwa ngokuthi yiLucinia.
Umzimba we-cosmic utholwe nguJoseph Helffrich. Lapho kutholwa i-nightingale yangempela, akwaziwa. Izinganekwane zenziwa ngale nyoni kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo.
Incazelo nezici ze-nightingale
I-Nightingale - inyoni injabulo. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kwakukholwa eMpumalanga. Inkomba yenjabulo yayaziwa ukucula i-nightingale... Ngakho-ke, ukubamba izinyoni kwakuyibhizinisi elinenzuzo. Izinyoni zathengwa ngamasheikh, izicukuthwane, amakhosi. Ama-tsars aseRussia nawo agcina uSoloviev ezigodlweni.
Ngekhulu le-19, kwezinye izifundazwe, ukubanjwa kwezinyoni ezingoma kwavunyelwa ngenxa yokwehla kwesibalo. Ezinye izinyoni zanikezwa izicukuthwane ezifuywayo, kanti ezinye zathengiselwa abathengisi baphesheya kwezilwandle. Babona i-nightingale hhayi ngokucula kuphela, kodwa futhi:
EMpumalanga, i- nightingale yayibhekwa njengenyoni yenjabulo
- Ubude bomzimba kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-28.
- Isisindo esingama-25 amagremu.
- Izimpaphe ze-Olive grey. Awugqamile, njengondlunkulu. Izinhlangothi zenyoni zimpunga, isisu sikhanya, umhlane namaphiko kumnyama. Kunamathoni abomvu emphethweni womsila wesilwane. ngakho-ke nightingale esithombeni ingadidaniswa nabanye abadlulayo, isibonelo, i-thrush, ebekwa emndenini kabani. Kodwa-ke, abanye ababukeli bezinyoni bathi iqhawe lalesi sihloko libangelwa ababambi bezindiza. Ngokwalokhu kubukwa isihlobo senyoni se-nightingale - i-flycatcher empunga.
- Umlomo omncane ophuzi.
- Round, amehlo amnyama. Ekhanda elincane le-nightingale, zibukeka zinkulu.
- Intamo ewugqinsi neselula.
- Ukusika okuqondile komsila ophakanyisiwe bese wehliswa yinyoni lapho uhleli. Lapho indiza, umsila uqonde ngqo.
Ibukeka kanjani i-nightingale, ngokwengxenye kuya ngohlobo lwenyoni. Kunezinketho eziyi-14. Amandla okucula ezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-nightingales nawo ayahluka. Kukhona nezinyoni ezingenazwi.
Lalela izwi le-nightingale ejwayelekile
Izinhlobo zama-nightingales
Ezinhlotsheni ezingama-14 zezinambuzane zasebusuku ezisatshalaliswe emhlabeni, ziyi-7 ezihlala eRussia. Kususwe "kwi-nightingale ejwayelekile." Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwakhe, emahlathini kukhona:
1. Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Esiswini, umbala wezimpaphe uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe. Ngemuva, ekhanda, emsileni nasemaphikweni, inyoni ipendwe ngethoni ye-indigo. Iyacwebezela ngensimbi. Imilenze ephakeme futhi ezacile ye-nightingale eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ibomvana, kanti uqhwaku lude kunolwezihlobo eziningi.
Inyoni icula kahle, isebenzisa ama-trill amaningana ajwayelekile. Baqala ngenothi eliphezulu elihlala cishe imizuzwana emi-4. Ama-trill angazwakala kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya maphakathi noSepthemba. Lesi yisikhathi lapho ama-nightingile aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ayeseRussia. Lapha izinyoni zikhethe izindawo ezisempumalanga.
Lalela ukucula kwe-blue nightingale
2. Intamo ebomvu. Uyisakhamuzi saseSiberia nasePrimorye. I-trill ye-rudder incane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunophawu oluhle oluyindilinga entanyeni yale nyoni. Ubomvu. Kungakho igama lohlobo. Uqhwaku lwenyoni lumnyama. Kunemivimbo emhlophe ngenhla nangaphansi kwayo. Ibukeka buhle, yize ithoni ejwayelekile yale nyoni inombala onsundu ngokumpunga.
Lalela i-nightingale enentamo ebomvu
3. I-rubythroat nightingale enamabele amnyama. Isifuba sale nyoni sihlotshiswe ngephinifa elimnyama. Indawo ebomvu isendaweni yayo, encane. Abamele lezi zinhlobo bahlala ezindaweni eziphakeme, bekhuphukela ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingafika kumamitha angama-3700 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Ezimweni zomoya omncane, izinyoni ziye zafunda ukunciphisa izinqubo zazo ezibalulekile. Lokhu kunikeza izinyoni ithuba lokuphila izinsuku ngaphandle kokudla, uma, ngokwesibonelo, izintaba zimbozwe yiqhwa futhi ayikho indlela yokuthola ukudla. Izingoma zamabele amnyama ziyahlukahluka, zimnandi, ziseduze ne-trill ekahle yama-nightingales ajwayelekile naseningizimu.
4. I-Bluethroat nightingale. Ingoma yezinyoni kuhlotshiswe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokufaka okusawolintshi. Ngaphansi kwe-frill kukhona umugqa omnyama nampunga. Ingaphezulu yomsila wale nyoni ipendwe ngombala wokufakwa kwe-orange entanyeni ye-nightingale. Ama-trill akhe angaphansi. Kodwa le nyoni ilingisa kalula i-thrush, i-oriole nezinye izinyoni.
5. Eningizimu. ERussia, itholakala eCaucasus. Ngokuvamile, i-nightingale ibizwa nangokuthi i-Western, ngoba izinyoni zezinhlobo zihlala emazweni aseYurophu. I-nightingale eseningizimu yehlukile kune-nightingale ejwayelekile ngoqhwaku olude nolumsila omude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, enezimpaphe incane futhi icula ngokuthula, ibuthakathaka. Awekho okuthiwa amapayipi nokuduma ku-trill.
Lalela izwi le-nightingale yaseningizimu
Ngisho nasezinyonini eziseningizimu, umsila ongaphezulu ubomvu, hhayi umnqumo, njengakuma-nightingales ajwayelekile.
6. Umlobi. Isifuba nezinhlangothi zakhe kupendiwe sengathi kumbozwe izikali. Umlobi i-nightingale - inyoni yehlathi, etholakala kuma-windbreaks manzi, ithanda ungqimba olungezansi lwezihlahla. Ingoma enezimpaphe ikhumbuza ukutolikwa okuncomekayo kokukhala kwembongolo.
Yizwa i-nightingale yempempe icula
Ulimi lwanoma iyiphi i-nightingales lunesisindo esingu-0.1 gram. ERoma lasendulo, kwakulungiswa isibiliboco ngezilimi zeptah. Kwakunikelwa etafuleni emadilini anyanisi. Ukukhonza okukodwa bekuqukethe cishe amagremu ayi-100. Ngakho-ke, ama-nightingales abulawa yizinkulungwane. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi lowo odle isitsha uzoba nezwi elimnandi nje, abe yisikhulumi esihle.
Okufanekisiwe i-nightingale yaseChina
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Ama-Nightingales aqaphele, anamahloni, ngakho-ke akhetha izindawo ezifihlekile emahlathini nasezihlahleni. Lesi sakamuva sithandwa ngoba sigezwa yilanga. Iningi lama-nightingales ligwema izithunzi. Izinyoni azivamile ukuzwakala lapho. ukuvota.
UNightingale azwakala emini. Izinyoni zicula entathakusa nasebusuku. Ebumnyameni, izinyoni nazo zidla ukudla futhi zikhwelana. Izinyoni zingaphila ngazimbili noma zodwa. Ukuhlala ezindaweni eziseningizimu kuhlala unomphela.
Ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho, impendulo yombuzo, i-nightingale iyinyoni efudukayo noma ubusika, okunye. Izinyoni zezingoma zaseRussia, ngokwesibonelo, zindiza ziye e-Afrika lapho kubanda, ikakhulukazi endaweni yaseCongo.
Nomaphi lapho i-nightingale ikhona, le nyoni ikhetha amahlathi ahlabayo. Iningi labamele uhlobo lohlobo lukhetha ungqimba oluncane lwezihlahla ezikhule kakhulu echibini, endaweni esezansi. Ama-Nightingales mancane, azinza emagqumeni omile, ezintabeni, ezindundumeni zesihlabathi.
Ukudla kwaseNightingale
Ukudla kwe-nightingale kuqukethe kokubili amaprotheni nokudla kwezitshalo. Ezinyonini zokugcina, kukhethwa imbewu yezitshalo, amajikijolo, amantongomane, izithelo, ameva.
Ukudla kwamaprotheni kwe-nightingale kuqukethe:
- amaqanda ezintuthwane kanye nezintuthwane uqobo
- izicabucabu
- izikelemu zomhlaba
- amacimbi
- Zhukov
- izimpethu
Izinyoni zivame ukubheka izinambuzane nezinambuzane ezincane ezingenamgogodla ezingxenyeni zamaqabunga awile. Ihleli emagatsheni, ama-nightingales akhipha inyamazane ngaphansi kwegxolo. Endizeni, izinyoni zibamba ama-bloodworms nezimvemvane, kodwa izinyoni eziculayo azivamile ukuzingela kanjena.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ama-Nightingales aqala ukufuna umbhangqwana entwasahlobo, imvamisa ngoMeyi. Uma izinyoni zihambile zisuka ezifundeni ezifudumele, zilinda ukuqhakaza kwamaqabunga, kuvela amaqabunga okuqala. Kungaleso sikhathi-ke lapho ama-nightingile aqala ukucula. Ama-trill amakhulu awabo bonke abesifazane. Lapho kukhethwa okukhethekile, owesilisa umculela ngokuthula, ngokungacabangi.
Ngenkathi owesilisa esathungatha, ugcwalisa ama-trill ngokushaya amaphiko akhe asakazekile. Ngemuva kokukhwelana, insikazi iqala ukwakha isidleke. Iqukethe amahlamvu namakhambi. Lezi zokugcina zithathwa zinzima. Amahlamvu asetshenzisiwe awile. Owesifazane wakha isidleke ngendlela emise okwezitsha, phansi, noma ezimileni eziseduze komhlaba.
Inightingale yesifazane iphinde ifukamele amatshwele ngokuzimela. Eyesilisa imculela kuphela. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwamachwane, ubaba uyathula. Ama-Trill anikeza indawo izidleke ezilwaneni eziyingozi.
Amantshontsho aseNightingale esidlekeni
Emavikini amabili ubudala, amaphuphu aphuma esidlekeni. Kuze kube manje, intsha iphakelwa ngabazali bobabili. Ngemuva kokuphuma esidlekeni, ama-nightingay azithola esesele nomhlaba. Izimpungushe, ama-ermine, amagundane, amakati, ama-weasel angahlasela futhi adle. Uma kungenzeka ukugwema ukuhlaselwa kwabo, izinyoni zivuthwa ngokocansi zinonyaka owodwa. Lapho uneminyaka engu-5, ama-nightingales abulawa ukuguga. Ekuthunjweni, izinyoni zihlala iminyaka emi-2-3 ubude.
