Ameva amancane avela emndenini we-haracin athandwa ama-novice aquarists ngenxa yokungathobeki nokubukeka kwawo okuthintayo. I-Caramels - abantu abanemibala eyenziwe yokufakelwa - sebephenduke inhlobonhlobo yezinhlanzi ezithandwayo.
Ameva we-caramel wokufakelwa
Esikhundleni sombala ompunga wemvelo, imizimba yezinhlanzi ithole okuluhlaza okotshani, ophuzi, opinki, nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yokujova okukhethekile okwenziwe ngodayi. I-aquarium enameva isiphenduke i-kaleidoscope - imihlambi yama-caramels acwazimulayo nayo yonke imibala yothingo.
Incazelo nezici zameva e-caramel
Izinhlanzi ezimangalisayo ezazivela emithonjeni yaseBrazil zavela okokuqala eYurophu ngeminyaka yama-30s yekhulu elidlule, futhi zalethwa eRussia ngo-1946. Manje ameva asevame kakhulu ukuthi angatholakala kuzo zonke izitolo ezifuywayo.
I-Caramels yizintandokazi ezingenakuphikiswa zokuheha ukunakwa kwabathengi, yize ubuchwepheshe obusha bokudaya izinhlanzi abwamukelwa yiwo wonke umuntu. EYurophu, ngenxa yemizwa yokubhikisha, abazithengi izakhamizi ezinjalo ngezindawo zabo zasemanzini.
I-Thorncia albino
Ameva e-Multicolor, njengoba abizwa nangokuthi, akhokhela ukubukeka kwawo okubambekayo ngempilo ebekelwe phansi. Zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kunama-congener anemibala yemvelo. Abanikazi kudingeka bakhumbule ukuthi i-pigment yabantu abagqamile ayidluliswa kuzindlalifa.
Umphumela wamakhemikhali wedayi ungancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, khona-ke ingubo iyaphela futhi ilahlekelwe ukuvezwa kwayo. Umbala uphela hhayi kubantu abanemibala kuphela, kodwa nakwabameleli abajwayelekile wameva. Phakathi kwezizathu, izifo ezahlukahlukene zezinhlanzi nezimo ezicindezelayo ziyahlukaniswa.
Emvelweni inhlanzi enameva uhlala emifuleni yaseningizimu Melika, kepha unikeza abantu abanemibala ikakhulukazi abavela emapulazini akhethekile aseVietnam. Uhambo olude luvame ukuthinta isimo sezinhlanzi ezijwayele izifo.
Ameva ajwayelekile okwenziwe ngokufakelwa
Ngemuva kokuthengwa, umhlambi wobuhle kufanele uhlukaniswe wedwa esitsheni esihlukile, bese uhanjiswa e-aquarium ejwayelekile. Uma kungekho zimpawu zesifo emasontweni amabili, izinhlanzi ziyojabulisa abanikazi isikhathi eside.
ITernetia inomzimba ophakeme futhi oyisicaba we-rhomboid. Ubude, inhlanzi ifinyelela ku-5.5-6 cm.Umuntu ukulungele ukuzala lapho ubukhulu bayo okungenani bungu-3 cm.Izici zangaphandle zameva ziyimigqa emnyama emnyama mpo emzimbeni, amaphiko amakhulu.
I-anal ifana nesiketi esihlakaniphile. Ngenxa yale ngxenye yomzimba ephawuleka kakhulu, kusukela esiswini kuya emsileni, ameva awakwazi ukudidaniswa nezinye izakhamuzi zase-aquarium. I-dorsal fin, emincane futhi ephakeme, iqondiswe ngokuziqhenya phezulu. Isiphetho esincane se-adipose sitholakala emsileni.
I-Thorncia Glofish pink
Amehlo amakhulu abekwe ezinhlangothini, umhlathi ongezansi ucindezelwa kancane phambili. Ukuthandwa kwezinhlanzi ze-caramel kuhlotshaniswa hhayi nombala omuhle kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izinzuzo zokuqukethwe:
- isimo sokuthula sabakhileyo;
- ukukhiqizwa kabusha okulula;
- umsebenzi nokuhamba;
- ukutholakala kokuqukethwe kwama-novice aquarists.
Imihlambi emincane yezinhlanzi ibukeka ihlaba umxhwele kakhulu, ivusa imizwa emihle, ingubo ekhanyayo yabakhileyo iyajabulisa, ikakhulukazi ijabulisa izingane.
Izinhlobo zameva
Ama-Caramels, ahlukile ngombala, atholakala ngomjovo ngesisombululo sedayi. Ukungenelela kwangaphandle kukuvumela ukuthi ufeze imiphumela eyinqaba, intshisekelo ekuboniswa kuyo hhayi kuphela yizifundiswa, kepha nangabachwepheshe.
Ameva weveyili
Ukuvezwa ngamakhemikhali kwenza umzimba wameva ube buthakathaka, kepha akuguquli izici zebhayoloji, indlela yokuziphatha noma ukunakekela. Imibala eyinhloko yezinhlanzi:
- umbala obomvana;
- okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- ophuzi;
- I-Violet;
- luhlaza okotshani.
Izitayela zemfashini ku-aquarium hobby ziholela ekusatshalalisweni okukhulu kwama-caramel angaphandle. Izinhlanzi ezisesikoleni zithengwa okungenani ngabantu abayi-7-9, kepha uma zanda ngokwazo eqenjini, kuba ngcono. Bathatha indawo yabo efanele phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo zameva:
- zakudala;
- umgubuzelo;
- igolide;
- ama-albino.
I-Thorncia glofish (GloFish) - inhlanzi eguquliwe enokukhanya kwe-fluorescent. Ukukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet kwenza kukhanye nakakhulu. Ngokungafani ne-caramel, umbala uzuzwe njengefa.
Ameva eMulticolor
Izinhlobo zameva zenziwe ngobuchwepheshe be-transgenic busebenzisa i-DNA ye-jellyfish, amakhorali abomvu, inhlanganisela ehlukahlukene. Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlobo zombala oluhlaza, obomvu, owolintshi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi ziyatholakala.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umbala awusebenzi emsileni noma emaphikweni. Namanje zimnyama noma ziluhlaza okomnyama. Lesi sici sithonye igama lesibili lameva - i-tetra yokulila, ngoba ozimele abade babe ulayini womzimba, bakha uhlaka olumnyama.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Ukukhethwa kwe-aquarium kunqunywa ngamasu wokuxazululwa kwezinhlanzi ezifundayo. Ameva e-caramel endala adinga umthamo wamanzi, okungenani amalitha ayi-10. Ngakho-ke, ngokususelwa ekusungulweni komhlambi omncane wabantu abayi-6-7, kudingeka i-aquarium enamandla okungenani amalitha angama-60.
Ngokwenza, ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi ze-caramel, kunezinye izakhamuzi e-aquarium, ngokulandelana, ivolumu yedamu lokufakelwa iba kahle ngamalitha ayi-100.Okuqukethwe okunameva ungakutholi kunzima. Ngisho ne-aquarist engenalwazi inganikeza indawo yokuhlala enethezekile yama-caramel. Isici samanzi sivunyelwe ezinkomba ezilandelayo:
- izinga lokushisa - 23-26 ° С;
- ubulukhuni - 16 °;
- i-asidi 6.0-7.5
Ameva eCaramel adinga kakhulu amanzi athambile ane-asidi, kepha kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi bazivumelanisa kahle nezimo ezahlukahlukene. Izidingo ezibalulekile zabanye abantu abahlala echibini lokufakelwa kufanele zinakwe ekwakheni indawo eyamukelekayo yabo bonke. Kunconywa ukushintshwa kwamanzi cishe ikota yevolumu yonke ye-aquarium kanye ngesonto.
Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi nezimila kudala isimo sezwe elingaphansi kwamanzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-biotope yemvelo kuyavumelana. I-Thorncia iyinhlanzi enombala, ngakho-ke, ayidingi ukuhlobisa okukhethekile. Ukunambitheka komnikazi we-aquarium, kufakwe izinkuni ezithuthukisiwe, ama-grottoes, amathala, ukufakwa kwamatshe kubekwe esihlabathini somfula, amaqabunga awile.
AmaCaramel angenza ngaphandle kwezindawo zokukhosela ezikhethekile, kepha asathanda ukuba khona kwe-algae etshaliwe. Isithombe esikahle kubo, lapho izitshalo zintanta phezulu, zingaphazamisi indlela ezihamba ngayo lapho zihamba ngokushesha.
Konke ukufika kungenziwa eceleni komkhawulo wesitsha ukuze isikhungo sihlale sikhululekile empilweni esebenzayo yabakhileyo. Ulwelwe olunamacembe amancane luyathandeka: i-echinodorus, izinhlobo ze-cryptocoryne, njll.
Izinsiza zokuhlunga amanzi ne-aeration ziyadingeka njengakwezinye izakhamizi zase-aquarium. Ukudalwa kokugeleza komoya kokugeleza kwamanzi kuvumela ama-caramel ukuthi antante njengamanje, ngokumelene nawo. Ngokufanele iqondise i-jet ezinhlangothini ze-aquarium.
Ukusetshenziswa kwamalambu we-fluorescent kugcina amahora emini kuze kufike emahoreni ayi-10 noma ngaphezulu. Amandla abo akufanele abe makhulu ukuze bakwazi i-caramel enameva angakutholanga ukusha okushisayo uma kukhuphukela phezulu. I-aquarium kufanele futhi ivikelwe elangeni ngqo ngesizathu esifanayo. Izinhlanzi zidinga ukukhanya okuthambile nokusakazekile.
I-Thorncia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
ITernetia - inhlanzi yase-aquarium ngomlingiswa, ngakho-ke isitsha sokufakelwa kufanele sigcinwe sivaliwe ngomoya omncane ohlanzekile. Imvamisa zimbozwa ngengilazi noma uhlobo oluthile lwento ebonakalayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inhlanzi ye-caramel eqale ukudlala igxuma iphume emanzini bese iyafa.
Kwezokudla ameva ombala omnivorous, ukungafuni ngokweqile ekudleni. Ukudla kudla kwenzeka ngaphezulu kwamanzi. Ngezansi, imfucumfucu yokudla ithathwa ngezinye izakhamuzi zase-aquarium. Yize ama-caramel ehlale enesifiso esihle kakhulu, awanakho ukuthambekela kokudla ngokweqile. Abanikazi akufanele banikeze ukudla okweqile kubahlali basemanzini. Ukudla kungasuselwa kuma-flakes ekhwalithi.
Cishe konke ukudla kwendabuko kulungele ukondliwa. Yize ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu kwe-caramels, imvelaphi yabo iyisidlakudla, ngakho-ke, kufanele kunikezwe ukukhetha ukudla okuphilayo: ama-bloodworms, ama-brine shrimp, i-daphnia, ama-cyclops. Ama-crustaceans amancane aqukethe amavithamini A no-D, chitin, okudingekayo ekugayeni izinhlanzi.
Kwesinye isikhathi abahlali bomhlambi banganikezwa inyama efriziwe efriziwe. Ukuvimbela ukubuna kombala ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukudla ameva e-caramel kufanele kuhlukaniswe nezithasiselo zamaminerali.Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isikhathi sokuphila, impilo kanye nokukwazi ukuzala ameva we-caramels kuncike enhlobonhlobo yemenyu.
Ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlanzi
Omakhelwane bameva e-caramel e-aquarium kufanele babe yizinhlanzi ezilinganayo, ezino-4-5 cm ubude ezinomlingiswa onokuthula. Izakhamizi ezifanelekile ezihlangene ziyizinkemba, i-sack-gill catfish, izinhlobo ze-labyrinth ezifana ne-gourami. Ubungozi bokudliwa bukhona ezinhlanzini ezisanda kuzalwa, kanye nasezinhlotsheni ezincane ezinjengama-guppies noma ama-neon. Ama-caramel akhanyayo azobazingela.
Ukuhambisana kwameva ngezinhlobo zezinhlanzi zokuhlobisa azithandeki ngenxa yesifiso sama-caramel wokugcina ukuluma amaphiko eveyili omakhelwane abahamba kancane. Ngisho nasemihlanjini yabo, ukuhlaselwa okulumayo kwama-congener kwenzeka ngezinye izikhathi. Akunconyelwa ukuhlanganisa ameva nezidlakela ezinkulu ezithi zithatha izindawo. AmaCichlazomas, izinkanyezi zingalimaza ama-caramel.
Izinhlanzi zeCaramel zikulungele kakhulu ukugcinwa ku-aquarium ejwayelekile nezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi. Uma ameva enomhlambi omkhulu, agxile kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwangaphakathi. Abakwazi ukuhlala bodwa - izinhlanzi ziba nolaka.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Izinhlanzi ezikhulile zilungele ukuzala zisenonyaka owodwa ngobude bomzimba obungu-3-4 cm.Ukusebenza kahle kokuzalisa kuphakame ngameva avuthiwe, kepha futhi ungakhetha ama-caramels amancane avuthiwe ngokocansi. Ukulungiselela kuqala ngokufakwa kwezimbili ezikhethiwe kanye nokudla okuningi kwenhlanzi ngokudla okuphilayo.
Isitsha esikhethekile samalitha angama-30 noma ngaphezulu silungiselelwe ukuzala. Indawo ye-aquarium kufanele ibe nokukhanya okusakazekile, okufiphele, okuthambile. I-Twilight ilungile, engakhiwa ngamashidi wephepha amboza ingilazi ekhanyisiwe yedamu lokufakelwa.
Okwezizathu zokuzala, kukhethwa inhlabathi emnyama, izitshalo ezinamakhasi amancane, namanzi athambile ane-asidi. Ukuze kuhlelwe, kuhle ukubeka ubulembu bamanzi ngaphansi kwe-aquarium. Izinga lamanzi kunconywa ukuthi ligcinwe ku-7-8 cm, ngokushisa okungu-24-25 ° C.
Isihlungi siyadingeka esitsheni; i-thermostat iyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa olifunayo. Amanzi avikelwa izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokugcwalisa indawo edala. Kumele igcwale umoya-mpilo, iqukathe ama-tannins.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngemuva kokuxazulula, ungangeza amanzi amancane abilisiwe emanzini acwecwe futhi ungeze i-peat ekhishwe nge-acid reaction, engeza izimpande ze-willow, ama-alder cones. Okuhlukile kokukhishwa yi-oak bark noma itiye elibuthakathaka.
Ngemuva kokuxazulula izinhlanzi, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3-6, ukunyakaza okusebenzayo kwembhangqwana kuqala. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwameva kungabonakala ekuseni kakhulu. Indoda idonsa insikazi echibini ngamakhefu amafushane.
Insikazi ikhafula amakhulu amaqanda anamathele ezingxenyeni ezincane ezifika kwezingama-30. Bazinza emaqabungeni e-algae, imininingwane yokuhlobisa ye-aquarium. Eyesilisa ivundisa amaqanda ngobisi.
Isikhathi sokuzala sithatha amahora angama-3. Inani eliphelele lamaqanda azalisiwe futhi avundiswa lifinyelela kwinkulungwane noma ngaphezulu. Ama-aquarists anolwazi athola lokhu kuphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi.
Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwenqubo, kubalulekile ukutshala umbhangqwana wabazali kwesinye isitsha ukuze i-caviar nefry esizayo zingadliwa. Inetha elingezansi kwe-aquarium ngaphezu kwalokho livikela ekubhujisweni kwenzalo.
I-Aquarium enameva ibukeka ikhanya kakhulu futhi inemibala
Kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezimbili ukulinda ukuthi izibungu zichamiseleke. Amanzi asesitsheni kufanele afudunyezwe abe ngu-27-28 ° C. Imvuthuluka ephawulekayo engabonakali ibambelela ezitshalweni nasezindongeni zamachibi, kuphela ngosuku lwesithathu baqala ukuzibhukuda bodwa.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukukhishwa kwameva kuyasebenza, okungabangeli izinkinga, kepha gazinga libonakala libuthakathaka, ngosayizi omncane kakhulu. Ukondla kokuqala kwameva wengane kwenziwa kuphela ngokudla okuncane kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi uthuli oluphilayo lomhlaba, njengama-rotifers. Ukubhukuda gazinga kungafakwa ngesikhupha esibilisiwe.
Akuwona wonke amafry asindayo, ukufa kwabo ngobuningi kuyenzeka. Abantu abakhulayo kudingeka badluliselwe kancane kancane e-daphnia moina, izikelemu ezincane zegazi, i-corona esikiwe - okuphakelayo okukhudlwana. Amafry alambile aqale afakwe izithasiselo ezomile nezokufakelwa, bese enikezwa ukudla kwawo okujwayelekile.
Kubalulekile kubanikazi ukuqapha isimo sokudla okomile: hlola usuku lokwenziwa, ishalofu lempilo, ungaligcini livulekile ukuze uvimbele ukukhula kwezimbali ze-pathogenic. Ngesikhathi sokukhula ngefry, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlungwe ngosayizi: ukuphuma okukhulu nokukhuthazayo, kunikeze abantu abancane ithuba lokusinda.
Inhlanzi yaseThornsia
Ngokuvamile, impilo yameva inamandla. Izinhlanzi zijwayela kahle ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ngokuguquguquka kwe-asidi, ubulukhuni, izinga lokushisa lamanzi. Ama-caramels anemibala ngandlela thile abuthakathaka kunezihlobo zawo, kepha azikho izici zokulungiswa nokwelashwa kwalobu buhle. Iseluleko sabakwa-aquarists abanolwazi sisebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zameva.
Ukuvimbela izifo kanje:
- ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa echibini kuze kufike ku-30 ° С;
- okugeza usawoti;
- ukusetshenziswa kwama-antiseptics - trypaflavin noma abanye.
Isimo sokukhathalela izakhamuzi zasemanzini sizogcina isikhathi sokuphila kuze kube yiminyaka emi-4-5, ikakhulukazi ezinamandla zingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-6.
Izici zobulili
Ameva eCaramel azalela ngababili. Ungakhetha owesilisa nowesilisa esikoleni sezinhlanzi ngezimpawu ezibonakala ngokusobala ngokuqhathanisa ukwakheka kwemizimba. Abesifazane bakhulu, babanzi. Izisu zabo zizungezwe ngokwengeziwe. Amaphiko ahlukile futhi: elalingemuva linokumila kwesiketi esibanzi, elingemuva liphakeme futhi libukhali kunemphetho wesilisa.
Ameva wesilisa nowesilisa ajwayelekile
Owesilisa mncane, umzimba usicabalele, umphetho womhlane awuphakeme kangako futhi unomumo oyindilinga, umphetho wendunu uyindilinga futhi ubukeka ucoceke kakhulu kunowesifazane.
Intengo enameva
Ameva asabalele futhi angatholakala kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezilwane noma athengwe ku-inthanethi. Ukuthenga ama-caramel kubiza kakhulu kunokuthenga ameva ajwayelekile, kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-100-130.
Intengo incike ekuthandweni kombala, ubuningi be-oda, ubudala nesimo senhlanzi. Idume kakhulu ameva abomvana... I-caramel ekhanyayo ijabulisa abathandi, ijabulisa izingane ngokubonakala kwayo.
Akunandaba ukuthi kufanele ukhokhe malini ngenhlanzi ephilayo, inani langempela alilinganiswa nemibhalo engamaphepha, kodwa ngentshisekelo yangempela emhlabeni ongajwayelekile wabakhileyo emifuleni yangaphandle. Kungokwemvelo yomuntu ukwenza ucwaningo nokuguqula umhlaba - ameva esithombeni ukuqinisekiswa kwalokhu. Ukuthengwa kwezinhlanzi kuphoqa i-aquarist ukuthi iphathe ngokucophelela nangokucophelela impilo encane futhi entekenteke yama-caramel.
