Isimo semvelo esimangalisayo sezwekazi, esicishe simbozwe yiqhwa, sigcwele izimfihlakalo eziningi. Isimo sezulu se-Antarctica sinzima kakhulu, ngisho naseNyakatho Pole sithambile kakhulu. Ukushisa kwehlobo lapha kungu-50-55 ° С, ezinyangeni zasebusika - 60-80 ° С.
Ogwini lolwandle kuphela olufudumele - khipha ku-20-30 ° С. Amakhaza abanda, ome kakhulu ezwekazini, izinyanga eziningi zobumnyama - lezi yizimo lapho kuhlala khona izinto eziphilayo.
Izici ze-Fauna
Izilwane zase-Antarctica inomlando wayo wasendulo. Esikhathini esedlule, ngisho nama-dinosaurs ayehlala ezwekazini. Kodwa namhlanje azikho ngisho nezinambuzane ngenxa yemimoya ebandayo enamandla.
Namuhla i-Antarctica akuyona eyasembusweni emhlabeni. Umhlaba wemvelo awuthinteki lapha! Izilwane lapha azesabi abantu, ziyabakhathalela, ngoba zazingayazi ingozi evela kumuntu owathola leli zwe elimangalisayo emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka adlule.
Abaningi izilwane zase-Antarctica okufudukayo - akuwona wonke umuntu okwazi ukuhlala endaweni enzima kangaka. Azikho izidumbu zomhlaba ezinemilenze emine kuleli zwekazi. Izilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle, ama-pinnipeds, izinyoni ezinkulu - yilokho izilwane zase-Antarctica. Ividiyo kukhombisa ukuthi impilo yabo bonke abahlali ixhunywe kanjani nolwandle nolwandle namanzi ezwekazi.
I-Zooplankton, enamanzi amaningi azungeze izwe, ingukudla okuyinhloko kwezakhamizi eziningi kusuka ko-penguin, izakhamizi zomdabu zase-Antarctica kuya emikhomeni nasezimpawu.
Izilwane Ezincelisayo Zase-Antarctica
Imikhomo
Abamele izilwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke futhi eziyimfihlakalo emhlabeni. Naphezu kobukhulu bawo obukhulu, kunzima ukutadisha. Impilo enzima yomphakathi, inkululeko yokuhamba, ukuhlala ezimeni ezinzima kukhombisa ubuhlakani babo bemvelo namandla.
Imikhomo yase-Antarctica imelwe yizinhlobo ezimbili: mustachioed and toothed. Okokuqala kufundwa kangcono, njengoba bekuyizinto ezithengiswayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi imikhomo yama-humpback, imikhomo ye-fin, nemikhomo yangempela. Zonke ziphefumula umoya, ngakho-ke ngezikhathi ezithile zikhuphukela phezulu ukugcwalisa izinqolobane zomoya.
Imikhomo ibeletha intsha, ibondle ngobisi kuze kube unyaka. Insikazi yondla amawundlu ukuze ithole isisindo esiphilayo esingu-100 kg ngosuku nje.
Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, (hlanza)
Isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke esinesisindo esingamathani ayi-100-150, ubude bomzimba size sifike kumamitha angama-35. Isisindo esiphelele cishe singamathani ayi-16. Imidondoshiya idla ama-crustaceans amancane, amaningi emanzini olwandle eqhwa. Izimfanzi kuphela ngosuku umkhomo udla kuze kufike ezigidini ezine.
Ukudla ikakhulu kusekelwe eplankton. Ukusefa ukudla kusiza okokuhlunga okwenziwe amapuleti omkhomo whale. Ama-cephalopods nezinhlanzi ezincane, i-krill, nama-crustaceans amakhulu nakho ukudla kwe-whale eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isisu somkhomo sithatha ukudla okungafika kumathani amabili.
Ingxenye engezansi yekhanda, umphimbo nesisu emaphethweni esikhumba, enwebeka lapho igwinya ukudla ngamanzi, ithuthukisa izakhiwo ze-hydrodynamic zomkhomo.
Amehlo okubona, okunuka, okunambitha abuthakathaka. Kodwa ukuzwa nokuthinta kuthuthukiswa ikakhulukazi. Imikhomo ihlala yodwa. Kwesinye isikhathi ezindaweni ezinokudla okuningi, kuvela amaqembu amakhulu ama-3-4, kepha izilwane ziziphatha ngokwehlukile.
Ukujula okujulile kuye ku-200-500 m kushintshana ngokushona okufishane. Ijubane lokuhamba cishe liyi-35-45 km / h. Kungabonakala sengathi umdondoshiya akakwazi ukuba nezitha. Kepha ukuhlaselwa ngumhlambi wemikhomo ebulalayo kuyabulala kubantu ngabanye.
Umkhomo i-humpback (i-humpback)
Ubungako buyisiqingatha somkhomo ohlaza sasibhakabhaka, kepha isimo sokusebenza siyingozi enkulu kulabo abasondele esilwaneni esiyingozi. IGorbach ihlasela ngisho nemikhumbi emincane. Isisindo somuntu oyedwa cishe singamathani angama-35-45.
Uthole igama le-arched eqinile emuva kokubhukuda. Izimpungushe zihlala emihlambini, lapho kwakhiwa khona amaqembu abantu abayi-4-5. Umbala wezilwane uvela kumathoni amnyama namhlophe. Ngemuva kumnyama, isisu sinamabala amhlophe. Umuntu ngamunye unephethini ehlukile.
Umkhomo uhlala kakhulu emanzini asogwini, ushiye ulwandle kuphela ngesikhathi sokufuduka. Ijubane lokubhukuda lifinyelela cishe ku-30 km / h. Ukujula ngokujula okungamamitha angama-300 kuyashintshana ngokuvela ngaphezulu, lapho isilwane sikhipha khona amanzi lapho siphefumula ngomthombo ofinyelela kumamitha amathathu. Ukugxuma phezu kwamanzi, ukubhukuda, ukunyakaza okungazelelwe kuvame ukuhloselwa ukuqeda izinambuzane ezitholakala esikhunjeni saso.
Umkhomo i-humpback ungadla ngaphezu kwetani le-krill ngosuku
I-Seiwal (umkhomo we-willow)
I-minke enkulu yemikhomo ye-baleen efinyelela ku-17-20 m ubude, enesisindo esifinyelela kumathani angama-30. Umhlane umnyama, izinhlangothi zisezindaweni ezincane zombala okhanyayo, isisu esimhlophe. Ikhanda liyikota yesilinganiso sobude besilwane. Ukudla ikakhulu kufaka i-pollock, i-cephalopods, ama-crustaceans anamehlo amnyama.
Ngemuva kokwehliswa kokukhiqizwa komkhomo we-blue whale, i-whale yaba isikhashana ezinhlotsheni zokuhweba ezihamba phambili. Manje ukuzingelwa kwabahlali akuvunyelwe. Izilwane zihlala zodwa, kwesinye isikhathi zibe ngambili. Phakathi kwemikhomo, iba nesivinini esiphakeme kakhulu esingafika kuma-55 km / h, okwenza sikwazi ukugwema ukuhlaselwa kwemikhomo ebulalayo.
I-Finwhal
Umkhomo wesibili ngobukhulu, obizwa ngokuthi yisibindi eside. Izilwane ezincelisayo ziphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-90-95. Umkhomo ungamamitha angama-25 ubude, unesisindo esifinyelela kumathani angama-70. Isikhumba simpunga ngokumnyama, kodwa isisu sikhanya. Emzimbeni, njengeminye imikhomo, kunemisele eminingi evumela umphimbo ukuthi uvuleke kakhulu lapho kubanjwa inyamazane.
Imikhomo i-Fin whales iba nesivinini esifinyelela ku-45 km / h, yehle ize ifike ku-250 m, kepha ingaphansi kwemizuzu eyi-15 ukujula. Imithombo yabo ikhuphukela ku-6 m lapho imidondoshiya iphakama.
Imikhomo ihlala ngamaqembu abantu abayi-6-10. Inala yokudla inyusa inani lezilwane ezisemhlambini. Ukudla kufaka i-herring, isardines, i-capelin, i-pollock. Izinhlanzi ezincane ziyaqoqwa bese zigwinywa ngamanzi. Kufinyelela kumathani ama-2 wezidalwa eziphilayo ngosuku. Ukuxhumana phakathi kwemikhomo kwenzeka kusetshenziswa imisindo yemvamisa ephansi. Bayazwana kude ngamakhulu amakhilomitha.
Imikhomo enamazinyo yombuso weqhwa wase-Antarctica yizilwane eziyingozi kakhulu ezinamaphiko acijile.
Imikhomo yokubulala
Izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu zihlushwa izakhamuzi ezingenakulungiswa ezinamandla okusika: imikhomo, izimvu zamanzi, izimvu zamanzi, ngisho nemikhomo yesidoda. Igama lisuselwa ekuqhathaniseni i-fin ephezulu ngomphetho obukhali nethuluzi lokusika.
Amahlengethwa adla ngokudla ahluke ezihlotsheni zawo ngombala omnyama nomhlophe. Ingemuva nezinhlangothi kumnyama, nomphimbo umhlophe, kukhona umugqa esiswini, ngenhla kwamehlo kunebala elimhlophe. Ikhanda licwecwe kusuka phezulu, amazinyo aguqulelwe ukudwengula inyamazane. Ubude, abantu ngabanye bafinyelela ku-9-10 m.
Uhla lokondla lwemikhomo ebulalayo lubanzi. Zivame ukubonwa eduze kwama-rookeries e-seal noboya. Imikhomo ebulalayo iyingozi kakhulu. Isidingo sansuku zonke sokudla sifinyelela ku-150 kg. Banobuciko obukhulu ekuzingeleni: bacasha ngemuva konqenqema, bajika izintaba zeqhwa ngamaphengwini ukuze baziphonse emanzini.
Izilwane ezinkulu zihlaselwa yiwo wonke umhlambi. Imikhomo ayivunyelwe ukuthi inyukele phezulu, futhi imikhomo yesidoda ayivunyelwe ukungena ekujuleni. Emhlambini wabo, imikhomo ebulalayo inobungane ngokumangazayo futhi inakekela izihlobo ezigulayo noma ezindala.
Lapho izingela, imikhomo ebulalayo isebenzisa umsila wayo ukudunga izinhlanzi
Imikhomo yesidoda
Izilwane ezinkulu ezifika ku-20 m, lapho ikhanda liyingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zomzimba. Ukubukeka okuyingqayizivele ngeke kuvumele i-sperm whale ukuthi idideke nomunye umuntu. Isisindo cishe singamathani angama-50. Phakathi kwemikhomo enamazinyo, i-sperm whale iyona enkulu ngosayizi.
Okwezinyamazane, okudingwa ngosizo lwe-echolocation, icwila ku-2 km. Idla ama-octopus, inhlanzi, i-squid. Ihlala isikhathi esingangehora nesigamu ngaphansi kwamanzi. Unokuzwa okuhle kakhulu.
Imikhomo yesidoda ihlala emihlambini emikhulu yamakhanda amakhulu. Azinazo neze izitha, kuphela imikhomo ebulalayo ehlasela izilwane ezincane noma abesifazane. Umkhomo wesidoda uyingozi kakhulu esimweni esinolaka. Kwakukhona izibonelo lapho izilwane ezinolaka zacwila emikhunjini ye-whaling zabulala amatilosi.
Ibhodlela le-Flat-bottomed
Imikhomo emikhulu enamabunzi amakhulu nemilomo emincane. Zijula emanzini futhi zingabamba kufika ehoreni elilodwa. Benza imisindo ejwayelekile yemikhomo: ukushaya ikhwela, ukububula. Ukushaya umsila emanzini kudlulisa amasiginali kuzalwa.
Bahlala emihlambini yabantu aba-5-6, phakathi kwabo kubusa abesilisa. Ubude bomuntu ngamunye bufinyelela ku-9 m, isisindo esilinganisiwe singamathani ayi-7-8. Ukudla okuyinhloko kwebhodlela yi-cephalopods, squid, inhlanzi.
Izimpawu
Izakhamizi zomdabu zase-Antarctica zivumelane kahle nolwandle olubandayo. Ingqimba yezinwele zomzimba ezinamafutha, ezigqokile, njengegobolondo, ivikela izilwane. Azikho nhlobo izindlebe, kepha izimvu zamanzi azizwanga, zizwa kahle emanzini.
Izilwane ezincelisayo ngesakhiwo nemikhuba yazo zifana nokuxhumanisa okuphakathi phakathi kwezilwane zomhlaba nezasolwandle. Emaphikweni, iminwe iyahlukaniswa, evele nolwelwesi. Futhi bazala izingane zabo emhlabathini bafunde ukubhukuda!
Izilwane ze-Antarctica vula isithombe okuvame ukubanjwa ngezikhathi lapho bethamela khona ilanga, belele ogwini noma bakhukhuleke ku-ice floe. Phansi, izimvu zamanzi zihamba ngokukhasa, zidonse umzimba ngamaphiko azo. Ziphila ngokudla izinhlanzi, octopus. Izilwane eziningi zasolwandle zihlukaniswa njengezimpawu.
Indlovu Yasolwandle
Isilwane esikhulu kakhulu, esingafika kumamitha ama-5 ubude, sinesisindo samathani ayi-2,5. Ebusweni kukhona isibaya esibonakalayo, esifana nesiqu sendlovu, esinquma igama lesilwane esincelisayo. Unamafutha amaningi ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakhe kunenyama. Ngesikhathi sokunyakaza, umzimba uyazamazama njengejeli.
Abatshuzi abahle - ungene emanzini angama-500 m imizuzu engama-20-30. Izimpawu zezindlovu ziyaziwa ngemidlalo yazo enesihluku yokukhwelana lapho zilimazana khona. Ziphila ngokudla iskwidi, imfanzi, inhlanzi.
Ingwe yasolwandle
Phakathi kwezimpawu ezinhle, lolu uhlobo olukhethekile. Igama lihlotshaniswa nombala womzimba onamabala nobunjalo besilwane esikhulu esidlayo. Ikhanda lifana nenyoka. Isisindo esingu-300-400 kg, ubude bomzimba cishe obungu-3-4 m. Izilwane zicwilisa cishe imizuzu eyi-15, ngakho azihambi ngaphansi kweqhwa isikhathi eside.
Zibhukuda ngejubane elingu-40 km / h, njenge-whale killer. Imisipha ethuthukisiwe kanye noqweqwe oluncane lwamafutha kwenza izingwe zivale ukuhamba zihlale zifudumele ezimweni ezinzima. Ihluke ngamandla amakhulu nokushesha.
Izingela izimvu zamanzi, ama-penguin, izinhlanzi ezinkulu, i-squid. Amazinyo acijile adabula izikhumba zezisulu, futhi imihlathi enamandla igaya amathambo njengamatshe okusila.
Uphawu lwe-Weddell
Isilwane esizolile ngamehlo anomusa ngokumangalisayo. Uhlala ogwini lwase-Antarctica. Ingenye yezinhlobo zezimpawu zamanzi eziningi kakhulu. Uchitha isikhathi esiningi emanzini, futhi uphefumula ngezimbobo - izimbobo eqhweni.
Umtshuzi omuhle oziphonsa ku-800 m bese ehlala lapho isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora. Isendlalelo esinonile samafutha afinyelela ku-7 cm sifudumeza isilwane, sibala cishe ingxenye yesithathu yesisindo esiphelele. Isisindo somuntu sisilinganiso esingu-400 kg, kanti ubude bucishe bube ngamamitha amathathu.
Izimpawu ze-Weddell azesabi nakancane abantu, ziyazivumela zisondele kakhulu. Ngemuva kokusondela, baphakamisa amakhanda abo bashaye ikhwela.
Imishado ingaba ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside, isibonelo, ukulinda isivunguvungu esinamandla
Uphawu Crabeater
Phakathi kwezimpawu, lolu hlobo yilo oluningi kakhulu. Abahambi abakhulu. Ebusika zibhukuda ezintabeni zeqhwa zibheke enyakatho, ehlobo zibuyela ogwini lwase-Antarctica. Umzimba omkhulu ongafika ku-4 m ubude ubonakala unwetshiwe, isifonyo sinesimo esilinganayo.
Zihlala zodwa, kuphela kuqhwa olukhukhulekayo lapho zingabonakala khona ngamaqembu. Ngokuphikisana negama layo, idla i-krill, hhayi izinkalankala. Amazinyo akha njengemesh lapho amanzi ehlungwa khona, ukukhishwa kubambezelekile. Izitha zemvelo zama-crabeaters yimikhomo ebulalayo, lapho zisukela khona ngobunono ezintabeni eziphakeme zeqhwa.
Ross uphawu
Ukuthola isilwane akulula. Uthatha umhlalaphansi ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo futhi uzihlalela yedwa, yize engabesabi abantu, uvumela umuntu asondele kuye. Ubukhulu phakathi kwezihlobo bunesizotha kakhulu: isisindo esifinyelela ku-200 kg, ubude bomzimba cishe buyi-2 m.
Kukhona amafolda amaningi entanyeni, lapho uphawu luphindisela khona ikhanda lalo bese luqala ukunyuka emgqonyeni oyindilinga. Umbala wejazi unombala onsundu ngombala oholayo. Isisu siyakhanya. Isilo esikhuluphele futhi esiwumsindo sicula kakhulu. Wenza imisindo emnandi. Ukudla kufaka ama-octopus, squid, namanye ama-cephalopods.
Uphawu loboya beKerguelen
Kuhlala emaphethelweni we-Antarctica, eziqhingini eziseduze. Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, bahlela ama-rooker kuwo, ebusika bathuthela ezindaweni ezifudumele ezisenyakatho. Lezi zilwane zibizwa ngokuthi izimvu zamanzi ezilengisiwe.
Zibukeka njengezinja ezinkulu. Bayakwazi ukugibela emaphikweni abo angaphambili futhi bakhombise ukuguquguquka okukhulu kunezinye izimvu zamanzi. Isisindo somuntu ngamunye silinganiselwa ku-150 kg, ubude bomzimba bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-190. Abesilisa bahlotshiswe ngomhlwenga omnyama onezinwele ezimpunga.
Ukubanjwa kwezimboni kucishe kwaholela ekulahlekelweni kohlobo, kepha ngenxa yemithetho evikelayo, inani lezimpawu zoboya lenyuka, usongo lokuqedwa lwancipha.
Izinyoni
Umhlaba wezinyoni wase-Antarctica uhlukile kakhulu. Okuphawuleka kakhulu ama-penguin, izinyoni ezingakwazi ukundiza ezinamaphiko ezibukeka njengezimpiko. Izilwane zihamba ziqonde ngemilenze emifushane, zihamba ngokungahambi kahle eqhweni, noma zigibele ngesisu, zizisunduza ngemilenze yazo. Buqamama bafana nabesilisa abancane abagqoke amabhantshi amnyama. Bazizwa beqiniseka ngokwengeziwe emanzini, bachitha u-2/3 wempilo yabo lapho. Abantu abadala badla lapho kuphela.
Ukunqoba izilwane zasenyakatho antarctica - amaphengwini. Yibo abakwazi ukumelana nezimo ezinzima zobusuku be-polar ngamakhaza we-minus 60-70 ° C, bazalele amatshwele futhi banakekele izihlobo zabo.
I-Emperor penguin
Ummeleli ohlonipheke kakhulu emndenini wepenguin. Le nyoni icishe ibe ngu-120 cm ubude futhi isisindo sayo singu-40-45 kg. Izimpaphe zangemuva zihlala zimnyama, nesifuba simhlophe, lo mbala osemanzini usiza ukufihla. Entanyeni nasezihlathini ze-emperor penguin, kunezimpaphe eziphuzi ngokusawolintshi. Amaphengwini awahle abe yinhle ngasikhathi sinye. Amachwane aqala ambozwe ngwevu noma abe mhlophe phansi.
Amaphengwini azingela ngamaqembu, ahlasela isikole sezinhlanzi futhi abambe konke okuvela ngaphambili. Ukudla okukhulu kunqunywa ogwini, amancane adliwa emanzini. Befuna ukudla, bahamba amabanga amade, bacwilise kuze kufike ku-500 m.
Indawo yokutshuza kufanele ikhanyiswe ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinyoni zibone kunokuzwa. Ijubane lokuhamba cishe liyi-3-6 km / h. Zingahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi ngaphandle komoya kuze kube imizuzu eyi-15.
Ama-penguin ahlala emakoloni lapho kuhlangana khona abantu abangafika ku-10 000. Bafudumala ngamaqembu aminyene, ngaphakathi lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphukela ku-35 ° С, ngenkathi izinga lokushisa langaphandle likhuphukela ku-20 ° С.
Baqapha ukunyakaza okungapheli kwezihlobo kusuka onqenqemeni lweqembu kuya maphakathi ukuze kungabi khona obandayo. Izitha zemvelo zama-penguin yimikhomo ebulalayo, izimpawu zezingwe. Amaqanda ezinyoni avame ukwebiwa ama-petrels amakhulu noma ama-skuas.
Ama-Emperor penguin azungeza amaphuphu ukuze asinde emakhazeni nasemoyeni
King penguin
Ukubukeka kwangaphandle kufana nesihlobo sombuso, kepha usayizi mncane, umbala ucacile. Ekhanda ezinhlangothini, esifubeni kunamabala anombala osawolintshi ombala ocebile. Isisu simhlophe. Ngemuva, izimpiko zimnyama. Amachwane anombala onsundu. Zakha ezindaweni eziqinile, imvamisa phakathi kwamadwala aphephethwa ngumoya.
U-Adélie Penguins
Isilinganiso sobukhulu bezinyoni singama-60-80 cm, isisindo silinganiselwa ku-6 kg. Umhlane ongaphezulu omnyama, isisu esimhlophe. Kukhona irimu emhlophe ezungeze amehlo. Amakoloni amaningi ahlanganisa izinyoni ezingafika kwesigamu sesigidi.
Imvelo yamaphengwini inelukuluku lokwazi, iyashesha, iyabutheka. Lokhu kubonakala kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezidleke, lapho omakhelwane beba njalo amatshe abalulekile. Umbukiso wezinyoni ugcwele umsindo. Ngokungafani nezihlobo ezinamahloni zezinye izinhlobo, u-Adélie uyinyoni ethambile. I-Krill isenhliziyweni yokudla kwabo. Kudingeka kuze kufike ku-2 kg wokudla ngosuku.
I-Adelie penguin ibuya njalo ngonyaka endaweni efanayo yokwakha izidleke kanye nakuzakwethu ofanayo
I-Macaroni penguin (i-dandy penguin)
Leli gama lisuselwa kunqwaba yezimpaphe eziphuzi ezikhanyayo ekhanda ngaphezu kwamehlo. I-crest yenza kube lula ukukhomba i-dandy. Ukukhula cishe kungama-70-80 cm.Amakholoni aqoqa abantu abangafika kuma-60,000.
Ukumemeza nolimi lwezandla kuyasiza ukuxhumana. I-dandy penguin ihlala kuyo yonke i-Antarctica, lapho kutholakala khona amanzi.
Petrel omkhulu
Isidalwa esindizayo esingazingeli izinhlanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-penguin. Ayinqabi isidumbu uma ithola izidumbu zezimpawu noma ezinye izilwane ezincelisayo. Ukuzala eziqhingini eziseduze nase-Antarctica.
Amaphiko amakhulu ezinyoni ezi-slate-grey, acishe abe ngu-3 m, akhaphela izihambi ezinamandla.Ngokuqinisekile bathola indawo yabo yokwakha izidleke eyizinkulungwane zamakhilomitha kude! Bayakwazi ukusebenzisa amandla omoya futhi bayandiza bezungeza umhlaba.
Amatilosi abiza izinyoni ngokuthi "zinuka" ngephunga elingemnandi, uhlobo lokuvikelwa ezitheni. Ngisho iphuphu esidlekeni lingakhipha umsele oketshezi ngephunga elibi lapho lizwa ingozi. Amandla, ulaka, ukuhamba banikwa zona kusukela bezalwa.
I-Albatross
Izinyoni ezinkulu ezinamaphiko amaphiko amamitha ama-4, ubude bomzimba cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-130. Lapho zindiza, zifana neziswazi ezimhlophe. Bazizwa behle ngezinto ezahlukahlukene: umoya namanzi. Zihamba ngokungaqiniseki phansi, kepha zisuka emithambekeni noma enqeni yegagasi. Eyaziwa ngamatilosi njengemikhumbi ehambisana nayo - kukhona ongakondla kusuka kudoti.
Ama-albatross abizwa ngokuhambahamba okuphakade ngoba ahlala elima ubukhulu bolwandle, efuna inyamazane. Bangakwazi ukutshuza ngenhloso yokuthola izinhlanzi ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-5. Zakha eziqhingini ezinamadwala. Bakha imibhangqwana impilo yabo yonke, futhi banesikhathi eside, kuze kube yiminyaka engama-50.
Skua omkhulu
Inyoni yase-Antarctic, isihlobo se-gull. Iphiko lifinyelela ku-40 cm ubude.Indiza ngokuphelele, ngekhono isheshisa noma yehlise indiza. Iyakwazi ukuhlala endaweni yayo, ishaye amaphiko ayo, ijike ngokushesha, ihlasele ngokushesha isisulu.
Ihamba kahle phansi. Idla izinyoni ezincane, amatshwele angaphandle, izilwane, ayideleli udoti. Uyaphanga, ethatha izinhlanzi kwezinye izinyoni, hhayi ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuqina futhi kuqinile emazingeni okushisa aphansi.
Amaphiko e-skua afinyelela ku-140 cm
I-plover emhlophe
Inyoni encane enezimpaphe ezimhlophe. Izimpiko ezincane, imilenze emifushane. Lapho zihamba ngokushesha emhlabathini, zinikina amakhanda azo njengamajuba. Ama-plovers wokwakha izidleke ogwini olunamadwala, phakathi kwamakholoni ama-penguin.
Omnivorous. Zizingela ngokweba inhlanzi ezinyoni ezinkulu, zintshontshe amaqanda namachwane. Unganqikazi ukuchitha udoti. Ngisho nasematshweleni abo bashiya elilodwa, abanye bayadliwa.
Isiphepho sikaWilson
Inyoni encane emnyama empunga, ebizwa ngokuthi i-sea swallow ngobukhulu bayo obufanayo nezimpawu zayo zokundiza. Ubude bomzimba bungaba ngu-15-19 cm, amaphiko afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-40. Ukujika kwawo, ukuhamba emoyeni kuyashesha, kubukhali, kukhanye.
Kwesinye isikhathi kubukeka sengathi zihlala phansi emanzini, zidansa ngemilenze yazo emide phezulu. Iminwe ibonakala iboshwe ulwelwesi oluphuzi. Ngakho-ke baqoqa inyamazane encane, bangene ngokujula, ngamasentimitha ayi-15 kuya ku-20. Bahlangana emakoloni emadwaleni, bese bezalela lapho.
Wonke umuntu uyaqonda yiziphi izilwane ezihlala e-Antarctica, - kuphela abanamandla kunabo bonke abangahlala ezwenikazi eline-permafrost kanye ne-bask olwandle lweqhwa. Umhlaba wemvelo lapha uqeda ababuthakathaka.
Kepha amaqiniso amangazayo akhombisa ukuthi izilwane eziningi ngaphakathi kohlobo lwazo zinobungane futhi zinakekela izihlobo zazo. Isimo sangaphandle siyabahlanganisa. Kuphela ngemfudumalo yabo nemihlambi yabo eminingi, bagcina impilo e-Antarctica enokhahlo futhi engaqondakali.
