Ngamunye wethu kusuka ebuntwaneni ujwayele izinyoni, isici esimangazayo nesokwehlukanisa okungukungqongqoza okuqhubekayo kokhuni. Umqophamithi, okungukuthi, leli yigama lalezimpaphe elomndeni wokhula lukhuni kanye ne-twirls. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 zeziqophamithi emvelweni. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo inezici zayo, kepha kunokufana okuningi phakathi kwazo.
Izici zemvelo
Indawo yokuhlala izinyoni zezinkuni waphawula cishe yonke indawo. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yizifunda ze-circumpolar, insimu yase-Australia nezinye iziqhingi zasolwandle.
Lezi zinyoni zihlala zihlala phansi. Bangathuthela kwenye indawo ngesizathu esisodwa kuphela - ukungabi nokudla. Ngemuva kokuthuthela ezindaweni zabo zomdabu umuthi wokhuni ayibuyiswa.
Izinyoni zizama ukuqhela lapho kuhlala khona abantu. Kepha kunezikhathi empilweni yabo lapho kuba nokudla okuncane nokuncane. Lokhu kubaphoqa ukuthi bahlale eduze kwalowo muntu. Phela lapho kuhlala khona umuntu kuhlala kukhona ukudla.
Sisebancane kakhulu, siyazi ukuthi abagawuli bokhuni yibo abahlelekile bangempela behlathi. Ngenxa yemizamo yalaba basebenzi abakhulu, isibalo esikhulu sezinambuzane eziyingozi kanye nezibungu zazo ziyabhujiswa nsuku zonke, obekungaletha ukulimala okungakholeki emahlathini nasemasimini engadi.
Ngenxa yomgodi wazo, lezi zinyoni ezimangalisayo azikhethi isihlahla esiphilayo, kodwa leso okungekho kuzo izimpawu zokuphila. Abakwa-Woodpeckers bakhetha amahlathi ukuze bahlale kuwo ngoba impilo yabo yonke ihlobene kakhulu nezihlahla.
Bathanda i-taiga, amahlathi ahlanganisiwe, nezinye izikhala eziluhlaza. Kunezinhlobo ezithile zabagawuli bezinkuni abathi, uma isihlahla singekho, zingahlala ku-cactus enkulu.
Ezinye izinhlobo zeziqophamithi zikhetha ukuhlala ku-cacti
Abagawuli bezinkuni bomhlaba futhi ungaphatheki kabi nhlobo emathafeni nasogwadule. Umsindo ofanayo wezimpaphe ozwakala kuyo yonke indawo usikisela ukuthi isiqophamithi siyasebenza. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukutshalwa okuningi kuzosindiswa.Ukufa kwama-woodpeckers, okwenzeka ngephutha le-hawk, inyoka, i-marten, i-lynx nomuntu, kungaholela eqinisweni lokuthi izinambuzane eziyingozi zizoya ngokuya zanda.
Futhi inani labo elinyukile ligcwele umthelela esimweni esijwayelekile sezikhala eziluhlaza. Ngakho-ke, umuntu kufanele ngazo zonke izindlela avikele lezi zinyoni. Isikhathi esithile sizodlula futhi ihlathi elihlengiwe ngokuhlelekile lizosindisa inani elikhulu lezihlahla, ngoba konke okusemhlabeni kungokwemvelo futhi kuxhumene.
Umqhumbuzi womhlabathi
Incazelo yenyoni
Ubude besiqophamithi bufinyelela cishe kumasentimitha angama-25. Izinyoni zinesisindo esingeqile ku-100 g Kodwa kukhona okuhlukile phakathi kwazo. Isibonelo, ubude besihlahla somuthi saseMüllerian cishe bungu-50 cm, futhi isisindo saso singaphezu kwama-500 g. Kukhona phakathi kwabo abamele abancane kunabo bonke, ubukhulu babo bulingana nobukhulu be-hummingbird. Ubude, izinyoni ezinjalo azikhuli ngaphezu kwama-8 cm, futhi zinesisindo esingu-7 g.
Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba womgawuli wokhuni uqhwaku lwawo oluqinile, oluhlukaniswa ngokuba bukhali kwawo namandla. Ama-bristles ayabonakala emakhaleni ezinsiba, okuyisivikelo sazo esithembekile kuma-chips ezindiza ezihlahleni.
Ukhakhayi lunesakhiwo esiqinile impela. Usindisa izinyoni ekushayweni okungenzeka. Izimpiko ezinezimpaphe zinobude obumaphakathi. Ngenxa yobukhali bawo nosayizi omncane, abagawuli bokhuni bangandiza kalula phakathi kwezihlahlana zezihlahla.
Emilenzeni emfushane yenyoni, iminwe emine iyabonakala, eqondiswe ngokulinganayo ezinhlangothini eziphambene. Okuhlukile kunohlobo lwabagawuli bezinkuni ababizwa ngamazinyo amathathu. Ngosizo lwesakhiwo esinjalo sezidladla, kulula kakhulu ukuthi inyoni igcine ukuma okuqondile esihlahleni kuwo wonke umsebenzi wayo onzima, kanye nokuhamba ngayo.
Izimpaphe zeWoldpecker zinesakhiwo esiqinile kakhulu, ikakhulukazi endaweni yomsila. Umbala wayo yiwo ohluke kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ingxenye yabo engenhla idwetshiwe ngamathoni amnyama noma ahlukahlukene, phansi ilula kancane (imhlophe noma mpunga).
Inhloko yabo bonke abagawuli bezinkuni ihlotshiswe ngekepisi elihle elibomvu. Lesi esinye isici esivelayo kubo. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezinjalo zabagawuli bezinkuni, lapho kutholakala khona amathoni egolide, aluhlaza namhlophe.
Abesifazane banokuhluka okuthile kwabesilisa. Ngokuvamile umuthi wokhuni onamabala Ungowesilisa. Embala wabesifazane, kunemibala enokuthula engathathi hlangothi. Abanaso isigqoko esikhanya kangako ekhanda nasemsileni.
Okuvame ukutholakala emvelweni umuthi omkhulu wokhuni. Ubude bayo bungu-27 cm, inyoni inesisindo esifinyelela ku-100 g. Umbala wezimpaphe zale nyoni umnyama futhi umhlophe. Indawo encane ngemuva kwekhanda nasendaweni yomsila ongaphezulu, ependwe ngombala obomvu noma opinki, yenza izimpaphe zibe nemibala egqamile kunabo bonke abanye abazalwane.
Indlela Yokuphila
Lezi zinyoni zithanda ukuhlala zodwa. Kuphela ngesikhathi sokuzalela lapho bezama ukudala ngababili. Kukhona abagawuli bezinkuni, isibonelo, ama-acorn, abathanda ukuhlala emihlambini.
Ngokuqondene namazwi ezinyoni, ayahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo. Kepha ngezinga elikhulu, abagawuli bezinkuni abathandi ukwenza imisindo. Baxhumana ngesibhamu esishaywe izinyoni esihlahleni. Imisindo yayo iyashintsha kuye ngohlobo lwezinkuni, umswakama emoyeni nezinye izinto eziningi.
Lalela ukushaya nokuhlabelela kokhuni lwenkuni
Ngosizo lwale misindo, izinyoni zehlukanisa izindawo zazo futhi zidonse ukunaka kwabobulili obuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, ukungqongqoza okuvame ukuzwakala kwabagawuli bokhuni kubonisa ukuthi izinyoni sezingene enkathini yokukhwelana.
Ukundiza kwezinyoni kulula futhi kulula. Leli khono kuphela abalisebenzisa kaningi. Ngokuyinhloko, banelisekile ngokushaya phakathi kwezihlahla ezimile eduze nokukhasa ngeziqu, baphumule emisileni eqinile.
Esithombeni kunesihlahla somuthi esihlaza okotshani
Ingozi ayiphoqi izinyoni ukuba zicashe ngokushesha endaweni. Bathuthela ngaphesheya kwesihlahla futhi ngomoya ophansi babone ukuthi kwenzekani lapho. Ibanga eliseduze kakhulu phakathi kwaso nomzingeli okwenza inyoni indize ihambe.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ama-Woodpeckers anezinambuzane kwimenyu yawo. Bazithola ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Lezo zinhlobo ezikhetha ukuhlala ezihlahleni zithola ukudla kwazo ngaphansi kwamagxolo azo. Le nyoni ikwenza lokhu ngokuqapha okukhulu, ngizama ukulimaza umuthi ngokwawo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ngomlomo oqinile, umqali wokhuni wenza imbobo encane kumagxolo, bese kuthi ngolimi olude kakhulu akhiphe isibungu sezinambuzane lapho. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ubude bolimi lwesiqoki sokhuni buyalingana nobude bemilomo yalo eminingi. Olimini lwakhe kunameva akhethekile inyoni enamathela kuwo.
Isigangi somthi sazi kanjani kahle ukuthi kufanele senze imbobo kuphi? Konke kulula kakhulu. Inyoni inezindlebe ezinhle kakhulu. Umqali wokhuni uzwa umsindo omncane nje ngaphansi kwegxolo lesihlahla. Abakwa-Woodpeckers abahlala emathafeni noma ogwadule babheka ukudla kuphela ebusweni bomhlaba.
Ubumnandi obuthandwa kakhulu ngababulali bezinkuni mabhungane, amacimbi, izibungu, izimvemvane, izintuthwane, izibungu. Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokhu kudla kwezilwane, badla ngokudla kwezitshalo. Imvamisa, abagawuli bezinkuni abahlala ezindaweni ezibandayo baphendukela kulolu hlobo lokudla.
Bakushintsha ngokuphelele ukungabikho kwezinambuzane ngamantongomane, iphayini kanye nembewu ye-spruce. Kukhona isihlahla somuthi esiyi-acorn, isibiliboco saso esiyintandokazi ngama-acorn. Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zalezi zinyoni okubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ziphuze ubisi lwesihlahla.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ama-Woodpeckers angazala yedwa noma kabili ngonyaka. Kuyo yonke isizini, lo mbhangqwana uhlala uthembekile komunye nomunye. Isikhathi sokukhwelana sezinyoni siqala ngoFebhuwari. Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho ukuthepha kwabo ezihlahleni kuzwakala kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, owesilisa uzama ukudonsa ukunakwa kwesifazane, futhi umbhangqwana osuvele wakha indawo yawo ngokungqongqoza.
Ukuze bahlale, abagawuli bezinkuni bakhetha imigodi eyenziwe ngomlomo wabo. Bazama ukungazinzile komunye umuntu. Izinyoni ziguqula imigodi yazo minyaka yonke. Imigodi yesigodo esilahliwe ithandwa ezinye izinyoni, ezihlala kuzo ngentokozo enkulu.
Isigaxa sezinkuni sisebenzisa cishe izinsuku eziyi-7 ukuthuthukisa amakhaya aso. Ngokuqondene nabagawuli bobumba, bazizwa behle kakhulu emigodini embiwe. Imvamisa ukujula kwabo kufinyelela ku-1 m.
Insikazi izalela amaqanda amabili kuya kwayisishiyagalolunye endaweni yokuhlala enethezekile. Isikhathi sokufukamela sihlala cishe izinsuku eziyi-18. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzalwa amaphuphu anqunu, angaboni nangenakuzisiza, abhekelwa ngabazali bobabili cishe amasonto ama-5.
Esemncane, amatshwele esihlahla somuthi aminzile ngendlela emangalisayo. Lokhu kubanikeza amandla ngokushesha. Amachwane adinga cishe inyanga ukuze aqine futhi ame ephikweni. Ngemuva kwalokho, bayaphuma esidlekeni bahole indlela yokuphila ezimele kanye nabantu abadala. Isikhathi sokuphila kwale nyoni iminyaka eyi-8-12.
Esithombeni, umuthi wokhuni onekhanda elimpunga
Ukugcina isiqophamithi ekuthunjweni
Ama-Woodpeckers awavamisile ukubonakala ekuthunjweni ngoba kunzima ukubanikeza ukudla abakuthandayo. Ukuze inyoni ikhululeke futhi ikhululeke, idinga i-aviary enkulu enezimila, ngaphansi kwegxolo ongazitholela ukudla kulo. Le nyoni ingalimaza umlomo wayo oqinile uma uziphatha nayo ungahlosile.
