Emuva ngo-67 wekhulu elidlule leminyaka, kwakukhona obhejane abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi nantathu e-Afrika kuphela. Manje endle cishe bahambile. Izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela ezihlala ezindaweni ezivikelwe zikazwelonke.
Uphondo lobhejane lunenani elikhulu lezinto ezibonakalayo, ngakho babulawa ngonya, belahla amakhulu emizimba efile ebingasadingeki. Imithi yaseMpumalanga isithole isicelo sabo, idala imishanguzo ehlukahlukene yobusha nempilo ende. Zisetshenziswa futhi ngamagugu emsebenzini wawo. Izizwe eziningi zase-Afrika kuthiwa uphondo lukabhejane ngisho nezinye izimfanelo zomlingo.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Obhejane bahlala ezwenikazi lase-Afrika eRepublic of the Congo, eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeSudan, enyakatho-mpumalanga yeZaire, eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Angola, amazwe aseMozambique naseZimbabwe, empumalanga yeNamibia.
Ubhejane waseNdiya
Ososayensi bahlukanisa obhejane abahlala e-Afrika babe yizinhlobo ezimbili - ezimhlophe nezimnyama. Eqinisweni, akukho mehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo, futhi umbala wabo uncike ngokuphelele kumbala wokungcola lapho bewela khona.
Izwekazi lase-Asia kuhlala obhejane baseNdiya, baseJavan naseSumatran. Bathanda izindawo eziphansi, kepha qiniseka ukuthi unohlobo oluthile lwamanzi aseduze. Kwesinye isikhathi obhejane bangatholakala nasezixhaphozini.
Obhejane, hhayi ama-artiodactyl, izilwane ezincelisayo, yizilwane zesibili ngobukhulu. Zinesisindo esingamathani amabili nohhafu kuya kwamathathu. Ubude bomzimba wayo bucishe bube ngamamitha amathathu, kanti ukuphakama kwayo kuyimitha elilodwa nohhafu.
Umehluko omncane phakathi kobhejane ukuthi umlomo omnyama ongenhla uthinta ekhoneni ngasekugcineni bese ulenga phansi. Phila mnyama obhejane ezindaweni lapho kunezihlahla eziningi khona kanye nezihlahlana. Futhi abamhlophe, kunalokho, bahlala lapho kunotshani obuningi khona. Obhejane base-Asia bafuna ixhaphozi elikhule kakhulu futhi bahlala khona unomphela.
Isici sobhejane - lolu luphondo lwakhe olukhulu, ngisho nambili, futhi kwesinye isikhathi luthathu, kodwa lunye kuphela olukhulu, olweqise kakhulu. Awuqukethe izicubu zethambo, kodwa isikhumba kanye nezinwele eziwele phansi, ezifana nalezi ezakha izinselo zesilwane. Isakhiwo sayo siqinile futhi siyisikhali esinamandla.
Uphondo, olunkulu kunawo wonke ekugcineni kwempumu, lufinyelela kuhhafu wemitha ubude, futhi esisekelweni salo luyindilinga noma luhlobo lwe-trapezoid. Ubhejane wase-Asia unophondo olulodwa kuphela, uma kukhona okungahambi kahle bese kwephuka, akukho lutho olwesabekayo, nakanjani luzokhula olusha.
Inhloso yezimpondo zobhejane ikakhulukazi ukudla, ukuwahlahla phakathi kwezihlahla eziminyene namagatsha ezihlahla. Kancane kancane - ukuvikelwa, ngoba ikhanda elikhulu nezidladla lapho isilwane inyathela khona emhlabathini wesitha.
Ukuma kwekhanda lobhejane kungunxande, kuyindilinga. Izindlebe zinde, isilwane singaziphendukisa ngezindlela ezihlukile. Entanyeni kukhona isibaya esikhulu samafutha ngesimo se-hump.
Ubhejane waseSumatran
Imilenze yabo inamandla futhi isongwe ngokufanele, kanti emilenzeni kabhejane kunezinzwane ezintathu ezinkulu, futhi ngayinye yazo inenselo. Umsila kabhejane mncane ngentambo ethanjeni, okucishe kufane nokwengulube.
Ukucabangela isithombe sobhejane kubonakala sengathi umzimba wakhe awumboziwe ngesikhumba, kepha ngekokai okuthile zbrue, amafolda afana neposi lensimbi yensimbi avikela umzimba wesilwane esincelisayo. Isikhumba sobhejane asingeneki, ngoba ubukhulu baso cishe ngamasentimitha ayisikhombisa.
Obhejane banamehlo amancane, ababoni lutho ngaphandle kwamakhala abo. Kepha bezwa kahle futhi babamba iphunga kusuka kude.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila kabhejane
Obhejane besilisa bahlala bodwa, futhi khumbula abesifazane kuphela ngezikhathi zokukhwelana. Abesifazane, njengomama abakhathalelayo, bahlala namazinyane abo.
Njengoba obhejane bengalokothi bathutheleke ndawo, futhi bagcwale indawo kanye nokuphila konke, ngakho-ke bakhetha indawo ngokucophelela okukhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kube khona umthombo wamanzi eduze.
Obhejane abadingi nje kuphela amanzi, kodwa futhi nodoti ogwini. Isilwane singafinyelela kumswakama onika impilo, sihlanganise amabanga amakhilomitha amaningi. Futhi sengivele ngiyifinyelele, izowela odakeni, ngihlanza isikhumba sami esinolaka ngezinambuzane eziyimifino.
Isilwane naso sidinga ukungcola ukuze sibalekele ilanga elikhipha umkhovu etsheni, ngoba yize isikhumba siwugqinsi, sisha ngokushesha okukhulu. Isibonelo, ubhejane wase-Asia usemanzini ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kushisa, ngokungafani nowase-Afrika.
Ngisho nasezimuncwini zesikhumba nasemikhawulweni, izilwane zihlengwa yizinyoni - izinkanyezi zenyathi. Zihlala ngqo ngemuva kobhejane, zilandela njalo "umngani wazo omkhulu".
Lezi zilwane ezinkulu ziyasebenza ikakhulukazi ebusuku, emini zilala emanzini nasodakeni, ziyalala, kuthi emuva kokushona kwelanga ziphume ziyofuna ukudla.
Ngamehlo angaboni kahle, ubhejane, ukuze angaphambuki, ushiya izimpawu ezithile ezinukayo kuwo wonke umhlaba (lokhu kungukungcola kwendle). Ngakho-ke, ngokulandela iphunga lazo, isilwane asisoze salahleka futhi ngeke silahlekelwe yikhaya laso.
Ubhejane wase-Afrika
Uhlobo lobhejane alunangxabano. Futhi uma isilwane singacasulwa, asisoze safika kuqala. Bazwana kahle nezilwane ezingomakhelwane, ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa indawo bodwa. Kepha lapho owesifazane enengane encane, khona-ke ulahla ngolaka kukho konke okusondelayo, ubabheka njengezitha ezingaba khona.
Obhejane babukeka bebakhulu, bexakile futhi bexakile, kepha lokhu kuyiphutha elingelihle ngabo. Ngempela, uma kunesidingo, ingasheshisa ukuze ijubane layo lifinyelele kumakhilomitha angamashumi amane ngehora!
Ukudla okunomsoco
Kunzima ukukholelwa, kepha inyama ayidingeki nhlobo ukondla isilo esikhulu. Ukudla kwabo kungukudla kwezitshalo kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, obhejane abamhlophe badla utshani ngezinga elikhulu, ngoba izindebe zabo zisongwe kakhulu - engenhla yinde futhi iyisicaba.
Ngakho-ke, badla imifino njengezinkomo. Kepha kobhejane abamnyama, udebe olungaphezulu luyancipha futhi lukhombe, futhi ngosizo lwalo, isilwane sidabula kalula amaqabunga emagatsheni.
Izihlahlana ezincane kanye namahlathi amakhulu ngisho notshani obunameva kukhiwa yizilwane zase-Afrika ngqo ezimpandeni bese zihlafunwa ngaphandle kobunzima. Kwakunezimo lapho obhejane bezulazula emasimini epulazi, lapho-ke kwenzeka inkinga yangempela ngoba babedla konke okungadliwa, banyathele okuseleyo, bashiye imisele yonke ngemuva.
Ubhejane omnyama wesifazane (Diceros bicornis) onethole elinezinsuku ezimbili ubudala
Ukugcwalisa umzimba, isilwane sidinga ukudla okungenani utshani obungamakhilogremu ayisikhombisa. Zinezisu eziqinile kangangokuba ngisho nokudla ubisi lwe-milkweed olunobuthi, akuzange kuthinte impilo yesilwane nganoma iyiphi indlela.
Amanzi nawo adlala indima ebalulekile emzimbeni weqhawe. Esikhathini esishisayo, udinga ukuphuza ngaphezu kwamalitha ayikhulu namashumi amahlanu oketshezi ngosuku. Uma isimo sezulu sipholile, okungenani amalitha amanzi angamashumi amahlanu isilwane obhejane kufanele uphuze.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Njengoba sesivele sazi, obhejane bahlala ngababili, kodwa hhayi owesilisa nowesifazane. Ubumbano oluqinile lwakhiwa phakathi kukamama nenyama. Futhi abesilisa bahlala bodwa ngokukhazimulayo kuze kufike isikhathi sokukhwelana.
Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka entwasahlobo, kepha hhayi kuphela. Ezinyangeni zokwindla, obhejane nabo bathanda ukubandayo. Indoda ngokushesha ithola insikazi ngephunga lendle yayo, kodwa uma kwenzeka ngokuzumayo ihlangane nembangi endleleni, khona-ke umuntu kufanele alindele umzabalazo oshubile phakathi kwabo.
Izilwane zizolwa kuze kube esinye sazo siwela phansi ngomzimba wonke. Izingane nazo zisengozini, njengoba zinganyathelwa ngephutha. Kwenzeka nokuthi izimpi zaphetha ngokufa kwesinye sezimbangi.
Ngemuva kwalokho, cishe izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili, abathandi bazothandana, bahole impilo ehlangene, balungiselele ukukhwelana. Ukuya ocansini okukodwa kobhejane kungahlala ngaphezu kwehora.
Ubhejane waseJavan
Masinyane ngemuva kokulingana, owesilisa uhamba isikhathi eside, futhi mhlawumbe kuze kube phakade, inkosikazi yakhe yenhliziyo. Intokazi ihamba ikhefu lokukhulelwa izinyanga eziyishumi nesithupha ezinde.
Imvamisa obhejane besifazane bazala ingane eyodwa, kuyaqabukela babe babili. Ingane inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angamashumi amahlanu, igcwele amandla namandla, ngoba ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ilandela umama wayo ngesibindi. Izinyanga eziyi-12-24, umama uzoncelisa ingane ngobisi lwebele.
Ngokuzayo lapho inzalo izobe isineminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu kuphela izele. Ingane edlule ihambe iyofuna ikhaya elisha, noma ingabi khona umama isikhashana, kuze kukhuliswe umfowabo omncane noma udadewabo.
