Abantu namahlengethwa. Buphi ubuhlobo balaba bantu ababili abaphilayo beplanethi yoMhlaba? Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi intuthuko yabantu ayilutho futhi akekho emhlabeni wonke. Kepha lo mbono oyiphutha kudala uphikisiwe ososayensi, abaqinisekise ukuthi amahlengethwa mahle kakhulu, ahlakaniphile futhi ayindida. Kunokuhlangana okuningi ebuchosheni babo kunabantu.
Bangakhuluma ngendlela yabo. Silulumagama sabo siqukethe amagama angama-14 ayizinkulungwane. Ukuthuthuka kokuxhumeka komphakathi kanye nokuzazi kulezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezimangalisayo kusezingeni eliphezulu.
Ihlengethwa lehlengethwa lehlengethwa omele okugqamile futhi ovame kakhulu kulezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezihlakaniphile. Uyinhlobo efundwe kahle kakhulu. I-bottle-nosed - ebizwa kanjalo Ihlengethwa iBottlenose.
Zibonisa ubungani obumangalisayo kubantu, zingathanjiswa kalula. Ngokuvamile, ubudlelwano nabantu bamahlengethwa buyakhathazeka kakhulu futhi busondele. Kwakunezimo ezingaphezu kwesisodwa lapho lezi zidalwa ezifana nomkhomo zisindisa abantu ababeminza ezimweni ezazibonakala zingenathemba.
Abathakathi bokujula kolwandle. Bebelokhu beheha ukunakwa okukhethekile kubo uqobo. Ngisho elula isithombe sehlengethwa ihlengethwa le-bottlenose kubangela abantu injabulo emangalisayo futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukuthula. Kungenzeka, wadalelwa ukuhlwanyela ubumnene, ukuthula nomusa okuzungezile.
Incazelo nezici zehlengethwa le-bottlenose
Lokhu akusho ukuthi amahlengethwa ama-bottlenose mancane. Ezinye zazo zifinyelela ku-2-2.5 m ubude futhi zinesisindo esifinyelela ku-300 kg. Kepha lokhu akuwona umkhawulo wamapharamitha abo. E-UK, ngokwesibonelo, zikhulu kakhulu.
Lawo ma-cetacean ahlala eduze nogu anokuhluka okuphawulekayo kumahlengethwa asebhodleleni ahlala olwandle oluvulekile. Abanaso isakhiwo esifanayo sogebhezi nezinye izinkomba ze-hemoglobin. Amahlengethwa mancane futhi ayahamba, anomzimba oguquguqukayo.
Umbala wazo ongemuva uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okumnyama, esiswini uphenduka umbala okhanyayo omhlophe noma we-beige. Akuvamile ukuthola labo abanamaphethini ezinhlangothini. Azaziwa kangako futhi azibonakali kakhulu futhi zishintsha ngokuvama.
Amaphiko abo agadla. Zihlobisa iqolo, isifuba nomsila. Lokhu akuyona kuphela intambo enhle yobucwebe. Benza njengesibambisi sokushisa. Impilo yamahlengethwa incike kuyo. Kwakunezimo ezingaphezu kwesisodwa ezidabukisayo zokufa kwesilwane esincelisayo ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngehlengethwa le-bottlenose kunolwazi mayelana nokuxhumana kwabo nabantu. Ngokushesha zinamathela kubantu ngakho-ke kulula ukuziqeqesha. Ihlengethwa elithambile, elidedelwa olwandle oluvulekile, lihlala libuya njalo.
Noma ethanda inkululeko ngaphezu kobugqila, ngezikhathi ezithile usazovakashela umuntu. Isifiso sokuxhumana kanye nokuxhumana okusondelene kwalezi zidalwa ezimbili ngaso sonke isikhathi kubangele injabulo nesisa. Lesi silwane kubhekwe ukuthi silingise umqeqeshi waso.
Elinye iqiniso elihehayo ukuthi ku-cetacean, ama-hemispheres alo amabili angasebenza ngokushintshana. Ngokuqondene nombono wabo, awukho ezingeni. Kepha athuthukise ukuzwa, ngenxa yawo, amahlengethwa azulazula olwandle.
Zibhukuda ngokushesha. Afinyelela kalula isivinini esifika ku-50 km / h bese eqa aze afike kumamitha ayi-5. Amaphaphu asebenza njengezitho zawo zokuphefumula. Babamba umoya hhayi njengabantu ngamakhala abo, kodwa nge-blowhole. Ngakho-ke, zikwazi ukubamba umoya ngaphansi kwamanzi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15.
Isikhumba seDolphin sinezinto ezinhle zokuzivuselela. Amanxeba abo aphola ngokushesha okuphindwe kasishiyagalombili nangokuphumelelayo kunamanxeba abantu. Amahlengethwa e-Bottlenose akwazi ukusingatha izinhlungu kalula. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umzimba wabo uqobo ukhiqiza i-anesthetic efana ne-morphine.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi bangabona ukunambitheka, bahlukanise phakathi kokunoshukela nosawoti, okumuncu nokubabayo. Ngubani owake wezwa Ihlengethwa Umsindo Bottlenose Ihlengethwa abasoze bakwazi ukubakhohlwa. Ulimi lwabo alujwayelekile futhi luthakazelisa kabuhlungu.
Kufanele ukhulume nabo isikhashana ukuqonda yini umsindo owenziwa amahlengethwa asebhodlela. Zishaya amakhwela futhi zishaye lapho zidinga ukuxhumana okuthile nozakwabo.
Ukuxhumana kwe-Ultrasonic kuyabasebenzela lapho bedinga ukuqonda isimo, ukukhomba ukuphazamiseka okungenzeka, kanye nangesikhathi sokuzingela. Abantu kudala bafunda ukusebenzisa le misindo ye-sonar yamahlengethwa ekwelashweni.
Ihlengethwa ngalinye linikezwa igama elithile lomsindo lapho lizalwa. Umkhumbula kuze kube phakade. Uma ngaphambili lokhu bekuwukucatshangwa kososayensi kuphela, manje sekuvele kuthathwe njengeqiniso elifakazelwe.
Ucwaningo olunentshisekelo lwenziwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Ukuzalwa kwengane dolphin enohlobo oluthile lomsindo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngenkathi kuqoshwa lo msindo, kwakungumntwana owabhukula waya kule "kholi".
Ososayensi baye bahlola ukuzazi kwabo izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Babekwazi ukuzibona kalula esibukweni. Lokhu kusebenze njengesiqinisekiso esibaluleke kakhulu.
Indlela yokuphila kanye nendawo yokuhlala
Lezi zidalwa ezithokozisayo zithanda ukuqhubeka nokuhlala phansi. Ziyaqoqana emihlambini emincane, zihlala, zizale, zizingele. Isikhathi sasemini sikhethelwa ukuzingela. Zilala phezu kwamanzi ebusuku. Futhi phakathi nosuku bayabhukuda futhi bajabulelane. Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, zingaphambukela eqenjini noma zikwenze zodwa.
Ihlengethwa lehlengethwa elibizwa nge-bottlenose liyaphila eduze kweziqhingi zaseGreenland, olwandle lwaseNorway, iBaltic, Olubomvu, iMedithera, iCaribbean, eGulf of Mexico, eduze kweNew Zealand, Japan ne-Argentina.
Banethezekile emanzini afudumele, futhi abesabi amakhaza. Kwesinye isikhathi impilo yabo yokuhlala nje ingashintshwa ibe yimizulane. Ngenxa yokungazinzi kwamahlengethwa, ajwayele ukuguqula imihlambi. Imvamisa ihlengethwa eliyinhloko elinamapharamitha amakhulu liyahola emhlambini.
Kukhona okungu-4 izinhlobo zamahlengethwa amahlengethwa angama-bottlenose:
- EMpumalanga Ekude;
- OwaseNdiya;
- ULwandle Olumnyama;
- O-Australia.
Indawo yamanzi oLwandle Olumnyama inabantu ababalelwa ku-7000 ihlengethwa loLwandle Olumnyama Afalina. Minyaka yonke ziya ngokuya zincipha. Lokhu kungenxa yezinkinga zemvelo, ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwemizila yokuthumela.
Futhi-ke, akekho owakhansela ukuzingela ngokungemthetho. Esikhundleni salokho, lo msebenzi kudala ubhekwa njengesigebengu, kepha abaningi abakwazi ukwamukela. Ukuze ngandlela thile ugcine lesi simo futhi ungaziqedi lezi zidalwa ezinhle ihlengethwa ihlengethwa ihlengethwa ibhalwe ku Incwadi Ebomvu.
Ukudla okunomsoco kwe-Bottlenose
Imenyu eyinhloko yalezi cetaceans yizinhlanzi, ama-squid, ama-shrimp, ama-crustaceans. Kuya ngendawo yehlengethwa. Kwezinye izindawo, ngokwesibonelo, bakhetha ukuxega, kwezinye kunenqwaba ye-anchovy, amahlengethwa ancike kuyo. Muva nje, ama-pilengas abhekwa njengobumnandi obuthandwa kakhulu bamahlengethwa.
Ukuze lizitholele ukudla, lelihlengethwa lingacwila ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-150 kwezinye izindawo, futhi lijule nakwezinye izindawo.
Ukuze inhlalakahle evamile yomuntu omdala, imikhiqizo yezinhlanzi eyi-15 kg iyadingeka ngosuku.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ihlengethwa, njengabantu, liyisilwane esincelisayo esiyiviviparous. Kuyathakazelisa ukuwabuka ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa uzama wonke amandla akhe ukujabulisa owesifazane.
Uyamculela izingoma zothando, azame ukugxuma kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Kepha unembangi engaphezu kweyodwa. Kusukela ekukhetheni okukhulu, owesifazane ekugcineni ukhetha okukodwa, bese bethatha umhlalaphansi ndawonye, bazitika ngobumnene nangokuziphulula.
Njengomphumela walolu thando idyll, unyaka owodwa kamuva, ingane yabo iyazalwa, icishe ilingane no-1 m.Ukuvela kwengane esanda kuzalwa eyi-10 kilogram kwenzeka emanzini, kukhona nabesifazane abaningi.
Ingane ungayibona ngaphezu kwamanzi ngemizuzu eyi-10. Uqhamuka ezothatha umoya wokuqala empilweni yakhe. Abakhona bazama ukumsiza kukho konke.
Ekuqaleni kokuphila kwakhe, okungenani inyanga, ingane ayishiyi imitha ngemuva kukanina, idla ubisi lwayo cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngemuva kwalokho, umama wethula kancane kancane ukudla kwabantu abadala ekudleni. Amahlengethwa amancane ayadlala.
Bathanda ukuzijabulisa, ukugxuma, ukudilika nokudlala. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi bedlala, bathola amakhono empilweni, kancane kancane bafunde ukuzingela nokugwema izinkinga. Isikhathi sokuphila se-bottlenose dolphin endle cishe yiminyaka engama-25.
