Eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili yekhulu lama-20, umagazini i- "Uragus" wakhishwa eTomsk. Kwakuyincwadi yabalindi bezinyoni, kodwa yayithandwa kakhulu. Igama lalo magazini alizange likhethwe ngengozi. Inyoni encane i-hurragus - cishe uphawu lweSiberia. Akamuhle kuphela futhi ucula kahle, kodwa futhi ubhekwa ngokufanele njengomdabu wokuqala.
Igama lomsindo lesiLatini Uragus sibiricus yanikezwa nguPierre Simon Pallas ngekhulu le-18, futhi yayinambitheka kakhulu kwezazi zezinyoni nabathandi bezinyoni kunegama ngokwe-taxonomy - lentil yomsila omude (UCarpodacus sibiricus). Kokuhlonza kwekhulu elidlule, kwabizwa nangokuthi i-bullfinch enomsila omude... Ake siyihlolisise le nyoni.
Incazelo nezici
EMpumalanga Ekude, i-hurragus ingenye yezinyoni ezivame kakhulu ezihlala emathafeni ezikhukhula zemifula. Njalo lapho ungamuzwa emema u- "fit-fuit", bese kuba yingoma emnandi ehlabayo. Ungayihlukanisa inyoni ngezimpaphe zayo ezikhanyayo nangomsila ohlangene. Futhi nangomsindo oyisici ophuma nawo ngamaphiko awo ngesikhathi sendiza - "frrr".
Ngale misindo, inyoni ingabonakala ngaphandle kokubuka. Ngokwe-taxonomy, i-hurragus ingeyomndeni wezintaka. Usayizi - ucishe ulingane nondlunkulu, ubude bomzimba bungu-16-19 cm, okungu-8.5 cm ngomsila. Isisindo esifinyelela ku-20 g, ubude bephiko - 8 cm, nobubanzi - 23 cm.
I-Uragus yesilisa ihlale igqoke kahle kakhulu. Izimpaphe zalo ziphethwe yiyo yonke imibala epinki, kanye namathoni wesiliva emphinjeni, esiswini nasebunzini. Njengokungathi ifu elimpunga limboze ukuphuma kwelanga. Izidladla namehlo amnyama, uqhwaku futhi, yize luphenduka luphuzi ehlobo. Ngentwasahlobo, zonke izimpaphe zibonakala zikhanya.
AmaHurragus anezimpaphe ezinhle ezibomvana
Umsila namaphiko kuqukethe izimpaphe ezimnyama nezimhlophe futhi kugqama ngemuva ngemuva. Umzimba ngokwawo ubumbene, umsila kuphela omude kunalokho obekubonakala ngathi unikezwa yimvelo. Izimpiko ziyindilinga, uqhwaku lunamandla futhi lubonakala luvuvukile, njenge-bullfinch. Ngakho-ke igama lesibili - umsila omude i-bullfinch hurragus... Izimpaphe ziyathambile, ziminyene, zithambile uma uthinta.
Ngenxa yegebe lomoya, le nyoni ibekezelela amakhaza amancane kahle. Uragus wesifazane inengubo empunga engaconsi phansi, kuphela kwezinye izindawo ezinombala ophuzi, futhi opinki ovela esiswini nasemsileni. Izimpiko nomsila kumnyama. Amachwane amancane aze afike ezinyangeni ezintathu nawo anezimpaphe.
Kubukeka njengomuntu waseSiberia ojwayelekile Uragus sibiricus sibiricu.
Uragus esithombeni ifana nethoshi elincane elifakwe egatsheni. Ikakhulukazi, ivelele ngokumelene nesizinda seqhwa. Ubamba uqinise ngezidladla eziqinisayo, aqhume kancane, kube sengathi uyanyusa, bese eqala uku-twitter.
Ukucula kwabesilisa kuhlala kumnandi ngokwengeziwe, badlala ama-trill trill, umculo wabesifazane uyathandeka ngokwengeziwe. Ukusebenza kuvame ukuphela ngenothi elibuhlungu, elifana ne-creak.
Kuyathakazelisa! Abathandi bezinyoni abakhangwa nje kuphela ukucula uraguskodwa futhi nethalente lakhe le-onomatopoeia. Uyakwazi ukukopisha imisindo yezinye izinyoni zezingoma, lesi sipho siboniswa ikakhulukazi kowesilisa.
Izinhlobo
Ngokungeziwe ku-Uragus waseSiberia ovamile, ama-subspecies angama-4 ngaphezulu alezi zinyoni manje aziwa:
- Ussuriysky hurragus — Uragus sibiricus ussuriensis. Lincane ngosayizi kunokujwayelekile, iphiko lifinyelela ku-7 cm, umsila ungama-7.5-8 cm Umbala ubamnyama kancane, ucebile, uyakhanya. Uhlala eningizimu ye-Ussuri basin, esifundeni sase-Amur, eManchuria.
- I-Japanese hurragus — Uragus sibiricus sanguinoentus... Mhlawumbe incane kunazo zonke ezinye izihlobo, iphiko alifinyeleli ku-6.5-6.8 cm, kepha lisondele kakhulu kumbala obomvu. Akumangalisi ukuthi igama layo lesibili - igazi elibomvu... Umsila nawo mfushane kunabanye abantu. Itholakala ogwini loLwandle lwaseJapan, eSakhalin naseningizimu neKuriles, kanye nase-Askold Island ePrimorsky Territory.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi ezihlala ezindaweni ezihlukene.
- I-Uragus yinhle kakhulu - Uragus sibiricus lepidus - Izinhlobo esifundazweni saseGansu entshonalanga yeChina naseningizimu nesifundazwe saseShaanxi.
- Uragus Henriki - Uragus sibiricus henrici. - uhlala ezifundeni zezintaba zaseWestern China (izifundazwe zaseSichuan naseYun'an), naseningizimu-mpumalanga yeTibet.
Okwenza inyoni yavela yaba nohlu olunjalo oluqhekekile akwaziwa ngokuqinisekile. Mhlawumbe kungenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, noma ngokubamba iqhaza kwabantu. Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu elidlule, izazi zezinyoni ezingamaJalimane, zihlatshwe umxhwele ubuhle bezinyoni, zaziyisa eJalimane futhi zaqala ukuzalanisa ngokuzimisela. Mhlawumbe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze sizozwa ngabantu baseJalimane.
Uragus - inyoni yaseSiberia
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Uragus - inyoni Wase-Asia. Umngcele osentshonalanga wendawo yokuhlala yisifunda saseSverdlovsk. Empumalanga, indawo yokuhlala inqunyelwe eziqhingini zaseJapan naseKuril, nazo isiphepho esinomsila omude itholakale eSakhalin. Eningizimu, lenyoni yafika entshonalanga yeChina. Ingatholakala eKorea naseMongolia. Muva nje, indawo isishintshele entshonalanga. Kwesinye isikhathi zize zindize ziye eningizimu nasentshonalanga yeYurophu.
Ihlala emahlathini e-taiga, kanye nasemahlozini e-willow ne-birch, emigodini ene-hummock, lapho i-sedge, i-horsetail namanye amakhambi akhula kakhulu. Uncamela imvula yezikhukhula. Akuzona izinyoni ezifudukayo, kodwa yizinyoni ezihambahamba. Izakhamizi zaseNyakatho zisondela ngaseningizimu ebusika.
Zizulazula ngamaqembu amancane angadluli ezinyonini eziyi-10-15, kwesinye isikhathi ngambili. Isikhathi esiningi zindiza zisuka endaweni ziye kwenye ngaphakathi kwezigodi zomfula noma eduze kombhede wesitimela. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba okunjalo, bakhetha umhlonyane, amahlathi agcwele izikhukhula, ukhula nezingadi.
Ama-Uraguses ajwayela ukuthunjwa kalula. Zimnandi, zinobungani, zicula kamnandi. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi babagcina ekhaya ngenjabulo. Kwesinye isikhathi isiphepho sihlala khona Esibayeni sodwa, kepha kaningi zifakwa ngababili. Khetha ikheji elikhulu, okungenani u-80 cm ubude ohlangothini ngalunye, nangezinduku eziqondile.
Umsila wenyoni ungabanjwa futhi wephulwe phakathi kwemigoqo evundlile. Udinga ukuyifaka endaweni enokukhanya okuhle. Enkanjini, udinga ukwenza izingqimba eziningana ngamagxolo ukuze ucije uzipho, nendawo yokubeka isidleke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukubeka ubhavu wokugeza. Ezweni lakubo kwe-bullfinch enomsila omude, ubusuku behlobo bufushane impela, ngakho-ke lapho ugcinwa ekhejini, udinga ukunakekela ukukhanya okwengeziwe ukuze inyoni ingaguli.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Baqoqa imbewu encane: ifilakisi, imbabazane, umhlonyane wasentabeni namanye amakhambi, ngoba uqhwaku lwawo luncane. Azikwazi ukunqoba imbewu enkulu. Amachwane aqale ondliwe ngezinambuzane ezincane, izikelemu. Ngokwabo kufaka ukudla okuphilayo ekudleni kwabo endleleni.
Ekuthunjweni, ukugcina nokubondla akunzima. Ukuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile okusanhlamvu kwe-canary kuzokwenza. Imvamisa iqukethe imbewu ye-plantain, i-dandelion, umhlonyane namanye amakhambi. Kunconywa ukwengeza amajikijolo namakhambi kumenyu.
Futhi ngesikhathi sokuzalela, udinga futhi ukondla izinambuzane. Ukudla kufanele banikezwe kuphela ngesimo esichotshoziwe futhi kancane kancane, ngoba izinyoni zivame ukukhuluphala. Amanzi okuphuza kufanele ahlanzeke njalo. Sincoma futhi nokuthi ukhethe izithasiselo zamaminerali ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Amabili adalwa ngesikhathi sokufuduka ekwindla nasebusika. Ukukhulelwa kuqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlamvu, ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Izinyoni zihlela izidleke ngesimo sebhasikidi esicocekile engekho ngaphezu kwamamitha amathathu ngaphezu komhlaba, emafolokheni ezihlahla noma phakathi kwamagatsha ezihlahla.
Ngokuyinhloko, owesifazane usebenza emsebenzini wokwakha, enikela okungenani izinsuku ezingama-5-7 kule nqubo. Isakhiwo sakhiwe ngamahlumela, amagxolo, utshani obomile, amaqabunga, ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kubekwe iziqu, izinwele, izinwele zezilwane, izimpaphe naphansi. Ku-clutch kuvame ukuba namaqanda ama-4-5 ombala omuhle oluhlaza okotshani onamachashaza amancane.
Insikazi ifukamela cishe amasonto amabili. Owesilisa uhlinzeka ngokudla. Akazondli amaphuphu yena, kepha udlulisela ukudla kunina, bese lokho ezikudlulisela ezinganeni. Izingane ziyaqina ezinsukwini eziyi-14 bese ziqala ukuphuma kancane endlini kayise. Ukunakekela amaphuphu kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-20, bese kuphuma kundize kuye ekubeni abantu abadala. Imvamisa, ama-hurragus ahlala esibayeni iminyaka engu-7-8, kwesinye isikhathi aze afike eminyakeni eyi-12.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Ngokukhula, abesilisa base-Uragus bakhanya kakhulu kunasebusheni. Umthetho wemvelo - eminyakeni edlule kuyadingeka ukwandisa intelezi ukuze udonse ukunakwa.
- Ngokuqala komzuzu wokuzalisa, owesilisa angaba nolaka. Ngakho-ke, akufanele zigcinwe nezinye izinyoni, kanti ezensikazi kufanele zibe nendawo yokuhlala ehhokweni. Kuke kwaba nezikhathi lapho umlingani akhumule intombi yakhe ngokoqobo.
- Ekuthunjweni, abesilisa bangalahlekelwa ubuhle bengubo yabo. Ukuchitha kanye nokushintsha kancane kancane kwezimpaphe, i-hurragus pink ivame ukuphenduka ibe mpunga.
- Sibuke ngenkathi enye yezinkunzi ezinomsila omude ikhala ngokukhalaza isikhathi eside, futhi ngobunzima ishiye indawo lapho kufe khona inyoni yesibili kulaba ababili. Lokhu kufakazela ukwethembeka kwabo komunye nomunye.
