Iningi lesintu libheka izicabucabu njengezidalwa ezingakhangi. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye nazo ziyimfihlakalo, azifani nomunye umuntu. Okokuqala, okungavamile ukubukeka kwesicabucabu... Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi isakhiwo salo sihluke kakhulu kithina esinamabhayithi amabili. Laba bameleli bezilwane abazona ngisho izinambuzane, yize leli qiniso libukeka lilixaka kwabaningi.
Kepha lokhu kubhekwa nje kuphela, ngoba banokuhluka okwanele okuvela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezimvemvane nezinambuzane. Izinambuzane zinemilenze eyisithupha, kuyilapho izicabucabu zinesishiyagalombili. Izidalwa ezithakazelayo kithi zibheka imvelo ngamehlo aphakathi nendawo ayisishiyagalombili, futhi kwezinye izimo kungaba nezilishumi nambili zazo.
Ngenkathi izinambuzane zinesibalo esifanayo nesabantu. Izidalwa ezichazwe nazo azinazo izindlebe, kepha zibona imisindo ngezinwele ezimboze imilenze yazo. Lezi zakhiwo ezincane nazo ziyakwazi ukuhlukanisa iphunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izicabucabu azinazo izimpondo, okusho ukuthi, izimpondo zokuthinta ezinazo izinambuzane.
Kungakho amaqhawe endaba yethu ejwayele ukubizwa ngegama elingasho lutho "izilwane", noma engabonakali njengezilwane ezijwayelekile. Inhloko nesifuba sezicabucabu zimele ingxenye exubile yomzimba, kuthi emuva kubizwe ngesisu. Abanalo igazi elinjalo, kepha kukhona into enoketshezi efaka esikhundleni sayo, ebonakala isobala futhi ibizwa nge-hemolymph.
Imilenze yezidalwa zethu yakhiwe ngezigaba eziyisikhombisa, ezinhlanganisweni zazo kungamadolo ayisithupha. Futhi-ke, ngenxa yalezi zici, akuzona nje izilwane, kodwa ama-arachnids, anikezwe uhlobo olubanzi lwe-arthropods. Umzimba wabo uvikelwe yigobolondo le-chitinous. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, impahla yezicabucabu ngezikhathi ezithile iyathakazelisa ukuyilahla, ukuyifaka esikhundleni sayo entsha.
Ukuguqulwa okunjalo ngezikhathi ezithile kubizwa ngokuthi ama-molts. Futhi kungalezi zikhathi lapho ukukhula kwalezi zinto eziphilayo kwenziwa, umzimba okhululiwe kwizembozo ezilukhuni, ngakho-ke uyakwazi ukukhululeka ngokukhululekile ngosayizi. Sekukonke, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi zezinhlobo zezilwane ezinjalo ziyaziwa. Ake sibazi kangcono.
Izicabucabu ezingajwayelekile
Umsebenzi obalulekile wezicabucabu zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ubukhulu becala ungaphansi kwemithetho ejwayelekile. Yize kuhlale kunokuhlukile kunoma yimuphi umthetho. Ukuqhubeka kuzokwethulwa amagama ezinhlobo zesicabucabuabathi ngandlela thile bahluke ebuningini obujwayelekile babalingani babo.
UBagheera Kiplinga
Cishe zonke izicabucabu ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye, futhi lokhu kunenzuzo enkulu, ngoba zidla ngobuningi bezinambuzane eziyingozi. Sekuvele kushiwo ukuthi izidalwa zethu zinemilenze eyisishiyagalombili, yize izitho ziyishumi nambili. Ukuthi akuzona zonke ezikhona ezinyakazayo, kepha zenza eminye imisebenzi.
Izinqubo zokuqala ezimbili ziyi-chelicerae, okungukuthi, imihlathi emide eqonde phambili, exhunywe emiphakathini enobuthi. Ngazo, izinto zingena emzimbeni wesisulu ngesikhathi sokulunywa ezingabulali nje kuphela, kodwa futhi ezincibilikisa isisulu, zisenze sitholakalele ukumuncwa.
Izitho zemilenze elandelayo yizi-pedipalps, ezenzelwe ukubamba nokuphusha ukudla. Kungenxa yosizo lwamadivayisi lapho lezi zilwane zidla khona, zikhetha ukudla kwamaprotheni kunokudla kwemifino. Phakathi komphakathi omelwe yizilwane ezidlayo, kukhona uhlobo olulodwa kuphela olunamalungu angabadli inyama.
Izidalwa ezinjalo, eziqanjwe ngegama langempela - i-Kipling's Bagheeras, zichitha izimpilo zazo kuma-acacias futhi zondla ngeziqu zamaqabunga alezi zitshalo, ezicebile ngomsoco. Lezi yizicabucabu ezihlakaniphe kakhulu. Kwabesilisa, abaqhamuka engxenyeni yesifazane nge-cephalothorax enamandla, kunezindawo eziluhlaza ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emaphethelweni azo amnyama ngaphambili futhi abomvu ngokubomvu.
Futhi bonke lobu buhle buhambisana nomthunzi we-amber wezidladla. Izingubo zabesifazane zigcwele imibala ewolintshi, ensundu nebomvu. Izidalwa ezinjalo zitholakala eMelika Ephakathi. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zathola igama lazo ngokuhlonipha umlingiswa odumile encwadini kaKipling. Futhi ungowomndeni wezicabucabu ezigxumayo.
Amalungu ayo anamehlo abukhali, futhi ukuphefumula kulezi zidalwa kwenziwa wuqhoqhoqho namaphaphu ngasikhathi sinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zenza ukugxuma okumangazayo, okwazi ukufaka imilenze yazo ngogesi ukuze kwandiswe ibanga lokweqa.
Isicabucabu sikabhanana
Ngaphandle kokuthambekela kokudla imifino kukaBagheera Kipling, ngokuqapha ngomona izindawo zabo zedlelo, imvamisa abananhlonipho ezihlotsheni zabo. Futhi noma kungekho ukudla, bayakwazi ukuzitika ngabo. Kepha imvamisa izicabucabu, noma eziyingozi kakhulu, azinolaka ngaphandle kwesizathu. Noma kunjalo, kukhona okuhlukile lapha.
Isibonelo esivelele salokhu yisicabucabu sebhanana, esingesona esinobuthi kuphela, kodwa nesokuziphatha okunganele. Angakwazi ukuhlasela noma ngubani ovela emkhakheni wakhe wokubona, kungaba yisinambuzane, isilwane noma umuntu. Izwe lakubo lezidalwa ezinjalo kufanele libhekwe njengamahlathi emvula ase-Australia, eNingizimu Melika naseMadagascar.
Yize muva nje, izicabucabu ezinjalo ezingeyona ingozi ziya ngokuya zisakazeka emhlabeni wonke, zingatholi kuphela ezindaweni eziseduze, kodwa naseYurophu. Futhi abahambi bahamba emabhokisini ezithelo, futhi kaningi bafihla kubhanana, ngakho-ke baqanjwa ngale ndlela.
Izicabucabu ezinjalo zinombala othuntu ukufanisa umbala wamagatsha namagxolo ezihlahla. Zinesilinganiso esingu-4 cm ngosayizi, futhi zinikezwa imilenze emide kakhulu, ngisho cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-12. Kodwa nokho lena phakathi izinhlobo zezicabucabu ezinkulu hhayi enkulu kunazo zonke. Abaphethe amarekhodi ngokwemigomo yamapharamitha bangamalungu omndeni we-tarantula.
Incazelo yesinye salezi zidalwa ezingavamile, esibizwa ngegama elithi goliath, izokwethulwa ekugcineni kwendaba yethu. Isicabucabu sebhanana uqobo lwaso sivela emndenini we-orb-web. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kubuciko bokweluka amanetha wokuvula, labo abathanda ukukhosela emabhokisini kabhanana baphumelele kakhulu.
Iwebhu yabo inesimo sejiyomethri esifanele, futhi amaseli ayo alinganayo ayanda njengoba esuka esikhungweni esijwayelekile, lapho achazwa khona yimicu yombuthano wobubanzi obandayo. Isisekelo sazo siyinto enamathelayo efihliwe ngezindlala ezikhethekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani namanye amalungu omndeni, izicabucabu zikabhanana zinezindlala zokweluka iwebhu ezingaba yisikhombisa, hhayi eyodwa, njengoba bekulindelekile. Amanetha anekhono akhiwa ngesikhathi sokurekhoda futhi ayizicupho zokuzingela eziyingozi lapho kubanjwa khona inyamazane enkulu nencane. Okusho ukuthi, angabi amabhungane nezimvemvane kuphela, kodwa futhi abe nezinyoni ezincane.
Isicabucabu sikaDarwin
Njengoba sikhuluma ngobuciko bokweluka - ithalente elidume ngazo izicabucabu, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ingasaphathwa iSpider Darwin - isikhathi esidala sesiqhingi saseMadagascar, ngoba waziwa njengomsunguli webhubhu yesicabucabu enkulu futhi ehlala isikhathi eside. Umucu ophethe lawa manetha endaweni yokuqopha irekhodi ufinyelela kuma-25 m, i-radii yemijikelezo yephethini ingalingana no-2 m, futhi yonke iwebhu ingahlala endaweni eyi-12 m2 futhi nokuningi.
Ubukhulu besifazane ngenani elikhulu kakhulu lezinhlobo zezicabucabu buqaphele ngaphezu kobukhulu besilisa. Futhi kulokhu, omele lo myalelo esiwucabangelayo akahlukile, kepha uphikisana impela, ngoba abantu besifazane bakhulu kathathu kunabanumzane babo. Ngenkathi eyokugcina ingaba mncane njengo-6 mm, eyabo ifinyelela ku-18 mm.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi izidalwa ezincane kangaka zingaluka ama-webs amangalisa kangaka. Ngempela, imvamisa imikhawulo yabo ixhunywe yizihlahla ezisosebeni oluphambene nemifula noma amachibi. Futhi imicu yamanetha, njengoba kwenzekile, inokwethenjelwa okuphindwe kayishumi kuneKevlar yokufakelwa esindayo. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi ukutadisha ukwakheka kwalezi zingcwecwe zesicabucabu kungaletha izinzuzo ezinkulu esintwini futhi kusize ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza izinto.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwama-arachnids lutholakale eMadagascar muva nje, kuphela ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka. Futhi waqanjwa ngegama eliqhakazile likaDarwin ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kocansi, ngoba usosayensi odumile waba, phakathi kokunye okuhle, umsunguli wocwaningo lwezinkolelo kulolu daba. Lezi yizicabucabu ezimnyama, ezihlotshiswe ngephethini emhlophe, umzimba nemilenze yazo embozwe ngobuningi ngezinwele ezincane ezikhanyayo.
Isicabucabu gladiator
Kodwa-ke, abamele abaningi be-oda lezicabucabu badume ngamandla wezintambo ezilukiwe. Bangakwazi ukwelula ubude obuphindwe kane ubude babo bokuqala. Isisulu siyabambeka kulawa manetha ngenxa yesakhiwo esinamathelayo sezintambo eziyindilinga.
Kepha abanikazi bezintambo ngokwabo, lapho behamba nabo, abasongelwa yilokhu ngenxa yokumboza izinwele emilenzeni, okuvimba lokhu. Ukudlidlizela kobulembu kusebenza njengophawu lokuthi inyamazane ibanjwe enetheni, futhi abazingeli bayakwazi ukubamba ngisho nokudlidlizela okuncane kakhulu.
Kepha akuzona zonke izidalwa zethu ezifaka izingibe eziyindilinga. Isibonelo, okuhlukile yisicabucabu se-gladiator esihlala empumalanga ye-Australia. Izidalwa ezinjalo zenza izikhwama eziyisikwele ngentambo enwebeka, ezibamba ngayo izisulu, zihlasela ngokuzumayo.
Isikhali esifanayo, njengoba saziwa emlandweni, sasetshenziswa ngama-gladiator aseRoma, okwathiwa izicabucabu zaqanjwa ngaye. Umbala wesilisa walolu hlobo unompunga onsundu. "AmaLadies" makhulu, izisu zawo zisakazeke ngamachaphaza ewolintshi. Njengezicabucabu eziningi, lezi zidalwa ziyahamba zizingele ebusuku.
Izicabucabu ezihlabayo
Abanye izinhlobo zesicabucabu ungaluki nhlobo iwebhu. Bathethelela isihloko sabo sezilwane ezidla ezinye, njengezilo zasendle, ngokumane bahlasele izisulu zabo. Ama-arrynid e-Phryne nawo enza ngaphandle kwamanetha aboshwe ekuzingeleni kwawo. Imilenze yabo mide ngokuhlaba umxhwele, kanti izinyawo ezihamba phambili, ngasikhathi sinye, ziphela ngezintambo zemilenze eziguquguqukayo.
Yingakho izilwane ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi izicabucabu ezihlabayo. Futhi banemilenze ethambile enezinto zokubamba: izingwegwe nezinsika. Kungenxa yabo ukuthi babhekana nezisulu zabo, ikakhulukazi izinambuzane.
Lezi akuzona izidalwa ezincane ezinesilinganiso sobude obungu-4.5 cm. Umzimba wazo usicaba, okuzivumela ukuba zicashe kahle ezindaweni zokukhosela zasemini, lapho ziphumula khona zilindele ukuzingelwa ebusuku. Lezi zidalwa eziyingqayizivele zifakwe nezinkomishi zokudonsa kwizidladla zazo, ezisiza ukuhamba kwazo ngempumelelo ezindaweni eziqondile.
Indlela yokuzalanisa nayo ingeyokuqala. Uma izicabucabu ezijwayelekile zakha imifece ye-spider web, lapho zibeka khona amaqanda azo, inani lazo elingafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni eziningana, i-Phrynes yesifazane imboza isisu sayo ngefilimu ekhethekile eyenziwe ngezimfihlo ezibandayo.
Isitoreji esifanayo, esifana nesikhwama se-kangaroo, sisebenza njengesitsha samaqanda. Kodwa-ke, isibalo sokugcina ngokuvamile asidluli kweshumi nambili. Asikho nje isikhala esanele.
Izicabucabu ze-Anteater
Ekuqaleni, sakhuluma ngokuthi izicabucabu azifani kanjani nezinambuzane - izinto eziphilayo ezondla kakhulu ngazo. Kepha kukhona okuhlukile lapha futhi. Futhi bayizicabucabu ze-anteater. Lona umndeni wonke wabamele umhlaba wezilwane.
Futhi ezinye izinhlobo zayo (cishe eziyinkulungwane sezizonke) zicishe zikopishe izinambuzane ezizondlayo, ezizisiza ukuba zihlale zingabonakali izisulu zazo ngesikhathi sokuzingela nokuhlasela.
Isicabucabu esinjalo empeleni singacishe sifane ngokuphelele sangaphandle nezintuthwane. Umehluko wabo kuphela inani lemilenze. Abazingeli, njengoba sesivele sazi, banabayisishiyagalombili, kanti izisulu zinabayisithupha kuphela. Kepha nalapha izingcweti ezinamasu ziyazi ukuthi zingasidida kanjani isitha.
Ukusondela eduze kwezintuthwane, ziphakamisa imilenze yazo yangaphambili, ngakho-ke zifana nempondo yezinambuzane. Ngokukhohlisa kobuqili okukhonjisiwe, bavunyelwe ukuthi basondele ngokuphephile kubazingeli babo.
Isicabucabu sikapuppeteer
Ekulingiseni, izicabucabu nazo ziphumelele, abakubiza ngokuthi - abalingisi. Kuyiqiniso, uma kuqhathaniswa nezidliwayo, zenza okuphambene nalokho. Okokuqala, abalingisi umuntu uqobo, kepha bazenzela okwabo okuvela ezitshalweni ezomisiwe nakuzo zonke izinhlobo zemfucumfucu. Noma kunjalo, konke lokhu akwenzelwa ukuhlaselwa, kepha ukuvikelwa ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, ikakhulukazi iminyovu yasendle enobudlova, evame ukukhetha izicabucabu njengezinto abazizingelayo.
Amakhophi anjalo ama-octopods ayefana nombala wokuqala, usayizi nokuma. Zinemilenze futhi zibonisa imisebe yelanga njengezona zilwane ezizilingisayo. Izindunduma zihamba ngisho nomoya. Izidalwa ezinobuqili nezinekhono zibeka izilwane ezinjalo ezifakiwe kuwebhu zazo ezindaweni ezibonakala kakhulu.
Futhi iminyovu igijimela kubo, ngaphandle kokuthinta umdali ophilayo womkhiqizo omuhle. Futhi, uxwayisiwe, unethuba lokucasha ngesikhathi. Izicabucabu ezinjalo zihlala eSingapore. Futhi banengubo yemotley emnyama, ensundu nokumhlophe, ehlelwe ngamaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi. Kukhona umndeni wonke wesicabucabu se-puppeteer abangakwazi ukwenza amakhophi abo kuphela, kodwa futhi nokulawula onodoli babo.
Ikakhulu, lezi zingcweti ezincane zisanda kutholakala ePeru. Isidalwa esincane, esingadluli ku-6 mm ngosayizi, sakhe unodoli wesicabucabu kusuka ezinsaleleni zezitshalo, esikhulu kakhulu kunaye ngosayizi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lenza iduma elifanayo, elitshalwe kubulembu, lihamba, lidonsa izintambo zenetha.
Intokazi emhlophe
Izinhlobo zezicabucabu ezimhlophe zivame ukuba nobuthi, ngakho-ke uma ubona into efana nale endaweni ongayijwayele, kufanele uqaphele. Kodwa-ke, ummeleli omkhulu kunazo zonke wesicabucabu sombala ongajwayelekile, obizwa ngegama lesifazane elimhlophe, akabhekwa njengengozi kakhulu, ngoba amacala okuhlaselwa kwakhe ngamabhipidi avela esintwini awaziwa.
Izidalwa ezinjalo zitholakala oGwadule lwaseNamib e-Afrika. Cishe zingama-10 cm ngosayizi uma sicabangela ubude bezidladla. Ukubona kwalolu hlobo akukuhle, kepha kunendlebe enhle kakhulu. Futhi bayakhulumisana bodwa ngokuhamba ngonyawo kwemilenze, ngaleyo ndlela badlulisele imiyalezo ehlukahlukene ezihlotsheni zabo.
Izicabucabu zomgede
Amaqhawe endaba yethu angabathandi bobumnyama ikakhulukazi, akhetha isikhathi sasebusuku somsebenzi onamandla nokuzingela. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwalokhu, kwesinye isikhathi banamehlo ayishumi nambili futhi iningi labo alikhonondi ngokubukhali kombono.
Kodwa kukhona izicabucabu ezineqoqo elibi lezitho ezibonakalayo. Futhi lapho, njengoba kwenzeka, bangaboni ngokuphelele. Emhumeni waseLaos, uDkt Jager usanda kuthola uhlobo olufanayo, kuze kube manje olungaziwa. Wathola igama elithi "Sinopoda scurion".
Izinhlobo zezicabucabu ezinombono omncane we-atrophied zazivele zaziwa, kepha manje zivulekile futhi azinamehlo ngokuphelele. Njengomthetho, lezi yizakhamizi zemihume emikhulu, imvamisa ngisho nezakhamizi ezingaphansi komhlaba, okhokho bazo abachitha impilo yabo yonke bengenawo umsebe wokukhanya kwelanga amakhulu eminyaka nezinkulungwane zeminyaka. Izidalwa ezifanayo ezivela emndenini wakwaNestikus zisanda kutholwa e-Abkhazia emhumeni waseNew Athos.
Isicabucabu esiliva
Ama-Arachnids asakazeke kuyo yonke iplanethi. Akukho kona lapho izilwane ezinjalo zingatholi isiphephelo. Ngisho nasezindaweni ezibandayo, bayakwazi ukuba khona, noma kunjalo, eduze kwabantu. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kuyizinto eziphila emhlabeni. Kodwa kukhona nabanqobi besici samanzi.
Isibonelo salokho, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphela kwaso, yisicabucabu sesiliva esihlala eYurophu. Imilenze yayo yangemuva inezihlakala zokubhukuda. Futhi izinwele zesisu azimanzi lapho ucwiliswa emanzini ngenxa yegrisi ekhethekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, endaweni efanayo, amabhamuza omoya agcinwa omile, asetshenziswa yilezi zinto ukuphefumula ngokujula. Zibuye ziphonswe ngesiliva ngaphansi kwamanzi, okwenze igama lezinhlobonhlobo.
Ngokumangazayo, lezi uma uzithi nhla nje izidalwa ezihlekisayo, ezingekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha owodwa nengxenye ngosayizi, zingezakho izinhlobo zezicabucabu ezinobuthi... Futhi ukuluma kwazo kufana nobungozi obufana nobenyosi.
Isicabucabu sasePelican
Okhokho abakhulu bezilwane ezinjalo ze-arachnid bake baphila emhlabeni wethu eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-50 edlule.Ozakwabo banamuhla, abasatholakala eMadagascar, bancane kakhulu futhi banobude obumaphakathi cishe obungu-5 mm. Kepha bagcine ukubukeka okungajwayelekile, abakuzuze kokhokho babo. Futhi okuvela kubo ukuthi ingxenye engaphambili yomzimba wabo ifana nenhloko yevuba.
Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obuncane, zinemihlathi enamandla futhi zibizwa nangokuthiwa izicabucabu zokubulala ngezindlela zazo ezicashile zokuzingela ama-arachnid afanayo. Zilandela imicu yazo yobulembu, ziyadonsa.
Futhi ngalokhu benza umnikazi wamanetha acabange ukuthi inyamazane ebikade ilindelwe ibanjiwe. Futhi lapho isidalwa esinebhadi, sinethemba lokuthola isidlo sasemini esihlwabusayo, siya endaweni yesehlakalo, siba yisisulu somuntu odla abantu onobuqili. Futhi iziqhwaga ngokwazo azazi ukuthi zingalukwa kanjani ama-webs azo.
Izicabucabu zomphakathi
Ngokuvamile, izicabucabu zithanda isizungu kunokuxhumana nohlobo lwazo futhi ukuze ziphile, azidingi ukuba nezihlobo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona izicabucabu zenhlalo ezi-atypical. Abameleli babo kwesinye isikhathi bahlala bexhumana nomakhelwane ezindabeni zansuku zonke ukuze kuzuze bonke, bahlangane ngamaqembu, futhi babe khona nasemakoloni.
Bendawonye bazingela inyamazane, okuwukuphela kwayo okunzima ukuyibamba, ngokubambisana beluka amanetha okubamba, bavikela amaqanda ngemifece. Kepha izilwane ezinjalo azifinyeleli ezingeni eliphakeme lobudlelwano. Ubudlelwano obuchaziwe bungavela kubamele umndeni we-funnel, ku-orb weaving spider, ku-spider weaver nakwabanye.
Izicabucabu ezinobuthi
Izicabucabu zifakazelwe ukuthi ziyindlela yasendulo kakhulu yezilwane zasemhlabeni. Futhi ososayensi babeqiniseka ngalokhu ngokuthola izinhlayiya ezibandayo ze-amber, iminyaka yazo eyayilinganiswa ngezigidi zamakhulu eminyaka. Kuzo kwatholakala izinsalela zewebhu zezidalwa zangaphambi komlando, ezazingaba yini enye into ngaphandle kwezicabucabu.
Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi inzalo yabo yanamuhla ayigqugquzeli abantu ngokunengeka kuphela, kodwa nangokuqonda okungatheni, imvamisa ukwesaba okungalawuleki. Lesi yisifo esibizwa nge-arachnophobia. Kaningi kunalokho, ayinazizathu ezizwakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaphethwe yilo besaba abancane abangenabungozi abanemilenze eyisishiyagalombili ngisho nangaphezu kwezingozi zezindiza, izingozi zezimoto, ngisho nezibhamu.
Izimbangela zalesi phobia aziqondakali kahle. Kepha kucatshangwa ukuthi izindlela zalo kufanele zifunwe ezingeni lofuzo, lokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Izimpande zawo zibuyela emuva endulo, lapho ama-arachnids atholakala emakhulu futhi eyingozi, kanti okhokho babantu abakude babeyizilwane ezincelisayo ezingenakuzivikela. Kepha noma kunjalo izinhlobo eziyingozi zezicabucabu akhona namuhla. Sizobacubungula ngokuqhubekayo.
Karakurt
Lesi yisidalwa esesabekayo. Kepha uma ingathintwa, imvamisa ayihlaseli abantu nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo. Noma kunjalo, ukuluma kwakhe kungaholela ekufeni. Iluma isikhumba ngokujula kwesigamu semilimitha kuphela, kepha ifaka ushevu onoshevu kakhulu. Izinkomo, amakamela, amahhashi, namagundane ahlukahlukene azwela ngokukhethekile kuwo.
Kepha izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini, izinja namagundane zisabela kancane kuzo. Ubuthi buqala ukusebenza ngokushesha, kungapheli imizuzu embalwa buhlakazeke emzimbeni wonke. Kubantu, kubangela ubuhlungu obuvuthayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, isisu, isiyezi, ukuhlanza, ukungazinzi kwengqondo kamuva, ukugcwala kwesidalwa, ukubona izinto ezingekho emqondweni, i-delirium.
Ngaphezu kweNyakatho Afrika, i-karakurt nayo iyatholakala ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeYurophu, ikakhulukazi eMedithera nase-Asia Ephakathi, kwesinye isikhathi zitholakala e-Astrakhan nakwezinye izifunda eziseningizimu yeRussia. Izicabucabu ezinjalo zihlala emigodini, imigudu egijimela ekujuleni komhlaba.
Izidalwa ezinjalo zivundile ngokweqile. Futhi kanye njalo kwikota yekhulu, noma kaningi, ukuqubuka kokukhiqiza okusebenzayo kuyabhalwa, ngemuva kwalokho inani labantu landa kakhulu. Igama lalesi silwane lihunyushwa lisuselwa olimini lwabantu base-Asia ngokuthi "isinambuzane esimnyama". Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungokwenhlobo yalabo okuthiwa abafelokazi abamnyama.
Kubandakanya ngaphezu kweshumi nantathu izinhlobo zezicabucabu ezimnyama, konke okunobuthi. Umbala we-karakurt uhambisana kakhulu negama lawo, ngaphandle kwamabala e-orange ali-13 ngaphezulu kwesisu sayo esivuvukile, esimise okwibhola. Kukhona ne-karakurt yeminye imibala, kufaka phakathi umhlophe.
Isiphambano-isiphambano
Kuma-arachnids, lezi yizilwane ezinkulukazi, ubude bomzimba obufinyelela kuma-2 cm.I-chelicerae yazo ayinabungozi kangako futhi iyakwazi ukuluma ngesikhumba sezilwane ezincelisayo kuphela ezindaweni ezincane. Futhi ubuthi boshevu buqhathaniswa nobenyosi. Lezi zidalwa zathola igama lazo lokuba khona engxenyeni engenhla yesisu yephethini ethile ngesimo sesiphambano, esikhona uqobo ukusabisa izitha.
Izicabucabu ezinjalo zihlala emagatsheni ezihlahla, lapho ziluka khona amanetha ukuze zibambe izinambuzane ezincane, okuwuhlobo lokudla oluthandayo. Njengabanye abameleli bokuhleleka kwesicabucabu, banokugayeka kwangaphandle, okungukuthi, bafaka amajusi emzimbeni wesilwane, bachithe bese bewaphuza. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-600 zeziphambano, cishe ezingaba yishumi nambili zazo ezihlala ezweni lethu.
I-tarantula yaseNingizimu South
Kulula ukuphetha ngokusuka egameni ukuthi, njengezelamani ezimbili ezedlule ezinobuthi, lezi zidalwa nazo zingezakho izinhlobo zesicabucabu, eRussia umuntu angaba nebhadi lokuhlangana naye. Futhi umcimbi onjalo ungaletha imiphumela edabukisayo. Ukulunywa kwe-tarantula enjalo, njengomthetho, akuholeli umuntu ekufeni, yize kubuhlungu ngokweqile futhi kungadala nomkhuhlane.
Engxenyeni yezwe lethu yaseYurophu, ama-tarantula ahlala endaweni eneziqhingi ezinesimo sezulu esomile, emaqeleni nasehlane elisogwadule, zivame ukutholakala eCaucasus nase-Urals, eSiberia. Bazimbela imigodi, engajulile, engekho ngaphezu kwesigamu semitha ubude, imihubhe emi mpo egcwele ulwembu. Eduze nasekhaya, lezi zilwane ezingathandeki zizingela izinambuzane.
Ubukhulu bomzimba wabo bufinyelela ku-3 cm, futhi umbala uvame ukuba mnyama ngezansi, futhi ubomvu ngokusobala ngenhla. Ngokuvamile, igama elithi "tarantula" lisuselwa egameni lomuzi waseTaranto, otholakala e-Italy. Kusendaweni eseduze lapho izidalwa ezinjalo zitholakala ngobuningi obedlulele.
Izicabucabu zendlu
Yize izidalwa ezinemilenze eyisishiyagalombili zingavamile ukubonwa ngabantu njengezithandekayo, kuyenzeka ukuthi abantu emakhaya abo baziphendulele ngenhloso, kwesinye isikhathi befuna ukuzuza okuthile kubo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kanjalo nje, kwabangaphandle. Isibonelo, eChile, lapho izicabucabu ezincane kodwa ezinobuthi zingena ezindlini kaningi, abaninizo bahlalisa abafowabo ngamabomu.
Lezi zokugcina zinkulu kakhulu ngosayizi, kepha azinabungozi, kepha zikudla ngenjabulo izikhukhula ezincane eziyingozi. Abanye izinhlobo zezicabucabu ezifuywayo bahlala ezindlini ngaphandle kwezimemo futhi baba omakhelwane bethu isikhathi eside, futhi ngokuzithandela kwabo. Ezinye zezivakashi ezihlala njalo emakhaya abantu zizokwethulwa ngezansi.
UHaymaker
Isicabucabu, esijwayele cishe noma ngubani, asikho ngaphezu kwesentimitha ngosayizi. Yiqiniso, simazi ngamagama ahlukene. Kubantu abavamile, wanikezwa ezinye iziteketiso: ezinemilenze emide noma eluka. Umzimba oqanda okweqanda wesicabucabu esinjalo ungaba nombala onsundu, obomvu noma eminye imibala efanayo.
Lezi zidalwa zithanda ilanga, ngakho-ke ama-web abo emizini yabantu avame ukutholakala emafasiteleni noma emakhoneni akhanyiswe kahle. Lezi zidalwa azinabungozi futhi azinabo ubuthi. Ungasusa ubukhona babo ekhaya lakho ngaphandle kokuhlupheka okuningi. Kwanele nje ukushanela wonke amanetha alukwe yibo ngomshanelo futhi uhlanze konke okuzungezile.
Isicabucabu sendlu
Igama ngokwalo lisikisela ukuthi izicabucabu ezinjalo zivame ukufuna isiphephelo ezindlini zabantu. Yiqiniso, abahlali lapho kuphela, ikakhulukazi ezihlahleni. Kepha ingena ezindlini ngemifantu, izivunguvungu kanye nokuvuleka kwamawindi bese izama ukucasha ngokushesha emakhoneni acashile.
Bese beluka amanetha abo abe yishubhu elinamaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, babamba izinambuzane ezingathandeki neze, ngoba ngaphezu kwezimpukane nomiyane, babuye badle amabhu. Ngalokhu, ziletha inzuzo enkulu kumuntu, kepha futhi ziyakwazi ukuluma, yize zingenabungozi kakhulu. Izicabucabu ezinjalo azikho ngaphezu kuka-3 cm ngosayizi, umbala uvame ukuba mnyama.
UGoliyati tarantula
Izinhlobo zezicabucabu esithombeni khombisa ukwehluka kwabo. Manje sizokwethula ikhophi yokugcina, kodwa engavamile kakhulu futhi ehlaba umxhwele. Kuzo zonke izinto ezaziwayo emhlabeni, lesi yisicabucabu esikhulu kunazo zonke, ubukhulu baso bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-30. Umzimba we-giant onoboya uyakwazi ngempela ukwenza isithombe.
Ngokuvamile, izidalwa ezinjalo zihlala emahlathini aseNingizimu Melika. Kepha zivame ukugcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ngabathandi abangaphandle. Ngendlela, ngokungafani negama, lawa ma-arachnid awadli izinyoni, kuphela izinyoka, ama-amphibian nezinambuzane.
Futhi umuntu akufanele acabange ukuthi ayizidala. Bangabizwa ngisho nangongqondongqondo, ngoba umthamo wabo wobuchopho ulingana cishe nengxenye yesine yomzimba wonke. Izilwane ezinjalo ezifuywayo ziyakwazi ukubona abanikazi bazo futhi zinamathele kuzo.
