I-Tatarstan itholakala lapho kuhlangana khona ama-biotopes ama-2 - amahlathi nezindawo ezisemaqeleni. Zombili zinamakhilomitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane ezingama-68. Cishe kule ndawo kubhaliswe izikhumbuzo zemvelo ezingaba ngu-140. Bona nezinye izindawo zeTatarstan zihlotshiswe ngezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingama-321.
Le yimininingwane yakamuva evela ocwaningweni lwama-ornithologists avela ku-Academy of Sciences yezwe. Ososayensi bakhuluma ngezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingama-328, kepha ubukhona bezinhlobo eziyi-7 endaweni yaseTatarstan abukaqinisekiswa kahle.
Ucwaningo luhlanganisa idatha eqoqwe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-250 yokufunda i-avifauna yesifunda seVolga-Kama. Izinyoni ezikulo zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ayi-19. Kuwo ngamunye, imindeni yezinyoni iyahlukaniswa. Ake sijwayelane nabamele babo.
Izinyoni ezingama-Loon zaseTatarstan
Amabutho e-republic amelwe yizinhlobo ezimbili zomndeni ofanayo wama-loon. Zombili ziyivelakancane eTatarstan. Izimbongolo ezinomphimbo obomvu zitholakala ikakhulukazi ekuhambeni. Izinhlobo ezweni:
I-loon emnyama yomqala
Ngaphandle ihlukaniswa nentamo ejiyile, ebanzi njengekhanda le-loon. Le nyoni ibuye ibe nomlomo oqondile, ocijile futhi, njengokungathi, iwumfanekiso obabazekayo. Izimpaphe ezicishe zilingane nehansi, zifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-73 ubude. Amanye amaduna anesisindo esingu-3.4 kilograms.
Kukhona umbono wechibi laseNizhnekamsk. Njengawo wonke ama-loon, le nyoni "iboshelwe" emanzini, iphumela emhlabeni kuphela ukufukamela i-clutch. Ukuhamba phansi kuphazanyiswa yimilenze eshintshelwe emsileni. Ngokuma okunjalo kuphela kuma-penguin pose.
Ama-Loon akhetha imizimba emikhulu, epholile yamanzi
Izwe grebe
Iqembu limelwe ngumndeni owodwa wezinyosi. KU-IN izinyoni zaseTatarstan kufaka izinhlobo ezi-5. Omunye wabo:
Isipikili esikhulu
Igama lesibili lenyoni yi-crested grebe. Ubude bufinyelela uhhafu wemitha. Amanye ama-toadstools mancane. Le nyoni inentamo ende futhi ezacile, uqhwaku olucijile noluqondile, ikhanda elihlangene. Lesi sakamuva, esigqokweni somshado, sihlotshiswe ngamanxeba asemaceleni ansundu nekhanda elishayisanayo. Banikeza ikhanda elithe xaxa elikhulu lekhanda le-toadstool.
Lincane ngenani e-republic, kepha abantu basatshalaliswa kuso sonke isifunda. Ukuqoqwa okukhulu kunakho konke kugcinwa ematheku echibini laseNizhnekamsk naseKuibyshev.
Ngaphezu kwe-grebe enkulu, i-Tatarstan inabantu abanezintambo ezimnyama, izintamo ezibomvu, izihlathi ezimpunga kanye nama-grebe amancane.
I-Grebe ibizwa ngokuthi i-toadstool yephunga elingathandeki lenyama
AmaCopepods aseTatarstan
Esifundeni, iqembu limelwe yimindeni emibili. Imayelana ne-cormorant ne-pelican. Kamuva, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinyoni, kanti ama-cormorant ayinto eyodwa nalokhu:
Cormorant
Ubude bomzimba wale nyoni bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-95. Kulokhu, isisindo sicishe sibe ngamakhilogremu ama-3. Ngaphandle, i-cormorant ihlukaniswa ngezimpaphe ezimnyama. Kukhona isichibi esine-olintshi entanyeni ende.
Kuze kube yikhulu le-19 leminyaka, kwakuyinto ejwayelekile eTatarstan, ukwakha izidleke eVolga naseKama. Kodwa-ke, ngekhulu lama-21, lezi zinhlobo ziyivelakancane ngokweqile, ezibalwe eRed Book of the Republic naseRussia. Abantu abangabodwa batholakala emfuleni i-Ushnya nasezindaweni eziphansi ze-Kama.
Iphixiki elibomvana
Lokhu sekuvele kungummeleli womndeni we-pelican, kutholakala ku-republic kanye nezinhlobo ezisontekile. I-Pink ibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yombala wezimpaphe. Zingezethoni emnene. Inyoni uqobo lwayo iyafana neswan.
Umehluko ophawuleka kuphela ngomlomo onesikhwama sesikhumba ngaphansi kwawo. Kamuva, inhlanzi igcina izinhlanzi. Ubude bomlomo bufinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-47. Lolu uhlobo lwezimbiwa zokudoba.
E-Tatarstan, kwabonwa umuntu oyedwa kuphela wevuba elibomvana. Le nyoni ibidla eMfuleni iBelaya, eduze nomlomo.
Izinyoni zikanogolantethe zaseTatarstan
E-republic kusuka eqenjini kunezinyoni zemindeni emi-3. Kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili, ezi-2 zimelwe ezweni. Omunye umndeni emazweni aseTatarstan unamagama amane ezinyoni.
Isikhukhukazi esimpunga
Singabomndeni ka-heron. Umbala wesici uyinhlanganisela ephikisanayo emaphikweni omlotha nomnyama, isigaxa esimnyama esifanayo ekhanda. Uqhwaku lwenyoni nemilenze kubomvu.
I-heron empunga itholakala eTatarstan kanye ne-egret enkulu, kanye nama-bitterns amancane namakhulu. Cishe cishe amakhulu amabili eminyaka, lolu hlobo lujwayelekile futhi lusakazeke ezweni lonke.
Isinkwa
Phakathi konogolantethe, kungokomndeni wezinsikazi. Zonke izinyoni zinobukhulu obumaphakathi, amaqakala. Isinkwa naso sinjalo. Inhloko, intamo kanye nomzimba ophezulu wale nyoni kunethoni ye-chestnut. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpaphe zinsundu. Emaphikweni, iphonsa okuluhlaza nethusi. Kukhona ukukhanya kwensimbi.
Izinyoni zaseTatarstan esithombeni imvamisa "ibolekwe" kubathwebuli zithombe abavela kwezinye izifunda. I-ibex yandizela e-republic ngokwayo kabili kuphela. Icala lokugcina laqoshwa ngo-1981. Uhlobo lwesibili lwezibankwe eTatarstan kwaba, futhi kwaba kanye, ngo-1989. Imayelana ne-spoonbill.
Lesi sinkwa sibizwa nangokuthi izigaxa ezingcwele.
Unogolantethe omhlophe
Izinyoni ezifudukayo zaseTatarstan imindeni kanogolantethe inkulu kunezinyoni eziningi zeriphabhulikhi. Ubude bomzimba bezinyoni budlula imitha. Amaphiko kanogolantethe angaphezulu kwamamitha amabili. Izimpaphe zinesisindo esingu-4 kilos. Intamo kanogolantethe iyajiya uma uyiqhathanisa ne-ibis noma i-heron. Uqhwaku oluqondile nolude lwenyoni, njengemilenze, lubomvu ngombala. Umzimba kanogolantethe umhlophe ngaphandle kwezimpaphe zokundiza.
E-Tatarstan, onogolantethe bahlangatshezwa ezifundeni zaseBuinsky naseChistopolsky. Kukhona nezindawo zokwakha izidleke emngceleni neRiphabhulikhi, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni zase-Ulyanovsk naseNizhny Novgorod. Kukhona nonogolantethe owodwa waseTatarstan - omnyama.
Izinyoni zeFlamingo zaseTatarstan
E-republic, iqembu limelelwa uhlobo olulodwa - i-flamingo ejwayelekile. Okomndeni ovutha amalangabi. Ukuvela kwale nyoni kwaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu. E-republic, ama-flamingo ayandizela. Izinyoni zazibonwa zodwa futhi zingumhlambi omncane. E-Tatarstan, izinhlobo zezinto ezisengozini yokuqothulwa zibhalwe ku-Red Book.
Ama-Anseriformes eRiphabhulikhi
I-oda lama-anseriformes eTatarstan linye, kepha umndeni omningi wedada. Kulezi zinhlobo ezingama-33 zihlala ezweni. Phakathi kwazo:
I-scoop ejwayelekile
Elikhulu kunawo wonke phakathi kwamadada, lifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-58 ubude. Isisindo senyoni singu-1.5 kilograms. Izinsikazi zezinhlobo zazo zinsundu, kanti ezeduna zimnyama ngezimpaphe ezimhlophe zokundiza nezindawo ezingaphansi kwamehlo. I-scooper nayo inomlomo oqhuqhiwe.
I-Turpan kulula ukuyibona nge-hump ekhaleni
Ngaphezu kwephala, idada izinyoni zeRiphabhulikhi yaseTatarstan zimelwe amahansi amnyama, ebarnacle namabele abomvu, amahansi ompunga namhlophe, ihansi kabhontshisi, ihansi elimhlophe ngaphambili, ama-whooper nezimungulu eziyizimungulu, i-ogare, i-toadstool ne-mallard.
UBarnacle goose
Lolu hlu lubandakanya impempe kanye ne-cracker, idada elimpunga, umthakathi, umunwe, ikhanda elinabanzi, ulwandle, ikhanda elinsundu, idada elinamehlo amhlophe.
Umunwe wedada
Kusalokhu kungashiwo itilosi, igogol evamile, idada elinekhanda elimhlophe, ijuba, i-comb-eider, ikhala elide kanye ne-merganser enkulu.
I-merganser enkulu
Izinyoni zeFalcon zeriphabhulikhi
Zonke izinyoni zohlu - izinyoni ezidla inyama zaseTatarstan... Kunezinhlobo ezingama-31 zazo esiteshini. Le yimindeni emi-3. Umndeni wakwaSkopin umele uhlobo olulodwa kuphela. It:
Osprey
Umhlane nomsila wayo kunsundu, kanti ezinye izimpaphe zimhlophe ngaphandle kwemivimbo ensundu egijima isuka emehlweni iye ezinhlangothini zentamo. Le nyoni inesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu amabili, futhi ifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-60 ubude.
I-Osprey ayivamile kakhulu eTatarstan nasemhlabeni jikelele. Le nyoni ibhalwe ku-International Red Book. Kuyo yonke iTatarstan, kwabalwa cishe amabhangqa ayi-10 ama-ospreys.
Ikhayithi elimnyama
Ngeyomndeni woKlebe. Inyoni le iba nsundu ngokuphelele. Izimpaphe ziyehlela esicongweni semilenze. Azizinde. Umzimba wenyoni nawo mncane. Umsila namaphiko ngemuva kwayo kubonakala kukude ngokungalingani.
Ikhayithi elimnyama livamile eTatarstan, lisakazeke kabanzi. Kukhona izinyoni eziningi ikakhulukazi ezigodini zemifula, ngokwesibonelo, ezifundeni zaseZakamsky.
E-Tatarstan, oklebe be-oda likakhethi bafaka nokudla okuvamile kweminyovu, i-marsh, i-steppe, i-meadow ne-field harriers, i-sparrowhawk ne-goshawk, i-buzzard, i-buzzard ende ne-European turik, i-black vulture. Kusele ukwengeza ukhozi lwenyoka, ibuzzard ejwayelekile, ukhozi omfushane, umsila omhlophe kanye ne-steppe, izinkozi ezinamabala amancane nezikhulu, indawo yokungcwaba, ukhozi lwegolide.
Esithombeni, ukhozi ukhozi
Inqe likaGriffon
Imelela umndeni wesithathu we-oda - uheshe. Le nyoni ibukeka njengenqe elimnyama. Umehluko umbala okhanyayo lapho umzimba onsundu nekhanda elimhlophe kuxhunywe khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpaphe zincane futhi zincane kunentamo emnyama. Ubude bomzimba wesilwane esinekhanda elimhlophe abweqi ngamasentimitha ayi-115. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isisindo senyoni sifinyelela kuma-12 kilogram.
Amanqe aseGriffon - izinyoni ezidla inyama zaseTatarstanokwenzeka ekufudukeni ezindaweni eziseningizimu-mpumalanga yesifunda. Kodwa-ke, ukuma kwezinyoni eRepublic kuyisibonakaliso esibi. Amanqe angamadlozi futhi andiza phakathi neminyaka yokufa kwezinkomo, ubhadane lwezifo.
Izinkukhu zezinkukhu zaseTatarstan
Iqembu limelwe yimindeni emibili. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo kuzo, kepha kunesidleke esi-6 kuphela esifundeni. Izibonelo yilezi:
Ipartridge emhlophe
Inyoni yomndeni we-grouse yakhiwe ngokulingene, ngemilenze emifushane nangomlomo omfishane. Umlomo uqobeke kancane. Izidladla zinezimpaphe, zisindisa emakhazeni. Ipartridge emhlophe ihlala ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibi. Umbala wezimpaphe usiza ukufihla ingemuva leqhwa.
Ekuqaleni ivela enyakatho, i-Partridge ifika eTatarstan ngokufuduka, kuyivelakancane ezweni. Kwenzeka ukuhlangana nezinyoni ezifundeni ze-Pre-Volga nasePredkamsk. I-grouse emnyama, i-capercaillie ne-hazel grouse zivame kakhulu eTatarstan.
Izidladla ze-ptarmigan zimbozwe izimpaphe, ezisiza le nyoni ukuba iphile emakhazeni
Izigwaca
Kanye nokhokho obumpunga, imele izinyoni zomndeni wama-pheasant ezweni. Izigwaca phakathi kwezinkukhu zincane kakhulu, zinesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-130, futhi azidluli ngamasentimitha angama-20 ubude.
Izigwaca yizinyoni ezivamile emasimini nasemadlelweni e-republic. Iningi labamele lezi zinhlobo lisempumalanga eyedlulele yesifunda.
Ama-Cranes aseTatarstan
Kunemindeni emi-3 kuleli butho. Inombolo encane kunazo zonke ama-cranes. Imelwe ngohlobo olulodwa:
I-Grane crane
Icacisa igama njengoba mpunga ngokuphelele. Ezindaweni umbala ucishe ube mnyama, ikakhulukazi, ezimpapheni zokundiza zale nyoni. Kanye nemilenze emide nentamo, ukuphakama kwe-crane kungamasentimitha ayi-130. Abesilisa abakhulu banesisindo esingu-7 kilogram.
Cranes Gray - izinyoni zeRed Book yaseTatarstan... Ungahlangana nezinyoni emaxhaphozini amahlathi ayizithulu, amathafa emifula. Ngokuyinhloko, ama-cranes atholakala esigodini saseVolga.
I-pogonysh encane
Phakathi kwama-cranes, kungowomndeni wabelusi. Inyoni le incane. Ubude bomzimba ngamasentimitha angama-20. Kodwa-ke, imilenze emide enezinzwane ezinwetshiwe yengeza isikali. Iphiko nomsila onezimpaphe kuyakhonjwa. Uqhwaku lwesidumbu esincane lubukhali.
Encane ibuye yehluke kwabanye abajaha ngobunono. Umndeni ubandakanya nomalusi, u-crake, i-moorhen, i-coot, nenkalankala yengane.
I-Bustard
Imele umndeni we-bustard. I-bustard nayo iyizidleke eTatarstan. IBustard inemilenze ephuzi, amarimu wamehlo awolintshi nomlomo onombala ofanayo. Intamo yenyoni imnyama futhi imhlophe. Isisu se-bustard encane silula, kanti enye impaphe ibunsundu. Le nyoni ingamasentimitha angama-44 ubude futhi isisindo sayo cishe siyikhilogremu.
I-bustard encane itholakala emaqeleni aseTatarstan, kepha kuyaqabukela. Izinhlobo zithathwa njengezihambile.
Ama-Charadriiformes e-republic
Iqembu elibanzi. Kunemindeni eyi-8 ezweni. Okunye, empeleni, kukhona abamele 7. Ummeleli we-avdotkovy avdotka uyivelakancane ngokwedlulele emazweni esifunda, wuhlobo lokufuduka. Eminye imindeni yile:
I-Gyrfalcon
Usayizi uqhathaniswa ne-lapwing, kepha ine-crest, nenhloko yesincane esinezimpaphe. Ekuphambeni, likhulu futhi alinawo uquqaba. Kukhona ukucima kuluhlaza lwenyoni.
Inyoni encane ehlala emathafeni aseningizimu yeTatarstan. Izinyoni zindiza lapho. IRiphabhuliki akuyona indawo ehlala izidleke yemisundu.
IGyrfalcon ingeye-plover. Kusuka emndenini waseTatarstan, kukhona futhi: ama-tules, ama-plover amancane, uthayi, i-krustan, i-lapwings, i-golden plover ne-turnips.
Ukotapeya
Ku-oda lama-Charadriiformes, kufakiwe emndenini onamabala anezitayela. Abasekho abamele bakhe ezweni. Igama lezinyoni zaseTatarstan ngenxa yesimo somlomo. Cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-7 ubude, mncane futhi ukhombe ekugcineni okugoqele phezulu.
Uqhwaku, njengenhla yekhanda, intamo nendawo engaphansi kwamaphiko enyoni, lumnyama. Imilenze enezimpiko iba mpunga-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yinde, njengentamo. Umsila we-awl mfushane.
Ubude bomzimba we-awl bukhulu ngamasentimitha angama-45. Isisindo somzimba senyoni singama-450 amagremu.
Oystercatcher
Uhlobo kuphela lomndeni wama-oysters ezweni. Inyoni enamagwababa, ithwala umlomo omude oqinile. Iqondile, ibomvu ngombala. Isandpiper uqobo lwayo lumnyama nomhlophe. Imilenze enezimpiko ngombala womlomo, kodwa mfushane.
Phakathi kwamazwe aseTatarstan, umfuyi wezinyoni wakhetha isifunda saseKamsky. Ngekhulu lama-20, le nyoni yayijwayelekile kwiriphabhulikhi, isakazekile. Manje inani lezinhlobo liyancipha, okwaba yisizathu sokufakwa kwe-sandpiper eRed Data Book esifundeni.
Izinkuni
Phakathi kwamaCharadriiformes, kubhekwa njengelungu lomndeni we-snipe. Iqhugwane lenkulu, lakhiwe ngokulingene, linomlomo oqondile, omude futhi oqinile. Umbala wale nyoni uyi-motley ngamathoni abomvu ansundu. Kunophaphe olulodwa olungokomfanekiso ephikweni ngalinye lesilwane. Abadwebi badweba imigqa ye-thinnest kanjena. Zivame ukukhonjiswa kuzithonjana, amacala kagwayi, namabhasikidi.
Uphaphe olubabazekayo lwe-woodcock luyisixhumi nokunwebeka. Ubude bayo abudluli ngamasentimitha ama-2. I-wedge inomphetho obukhali. Yibo abapenda.
UWoodcock uyisakhamuzi esivamile emaxhaphozini aseTatarstan
Ngaphezu kwe-woodcock ejwayelekile futhi ejwayelekile eTatarstan, enye i-snipe iyatholakala esifundeni. Kunezingu-27 zazo: Izibonelo yilezi: ukubingelela okukhulu nokuncane, ama-curlews amakhulu naphakathi, i-snipe enhle, udaka, i-Icelandic nolwandle sandpipers, i-dunlin. Iningi labo lisendleleni ezweni.
I-steppe tirkushka
Ummeleli kuphela womndeni wakwaTirkushev ezweni. Le nyoni ibukeka njenge-tirkushka yasemadlelweni, kepha esikhundleni sezembozo ze-chestnut, inezimnyama nezinkulu. Isisindo sabesilisa sifinyelela ku-105 gram. Awukho umugqa omhlophe noma emaphethelweni wokulandela wephiko le-steppe.
E-Tatarstan, i-steppe tirkushka ibalwe njengedukayo, engajwayelekile. Le nyoni yagcina ukubonwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka esifundeni iVerkhne-Uslonsky.
I-skua emfushane yomsila
Ngendlela yama-Charadriiformes, kungokomndeni wama-skuas. Umsila omfushane kuwo uvame kakhulu. Ubungako benyoni bungangobukhulu bentshontsho. Ngokubukeka, izimpaphe zomsila ezicijile ziyabonakala, ziphume ngaphesheya konqenqema lwayo. Ukuqhamuka kufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-14.
Ngaphezu komsila omfushane, eTatarstan, kune-skua emaphakathi. Inomlomo ogobile kakhudlwana nekhanda elikhudlwana. Lezi zinhlobo azivamile kwiriphabhuliki, i-vagrant.
I-Eastern Cludge
Umndeni we-gull onezimpaphe. Le nyoni inombala ompunga. Uma kuqhathaniswa neHerring Gull, umbala ubumnyama, futhi uma uqhathaniswa noHusky ovamile, ulula. Ubude besilwane nabo bujwayelekile, bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-48. Isisindo sokukhwehlela empumalanga sisukela ku-750-1350 amagremu.
I-Eastern Cluff isatshalaliswa kuwo wonke amachibi, amadamu, imifula namachibi aseTatarstan, angenakushiwo ngeminye imikhakha eminingi esifundeni: inhloko enamakhanda amnyama, izinhlanzi ezincane nezinambuzane, ijuba lolwandle, i-glaucous gull. Kunamalungu omndeni ayi-16 esifundeni.
Izinyoni ezifana nezamajuba zeriphabhulikhi
Imelwe yimindeni emibili. Ingqikithi yezinhlobo ezitholakala eTatarstan ingu-6. Phakathi kwazo:
Saja
Imelela umndeni we-grouse. Azisekho izinyoni ezibaliwe kuye esifundeni. I-Saji inabise izimpaphe zemisila emaphakathi. Zigobile kancane, zilenga phansi njengemicu. Ayikho inzwane yangemuva emilenzeni yesilwane, kanti izinzwani zangaphambili zixhunyaniswe kancane zodwa.
Izinzipho zayo ezibanzi nezimfishane zifana nezinselo. Futhi, imilenze ye-saji inezimpaphe ngokuphelele. Kubukeka sengathi ubheke isidladla sikanogwaja, hhayi inyoni.
USaja akaze abonwe eTatarstan selokhu kuqale ikhulu leminyaka elidlule.
Ijuba
Imele umndeni wejuba. Izinhlobo ziningi kakhulu phakathi kwazo. Izinhlobo zasekhaya nezejuba zasendle zitholakala emazweni e-republic.
Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezimpunga, i-republic inamajuba anjengalawa: amajuba amakhulu, ajwayelekile futhi anezinsimbi, amajuba ezinkuni, i-klintukh.
Izinyoni ze-Cuckoo zesifunda
Amabutho e-republic amelwe umndeni owodwa nezinhlobo ezimbili zezinyoni. Omunye wabo:
Ukhokho ovamile
Kungumndeni we-cuckoo.Le nyoni inomsila omfishane namaphiko amancane. Ingaphezulu lomzimba wekhokho livame ukuba mpunga. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala izinyoni ezibomvu.
Ngaphezu kokuvamile, i-cuckoo eyisithulu iyatholakala emazweni aseTatarstan. Ibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yezwi elingafakwanga. Ngisho nezimpaphe zincane kunezinye ezivamile.
Izikhova zaseTatarstan
Amabutho esifundeni amelwe umndeni owodwa omkhulu wezikhova. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zayo:
Isikhova esinomsila omude
Lesi yisikhova esilingana nenkukhu. Idiski yobuso ivezwa ekhanda elikhulu neliyindilinga. Ihlukaniswa yinyoni nomsila omude. Zonke ezinye izilwane zibukeka njengesikhova esincane esimpunga. Kulokho, ithoni ensundu yezimpaphe ibonakala kakhulu kunaleyo enomsila omude.
Umndeni wezikhova kulesi sifunda ubuye umelwe: izikhova ezimpunga nezimpunga, ezinkulu, ezinamalebe, ezimhlophe, izigaxa nezikhova, izikhova, izikhova zokhozi, izigaxa, izikhova zasendlini nezidlulayo. Konke - izinyoni zasehlathini zaseTatarstan.
Izinyoni ezifana nezimbuzi zeriphabhulikhi
E-Tatarstan, leli butho limelelwa yilo kuphela uhlobo lomndeni wezimbuzi. It:
I-nightjar ejwayelekile
Inamaphiko amade nomsila. Kodwa imilenze noqhwaku lwezimpaphe kufushane. Inhloko ye-nightjar isicabalele, njenge-siskin. Iphuzu lomlomo wenyoni ligobele phansi, futhi umlomo ubanzi futhi uthweswe umqhele emaphethelweni ngezimpaphe ezinjengezimpondo. I-nightjar nayo inamehlo amakhulu, ansundu aqhamukile.
Kwaphela amakhulu amabili eminyaka yocwaningo lwe-ornithological, i-nightjar ejwayelekile yayisabalele eTatarstan. Ngekhulu lama-21, lezi zinhlobo sezinciphe kakhulu. Le nyoni ifakwe kwiRed Book yaseRiphabhulikhi.
Izinyoni ezisheshayo zaseTatarstan
Endaweni yesifunda, iqembu limelelwa uhlobo olulodwa lomndeni osheshayo futhi yilezi:
I-swift emnyama
Ummeleli kuphela womndeni ogundiwe ku-republic. Inyoni, njengoba negama lisho, imnyama. Usayizi wejubane mkhulu kunenkonjane futhi awusebenzisi, njengoba yena, lapho ebaleka, ephonsa ngokucijile, akha kabusha.
E-Tatarstan, i-swift emnyama iningi. Isimo sisebenza ngesikhathi sokubukwa kwekhulu lesi-2 lezinhlobo ezweni.
Roller
Iyafana nosayizi wejay. Le nyoni ingeyomndeni wakwaRoller. Abamele bayo eTatarstan abasekho. I-Roller iyisitokisi. Inyoni le inekhanda elikhulu nomlomo omkhulu oqinile. Umsila mfushane kunalowo wejay, kanti amaphiko made. Umbala we-roller roller uhlanganisa i-chestnut, emnyama, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-Tatarstan ingumngcele osenyakatho wama-rollers wokwakha izidleke. Uhlala endaweni enamahlathi aseningizimu ye-republic.
I-kingfisher evamile
Kungokwasenkosi. Le nyoni inomzimba ohlangene, inhloko enkulu, uqhwaku olucijile nolude. Isithombe sihambisana nezimpaphe zamathoni e-orange-turquoise.
I-Common Kingfisher izidleke kulo lonke elaseTatarstan, kodwa uhlobo lincane.
UKingfisher umthandi wezinhlanzi omncane
Umdli wezinyosi wegolide
Ngendlela ye-Swift-like, imele umndeni odla izinyosi. Izimpaphe zinomzimba ohlangene nombala we-iridescent. Lesi sakamuva sihlanganisa okuphuzi, okuluhlaza okotshani, okusawolintshi, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okumnyama, imibala yezitini.
Umdla wezinyosi osagolide unesisindo esingaba ngama-gramu angama-50. E-Tatarstan, le nyoni indiza, kwesinye isikhathi iba nezidleke.
Izinyoni ze-Woodpecker zeriphabhulikhi
Iqembu limelwe ngumndeni owodwa wabagawuli bezinkuni. Esifundeni, kufaka izinhlobo ezi-8 zezinyoni, kufaka phakathi:
Umqali womuthi omncane
Isiqophamithi esincane kunazo zonke eYurophu. Inyoni le ayisindanga ngaphezu kwamagremu ama-25. Izimpaphe zesiqophamithi esingaphansi zinombala omnyama nomhlophe onemigqa yokukhanya elula enqamula ngemuva kwenyoni.
Izigxobo zezinkuni ezincane zizulazula ngaphesheya kwensimu yeTatarstan, ejwayelekile esifundeni, zihlala khona minyaka yonke. Izinhlobo ezinezimpiko zivame ukundiza ziye emadolobheni, zikhethe izindawo ezinamasimu ezihlahla kuzo.
Ngaphezu kwenyoni encane, umndeni we-woodpecker esifundeni uhlanganisa: izinwele ezimpunga, eziluhlaza, eziguquguqukayo, izinkuni ezinemibala emhlophe nezinzwane ezintathu, ama-woodpeckers aphuzi, nama-twist-necks.
Izinyoni ezidlulayo zaseTatarstan
Ukuhleleka okuningi kwesifunda kumelwe yimindeni engama-21 nezinhlobo zezinyoni eziyi-113. Nazi izibonelo:
Umsele
Imele umndeni wenkonjane. Ufanele omnyama ngemuva unezicucu ezimhlophe ngaphansi komzimba. Le nyoni inesisindo esingaba ngama-gramu angama-20 nezimpukane ngaphandle kokujika okubukhali, ngokwesibonelo, kwesibaya sokugwinya. Kubuye kube nezidleke esifundeni.
Izinhlobo zasogwini nazo zingezenkonjane eTatarstan. Uningi ezweni lonke.
Igxolo lezinkuni
Le yinyoni yomndeni we-lark. Izimpaphe ngosayizi ondlunkulu futhi ipendwe ngamathoni ansundu. Ekhanda lesilwane, izimpaphe ziyaphakama, zakha isidumbu. Lesi isici sawo wonke ama-lark. Ahluke ngama-nuances. Endle, isibonelo, ihlathi lehlukile emsileni ofushanisiwe.
E-Tatarstan, i-lark yehlathi itholakala ezigodini zaseVolga naseKama. Uhlobo olungajwayelekile, olufakwe eNcwadini Ebomvu yeRiphabhulikhi.
Phakathi kwama-lark esifundeni kukhona futhi: ama-lark aqoshiwe, amnyama, amhlophe namaphiko.
I-wagtail ephuzi
Imelela umndeni we-wagtail. Le nyoni ifana ne-wagtail emhlophe, kepha inomsila omfushane. Izinhlobo ezimhlophe azihlali eTatarstan. I-wagtail ephuzi ijwayelekile esifundeni; ihlala izidleke minyaka yonke.
Phakathi kwezinyoni ze-wagtail zaseTatarstan kukhona futhi: ihlathi, amabala, idlelo, amapayipi abomvu abomvu nezinsimu, anamakhanda amnyama, anombala ophuzi, izintaba, izinqola ezinamakhanda amhlophe nophuzi.
I-wagtail emhlophe
Ukuncipha okuvamile
Kushiwo ukuncipha. Ikhanda elinezimpaphe, kunjengokungathi licindezelwe kusuka ezinhlangothini, umsila omude, ugoqiwe ngemibala emhlophe, ebomvu, emnyama, ensundu nampunga.
Kule shrike, okunezinhlobo zayo ezi-3 kwiriphabhuliki, okujwayelekile kakhulu okusabalele futhi kuningi.
Umfundisi
Kanye nenkanyezi ejwayelekile, imele umndeni onenkanyezi eTatarstan. Ukubukeka okubomvana kwehlukile kokujwayelekile kubhoklolo olufushane nosayizi omncane. Umzimba wenyoni unombala opinki, ikhanda, isifuba namaphiko kumnyama futhi kuphephuli. Isidumbu esisekhanda lesinkanyezi sinombala ofanayo.
E-Tatarstan, inkanyezi ebomvana ayivelakancane ngokweqile, lapho indiza. Njengomthetho, izinyoni zindiza ukuze zizuze esikhonyane ngesikhathi seminyaka yokuhlasela kwazo okukhulu emazweni eriphabhulikhi.
UJackdaw
UJackdaw umnyama-slate nekhanda elimpunga, eligoqwe ngokulingene, lifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-34 ubude. Le nyoni ayinesisindo esingeqile kwama-gramu angama-20 futhi ingumndeni wama-corvids.
UJackdaw uvamile eTatarstan. Ezinye izinyoni zihlala esifundeni ebusika. Amanye ama-jackdaws andizela esimweni sezulu esibanda ezindaweni ezifudumele.
Kunezinhlobo eziyi-9 zama-corvids esifundeni. Ngokungeziwe kuma-jackdaw, lawa: amagwababa ampunga nabamnyama, i-rook, igwababa, i-magpie, i-nutcracker, i-jay ne-cuckoo.
Ikhilikithi yaseNightingale
Ubungako benyoni busondele impela kuleyo yekhilikithi, enesisindo esingama-gram ayi-11. Ubude bomzimba wezimpaphe bungamasentimitha ayi-14. Ingemuva lekhilikithi libomvu ngokubomvu, kanti ingaphansi lomzimba liyi-beige.
Amakhilikithi e-Nightingale - izinyoni zezingoma zaseTatarstan... I-trill enezimpiko iyakhala, kepha izwakala ithambile.
Ikhilikithi ye-nightingale ngokulandelana kwabantu abadlulayo imele umndeni we-warbler. Kusuka kuyo kwiriphabhulikhi kukhona futhi: umfula, amakhilikithi abonwayo navamile, amaNdiya, amanzi, ingadi, umashi, umhlanga, i-blackbird warbler ne-badger warbler, ama-warbler amaningana nama-warbler.
I-flycatcher encane
Abamele lezi zinhlobo baphakathi kwabadobi bezindiza. Izinyoni ezincane zincane kunamanye amalungu omndeni. Izinyoni zihlangene, zinemilomo emifushane. Izimpiko nomsila we-flycatcher encane nakho kufushane. Isilwane sicishe sibe yingxenye yesithathu kunondlunkulu.
Ama-flycatcher amancane ahlala esidlekeni seTrans-Kama neVolga esifundeni saseTatarstan, athathwa njengezinto ezivamile neziningi.
Ngaphezu kwesihlangu esincane sempukane, isidleke, izimpunga ezinemibala ehlukahlukene nezinezintambo ezimhlophe esidlekeni esifundeni.
Igajethi enekhanda elimnyama
Ngokulandelana kwezinyoni ezidlulayo, imele umndeni we-titmouse. Igajethi inesisindo esingu-10 amagremu. Inyoni imnyama bhuqe, kepha ikhanda licishe libe mnyama, kanti umbala webele ungamathoni ambalwa alula kunombala wangemuva. Lokhu kwehlukanisa inadi nempuphu. Awukho umngcele ocacile phakathi kombala wengaphezulu naphansi komzimba.
Inathi enamakhanda amnyama iyinhlobo yezinyoni ezihlala phansi ezihlala eTatarstan unyaka wonke. Ezindaweni ezisempumalanga yalesi sifunda, izinyoni azivamile, kanti kwezinye ziningi.
E-Tatarstan akusetshenziswa iRussia kuphela. Inyoni ngayinye inegama lesiTatar. I-Goose, isibonelo, ibizwa ngokuthi i-kaz. IBerkut ngesiTatar yi-berkert, kanti i-rook yi-kara karga. AmaSwans esifundeni abizwa ngama-Akkoshes. Isikhova ngesiTatar yiYabolak.
