Phakathi kwabakhile olwandle olujulile okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka imele izinhlanzi ezenziwe ngemisebe kusukela ku-oda lama-perchiformes. Yaziwa njengesilwane esisebenzayo, esisheshayo ekuhlaseleni isisulu. Ekuphishekeleni, igxumela phezulu, ithambekele emabhange ukuthola inyamazane.
Kodwa yena ngokwakhe uba into oyithandayo yokudoba ezemidlalo. Akulula ukunqoba umhlaseli - inhlanzi inomlingiswa ophelelwe yithemba, mhlawumbe yingakho kunjalo i-icefin iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yaba yinto yemidlalo yanamuhla yekhompyutha.
Incazelo nezici
Ungabona oqokelwe ukumela umndeni ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngomzimba wawo omude nophansi, ombozwe ngezikali ezincane eziyindilinga. Ngemuva kunamaphiko amabili anemisebe ecijile.
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Kokuqala ungabala u-7-8, kuthi kowesibili ungathola eyodwa kuphela, konke okunye kuyisifo se-cartilaginous, esithambile. Amabili amaphiko we-pectoral ne-pelvic amafushane, umsila ufakwe imfoloko.
Umbala wangemuva ubumnyama, luhlaza sasibhakabhaka, izinhlangothi ziyisiliva elikhanyayo, kanti isisu simhlophe qwa. Amaphiko wepectoral anendawo emnyama. Ikhanda elikhulu elinomlomo omkhulu. Umhlathi onamazinyo abukhali uqhutshelwa phambili. I-Bluefish esithombeni - ngokubukeka, umhlaseli wangempela, okuyikho.
Izinhlanzi ezinkulu zingakhula zifike ku-130 cm ubude futhi zikhulule isisindo esifinyelela ku-15 kg, kepha kwezinyamazane ezithengiswayo kuvame ukuba nobukhulu obungu-50-60 cm ngosayizi, onesisindo esifinyelela ku-5 kg.
I-Bluefish ichitha impilo iphakethe. Umndeni omkhulu wezinhlanzi uhlanganisa izinkulungwane zabantu. Ekufudukeni okungapheli, izikole zezilwane eziyingozi zibeka ingozi kwezinye izakhamuzi zolwandle, kepha zona ngokwazo ziba isisulu semikhumbi yokudoba.
Izikole zezinhlanzi zigcinwa ikakhulu emanzini olwandle, ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-200. Ngezikhathi ezishisayo ukufuduka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya ezingxenyeni ezingasogwini, emilonyeni yemifula, kodwa kubuyela olwandle oluvulekile nge-snap ebandayo.
Ekuzingeleni, ukhombisa ubungqabavu nentshisekelo. Izikole zezinhlanzi ezincane isikole esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iphuka ibe yizicucu ngokusetshenziswa okusheshayo, bese ihlose izisulu bese ikuthola ekuphonseni. Ngomlomo ovulekile, izifuba ezivuvukile, ibamba inyamazane bese iyidla ngokushesha. Ngemuva kokuphothula ukuzingela, umhlambi we-bluefishes uhlangana ngokushesha.
Amazinyo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Okomuntu okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka hhayi okuyingozi. Ekujuleni, ngemuva kokuhlangana ne-scuba diver, umhlambi ugijimela ukubaleka. Izinhlanzi ezibanjiwe kuphela, eziphikisa kakhulu, ezingadala umonakalo.
Kukumaphi amadamu atholakala
Abadobi abaningi banesiqiniseko sokuthi i-bluefish iyinhlanzi etholakala oLwandle Olumnyama kuphela, kwesinye isikhathi ivela emanzini ase-Azov, iKerch Strait. Lokhu empeleni kuyindawo yokuhlala eyinhloko yomzingeli, kepha izikole ezinkulu eziluhlaza zihlala emanzini asendaweni enesimo sezulu esipholile nasezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Atlantic. E-Pacific nase-Indian Ocean, izikole zezilwane ezivamile azivamile.
Amanzi afudumele oLwandle iMedithera nasogwini lwase-Afrika aheha ukufuduka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphansi kwethonya lamazinga okushisa kanye nengcindezi yasemkhathini, umhlaseli wasolwandle angacwila ekujuleni, ahlale kukholamu lamanzi futhi abhukude eduze kwaphezulu.
Ukudla okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Ukudla kwesidalwa sasolwandle izinhlanzi ezincane naphakathi nendawo. Ijubane lokuhlaselwa kokuzingela liphezulu kakhulu kangangokuba ososayensi abakwazanga ukunquma isikhathi eside ukuthi luhlaza bamba kanjani futhi ligwinya inyamazane. Ekuphishekeleni, weqa ngokushesha phezu kwamanzi, avale isisulu ngokuwa. Ukuqoshwa kwamavidiyo kwesimanje kuphela, ukubukwa kokuhamba kancane kuveze izimfihlakalo zokuziphatha kwakhe.
Ukubukwa kobuso bamanzi kusikisela ukuthi ama-bluefishes adla kuphi. Njengezindawo zokuhlala amanzi angenasawoti, izilwane ezidla ezinye zihlasela ngokubambisana ukuze kuhlinzwe isikole, bese zigijimisa isizungu, zibabhubhise ngesivinini esikhulu. Ukundindizela kwamaqhugwane kuvame ukunikeza indawo yokudlela eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukudla okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka koLwandle Olumnyama
- ama-anchovies;
- i-horse mackerel;
- izinhlanzi zasolwandle;
- i-mullet;
- i-herring;
- i-athena;
- i-hamsa;
- ama-sprats;
- cephalopods;
- ama-crustaceans, ngisho nezikelemu.
Ukushesha kokudla izisulu kwaveza insumansumane esabalele mayelana nokuhaha kohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okubulala izinhlanzi ngaphezu kwalokho ezingakudla. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi umhlaseli uluma inyamazane, kepha umbhalo oqoshiwe uyayiphikisa le mbono.
Ukubamba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Izidumbu zenyama eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zaziswa kakhulu. Kuqukethe kuze kufike ku-3% wamafutha namaprotheni angaphezu kuka-20%. Inyama emnandi enokuqina okunamandla ihlukaniswa njengesibiliboco esingadliwa esisha.
Izinhlanzi nazo zifakwa usawoti bese zomiswa. Ukunambitheka okubucayi kwesidliwayo sasolwandle kuyaziwa kubathandi baseWestern Atlantic, eBrazil, eVenezuela, e-Australia, e-USA, emazweni ase-Afrika. Cishe awekho amathambo amancane enyameni.
Ukubamba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Izikali ezincane kulula ukuzihlanza. Ukugcwaliswa kwezinhlanzi ezinamavithamini, ama-microelements kukwenza kube umkhiqizo owusizo. Emakethe yaseRussia, kwesinye isikhathi ungathola okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuthengiswa ngaphansi kwegama "ama-sea bass".
Abathandi bezinhlanzi bezinhlanzi kufanele bacabangele ukuthi lapho kulungiswa i-fresh bluefish udinga ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu: phakathi kwamaphiko ayo kukhona izinaliti ezinobuthi ezingadala ukukhubazeka kwezitho zomzimba lapho zilimele.
Maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, abadobi babamba uLwandle Olumnyama luhlaza ngamakhulu amathani. Kepha inani labantu lehle kakhulu kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Izinhlanzi zibanjwa emanetheni, kodwa kaningi zibanjwa ngenxa yenzalo.
Ukubamba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - into yokudoba ezemidlalo usebenzisa induku yokuphotha. Ukuluma okusebenzayo kuyabonakala ekuseni noma kusihlwa, ngesikhathi sokuzingelwa kwesilwane. I-bluefish esebenzayo ebanjwe ku-hook izomelana namandla ayo okugcina, kunzima kakhulu ukuyikhipha emanzini.
Inhlanzi yenza amajezi aphelelwe yithemba, igxuma ngokungazelelwe ekujuleni noma igxume iphume emanzini. Impi ingahlala amahora amaningi. Kuthatha ikhono elihle kakhulu, ulwazi ngemikhuba yezinhlanzi, amandla nokubekezela ukunqoba ukumelana nomzingeli.
I-Bluefish kwesinye isikhathi ikhula ibe nkulu
Ngokuvamile okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuphuma kunqobile, okuthi, ngenxa yokukhohlisa ngobuqili, kususe ingwegwe. Abadobi abanolwazi bazama ukubamba izinhlanzi khona manjalo. Lapho ingwegwe imiswe ngokuqinile emlonyeni, setha ibhuleki bese ukhiphela umhlaseli ngaphandle.
Induku yokuphotha enezandla ezimbili efakwe i-inertial reel kanye nomugqa ongu-0.4-0.5 mm ubukhulu ilungele ukudoba. Phakathi kwalabo abangenakuya ngaphakathi ungakhetha i- "Dolphin". Isipuni sidinga ukwakheka okulingene, nengxenye ye-concave ikhona. Umkhombe uthelwa ngothayela oncibilikisiwe. Isithiyelo esinesisindo siheha izinhlanzi ngezinga elikhulu, futhi izinsimbi azidingeki.
Ngasogwini, ama-bluefishes awavamile ukuvela, kuphela ngemuva kweziphepho, imvamisa abanjwa ezikebheni zezimoto. Kunzima ukuqagela ezindaweni zasolwandle lapho kuhlala khona izinhlanzi. Ukudoba ngokungahleliwe akuhehi izidlova ezizodwa.
Ama-shoals akhipha amanzi phezu kwamanzi, umsindo wezinhlanzi zasolwandle ukhangwa idili lezinhlanzi. Amathuba okudoba ngempumelelo akhulisa izingibe zezingcezu ze-horse mackerel, anchovy, garfish uma uzihambisa amamitha angama-70-90 uzungeze isikebhe. Ukudoba kuyaqhubeka kusukela maphakathi nehlobo kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile, ngenkathi izikole zemijikelezo yezinhlanzi ezincane eduze nogu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ukuvuthwa kwe-bluefish kuqala eminyakeni eyi-2-4. Umzingeli uzala kuphela emanzini afudumele kahle, kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Abesifazane bazalela amaqanda entanta ngqo olwandle, ngezingxenye eziningana.
Ukuzala okuphezulu kusindisa abantu ekuqothulweni, ngoba ezinye izinhlanzi zondla nge-caviar, futhi iningi lazo liyafa nje. Izinsikazi ezinkulu zizalela amakhulu ezinkulungwane, kuze kufike emaqanda ayisigidi, okuthi kuzo, uma zisinda, ziqandusele izibungu ezinsukwini ezimbili.
Mincane ngosayizi, ifana ne-zooplankton. Izibungu zithwalwa amabanga amade njengamanje. Kunzima kakhulu kososayensi ukutadisha zonke izindlela zokuzala.
Ekudleni kwezingane, izinhlawulo ze-crustacean, ama-invertebrates. Lapho umzimba wefry ukhula ufinyelela ku-8-11 cm, izinguquko zokudla okunempilo - umhlaseli wangempela uyavuka. Inhlanzi iba ukudla okuyinhloko. Abantu abahlaza okwesibhakabhaka bashintsha kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile: kunezikhathi zokuqothulwa, okushintshana nezigaba zobuningi.
