Yini inja yomuntu? Lokhu akuyona nje umngane ozinikele, kepha futhi unogada onokwethenjelwa. Ukufaneleka kwesilwane esinemilenze emine kungachazwa ngokungapheli, ngoba kunendlebe nephunga eliyingqayizivele. Inja ihambisane nomuntu ezinkulungwaneni eziningi zeminyaka.
Lesi silwane sasetshenziswa njengonogada ngenkathi kudla izinkomo, iphunga laso eliphakeme lalinenzuzo ekuzingeleni, futhi ekhaya isilwane saba ngumlingani futhi sibe ngumngane othembekile. Kodwa-ke, kuthiwa ngenja ukuthi phakathi kwazo zonke izilwane nguyena onezimfanelo zokuvikela ezinokwethenjelwa. Ngingathanda ukubhala uhlu kakhulu Izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zezinja.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amakhono wenja yokuqapha kanye nezinga lokuhlukumeza lizoya ngqo ekuqeqeshweni okutholakele. Ngu igama lezinja zokugada imvamisa kungenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi isilwane sakhuliswa ngaliphi izwe. Isibonelo, i-Central Asia, iJalimane noma iBelgian Shepherd, njalonjalo. Nhloboni okufanayo izinja eziqaphile?
* IBelgian Shepherd Dog (Malinois) yisilwane esakhiwe ngokugqamile, esinobunjwa obujwayelekile nemisipha emihle kakhulu. Izwe iBreeder - iBelgium, ama-subspecies afuywa ngemuva kwesikhashana, umehluko phakathi kwawo wawunombala nobude bejazi.
IMalinois inombala obomvu ngokufakwa okumnyama ezithweni, ezindlebeni, ebusweni bakha uhlobo lwesifihla-buso. Inja engumalusi inedatha enhle kakhulu yangaphandle, ifunda ngokushesha, inikezwe ubuhlakani, isibindi nokulalela.
Ayikubekezeleli ukuphathwa ngobudlova, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqeqeshe kusuka eminyakeni yezinyane lezinyanga ezimbili ubudala. Lolu hlobo lungumgcini omuhle wemfuyo kanye nekhaya. Manje zisetshenziswa njengephoyisa elithembekile.
Umalusi waseBelgium malinois
* URhodesian Ridgeback ungummeleli wezinja zomdabu eNingizimu Afrika. Okhokho balolu hlobo babengama-hound nezinja zokwalusa. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, baqala ukuzalanisa kuphela ukuzingela.
I-Ridgeback inamakhono wokuqapha anokwethenjelwa, iyakwazi ukuzwa umuntu ongamazi kude kakhulu. Isici esivelele sohlobo luyindawo ekhula kakhulu ngemuva kuphela ohlangothini oluhlukile.
Inja ihlakaniphile, iqinile futhi inamandla. Yize inkulu, kepha ingacabangi, imigqa yesifutho ihlakaniphile futhi inhle. URidgeback uyazethemba, uthembekile kumnikazi, akanandaba nabantu angabazi, kodwa uyakwazi ukuhlasela umuntu angamazi.
U-Rhodesian Ridgeback oqoshiwe
* UPuli - inja evela eHungary, ekuqaleni yazalelwa njengomalusi. Unesifiso sokuzivikela esithuthuke kahle, manje ubizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso (kuya kusayizi) izinja eziqaphile.
Ngaphandle, kuyahlekisa futhi kufana nombhoxo omude onqwabelanayo. Eqinisweni, inja inikezwe ukuzinikela, ukuqapha kanye nesibindi. Akayena nje umngane oqotho, kodwa futhi ungumqaphi weqiniso womndeni.
Abantu abangaziwa bangahlaselwa ngaphandle kwesixwayiso (ukukhonkotha), ngakho-ke kungcono ukungasondeli kubo. Kubalulekile ukufundisa nokufudumala, ngaphandle kwalokho inja izoba nethemba futhi ibe nolaka.
Inja yokuqapha inhlamvu
* UMkhuzi wuhlobo lwezinja ezingabelusi ezivela eHungary. Usayizi wenja yokuqapha kusuka ku-70 kuya ku-90 cm, isisindo - 40-60 kg. Ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okungajwayelekile, ivumelana kahle phakathi kwezimvu, uboya obude obusimo sama-roller buhlanganisa wonke umzimba.
Ngokushesha bagxila futhi bajwayele impilo emadolobheni amakhulu, bahlukaniswa ngokuzinikela kwabo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye abalindi, umkhuzi unesimo sokuzola, kepha usebenza ngokuyisisekelo. Umfundi ovelele, ngeke ahlasele futhi kuze kube yilapho usongo seluba sobala kakhulu. Kuhle ukuqeqeshwa ngendlela yokudlala.
Esithombeni kukhona inja yohlobo lweCommander
* I-Rottweiler iyinhlobo yezinja zensizakalo ezivela eJalimane. Inja enkulu yokuqapha unamakhono wokuqapha ahlukile, mhlawumbe angenasibindi kunazo zonke ezinye izihlobo.
Ngaphandle yakhiwe kahle, iqinile, iqinile futhi inemisipha. Kungokwenzalo ezinolaka, kubalulekile ukuthi iRottweiler yenze okuthile njalo. Unamandla angapheli, anikezwe amakhono ezenhlalo.
Uyawuqonda kahle umsebenzi abelwe wona, futhi avikele ngokuthembekile indawo yawo. Kubalulekile ukuthi lolu hlobo lukhombise ukuthi ngubani umnikazi, ngaphandle kwalokho inja izoqala ukubusa futhi ibe yindlala.
Uma kunezingane ezincane, inja izoba nolaka kuye futhi ikhombise inzuzo yakhe. Ngakho-ke, inja kufanele iqalwe ngabantu abadala kuphela, ingakunaki ukuqeqeshwa okufanelekile. Lolu hlobo lungabonakala ngamagama amabili "amandla" nokuthi "ukungathí sina".
U-Rottweiler osesithombeni
* I-Akita Inu uhlobo oluyingqayizivele lwezinja ezidabuka eJapane. Kubhekwa njengomunye wabamele izinja abathembeke kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, amaJapane ayisebenzisa njengomzingeli wezilwane ezinkulu zasendle ezinkangala.
U-Akita unezimfanelo ezingenakubuyiselwa emuva njengokuzwa nephunga. Uqaphile, unesibindi, uqine futhi uqotho. Imvelo ayinalo ulaka ngokwemvelo, kepha izolile. Ngeke akhonkothe ngokungadingekile, kepha ngesikhathi sosongo lwangempela uyakwazi ukusabela ngokushesha futhi athathe isinqumo.
Umndeni Akita ngeke abe umngane onokwethenjelwa kuphela, kodwa futhi unogada emangalisayo. Okuwukuphela kwento ebuyayo ukuthi inja kunzima ukuyifunda, kepha ngokubekezela okunengqondo, imiphumela emihle ingatholakala.
Esithombeni, inja yohlobo lwe-Akita Inu
* Umalusi waseJalimane - ubhekisa ku izinja eziqaphe kakhulu emhlabeni. Uhlobo lwatholakala ngokuwela izinja eziya emhlambini eJalimane. Imvu yezimvu ekuqaleni yayikhishelwa izinjongo zokwelusa nokusesha.
Ukucaciswa kohlobo lokuzalwa kuxhomeke ekutheni ubuchwepheshe bokuqeqeshwa obuhlukile bungasetshenziswa kuwo. Unesimiso sezinzwa esilinganiselayo, uyakwazi ukuhlaziya nokudweba iziphetho ezifanele.
Umalusi waseJalimane ujwayelekile ngokushintsha abanikazi, isibonelo, iRottweiler noma iGiant Schnauzer ayikuboni lokhu. Yingakho inja ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukusesha nokugada.
Uzimisele ngokusebenza kunokushintsha umnikazi. Ungenza imiyalo evela kunoma yiliphi iphoyisa. Kulezi zinzuzo, umalusi waseJalimane akanakho okulinganayo, ngaphandle kwalokho, ufakwe ezinjeni ezintathu ezihlakaniphe kakhulu emhlabeni. Inja yezimvu izoba ngumqaphi womndeni omuhle kakhulu, izwane nezingane futhi ibe nomusa ekhaya.
Inja yaseJalimane enguMalusi
* IGiant Schnauzer iyinhlangano yokubuka enhle kakhulu eyaduma phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yokuqala neyesibili. Ihlobene nezinhlobo ezinkulu, inokuzinikela okukhethekile, isimo semvelo esithuthuke kakhulu, esivumelana nokuqeqeshwa kalula.
Izici ezikhethekile zalolu hlobo ukubonakaliswa kokungonakali, inja ihlakaniphile futhi ikwazi ngokushesha ukukhohlisa. Inosayizi omangalisayo nombala omnyama. Unazo zonke izimfanelo ezifanayo inja yesevisi okufanele ibe nayo.
Ekuqaleni, lolu hlobo lwalusetshenziswa njengabaqhubi bezinkomo emabangeni amade, base bebekwa njengabaqaphi ezindaweni zokuphuza emadolobheni aseJalimane. Ngokugqashuka kwempi, uGiant Schnauzers waba ngabangane ababalulekile besosha, kamuva baba ngamaphoyisa. Inja igxila kahle edolobheni elikhulu.
Esithombeni, iGiant Schnauzer
* UDoberman wuhlobo olungabizwa ngokuthi izinja eziqaphe kakhulu... Yilezi zinja ezizibekela umsebenzi: okokuqala, ukuphepha komndeni, bese kuba yikho konke okunye. Ukhuliswe eJalimane njengenja yokusebenza.
UDoberman unomzimba owakhiwe kahle, onemisipha, onemigqa ebushelelezi ehambisanayo, uhlanganisa ubuhle namandla. Umbala ojwayelekile kufanele ube mnyama-igwababa noma onsundu, uphenduke ushokoledi omnyama.
UDoberman unobuntu obunobungane, ufana nomsizi onenhlonipho kunengonyama ethukuthele. Unokuziphatha okulinganiselayo nokwenele, ubekezelela ngomoya ophansi imidlalo kanye nokwenza imigilingwane yezingane, ikakhulukazi izingane azithandayo. Ukubona umuntu ongamazi, ukhonkotha kakhulu, uma lokhu kungamethusi, angahlasela, akunakwenzeka ukubalekela kuye.
Inja kaDoberman
* IBullmastiff - iphelele inja egadayo ekhaya ekuqaleni kwase-UK. Kungumphumela wokuhlanganiswa kwe-mastiff nge-bulldog. Ngaphandle, inja inokubukeka okumangazayo nokusabisayo, inokukhula okuphezulu nesifonyo esesabekayo.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungokwangaphandle kuphela, inja inesimo esizolile, ayikhombisi ulaka ngokungadingekile. Ukuze isilwane sibe umngane womndeni onokwethenjelwa, kufanele sithengwe njengomdlwane. UBullmastiff ufunda ngokushesha, kepha udinga isikhala esiningi nokuhamba njalo.
Uhlala kahle nezingane, uhlukaniswa ngokuyala nokubekezela. Uzimisele ngomsebenzi futhi unephunga eliyingqayizivele. Inja yazalelwa ngokukhethekile ukuvikela izindawo ezinkulu zehlathi.
Unogada wenja yenja
* Inja yokuqapha yaseMoscow - uhlobo lwezinja ezisebenzayo, ezifuyiwe kuma-50s wekhulu lokugcina. ISt Bernard, Inja Yabelusi baseCaucasus kanye neRussia Hound babambe iqhaza ekuweleni. Uhlobo lwakhuliswa kuphela ngenhloso yokuthunyelwa; eminyakeni yangemva kwempi, izwe lalidinga izinsiza ezinjalo zokuvikela.
Umlindi waseMoscow uyisilwane esikhulu, esihambayo, esinemisipha ekhule kahle. Umlingiswa uzolile, uzimele futhi uyazethemba, wenza ukuxhumana ngokushesha. Umsebenzi wawo omkhulu ukuvikela indawo eyabiwe kanye nomnikazi. Ezimweni eziyingozi, ukhombisa ukungasabi, futhi uzoma kuze kube sekupheleni.
Umbala ungaba bomvu, unamabhuleki ahlukene. Umbala omhlophe esifubeni uyadingeka, imaski emnyama ekhanda nombala omnyama ezindlebeni zamukelekile. Le nja idinga insimu enkulu, ayinakugcinwa emafulethini asedolobheni.
Inja yokuqapha yaseMoscow
* ICaucasian Shepherd Dog - ingenye yezinhlobo zakudala emhlabeni, ezivela eCaucasus enezintaba. Ukuphikelela, isibindi, umlingiswa wokuthatha isinqumo, uyasola ngabantu ongabazi. Ngokuqeqeshwa okufanele, kuzoba inja enhle kakhulu nenja yesevisi.
Ekuqaleni, uhlobo eCaucasus lwazalelwa ukuvikela izindawo zokuhlala nemihlambi yezimvu. Kamuva, inja yaqhubeka nokwenza ngcono amakhono okuvikela njengokungazethembi, ukuzethemba, amandla omzimba, ukuzwa okujulile nephunga. Ijazi elijiyile lisebenza njengesivikelo emvuleni. Ngesikhathi sezimpi, lohlobo lwalusetshenziswa ngenkuthalo njengonogada.
ICaucasian Shepherd Dog
* Inja Yomalusi wase-Asia Alabai - uhlobo lokugada izinja ngomzwelo wokuzivikela ovezwe ngenkuthalo (wolfhound). Inosayizi omangalisayo, inikezwe isibindi, ukukhuthazela nokuzithemba. Ulaka kubantu ongabazi nakwezinye izilwane.
Ekuqaleni yayisetshenziswa njengenja ebukayo emadlelweni, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokuqeqeshwa okuhle, yaba ngumqaphi omuhle kakhulu. Izimfanelo eziyinhloko ezihlukanisa ukuvikela nokuvikela, ngakho-ke inja kufanele igcinwe endaweni enkulu. Kodwa-ke, amakhono okuvikela adluliselwa ngofuzo kuphela; angakhuliswa kuphela ngeminyaka emithathu yokuqeqeshwa.
Inja Yomalusi wase-Asia (Alabai)
* INingizimu Russian Shepherd Dog yinja enkulu enezinwele ezinde, eningizimu ye-Ukraine ithathwa njengezwe layo. Banamakhono amahle kakhulu wokuqapha njengokuzinikela, ukwanela kanye nobuhlakani.
Iyakwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngokuzimela. Uyasola futhi unolaka ngokwemvelo, ikakhulukazi kubantu angabazi. Esifubeni somndeni, uziphatha ngobungane, kepha ulalela inkosi eyodwa kuphela. Indlela ekhethekile nenembile kufanele ibe semfundweni, ngoba inja ngeke ilawulwe futhi ibe yingozi.
Umbala wenja ungaba mhlophe, ube mpunga, ufane ufakwe ngokubomvu, nsundu nokuphuzi. Umhlambi wezimvu uzivumelanisa ngokuphelele nanoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, unempilo enhle.
UMalusi waseNingizimu South
* I-Dogo Argentino iyinhlobo yezinja ezalelwa e-Argentina ngokuwela okuyinkimbinkimbi. IGreat Dane idalelwe ukuthi ibe ngumzingeli omkhulu womdlalo. Futhi, uzibonakalisile njengonogada nonogada.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuqeqeshwa ngakunye kwasetshenziswa. Usayizi wenja mkhulu, ngomthethosisekelo ohambisanayo, ijazi lithambile futhi lisilika ekuthinteni. Muva nje, zivame ukusetshenziswa njengabaqaphi.
I-Great Dane kulula ukuyifunda, hhayi ukuzikhukhumeza, yenza ukuxhumana ngokushesha, inokushesha futhi iyashesha ukuqonda. Unobuciko obukhethekile, futhi angabona isizinda somzwelo somuntu. Iyakwazi ukusabela engozini ngejubane lombani.
Okufanekisiwe dogo argentino
* I-Mastiff yase-Italy (Umhlanga Corso Italiano) - yasendulo umlindi zala izinja, omunye wabangane abathembekile futhi abathembekile, umqaphi weqiniso. Lolu hlobo lwalubalwa phakathi kwamaqhawe angempela abemi eduze kwamabutho empi aseRoma.
Babevame ukusetshenziswa njengonogada bezolimo, kamuva basondelana nomndeni futhi benza abangane babo. Inja ingosayizi ophakathi nendawo, inamandla amakhulu kakhulu okuqina, isibindi kanye nezikhulu.
UCane Corso unikezwe amakhono okuxhumana nabantu, ngakho-ke udinga ukukhombisa kusukela esemncane ukuthi ngubani ophethe nokuthi izindima ezisebenzayo zisatshalaliswa kanjani. Uhlalisana kahle nawo wonke amalungu omndeni, ikakhulukazi uthanda izingane. Inja eqeqeshwe kahle izosebenzisa ubudlova kuphela ezimweni zosongo lwangempela.
Inja izala umhlanga corso
* Umshayisibhakela waseJalimane ungumngane wangempela nomqaphi ongenakuqhathaniswa. Isithombe lokhu inja egadayo kuholela ekuthandweni. Futhi ngesizathu esihle, singasho ngaye ukuthi lokhu kuyinqwaba yemisipha eqinile.
IBoxer iyinja enesibopho futhi enenhloso, ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesiqondisi. Umbala ungabomvu ezansi nemivimbo emnyama iyehla. Inja izogxila ngokuphelele ezindongeni zedolobha elincane, ngokungafani nenja yomalusi waseCaucasus.
Isilwane sasekhaya sinesimiso sezinzwa esizinzile nesimo esihle semvelo. Ufunda ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha ufeza imiphumela edingekayo. Isibindi nokwesaba akusiko kuye. Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yomshayisibhakela umlingiswa wakhe odlalayo nobuhlakani bakhe.
Umshayisibhakela waseJalimane
* USheltie (uShetland Sheepdog) - uhlobo lwenja edabuka eziqhingini zaseShetland. Unesiqu esincane, uyasebenza, uyadlala, unamakhono amahle okwelusa nawokuqapha. USheltie ungumngani othembekile nonogada onokwethenjelwa, kepha akanakho ukuzethemba nobumnene benjabulo.
Uzwana kahle nawo wonke umndeni, ikakhulukazi uthanda ukudlala nezingane. Inja ijwayela ngokushesha kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu. Uma kukhona ukukhetha, yikuphi thenga inja yokugada, bese inketho efaneleke kakhulu yiShetland Sheepdog.
Inja Yokuqapha kaSheltie
* UCollie (uMalusi waseScotland) - inja enobukhulu obumangalisayo, odabuka eScotland, wazalelwa ngokukhethekile njengomalusi. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, wakhombisa amakhono amahle kakhulu ekusesheni, ekuvikeleni nasekusebenzisaneni.
UCollie muhle ngaphandle, unikezwe umusa okhethekile nokuma okuhle. Ijazi layo elide, elisasilika lisebenza njengejazi lemvula futhi livikela esimweni sezulu. Izinga lithathwa njengelithengiswayo ngesikhumba esimnyama, ukhololo omhlophe nemilenze yangaphambili emhlophe.
Ngokuthanda kwami, lolu hlobo lungenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu futhi eziqotho kakhulu. Imidlwane lokhu inja egadayo ukuqaqa ngaphandle kokulibala. Uthanda umnikazi nezingane zakhe, unamathele kakhulu.
Inja kaCollie
* IPekingese - enye yezinhlobo zasendulo, ezivela eChina, ingeye izinja ezincane zokugada... Kukhiqizwe njenge-subspecies yasebukhosini ngaphezu kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili eyedlule. Uzohlala ekhombisa imvelaphi yakhe ngekhanda elibanjwe ngokuziqhenya nokubukeka okuziqhenyayo, futhi afune ukunakwa okukhethekile kuye.
Yize uPekingese ezimele futhi ezikhukhumezayo, usalazi kahle ibhizinisi lakhe. Uzokwazisa ngokubonakala kwesihambi ngokukhonkotha okukhulu nokukhathazeka okuqinile; ngesikhathi sosongo, inja ikhombisa ukwesaba futhi ikulungele ngisho nokungena empini engalingani. Ngemuva kokukhetha umnikazi, uzoba ngumngani othembekile nothembekile kuye.
Inja yePekingese
Ukukhetha unogada onemilenze emine kuyindaba yomuntu ngamunye. Zonke izimo kufanele zicatshangelwe lapha - kusuka kusayizi wendawo yokuhlala kuya ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Izindlela eziyinhloko qapha amanani ezinja - uhlobo nokuzala.
