Izilwane zeplanethi yethu zishintshe kakhulu kule minyaka eyikhulu edlule. Umuntu ngokungenasihawu unciphisa inani labantu abaningi, ubayisa ekunyamalaleni kwabo okuphelele, umuntu uvikela ngomthetho iningi labasindile, ebangezela eNcwadini Ebomvu.
Kuyindilinga enonya phakathi kokuhaha nobuntu. Inyoni i-grouse Ungomunye walabo. Usendaweni ehloniphekile eNcwadini Ebomvu futhi ungesinye sezilwane ezifunwa kakhulu ngabazingeli abangekho emthethweni.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo i-grouse
Ukubukeka kwe-grouse kufana kakhulu ne-grouse emnyama ne-hazel grouse. Indlela aziphethe ngayo nayo icishe ifane nesimo salezi zinyoni. Ungasho inyoni ye-grouse Ingabe isiphambano phakathi kwe-grouse emnyama ne-hazel grouse, i-grouse emnyama inkudlwana ngosayizi.
Uma ubheka iSiberia Grouse, awukwazi ukusho ukuthi inesisindo esingama-500-600 amagremu, izimpaphe eziluhlaza ngokubonakalayo ziyenza ibe nkudlwana. Ubude besilinganiso sale nyoni bungamasentimitha angama-45. Yize amahlumela enamaphiko amancane, lokhu akuvimbeli ekuthuthukiseni isivinini esihle sokundiza.
Esithombeni, inyoni ye-spruce yowesifazane
Izidladla zakhe zimbozwe ngokweqile, ebusika lokhu akumvumeli ukuba aqandiswe. IHazel grouse ilula kancane kune i-grouse... Kubuye kuhlukaniswe ngokuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene okuhlanganisiwe ngemuva kwesisekelo sezimpaphe ezinkulu, ezimnyama.
Kuwo ungabona umbala obomvu, beige, onombala ompunga, amabala. Izimpaphe ezimhlophe njengeqhwa zibonakala kakhulu esihlokweni somsila namaphiko. Ukungafani kokumhlophe nokumnyama kunika i-spruce ubuhle obuhle futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, siyasivikela ezitheni.
Lo mbala wenza ungabonakali phakathi kwamagatsha ezihlahla. Abesifazane banamabala amhlophe amaningi, futhi ingemuva eliyinhloko lezimpaphe aliyona i-chestnut emnyama, njengowesilisa, kodwa elula, enombala obomvu.
Inani lezindawo zezinyoni alisakazekile namuhla njengoba lalinjalo ngenkathi yeSoviet. Inombolo yabo enkulu kakhulu ibonwa ogwini loLwandle i-Okhotsk, empumalanga yeTransbaikalia, eningizimu yeYakutia.
UDikusha uhlala ikakhulukazi emahlathini ase-spruce. Kuyena, indawo yokuhlala efanelekile iyizimfunda ezinomthunzi, ezibonakala ngobumanzi, lapho kukhula khona amahlathi aminyene ama-lingonberries, ama-blueberries, ama-cloudberry. Bakhetha ikhava yomhlabathi lapho kunenani elanele lobulembu obukhulu.
Inani lamahlumela yanda ngokuphawulekayo kuma-90s wekhulu elidlule. Inani elikhulu lezilwane ezincane zayiswa ema-zoo amaningi, ngokwesibonelo, eNovosibirsk Zoo, futhi manje umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ukukhulisa inani lalezi zinhlobo zezinyoni. Ngeshwa, abazingeli abangekho emthethweni bayaqhubeka nomsebenzi wabo, noma kunjalo ukuzingela i-grouse ukujeziswa ngumthetho.
Imvelo nendlela yokuphila ye-grouse yaseSiberia
UDikusha uthanda ukuhlala athule emagatsheni ezihlahla ukuze kungabikho muntu ombonayo. Le nyoni ayinamahloni, ukuzisola kwakhe okukhulu. Kwakungalesi sici esakhonza ukufaka i-spruce yaseSiberia kwiRed Book.
Izinyoni ziphila ngendlela ehlukanisiwe yokuphila, kuyaqabukela lapho zihlangana njengemihlambi. Ukungasebenzi kwabo kusiza ukunganakwa emagatsheni ezihlahla. Ngisho nasemagatsheni, bahlala kuphela amamitha ama-2 ukusuka emhlabathini.
Azihambi ibanga elide, zikhetha ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa. Ukuziphatha okwehlukile kwe-grouse ilele ekutheni lapho ethukile, lapho kutholakala umuntu eduze, ayindizeli kude, kepha kunalokho, indiza ize isondele futhi ibheke lowo muntu ngentshisekelo.
Yingakho I-grouse yaseSiberia isisulu esilula sabazingeli, ngoba awudingi ukuchitha ama-cartridge kuzo. Kwanele ukubopha izintambo eziningi futhi uma nje uqoqe ngokuthula abantu ababanjwe kuluphu.
Ngisho ne-alamu eyingozi kakhulu, iSiberia Grouse ngeke imemeze, isabe wonke umuntu endaweni, kepha ngokuthobeka izobona okwenzekayo. Ukuziphatha kwe-Grouse ngenxa yokuthi umbala wayo ukuvumela ukuthi ungabonwa phakathi kwamahlamvu ezihlahla isikhathi eside. Akathathi ukubekezela kulokhu, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni yokuqala yosuku, ngoba iSiberia Grouse iyathanda ukulala ngalesi sikhathi, iba namandla ngokwengeziwe ngemuva kwesidlo sasemini.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Njengenyoni yomndeni we-grouse, idla ngokufana nalokho i-hazel grouse grouse. Isabelo esikhulu semikhiqizo ukudla kwezitshalo. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, i-grouse yaseSiberia ithanda izinaliti, lokhu cishe kungama-70% wokudla kwayo.
Lokhu kukhetha kumnikeza ithuba lokuphila okunomsoco unyaka wonke. Ngokuhlukile, i-grouse yaseSiberia idla amajikijolo, ama-blueberries namaqabunga e-lingonberry. Kwesinye isikhathi izinyoni azizinaki izinambuzane ezinjengezimbungulu, izintuthwane.
Ukuze ukudla kudlule kahle kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokugaya ukudla, i-grouse yaseSiberia idinga ukudla amatshe amancane. Lapho kufundwa ukwakheka kwesisu kwezinyoni eziningi ezibanjiwe, kwatholakala ukuthi amatshe amatshe enza u-30% wokudla okuphelele.
Abantu abasha badla ngokuyinhloko izinambuzane, ngoba umzimba okhulayo wamachwane udinga inani elanele lokudla kwamaprotheni. Sebefinyelele esigabeni sokuthomba, ukuthanda kwabo kuyashintsha, bese bashintshela ekudleni kokutshala.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo ye-grouse yaseSiberia
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwamahlumela kwenzeka ngonyaka owodwa emva kokuzalwa, njengakuzo zonke izinkukhu. Uma kushisa kakhulu, ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, imidlalo yokuqhamuka iqala ngalezi zinyoni.
Njengomthetho, owesilisa uthatha sonke isinyathelo futhi azame ngazo zonke izindlela ukuheha insikazi kuye. Uphakamisa ikhanda lakhe phezulu, avule umsila wakhe. Uyakwazi ukuhamba, aziqhayise phambi kowesifazane, enze imisindo engavumelani, njenge-capercaillie, noma angandiza aye kuye.
Izinsikazi zasendle ezinechwane
Kwezinyeisithombe se-grouse ungabona ukuthi owesilisa uzama kanjani ukujabulisa okhethiweyo wakhe. Ukubonakala kwakhe konke ngalesi sikhathi kusikisela ukuthi owesilisa udlala ngokuzimisela. Ngamehlo abomvu, uzama ukungalahleki kowesifazane, futhi ulinda ngokunganaki ukuthunywa kwakhe. Izingulube zasendle zazishunqa, kodwa ezeduna azibambi iqhaza empilweni yamazinyane, ziyazigada kuphela.
Kwakhiwa isidleke ngaphansi kwesihlahla esinomqhele ochumayo. Amagatsha amancanyana abekwa phansi emhlabathini, futhi ekuqaleni - maphakathi nenyanga kaMeyi, owesifazane uhlala emaqandeni. Kuze kube manje, akukaze kwenziwe ucwaningo lokuthi owesifazane ubekela amaqanda kangakanani.
Kepha izingqapheli zakwazi ukubona amaqanda ayisishiyagalombili esidlekeni, okwakwenza ukuthi kube nokucabanga ukuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, amahlumela abekela cishe amaqanda ayishumi nambili. Amaqanda angumbala omnqumo okhanyayo namabala amnyama. Ngezinsuku ezingama-24-25, kuvela inzalo, amaphuphu aqala ukundiza ekupheleni kukaJuni.
Isikhathi sokuphila ezindaweni zasendle ezisukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kwengu-14. Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-80s yekhulu elidlule, ososayensi baqaphe isikhathi sempilo ye-grouse, eyathunyelwa ema-zoo. Ngeshwa, cishe bonke abantu bafa ngezinsuku eziyi-10 - 20, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuhamba isikhathi eside.
Isici se-Asian Grouse izimpaphe zokundiza zangaphandle zephiko, ezinesimo esikhombe. Ngenxa yalesi sici I-Asian Grouse yakhethelwa njengohlobo oluhlukile.
Esithombeni, owesilisa waseSiberia Grouse
UDikusha eNyakatho Melika obeye aziwe njengo I-grouse yaseCanada... Ibonakala ngamaphiko angakhonjwanga nesisindo esincane (kuze kufike ku-50 amagremu). Iqiniso elithandekayo ngeSiberia Grouse ngukuthi inyama yale nyoni inambitheka kancane ngenxa yokuthi idla izinaliti eziningi. Leli qiniso aliphazamisi ukulizingela nokunciphisa inani lalo minyaka yonke.
