Kuma-movie amaningi nakopopayi, amagundane ayinto esabisayo neyenyanyekayo. Ziyesatshwa, ziyagwenywa, futhi azinakwa ngandlela thile. Bethuke ukuvela kwamagundane, abesifazane bayizinkombankombane zakudala. Kepha kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi ngabe kunjalo ngempela? Futhi ingabe le igundane elinomsila liyisidalwa esibi nesingemnandi ngempela.
Izinto ezimbi kakhulu azihlali zivela kulezi zilwane. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi bangabathwali bezifo ezahlukahlukene. Kepha kuyaziwa futhi kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi lokhu kungenye yalezo zidalwa eziphilayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ngesikhathi socwaningo lwelabhoratri. Ngakho-ke, amagundane abelokhu engenayo indima yokugcina ezimpilweni zabantu. Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kwesinye isikhathi zisho lukhulu esintwini.
Abantu bayakhathala kungani igundane elimhlophe liphupha? Kunezincwadi ezingaphezu kwezanele zamaphupho. Kepha cishe kuzo zonke, ukuqokwa kwamaphupho anjalo akukuhle kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, igundane elimhlophe liphupha ngobubi, ukukhaphela, inkathazo nesizungu.
Kwezinye izimo, uboya obumhlophe bezilwane bukhombisa ubumsulwa nobuhle. Kepha ngezinga elikhulu, uma kukhulunywa ngamagundane amhlophe, ukubikezelwa kwezincwadi zamaphupho kuvame ukuba kubi kakhulu.
Igundane elimhlophe - Lesi yisidalwa esifuywayo sombala omhlophe nampunga, okusanda kubhekwa njengesinye sezithandwa kakhulu nezithandwa phakathi kwezilwane ezifuywayo.
Emuva ngekhulu le-18, amaJapane ayenesithakazelo kulezi zilwane. Baqala ukuthanjiswa ngokucophelela ezweni lokuphuma kwelanga. Ekuqaleni, ochwepheshe babhala ngisho nemiyalo yokunakekelwa nokugcinwa. amagundane amhlophe asekhaya.
Kamuva balethwa eYurophu naseMelika bawela namagundane angama-albino. Ngenxa yalolu hambo futhi ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima wabazalisi, wesimanje igundane elimhlophe elithambile.
Lezi zilwane azihlali zimhlophe qwa. Bangu amagundane amnyama namhlophe noma amagundane ampunga omhlophe. Lesi yisici sabo esiyinhloko esihlukanisayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ziyefana.
Incazelo nezici zesilinganiso esimhlophe
Ngaphandle, amagundane amhlophe afuywayo ahlukile kunawasendle ngombala wejazi, ezinye izici zezinhlamvu nemikhuba. Abesilisa babo bakala ngokwesilinganiso kusuka ku-400 g kuye ku-650 g, isisindo sabesifazane sisukela ku-300 g kuye ku-450 g.
Izilwane ezifuywe ekuthunjweni zinokuthula okukhulu kunezinye zazo zasendle kanye nesisindo somzimba esithe xaxa. Amagundane asendle anezitho zangaphakathi ezinkulu kakhulu.
Futhi ziyasebenza ebusuku, kodwa emini zicasha ezindaweni eziyimfihlo. Amagundane asekhaya alala ebusuku, futhi aphaphama kuphela emini.
Lezi zilwane ezihlukile zihlukaniswe zaba ama-subspecies amaningi, ancike emibala, ikhwalithi yejazi. Amagundane amhlophe, abomvu, amnyama, ansundu, futhi ampunga ngerubhi, abomvu, namehlo amnyama. Kwesinye isikhathi kunezibonelo ezinamehlo ahlukile.
Ngenxa yemisebenzi yabafuyi, abameleli abanemibala ehlukahlukene yamagundane asekhaya bavele muva nje, lapho amathoni amhlophe ahlanganiswe khona nempunga kanye ne-beige. Ngithanda ukuqaphela ukuthi lokhu kungumbono omuhle.
Igundane elimhlophe esithombeni ikhombisa konke ukuthamba nokuthandana kwesilwane. Ngeminye imibala, ithola incazelo ehluke kancane. Kuba okucacile kakhudlwana futhi kuthakazelise. Ngo-1984, igundane lokuqala elimhlophe lazalwa lingenamsila. Ngesikhathi sethu, abantu abanjalo sebethole isikhundla esikhethekile futhi babekwa emgangathweni.
Lezi zilwane ezifuywayo nazo zihlukile ngesimo sezindlebe.Ziyindilinga futhi zikhombe. Amajazi abo nawo angahluka. Kukhona amagundane anezinwele ezimfishane, ezisontekile, ezi-wavy futhi ngokuvamile ezinempandla.
Muva nje, i-rarity encane iyi- amagundane amhlophe anamehlo abomvu. Lawa amagundane angama-albino anezinkinga ngokukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, yingakho umbala onombala wamehlo.
Ama-Albino anezinkinga ezinkulu zokuzivikela, ngakho-ke impilo yawo imfushane kakhulu. Bangabajabulisa abanikazi babo kusuka ku-1 kuye eminyakeni eyi-1.5. Vele, kwenzeka ukuthi ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokukhathazeka ngabo, ama-albino angaphila kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu, kepha lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu.
Lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo azikhiphi iphunga, njengoba kunjalo ngezinye izilwane eziningi ezifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, amagundane awalethi izinkinga eziningi nezikhathi ezingathandeki kulokhu.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yegundane elimhlophe
Lezi zilwane ezihlobisa ezihlekisayo zinemikhuba yazo kanye nemikhuba yazo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuwabuka, lapho ungathola khona izikhathi eziningi ezimnandi nezihlekisayo.
Amagundane angajwayela uhlelo olusungulwe ngezinsuku ezimbalwa. Abancane, abantu abazuzile kuphela abangalala emini futhi bahlale bephapheme ebusuku. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, bakha kabusha isigqi esifanayo sempilo njengabanikazi babo futhi bazizwa behle ngasikhathi sinye.
Yizidalwa ezinhle ezithule. Bahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi banengqondo efiselekayo Banenkumbulo enhle kakhulu, inhlanzeko ephelele, ngokungafani nezinye izidalwa ezinjengabo.
Amagundane kulula ukuwathambisa. Lapho bekhulile, baba nemizwa ngokwengeziwe. Bangakwazi ukugibela ethangeni lomnikazi futhi bamvumele ukuthi aphulule ngokungapheli umhlane wakhe nangemva kwezindlebe. Abanikazi abaningi balezi zilwane bathi babhekana nokukhululeka kwengcindezi kanye namakati.
Amagundane amaningi aqale akhumbule amagama awo futhi ahlala ephendula kuwo. Uma ubhekana nazo, amagundane ayakwazi ukufeza eminye imiyalo elula yomnikazi.
Lena akuyona inja edinga ukuhamba njalo. Kepha igundane lizokuthokozela ukuhamba ehlombe lomnikazi walo noma liye ukuvakashela. Into esemqoka ukuthi awubandi kakhulu ngaphandle.
Abanamahloni, kepha esimweni esingajwayelekile futhi esingaqondakali kubo, bakhetha ukucasha ephaketheni noma ngaphansi kwekhola lomnikazi wabo. Isilwane singahamba ngokukhululeka egumbini. Kepha ungakhohlwa ngokuqapha lapho wenza lokhu futhi unake isilwane.
Ziyizilwane zomphakathi. Kubo, umphakathi wabantu nezinhlobo zabo kusho lukhulu. Bathanda ukuphululwa, bayakudinga nje. Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi ethile, isilwane singaba nesithukuthezi, ngakho-ke bamane badinga amadivayisi ahlukahlukene esheji ngesitebhisi nangezintambo.
Uma umnikazi enesikhathi esincane samahhala sokuxhumana nesilwane sakhe, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthi ekuqaleni ube namagundane amabili, okumele afakwe ngokushesha, ngaphandle kwalokho izingxabano zingenzeka phakathi kwazo.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi amagundane abe ngabobulili obufanayo, ngaphandle kwalokho, ngenxa yokuzala okuphezulu kwalaba bantu, ungaba ngumnikazi womndeni omkhulu wamagundane ngesikhathi esifushane. Amagundane asekhaya anayo yonke imvelo afana nezingane ezincane.
Bona, njengezingane, badinga ukunakekelwa njalo nokufundiswa. Okuningi ekuqaleni kuncike esimweni sokucophelela nokunaka kubo. Ngakho-ke, njengokuzwakala kuyindida, igundane lesilwane sasekhaya lidinga ukufundiswa. Kuya ngokuthi izoziphatha kanjani igundane elikhulu elimhlophe.
Uma isilwane sigcwele, futhi umnikazi echitha isikhathi esanele naye, kuzoba nzima ukuthola isidalwa esinothando, esimnene futhi esisebenzayo ngasikhathi sinye. Ngaphandle kwalokho, uma ephathwa kabi, amagundane ayathukuthela, esabe futhi alume.
Indawo yokuhlala amagundane amhlophe
Lesi silwane esimangalisayo ngokuqinisekile sizozizwa sikhululekile futhi sinethezekile endlini yaso. Ungasebenzisa ikheji lensimbi ngethreyi ekhethekile.
Iphalethi kufanele lenziwe ngepulasitiki ukuze kugwenywe ukumuncwa kwephunga elibi elingaba khona okhunini. Futhi, isihlahla singadala ukusabalala kwesifo.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ikheji lezindlu lezindlu kufanele libe likhulu kakhulu kunekheji le-hamster. Isilwane sizozizwa sikhululeke kakhulu esibayeni esinezitezi eziningi.
Kuyo, kuzoba lula ukuthi igundane likhokhele indlela yokuphila esebenzayo, futhi lihambe liye kunoma iyiphi indlela. Isilwane asikuthandi ukuqina. Kuzoba kuhle uma ukuphakama phakathi kwamaphansi okungenani kungama-20 cm.
Akufanele kube khona izinto ezibukhali neziphumayo endlini eyigundane. Kungcono ukubeka ipulasitiki noma i-linoleum phansi, kulula futhi kuyashesha ukugeza, ngaphandle kwalokho, endaweni enjalo, isilwane asikwazi ukulimaza izidladla zaso.
Qinisekisa ukuthi uqinisekisa ukuthi ikheji lesilwane alimi kuhlaka. Futhi, amagundane asekhaya, ikakhulukazi ama-albino, awathandi ilanga eliqondile. Isilwane sizozwa kahle futhi sinethezekile esibayeni esimi etafuleni ubude baso obucishe bube u-1 m.
Ungakhohlwa ngenhlanzeko. Indawo yokuhlala amagundane kufanele ihlanzwe nsuku zonke. Kungakuhle ukuthi ubulale amagciwane kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-7. Ngemuva kwalokho, ikheji kufanele lihlanzwe kahle futhi lomiswe. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho isilwane singafakwa khona ehokweni ngaphandle kokwesaba.
Ukudla kwegundane elimhlophe
Lesi silwane sidla omnivorous. Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi angaphakela konke okutholayo. Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi igundane linobuhlakani.
Ngakho-ke, anganikezwa izinketho eziningana zokudla, lapho ezokhetha khona ngqo lokho akuthandayo nalokho akuthandayo ngokwengeziwe. Amagundane awanawo umuzwa wokulingana. Bathanda konke okumnandi futhi okumnandi ngokwengeziwe. Lokhu akufanele kuvunyelwe, kuyinto engathandeki ukudlulisa isilinganiso segundane.
Ngombuso osunguliwe nokudla, awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngempilo nenhlalakahle yesilwane sakho. Ukudla kwesilwane kufanele kubuswe okusanhlamvu. Zitholakala ekudleni okukhethekile, okusanhlamvu okungewona ibhotela, ipasta, isinkwa, nommbila obilisiwe.
Isilwane kumele nakanjani sithole imifino nezithelo, ziqukethe amavithamini amaningi nezinto eziwusizo kuwo. Amaprotheni amaningi aphikisana namagundane, ngakho-ke kuzokwanela ukuthi bathole ucezu oluncane lwenyama ebilisiwe noma ushizi kanye ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa.
Amagundane ayizidalwa ezanele, imikhiqizo yawo kufanele ihlanzeke futhi ibe ngeyokuqala okusha. Akunasimo lapho kufanele ukondle isilwane sakho ngokudla ngokushesha kusuka esiqandisini; ukudla okubanda kakhulu kungagulisa isilwane. Iziteleka zendlala ziphikisana nesilwane. Amagundane asinda ngokulambisa izinsuku ezimbili ngaphandle kokudla nokudla.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ukuzaliswa kwamagundane kulula futhi kuyashesha. Uma emakheji abo kukhona abesilisa nabesifazane, inzalo ayithathi isikhathi eside. Izinsikazi ezinezinyanga ezintathu kuya kwezine ubudala sezivele zilungele ukuvundiswa.
Kwabesilisa, iminyaka yokuzala iqala ngemuva kwesikhashana. Eqinisweni, amagundane akulungele ukuthela izithelo kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5, kepha kulesi sikhathi kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukuhlangana nazo.
Esithombeni, amantombazane amhlophe amhlophe
Ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-20-26. Kuyabonakala kusukela ngosuku lwe-8. Imvamisa kuzalwa izingane ezingama-4-10, kepha kunezimo lapho igundane lesifazane liletha amawundlu angama-20 kudoti owodwa.
Mincane kakhulu futhi ayikwazi ukuzivikela. Isisindo sengane eyodwa sisuka ku-4 kuye ku-6 g. Banqunu, abayizimpumputhe futhi abayizithulu. Kuphela ngezinsuku eziyi-12-14 lapho baqala ukunambitha ukudla okuqinile okokuqala. Futhi ngemuva kwenyanga bahlala ngokuzimela.
Ahlala isikhathi esingakanani amagundane amhlophe? Lo mbuzo unesithakazelo kwabaningi. Lezi zilwane akuzona ezesigaba sabaneminyaka eyikhulu futhi zihlala ngokwesilinganiso cishe iminyaka emithathu. Thenga igundane elimhlophe akunzima.
Lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo zokuhlobisa zithengiswa kunoma yisiphi isitolo esikhethekile. Umuntu onquma ukuthola isilwane kumele aqonde kahle ukuthi unesibopho saso. Futhi noma ngabe i-hamster, inja, upholi noma esinye isilwane - konke kuyizinto eziphilayo ezithanda impilo.
