Izimfihlakalo zesayensi. I-cuisine yaseJapan inesitsha esibizwa nge- "Dancing ingwane". Imbaza ibekwa esitsheni selayisi bese ithelwa nge-soy sauce. Isilwane esibulewe siqala ukunyakaza. Okungaqondakali? Cha. I-sauce iqukethe i-sodium.
Imicu yezinzwa ye-squid isabela kuyona ngokuthola inkontileka. Ukusebenzisana kungenzeka emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokuvunwa kwezinhlanzi ezisolwandle. Wake wabamba ipiki?
Ukusika ngemuva kwamahora angama-5 kuya kwangu-10 elele ngaphandle kwamanzi, uthola ukuthi izinhlanzi ziyaganga, nenhliziyo yayo ishaya. Kuthiwani ngezinkukhu ezigijimayo ngemuva kokususwa kwekhanda? Ngakho-ke, akumangazi emidansweni ye-squid esanda kufa. Kukhona okuningi kukho empilweni yesidalwa. Ake sikhulume ngaye.
Incazelo kanye nezici ze-squid
Ibizwa ngokuthi i-primate yolwandle. Lokhu kukhombisa isigaba esiphezulu sokuziphendukela kwemvelo okuhlala phakathi kwama-cephalopods. Ekilasini layo, iqhawe le-athikili linobuchopho obuthuthuke kakhulu futhi lifanekisa ugebhezi lwengquza.
Ukwakhiwa kwamathambo kusiza ukuvikela isitho sokucabanga. Inikeza ukusebenza kwe-squid okuyinkimbinkimbi. Isilwane sikwazi ukwenza ubuqili, ukukhohlisa namanye amaqhinga obuhlakani.
Ukuhlanganisa ubuchopho nezinye izitho nemisebenzi yesilwane nakho kuyindlela. Ngakho-ke, ku- ingulube enkulu isikhungo sokucabanga simile njengamadonathi. Umgodi osenkabeni ubekwe eceleni ngaphansi kwesiga. Ngamanye amazwi, squid - izimbazalokho kudla ngokusebenzisa ubuchopho.
Umlomo weqhawe lendatshana unamandla kangangokuba ufana nomlomo wenyoni. Ubuningi bemihlathi e-chitinous benza kube lula ukubhoboza izingebhezi zenhlanzi enkulu. Isilwane asinendaba nomugqa wokudoba ojiyile futhi, siyadla.
Uma imollusk isabanjiwe yangena emlonyeni womuntu, ukudideka kungenzeka. Sekubikwe amacala amaningana esidoda esiphundu esingadakiwe. Eziningi ezandulelayo zirekhodwe eJapan naseKorea. Ngakho-ke, ngoJanuwari 2013, isidoda se-shellfish saba yisizathu sokulaliswa kwezivakashi kwenye yezindawo zokudlela eSeoul.
I-sea squid esitsheni "sokudansa" saphila lapho beqala ukuhlafuna. Lesi silwane saphonsa izikhwama eziyi-12 ezimise okokuphotha ezinesidoda kulwelwesi lwamafinyila olimi nezihlathi zezivakashi zokudla. Into engaziwa yabangela ukuzwa okuvuthayo. Owesifazane ukhafule isitsha wabiza odokotela.
ERussia, awekho amacala anjalo abhalwe phansi. Kunezifunda lapho i-squid siyisidlo esivamile, isibonelo, i-Far East. Kodwa-ke, ngobukhulu basekhaya, ama-mollusk ahlanzwa ngezitho zangaphakathi futhi abiliswe kahle. Emazweni ase-Asia, i-squid kuyaqabukela ihlanzwe.
Ama-squid abalwa njengama-cephalopods ngenxa yesakhiwo somzimba wawo. Izitho azisuki kuye. Umlenze, osuguquke waba yizintambo eziyishumi, usuka ekhanda lesilwane, uzungeze umlomo. Amehlo embaza anokuhleleka okuhlelekile. Isakhiwo sezitho zombono siyefana nesomuntu. Ngasikhathi sinye, amehlo ayakwazi ukulandela into ngayinye ehlukile.
Umzimba weskwidi yingubo yemisipha enepuleti elincane le-chitin. Itholakala ngemuva futhi iyinsalela yegobolondo esele. Amathambo ayo awadingeki yiskwidi, ngoba athuthukise ukuqhuma kwejet.
Ngokumunca amanzi, ukuvumelanisa umzimba nokulahla imifudlana, ama-mollusks abhukuda ngokushesha kunezinhlanzi eziningi. Lapho kudalwa imikhumbi-mkhathi namarokhethi okuqala, ososayensi bakhuthazwa yisquid. Okulandelayo, imininingwane ngempilo yabo.
Indlela yokuphila ye-squid nendawo yokuhlala
Izibani nazo zingasungulwa ngokubheka i-squid. Imizimba yabo ifakwe ama-photophores. Ku-shellfish ebanjiwe, lawa amabala aluhlaza esikhunjeni. Uma i- ingquza enkulu, ama-photophores afinyelela kumamilimitha ayi-7.5 ububanzi.
Isakhiwo "samalambu" sifana nedivayisi yamalambu emoto namalambu. Umthombo wokukhanya amabhaktheriya. Zondla ngoyinki wesikwidi. Imbaza igcwalisa ama-photophores ngoketshezi olumnyama uma ifuna ukucisha amalambu. Ngendlela, emzimbeni we-mollusk eyodwa kungaba "nezibani" zemiklamo ehlukene eyi-10. Kukhona, ngokwesibonelo, "amamodeli" angashintsha inkomba yemisebe.
Amanye ama-squid aze abizwe ngamagama awo ngokukwazi kwawo ukuphuma. Isibonelo, iFirefly ihlala eTaiami Bay ngasogwini lwaseJapan. Ngokuqondile, imollusk ihlala ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-400. Izipikili eziya ogwini lwaleli koloni ngoJuni-Julayi. Lesi yisikhathi sokuvakasha lapho izivakashi zibabaza amanzi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ethekwini. Ososayensi, ngalesi sikhathi, badideka ukuthi kungani ama-squid adinga ama-photophores. Kunezinguqulo eziningana.
Okuyiqiniso kakhulu: - ukukhanya kudonsela inyamazane yama-cephalopods, okungukuthi, izinhlanzi ezincane. Umbono wesibili: - ukukhanya kwe-squid kusabisa izilwane ezidla ezinye. Ukucabanga kwesithathu mayelana nendima ye-photophores kuhlobene nokuxhumana kwama-mollusk komunye nomunye.
400-500 metres - umkhawulo ojwayelekile wokujula lapho ungahlala khona ingwane. Izindawo zokuhlala ngezansi umbono nje omkhulu. Abamele bayo bahlangatshezwa ngamamitha ayi-1000 ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-squid enkulu inyukela phezulu. Abantu ababodwa bangamamitha ayi-13 ubude futhi benesisindo esicishe sibe yingxenye yethoni babanjwa lapha.
Iningi lama-squid lihlala ekujuleni okungaba ngamamitha ayi-100, lifuna indawo enodaka noma enesihlabathi. Ama-cephalopods agijimela kuwo ebusika. Ehlobo, i-squid inyukela phezulu.
Iningi labantu lihlala eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Ocean. Lapha ukubamba ingwane kwenziwa kusuka e-Afrika kuya eNyakatho yoLwandle. Ucebile ngama-cephalopods naseMedithera.
Ama-squid nawo atholakala kwi-Adriatic. Ukulandelela abantu kunzima njengoba izilwane zihamba. Isisusa sokuhamba ukufuna ukudla. Ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi, kusetshenziswa ama-crustaceans, izibungu, amanye ama-mollusk, ngisho nezihlobo.
Babanjwa ngamatende amabili, bajova umuthi okhubazekile kwisisulu. Ama-squid adabula izingcezu ezincane zenyama kokungasebenzi, azidle kancane. Njengoba esethole amandla futhi elinde ihlobo, ama-squid aqala ukuzala. Umanyolo uholela ekubekeni amaqanda. Kubukeka njengesoseji enefilimu ngaphezulu namaqanda ngaphakathi. Ngemuva, abazali bayasuswa.
Cishe ngemuva kwenyanga, kuzalwa inzalo eyisentimitha elilodwa, ngokushesha iqala impilo yokuzimela. Kungenzeka kuphela lapho usawoti wamanzi ungama-30-38 ppm ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi. Yingakho kungekho squid oLwandle Olumnyama. Usawoti wamanzi alo aweqi ku-22 ppm.
Izinhlobo ze-squid
Ake siqale nge-Pacific squid. Nguye ojwayele ukubona emashalofini ezitolo zasekhaya. Kuliqiniso, amaRussia ajwayele ukubiza i-mollusk ngokuthi yi-Far East, ngokusho kwendawo yokubamba.
Osayizi babantu baqala kusuka kwikota bese bephela ngengxenye yemitha. Lokhu kuhambisana nama-tentacles. Ama-squid angashadile afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-80. Lezi zinhlobo zihlala ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-200. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elifunwayo lingu-0.4-28 degrees Celsius.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-squid yi-Commander. Iphinde ithengiswe eRussia, kwesinye isikhathi idlule iPacific ngokuthengisa. Izinhlobo zeCommander zincane, zikhula zize zifike kumasentimitha angama-43.
Usayizi ojwayelekile ungamasentimitha angama-25-30. Abamele lezi zinhlobo bahlukaniswa ngamandla abo okubhukuda ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha ayi-1200. Izilwane ezisencane zihlala eduze naphezulu. Nguyena, ngokuyinhloko, futhi ungena emashalofini. Ukuqothulwa kwalezi zinhlobo kwakuyisizathu sokusungulwa kwe-Commander State Reserve. Ukudoba ama-squid akuvunyelwe lapho.
Kuhlala kukhulunywa ngeYurophu ingwane. Inyama umuntu oyedwa unesisindo esifinyelela ku-1.5 kilograms. Ubude besilwane bungamasentimitha angama-50. Izinhlobo zibhukuda ziye ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-500, imvamisa zihlala kumamitha ayi-100. Abantu banezintambo ezimfushane, umzimba okhanyayo. Ezinhlotsheni zasePacific, ngokwesibonelo, mpunga, kanti ezinhlotsheni zeKomandorsky kubomvu.
Kukhona nama-squid amakhulu, ePeruvia nase-Argentina. Bangabonakala kuphela ngaphandle kweRussia. Kwathiwa ngefomu elikhulu. IPeruvia ayidli kahle. Ukulimala kwe-squid kuqukethe ukunambitheka kwe-ammonia futhi, eqinisweni, okuqukethwe kwe-ammonia uqobo enyameni. Izinhlobo zase-Argentina zibucayi ekunambithekeni, kepha zilahleka ngemuva kokubandayo. Ngezikhathi ezithile, izimbaza zase-Argentina zitholakala ekudleni okusemathinini.
Ukudla okunomsoco we-squid
Ngaphezu izinhlanzi, crayfish, izikelemu nokunye okunjalo, iqhawe lesi sihloko ubamba plankton. Omunye umkhiqizo wokudla uhlotshaniswa ne- izinzuzo ze-squid okwezemvelo. AmaCephalopods adla ulwelwe. Ama-squid abo asuswa ematsheni.
Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukubonakala kwaphansi futhi kuvimbela amanzi ekuqhakazeni. Uma ilitshe liyisidalwa esiphilayo, iqhawe lendatshana lizingela kumqamekeli, lilandelela isisulu. Ubuthi bujojowe nge-radula. Leli iqoqo lamazinyo egobolondweni elinwebekayo. Azigcini nje ngokuletha ubuthi, kepha futhi zibamba isisulu ngenkathi sizama ukubaleka.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila se-squid
Izikhwama zembewu ye-squid zishubhu ekhethekile. Bangamhlangabeza, bahlanze izidumbu. Ubude beshubhu busuka kusentimitha elingu-1 kuye kumitha eli-1, kuya ngohlobo lwe-mollusc. Abesifazane bathatha imbewu bayifaka emgodini oseduze komlomo, ngemuva kwekhanda, noma emlonyeni.
Indawo ye-fossa incike, futhi, ezinhlotsheni ingwane. Intengo ukuthatha isidoda, kwesinye isikhathi izinyanga zokuzala. Abesilisa abakhethi abangane besifazane ngokweminyaka. Imvamisa, isidoda sidluliselwa kowesifazane ongakavuthwa bese sigcinwa lapho kuze kufike isikhathi sokuzala.
Lapho izingane zivela, ubaba kungenzeka ukuthi akasaphili. Iningi lama-squid lifa lineminyaka engu-1-3. Abantu abakhulu kuphela abaphila isikhathi eside. Umkhawulo wabo yiminyaka eyi-18. Ama-squid amadala, njengomthetho, alahlekelwa ukunambitheka kwawo, aqinile ngisho nangokwelashwa okuncane kokushisa. Ngakho-ke, izilwane ezincane zizama ukubamba futhi ziphekele ukudla. Inyama yayo ibhekwa njengokudla.
Okuqukethwe kwekhalori kwe-squid kungamayunithi ayi-122 kuphela ngamagremu ayi-100 womkhiqizo. Kulawa, amaprotheni enza i-22 gram. Amafutha angaphansi kwe-3 ex, futhi i-gram eyodwa kuphela inikezwa ama-carbohydrate. Okusele ngamanzi. Emizimbeni ye-squid, njengezilwane eziningi, kuyisisekelo.
