Igama layo Indlovu yolwandle ithole ukubonga ngenqubo ebekwe ngaphezulu kwesikhala somlomo, esifana nesiqu sendlovu. Isiqu esingu-30 cm ubude sikhula emadodeni asondele eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili yokuphila, kwabesifazane inqubo ayikho ngokuphelele.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ngophawu lwendlovu impahla yethrunk ukukhuphuka ngosayizi ofinyelela kuma-60-80 cm ngesikhathi sokuvuswa kocansi. Abesilisa banyakazisa ama-proboscis abo phambi kwabaqhudelana ngethemba lokuthi bazobethusa.
Incazelo kanye nezimpawu zophawu lwendlovu
Mayelana zasolwandle izindlovu abacwaningi baqoqe ulwazi oluningi. Vuliwe isithombe indlovu uphawu ifana nophawu: umzimba wesilwane uhlanjululwe, ikhanda elincane elinesiqu okukhona kuso i-vibrissae (intshebe ezinokuzwela okuphezulu), izinhlamvu zamehlo zinokuma kwe-oval esicwecwe futhi zipendwe ngombala omnyama, izitho zithathelwa indawo ngamaphiko ahlome ngozipho abade abafinyelela ku-5 cm.
Izimpawu zezindlovu azivumelani kahle nempilo esemhlabeni, ngoba umzimba wazo okhuluphele uzivimbela ekunyakazeni: isinyathelo esisodwa sesilwane esikhulu singamasentimitha angama-35 kuphela. Ngenxa yobuvila baso, bahlala ogwini cishe sonke isikhathi futhi balale.
Okufanekisiwe uphawu lwendlovu
Ukulala kwabo kujule kakhulu kangangokuba baze bahonqe, izazi zebhayoloji ngesikhathi sokuphumula kwazo zikwazile ukukala izinga lokushisa nokushaya kwenhliziyo. Elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo ngezimpawu zezindlovu yikhono lezilwane zokulala ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Le nqubo yenzeka ngokulandelayo: imizuzu engu-5-10 ngemuva kokulala, isifuba siyakhula, ngenxa yalokho ubukhulu bomzimba bancipha kancane futhi buhamba kancane kancane.
Ngemuva kokuthi umzimba usubonakala ngaphezulu, amakhala ayavuleka futhi indlovu iphefumule cishe imizuzu emithathu, ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi iphinde ibuyele kukholamu lamanzi. Amehlo namakhala kuvaliwe ngesikhathi sokuphumula ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Uphawu lwendlovu luyakwazi ukucwilisa futhi lintante lapho ulele
Abantu abahlangana okokuqala nalesi silwane banombuzo: Indlela uphawu lwendlovu olubukeka ngayo? Izimpawu zezindlovu zesilisa zikhulu kakhulu kunezinsikazi. Uma ubude bomzimba wesilisa ngokwesilinganiso bube ngu-5-6 m, indlovu seal isisindo - ingafinyelela kumathani ayi-3, ubude bomzimba besifazane bungu-2.5 - 3 m kuphela, isisindo - 900 kg. Lolu hlobo lwezindlovu lunoboya obukhulu obukhulu obugrey.
Izimpawu zezindlovu ezihlala e-Arctic zikhudlwana kancane kunezihlobo zazo ezisenyakatho - zinesisindo esingamathani amane, ubude - 6 m, futhi uboya bazo bunombala onsundu. Emanzini, izilwane zihamba ngesivinini esisheshayo esifinyelela ku-23 km / h.
Okufanekisiwe uphawu lwendlovu olusenyakatho
Indlovu seal yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Izimpawu zezindlovu zichitha isikhathi sabo esiningi ezintweni zabo zomdabu - emanzini. Emhlabeni, akhethwe kuphela ukukhwelana nokuncibilikisa. Isikhathi sabo ebusweni bomhlaba asidluli izinyanga ezi-3.
Izindawo, lapho kuhlala khona izindlovu zendlovu kuya ngohlobo lwazo. Kukhona Uphawu lwendlovu olusenyakathoabahlala ezingwini zaseNyakatho Melika, futhi indlovu uphawu lwaseningizimu indawo yakhe yokuhlala e-Antarctica.
Izilwane ziphila impilo yodwa, zihlangana ndawonye ukuze zikhulelwe inzalo. Ngesikhathi zisemhlabathini, izindlovu zezindlovu zihlala emabhishi agcwele amatshe noma amatshe. I-rookery yezilwane ingaba nabantu abangaphezu kwe-1000. Izimpawu zezindlovu zizolile, ngisho nezilwane ezi-phlegmatic.
Ukudla kwezindlovu
Izindlovu zezindlovu zidla ama-cephalopods nezinhlanzi. Ngokweminye imininingwane, uphawu lwendlovu, olungamamitha amahlanu ubude, ludla ama-50 kg. inhlanzi.
Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwayo okukhulu, umoya omningi ubhajwe ngevolumu enkulu yegazi, okusizayo izindlovu zezimpawu ungene ngokujula ngamamitha ayi-1400 ufuna ukudla.
Ngesikhathi sokucwiliswa okujulile ngaphansi kwamanzi, ukusebenza kwazo zonke izitho ezibalulekile kunciphisa isilwane - le nqubo inciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo - izilwane ziyakwazi ukugcina umoya kuze kube ngamahora amabili.
Isikhumba sendlovu siwugqinsi futhi sigcwele izinwele ezimfushane ezinzima. Isilwane sinamadiphozithi amaningi, ashiswa ngandlela thile ngenkathi yokukhwelana, lapho engadli nhlobo.
KU-IN Izimpawu zezindlovu zase-Antarctica hamba ngesizini efudumele uyofuna inyamazane. Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, ziyakwazi ukumboza indlela engamakhilomitha angama-4800 ubude.
Ukuzaliswa kanye nempilo yophawu lwendlovu
Abesilisa bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi beneminyaka engu-3-4 ubudala. Kepha kule minyaka abalingani ngayo kuyaqabukela, ngoba abakabi namandla ngokwanele ukuvikela ilungelo lokuganana namanye amaSkithe. Abesilisa bathola amandla omzimba anele beneminyaka yobudala engaphansi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili.
Lapho kufika isikhathi sokukhwelana (futhi lesi sikhathi sisuka ku-Agasti kuya ku-Okthoba sophawu lwendlovu oluseningizimu, ngoFebhuwari impunga yendlovu empunga), izilwane zihlangana ngamaqembu amakhulu, lapho abesifazane abayi-10 kuye kwabangu-20 bewela owesilisa ngamunye.
Izimpi ezinamandla zilwelwa phakathi kwabesilisa ngelungelo lokuba nezindlovukazi enkabeni yekoloni: abesilisa baxukuza umboko wabo omfushane, baduma kakhulu futhi baphuthume esitheni ukuze babangele amanxeba amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngosizo lwezinyosi ezibukhali.
Naphezu komzimba wabo omkhulu, lapho kuliwa, abesilisa cishe bangayiphakamisa ngokuphelele imizimba yabo, basale ngaphezu komhlaba emsileni owodwa kuphela. Abesilisa abancane ababuthakathaka badonswa onqenqemeni lwekoloni, lapho izimo zabesifazane abakhweshayo zimbi kakhulu.
Ngemuva kokutholwa komnikazi wezintokazi, vele abesifazane abakhulelwe bazala amawundlu akhulelwa ngonyaka owedlule. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi konyaka (izinyanga eziyi-11). Ubude bomzimba wewundlu elisanda kuzalwa ngu-1.2 m, isisindo singama-50 kg.
Umzimba wewundlu umbozwe ngoboya obuthambile obunsundu, obukhipha inyanga ngemuva kokuzalwa. Uboya obunsundu buthathelwa indawo ngoboya obukhulu obumpunga obukhulu. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwenzalo, insikazi iyamondla futhi imncelise ubisi inyanga yonke, bese ibuye ihlangane nendoda.
Ekupheleni kwenyanga, intsha ihlala ogwini amasonto ambalwa, ngenkathi ingadli lutho, ivumela amafutha aqongelelwe ngaphambili. Inzalo ithunyelwa emanzini ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili izelwe.
Imikhomo ebulalayo kanye noshaka abamhlophe yizitha ezimbi kakhulu zezimpawu ezincane zezindlovu. Kusukela ukukhwelana izindlovu zezimpawu inqubo ishubile impela (ukulwa, "ukuncenga" insikazi), iningi lamazinyane liyafa ngoba limane lichotshoziwe.
Isikhathi sokuphila sabesilisa sicishe sibe yiminyaka eyi-14, kwabesifazane - iminyaka eyi-18. Lo mehluko uvela ekutheni abesilisa bathola ukulimala okukhulu ngesikhathi somncintiswano, okwenza impilo yabo ibe nzima kakhulu. Imvamisa ukulimala kuba kubi kangangokuba izilwane azikwazi ukwelulama kuzo bese ziyafa.
