Izici zeGoral nendawo yokuhlala
Isilwane esinegama eliziqhenyayo "gali", Ifana kakhulu nembuzi ejwayelekile kakhulu wonke umuntu ayibonile nayaziyo. Kodwa-ke, uma ubheka kahle, umehluko uyabonakala.
Kunalokho, kuyinhlobo eyisiphambano esiphakathi kwenyamazane nembuzi. Ukucabangela goral esithombeni, lapho-ke uyabona ukuthi izimpondo nomsila wakhe kwehlukile.
Umzimba wale artiodactyl ufinyelela ku-118 cm, futhi ukhula ngobude obufinyelela kuma-75 cm lapho ubuna. Ingaba nesisindo kusuka kuma-32 kuye kuma-42 kg. Amagorali anezinwele ezinsundu, ezimpunga noma ezinojinja. Ngaphansi komphimbo wamadoda abukekayo kukhona "uvemvane" olwenziwe ngoboya obumhlophe, isisekelo somsila naso sikhanya ngombala.
Umsila ngokwawo ukhula ufike ku-18 cm futhi uhlotshiswe ngezinwele ezinde, njengezinwele. Bobabili abesilisa nabesilisa baziqhayisa ngezimpondo ezimnyama ezimthende. Izimpondo zingu-13 kuye ku-18 cm ubude.
Lezi zilwane akunakubizwa ngokuthi zincane, noma kunjalo, imizimba yazo eminyene ayivimbeli ekuhambeni ngobunyoninco futhi ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zikhuphukela kalula ezindaweni lapho umuntu engathola khona kuphela ngokukhasa.
Noma yimuphi umqansa ungaphansi kwe-goral, kwesinye isikhathi izindlela zalezi zilwane zidlula emadwaleni anjalo futhi abushelelezi, lapho, kungabonakala, akukho ndawo lapho ungabeka khona izinyawo, kepha lo "mgibeli" usebenzisa imbobo encane, ukuqhekeka okuncane ukuze afike phezulu.
Emadwaleni, izilwane zihamba ziqonde odongeni lwamatshe, olukhuphuka lucishe lubheke phezulu. Kulokhu, izinhlangothi ze-goral zivame ukusulwa.
Kepha eqhweni elijulile le dodger ngisho nasendaweni ebanzi iyazizwa ingavikelekile. Lapha ubuthakathaka, futhi usengozini kakhulu - noma iyiphi inja ingamthola kalula. UGoral uhlala eRussia, bahlala eBurma, eNhlonhlweni YaseKorea, eChina.
Ubuye futhi anethezekile ezindaweni ezakhelene nomlomo we-Amur, e-Bureinsky Ridge. Wazi kahle ngokushesha futhi wazinza endaweni yesikhoselo saseSikhote-Alin.
Izinhlobo zeGoral
I-goral yezilwane inezinhlobo ezi-4 kuphela:
- thembi_mdlalose
- IsiTibetan
- EMpumalanga
- amur
I-Himalayan goral... I-Himalaya goral iyinhlobo enkulu impela, ukuphakama kwayo lapho kubuna kufinyelela kwabanye abantu ngamasentimitha angama-70. Abesilisa baze babe nokhalo ngemuva ngemuva kwabo.
IHimalaya yona, inezinhlobo ezimbili ezingaphansi - esinsundu nesimpunga. I-goral grey inejazi elibomvu-mpunga, kanti onsundu unemibala ngamathoni ansundu athe xaxa.
I-Himalayan goral
I-Tibetan goral... Uhlobo olungajwayelekile kakhulu, olusengozini yokuqothulwa. Le goral ayinkulu kangako, ukuphakama kowesifazane kufinyelela kuma-60 cm kuphela, futhi isisindo asikho ngaphezu kwama-30 kg. Mangisho ukuthi kulezi zinhlobo, abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa. Abesilisa abanaso isidumbu, kodwa izimpondo zabo zigobile kakhulu.
Lezi zilwane zinengubo enemibala - zimbozwe izinwele ezinsundu ngokubomvu, ingemuva limnyama ngombala, kepha isisu, isifuba nomphimbo kukhanya. Abantu abasha, ngaphezu kwalokho, nabo bahlotshiswe ngendawo emhlophe ebunzini. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lobu "buhle" buyanyamalala.
I-Tibetan goral
I-goral yaseMpumalanga... Iningi lazo zonke izinhlobo zifana nembuzi. Uqinile impela, ijazi lakhe lempunga, futhi kunomugqa omnyama emgogodleni wakhe. Emphinjeni, ijazi liyakhanya. Le nhlobo iyathakazelisa ngezimpondo zayo - zimfishane futhi zigobile emuva.
Esithombeni goral empumalanga
Amur goral okusohlwini lweRed Book. Ukuphakama kokubuna kufinyelela kuma-80 cm, kanti isisindo sicishe sifike kuma-50 kg. Inejazi elimpunga nsundu noma mpunga onsundu. Ipendwe ngokucocekile - kunendawo emhlophe esifubeni, izindebe nazo "zifingqiwe" ezimhlophe, ezansi komsila kukhona umbala omhlophe futhi kukhona "amasokisi" amhlophe.
Esithombeni i-Amur goral
Ubuntu bukaGoral nendlela yakhe yokuphila
Indlela yokuphila yezilwane zezinhlobo ezahlukene yehlukile. Amakhorali aseHimalaya ahlangana emihlambini, angafaka abantu abangafika kwabayi-12. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilwane ngasinye esivela emhlambini sihlobene. Kuliqiniso, lapho owesilisa efinyelela ebusheni, uncamela ukuba yedwa.
Akaluthandi ngempela usuku olukhanyayo, libalele, umsebenzi wakhe wenziwa ekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa. Kodwa-ke, uma usuku luguqubele noma kunenkungu, i-goral nayo ayihlali ingenzi lutho.
Kodwa ngesikhathi libalele ayinyakazi neze. Ukhetha indawo ethokomele yokuphumula, amanga futhi cishe ahlangane nezimila ezizungezile. Kunzima kakhulu ukukuqaphela. Amagorila aseTibes akhetha ukuba yedwa. Bangabuye bahlangane ngamaqembu, kodwa inani labo lincane kakhulu.
Lezi zilwane zingabahambi. Abakwazi ukuba sendaweni efanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Baguqula indawo yabo njalo ngesizini. Ehlobo, lezi zilwane zilingeka ngezimfunda eziluhlaza, ezitholakala ezindaweni ezingaphezulu, futhi lapho kuqala ubusika, ziyehla, ngaphansi komugqa weqhwa.
Ama-gorals aseMpumalanga angabagibeli bangempela. Engozini encane, zivuka kalula futhi zikhuphuke amatshe anjalo, lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukuthi ezinye izilwane zifinyelele khona. Bahlala ngamaqembu amancane (amakhanda ayi-4-6), abantu abadala bayashiya futhi bahlala ngokwehlukana.
Ehlobo, abesifazane nezingane bahlala ngokwehlukana. I-Amur goral futhi, kaningi kunalokho, ihlala yodwa, yize kukhona namaqembu amancane. Uma kwenzeka ingozi esondelayo, ingena emadwaleni, lapho izwa ivikelekile.
Bakhetha impilo yokuhlala phansi. Lezi zilwane azikwazi ukuzivikela ngamazinyo azo, futhi izimpondo zazo azizinde. Bayazivikela ezitheni ngokuhayiza kakhulu, kepha uma lokhu kungasizi, bathathwa bayiswa emadwaleni ngokuqhuma okukhulu.
Futhi azivumelaniswanga ukuba zigijime isikhathi eside - azinayo imilenze emide, futhi umzimba wazo awukhanyi. Kepha zingagxuma zifike kumamitha ama-3. AmaGorals asengozini enkulu eqhweni, ngakho-ke agwema iqhwa elixegayo, uma ungqimba lwalo lungaphezu kwama-25 cm.
Abakhombisi ulaka phakathi kwabantu besizwe sakubo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lezi zilwane zihlala zixwayisana ngengozi (zikhipha), abesilisa bathola ukudla futhi babize amanye amalungu eqembu ukuthi bazodla isidlo sasemini.
Imvamisa iqembu elilodwa lamagorila lihlangana nelinye iqembu, kepha akukho ukucaciselwa ngobudlelwano obenzekayo. Kuyiqiniso, ngesikhathi sobudlova, abesilisa bahlela izimpi, kepha lokhu kungumkhuba kunesifiso sokuqothula ophikisana naye.
Ukudla
Ehlobo, ukudla kwalezi zilwane kunothile futhi kuhlukahlukene. Noma yikuphi utshani kuyadliwa. Utshani, izitshalo eziqhakazayo, amaqabunga ezihlahlana, izihlahla, izithelo zezihlahla ongazifinyelela kuphela - konke lokhu kufakiwe ekudleni.
Ebusika, itafula linesizotha kakhulu, noma kunjalo, futhi ngalesi sikhathi asikho isidingo sokubulawa indlala. Amagatsha amancanyana ezihlahla, izihlahlana, amahlumela ezihlahla ezinqabayo - lezi kufanele zondliwe ngesikhathi esibandayo. AmaGorali awazithandi kakhulu izinaliti, kepha ayasetshenziswa futhi lapho kungekho okunye ukukhetha. Ubulembu namakhowe nakho kufanelekile.
Lezi zilwane zihlala ezindaweni lapho izimila ziphana khona, ehlobo nasesithwathwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ebusika, izilwane zikhetha ukuhlala eduze kwamatshe, kuneqhwa elincane, umoya ushaya iqhwa, futhi uhlaza luhlala ngaphezulu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Umkhuba wenzeka ngoSepthemba - Novemba. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-gorals ahlala ngababili. Izingane zizalwa ngoMeyi-Juni. Umama oyedwa ubeletha ingane eyodwa kuphela, kuyaqabukela kube yimbili.
Owesifazane ulungiselela ukubeletha kahle. Ukhetha indawo eseduze kwedlelo elihle, eduzane nomgodi wokunisela, futhi engafinyeleleki kwezinye izilwane - emigedeni noma emifantwini yamatshe.
Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwezingane, umama akashiyi indawo yokukhosela usuku lonke, kepha ngosuku lwesibili izingane zingakwazi ukulandela umama ngokudlala, kanti owesifazane onezingane ushiya indawo yakhe yokuhlala.
Izimbuzi ezincane ngobuhlakani zeqa phezu kwamatshe ngemuva kukanina, zilingisa ukunyakaza kwakhe, zazi umhlaba obazungezile futhi zizame ukuthola ukudla. Kodwa-ke, sonke lesi sikhathi owesifazane wondla izingane ngobisi, futhi lokhu kudla kuzoqhubeka kuze kube sekwindla.
Noma ikhula ingane, isazama ukuncela kunina - iguqa phansi futhi ikhase ngaphansi kwesisu, kepha umama akemi emcimbini nentsha, uvele ayekele eceleni.
Amagorila amancane ahlala eduze konina kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Futhi bathola ukuthomba beneminyaka emibili kuphela ubudala. Impilo yamaGoral endle imfushane kakhulu. Abesilisa baphila kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5-6. Abesifazane baphila isikhathi eside - kuze kufike eminyakeni engu-8-10. Kepha ezimweni ezenziwe ngokungeyikho, impilo yalezi zilwane inyuka iye eminyakeni eyi-18.
I-Goral cub esithombeni
UGoral Guard
Lezi zilwane ezingenakuzisiza futhi ezikhohliseka kalula zinezitha eziningi, futhi ukuzivikela kwazo kubuthakathaka kakhulu. Ngokwemvelo, babhekwa njengezisulu ezilula zamaphakethe ezimpisi, okhozi, izingwe, ama-lynx.
Kepha okubi kakhulu ngumuntu. Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi indawo yokuhlala yama-gorals ihlala incipha ngenxa yokwakhiwa njalo nokuthuthukiswa komhlaba, kepha umuntu usazingela lesi silwane.
AmaShayina nabaseTibetan babheka i-decoction eyenziwe ngesidumbu sonke njengeyelaphayo, i-Udege isebenzisa igazi nezimpondo, kanti abanye abantu bavele bazibulala lezi zimbuzi ngenxa yenyama emnandi noboya obufudumele.
Ngenxa yalokho, zonke izinhlobo ze-goral zibhalwe ku-Red Book, inombolo yazo iyaziwa futhi iyavikelwa. Izinqolobane ziyakhiwa, lapho kutholakala khona ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zezilwane. Umsebenzi uyaqhubeka endaweni ebiyelwe (iLazovsky Reserve).
