Ngabe i-mixina isibungu esikhulu noma inhlanzi ende?
Akuzona zonke izidalwa emhlabeni ezibizwa ngokuthi "zinengeka kakhulu." Okungenamqolo i-mixina iphethe ezinye iziteketiso ezingathandeki: "slug eel", "sea worm" kanye "nenhlanzi yabathakathi". Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi kungani isakhamuzi esingaphansi kwamanzi sikuthole kanjalo.
Bukela i ukuhlanganiswa kwesithombe, ngakho-ke awukwazi ukusho ukuthi ngubani ngokushesha: isibungu esikhulu, umnenke omude ngaphandle kwegobolondo, noma uhlobo lwenhlanzi. Lesi silwane sasolwandle sibukeka singajwayelekile kakhulu.
Nokho, ososayensi sebenqumile kakade. Bathi i-mixina yayixhumanisa isixhumanisi esiphakathi kwezikelemu nenhlanzi. Lesi sidalwa esingajwayelekile sibhekwa njenge-vertebrate, yize singenama-vertebrae. Kukhona uhlaka lwamakhanda kuphela. Ikilasi iMixina okulula ukusichaza, isidalwa saziwa njenge-cyclostomes.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo imixin
Isilwane sinokungajwayelekile isakhiwo sangaphandle. Ama-MixinsNjengomthetho, ubude bomzimba obungamasentimitha angama-45-70. Ezimweni ezingavamile, zikhula isikhathi eside. Kuze kube manje, kurekhodwe ubude obungamasentimitha ayi-127.
Ikhala ngaphandle kwekhandlela lihlobisa ikhanda. Izimpondo zikhula zizungeze umlomo naleli khala. Ngokuvamile kune-6-8 yazo. Lezi zimpondo ziyilungu elithintekayo lesilwane, ngokungafani namehlo, agcwele isikhumba kuma-myxins. Amaphiko abantu abahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi awathuthukiswa.
Umlomo we-myxine, ngokungafani nezilwane eziningi ezaziwayo, uvula ngokuvundlile. Emlonyeni ungabona imigqa emi-2 yamazinyo nezinyo elilodwa elingabhanjwanga esifundeni selwanga.
Isikhathi eside, ososayensi babengakwazi ukuqonda uphefumula kanjani u-mixina... Ngenxa yalokho, kwavela ukuthi ngekhala elilodwa. Izitho zabo zokuphefumula yizigulisi, eziqukethe amapuleti amaningi we-cartilaginous.
Esithombeni "umthakathi wezinhlanzi"
Umbala "wesilo sasolwandle" uncike kakhulu endaweni yokuhlala, imvelo kakhulu ungathola le mibala elandelayo:
- umbala obomvana;
- okubomvu okumpunga;
- nsundu;
- I-Violet;
- okuluhlaza okotshani.
Isici esiyingqayizivele ukuba khona kwemigodi ekhipha amafinyila. Zitholakala ikakhulu onqenqemeni olungezansi lomzimba we "fish fish". Lesi isitho esibaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke ama-mixin, kuyasiza ukuzingela ezinye izilwane hhayi ukuba yizisulu zezilwane ezidla ezinye.
Ngaphakathi isakhiwo se-myxinefuthi kuvusa inzalo. Ohlala ngaphansi kwamanzi uqhosha ubuchopho obubili nezinhliziyo ezine. Izitho ezingeziwe ze-3 zitholakala ekhanda, emsileni nasesibindi se "monster yolwandle". Ngaphezu kwalokho, igazi lidlula kuzo zonke izinhliziyo ezine. Uma enye yazo yehluleka, isilwane singaqhubeka siphile.
Esithombeni, isakhiwo se-mixin
Ngokusho kososayensi, eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu edlule, i-myxine cishe ayikashintshi. Kungukubonakala kwayo kwezinsalela zamandulo okwethusa abantu, yize izakhamuzi ezinjalo zazingajwayelekile phambilini.
Ungayitholaphi i-mixina? Kuvela, hhayi kude nogu:
- I-America esenyakatho;
- IYurophu;
- IGreenland;
- EMpumalanga Greenland.
Umdobi waseRussia angahlangana naye oLwandle iBarents. Umxube we-Atlantic uhlala ezansi koLwandle lwaseNyakatho nasengxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-Atlantic. Izakhamizi ezingaphansi kwamanzi zikhetha ukujula kwamamitha ayi-100-500, kepha kwesinye isikhathi zingatholakala ekujuleni okungaphezu kwekhilomitha.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila ye-myxina
Ngesikhathi sasemini, izinhlanganisela zikhetha ukulala. Bangcwaba ingxenye engezansi yomzimba kusilika, kusale ingxenye yekhanda phezulu kuphela. Ebusuku, izibungu zasolwandle ziyahamba zizingela.
Ukukhuluma iqiniso, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunzima ukuyibiza ngokuthi ukuzingela okugcwele. "Izinhlanzi zabathakathi" cishe njalo zihlasela kuphela izinhlanzi ezigulayo nezingasebenzi. Ukwenza isibonelo, lezo ezibanjwa ngentambo yokudoba noma kumanetha okudoba.
Uma isisulu sisakwazi ukumelana, "isilo sasolwandle" simenza angakwazi ukusebenza. Ukukhuphuka ngaphansi kwezigilo i-myxina ikhipha amafinyila... Ama-gill ayayeka ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile, futhi isisulu sibulawa ukuminyana.
Kulokhu, isilwane sikhipha amafinyila amaningi. Umuntu oyedwa angagcwalisa lonke ibhakede ngemizuzwana embalwa. By the way, impela ngoba izilwane zikhipha amafinyila amaningi, azinantshisekelo enkulu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. "I-Slug eel" ene-dexterity igxuma iphume emlonyeni wezilwane zasolwandle.
Ama-Mixins angakhipha ibhakede eligcwele eligcwele lamafinyila ngomzuzu.
Ama-mixin ngokwawo awathandi ngempela ukuba semafinyileni, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokuhlaselwa, azama ukukuqeda ngokushesha futhi azigoqe abe ifindo. Lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kungani ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kungazange kuklomelise abakhileyo ngaphansi kwamanzi ngezikali.
Ososayensi basanda kuphetha ngalokho ingxube ye-slime ingasetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwemithi. Iqiniso ngukuthi inokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile okusiza ukunqanda ukopha. Mhlawumbe ngokuzayo, kungenzeka ukwenza umuthi ku-mucus.
Imixin Nutrition
Ngoba imixina fish iningi lempilo yakhe liphansi, bese ebheka isidlo sasemini lapho. Esikhathini esiningi, isakhamuzi esingaphansi kwamanzi sigubha odakeni sifuna izimpethu nezinsalela eziphilayo ezivela kwezinye izilwane zasolwandle. Ezinhlanzi ezifile, i-cyclostome ingena ngemigodi noma ngomlomo. Lapho ikhukhula izinsalela zenyama emathanjeni.
Umlomo we-Myxine uvundlile emzimbeni
Noma kunjalo, ama-mixins feed nezinhlanzi ezigulayo nezinempilo. Abadobi abanolwazi bayazi ukuthi uma "ama-slug eels" esevele akhethe indawo, khona-ke ukubamba ngeke kube khona.
Kulula ukuphindisela ezintongweni zakho ngokushesha bese uthola indawo entsha. Okokuqala, ngoba, lapho kuzingelwa khona umhlambi wamaxube ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu, akukho lutho olungabanjwa. Okwesibili, inhlanzi yomthakathi ingamluma kalula umuntu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlanganisela ngokwazo zidliwe impela. Banambitheka njengezinhlanzi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu onesibindi sokuzama isibungu sasolwandle ngenxa yokubukeka kwaso. Kuliqiniso, amaJapan, amaTaiwan kanye namaKorea awanamahloni ngalokhu. Ama-lampreys nama-mixins banezibiliboco. Abantu abathosiwe babhekwa njengabanambitheka ikakhulukazi.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo kwe-myxina
Zala kabusha ngendlela ekhethekile izinhlanganisela zasolwandle... Ukuze abesifazane abayikhulu bathole inzalo, kwanele owesilisa oyedwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo eziningi zingama-hermaphrodites. Zikhetha ezabo ubulili uma zimbalwa kakhulu ezeduna emhlambini.
Ukuzala kwenzeka ngokuqhubekayo kusuka ogwini ekujuleni okukhulu. Insikazi izalela amaqanda amakhulu ayi-1 kuye kwangama-30 (ngalinye libe ngamasentimitha ama-2) okusaqanda. Lapho-ke owesilisa uyabafaka.
Ngokungafani nezakhamizi eziningi ezingaphansi kwamanzi, ngemuva kokuzala ingxube ye-worm ayifi, yize phakathi nayo ingadli lutho. "I-Slug eel" ishiya inzalo amahlandla amaningi empilweni yayo.
Abanye ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi izibungu ze-myxin azinaso isigaba sesibungu, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi asihlali nje isikhathi eside. Kunoma ikuphi, amawundlu achanyuselwe ngokushesha afana nabazali bawo.
Futhi, akunakwenzeka ukunquma ngokuqinisekile isikhathi sokuphila "sezinhlanzi ezithakathayo". Ngokusho kweminye imininingwane, kungacatshangwa ukuthi "isidalwa esinyanyeka kunazo zonke" emvelweni siphila iminyaka eyi-10-15.
Ama-mixins ngokwawo aqine kakhulu. Bangakwazi ukungabi nokudla namanzi isikhathi eside, futhi basinda nokulimala kanzima. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezikelemu zasolwandle nakho kwenziwa ukuthi azinayo inzuzo kwezentengiselwano.
Ngabe kwamanye amazwe asempumalanga abanjwa njengesibiliboco, kanti abaseMelika bafunde ukwenza "isikhumba se-eel" ezilwaneni.
