Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi zihlala ezindaweni zasemanzini emhlabeni wonke. Zonke zihlukile ngosayizi, umbala, uhlamvu. Wonke umuntu unezici zakhe nezinto azithandayo. Kunezinto ezilula kakhulu izingane ezingazinakekela, kepha kukhona, kunalokho, izinhlobo ezingavamile ezikhula kuphela zasemanzini ezingakhula. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngenye yezinhlanzi ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezithandwayo - i-cichlazome severum.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala kwezinhlanzi iSeverum
Leli qembu lama-cichlids, elidabuka eNingizimu Melika, lifana kakhulu ngokubukeka ne-discus. Ngezinye izikhathi babizwa kanjalo - i-discus yamanga. Unekhanda elikhulu elinamehlo amakhulu, izindebe zizacile kunamanye ama-cichlids. Ikhula ize ifike ku-20 cm ku-aquarium.
Ngaphandle Severum esithombeni ifana nse ne-discus, enomzimba wayo oyisicaba omise okwe-disc nombala ogqamile, kepha inokuzola. Owesilisa kowesifazane angahlukaniswa ngamaphiko amancanyana omgogodla nawolwelwesi, kanye nokuqina kombala. Owesilisa unebunzi elihlanganayo futhi izembozo ze-gill zinephethini efana nemaski.
Esithombeni i-notatus yezinhlanzi
Insikazi inebala elimnyama ekugcineni kwesinxele. Umehluko awusobala kakhulu, ngobudala, imingcele iyasulwa, imvamisa ngisho nabachwepheshe bangenza iphutha ngokunquma ubulili besifo. Kubukeka sengathi kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nezinhlanzi ngokwazo azikwazi ukuthola ukuthi ukuphi, ngoba kwenzeka ukuthi umbhangqwana wezinsikazi wakha “umndeni” bese uzala amaqanda, lawo, ngokwemvelo, ahlala engenamvundiso.
Igama elithi "heros severus" ngesiLatini lisho iqhawe lasenyakatho. Kucatshangwa ukuthi, yize kungezakhamizi eziseningizimu, lolu hlobo lwabanjwa luthi ukuqhela ngasenyakatho, yingakho igama lahamba. Le nhlanzi yatholwa emuva ngo-1817, kodwa yathola incazelo yayo kuphela ngo-1840. Yatholwa okokuqala e-Amazon, Negro, Colombia nakwezinye izitsha zamanzi angenasawoti eBrazil naseGuiana.
Esithombeni se-albino
Uhlobo lwangempela, lwasendle lwe-severum lwaluyinhlanzi enkulu ngokwanele, empunga nohlaza okotshani enamabala abomvu. Kepha manje, ukwehlukaniswa kweqiniso akuvamile kakhulu kuma-aquariums, kunalokho uzobona izinhlobo zawo eziningi.
Isici esithandekayo sokuhlukaniswa ukuthi bayayibona inkosi yabo futhi bayiphathe ngozwela. Umuntu ongaziwa, onesibindi sokufaka isandla sakhe emanzini, angacindezelwa noma alunywe.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwezinhlanzi iSeverum
Njengawo wonke ama-cichlids, we izinhlanzi ze-severum i-aquarium enkulu impela iyadingeka - kusuka kumalitha ayi-150 umbhangqwana ngamunye. Vele, bazokwazi ukuhlala emanzini amancane, kepha lokhu kuzothinta impilo kanye nenhlalakahle.
AmaCichlids adinga insimu yawo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kwamabili. Uma umhlambi uhlala e-aquarium enkulu, khona-ke udinga ukuyikhawula kahle ukuze umbhangqwana ngamunye wabazali wesikhathi esizayo uthole ikona lawo elithulile. Uma singekho isikhala esanele, izinhlanzi zizolwa zodwa, ngoba, yize zinokuthula, ulaka lwazo lwe-intraspecific luphakeme impela.
ISeverum ayikhethi kangako mayelana neminye imingcele, izinga lokushisa lamanzi kungenzeka lingabi phezulu kakhulu - 24-26C⁰ futhi liphansi kakhulu. Noma ikuphi ukuqina kwamanzi kungenzeka, ngakho-ke indlela elula ukusebenzisa amanzi ompompi ngaphandle kokuwathambisa nganoma iyiphi indlela, ngoba udinga amanzi amaningi (shintsha i-1/5 masonto onke), futhi kuzoba yinkinga impela ukwenza ucwaningo lwamakhemikhali ngokwakhiwa kwalo noma ukuhambisa amanzi usuka kwenye indawo.
Kepha, zikhululekile kakhulu kulezi zinhlanzi ekuqineni kwamanzi 4-10⁰ dh. Ngokuqondene ne-asidi, izidingo zayo yilezi: 6-6.5 pH. Akudingekile ukukhanyisa i-aquarium ngokweqile, izinhlanzi zizobe zikhululekile ekukhanyeni okusakazekile. Uma kukhona okungahle kwenzeke nesihlungi esifanelekile, lapho-ke kungaba kuhle ukulingisa ukugeleza kwe-aquarium.
Esithombeni, i-red-dot severum
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ama-severums adinga ama-nooks nama-crannies angakhiwa kusetshenziswa izinkuni ezahlukahlukene ze-driftwood, ulwelwe olunamaqabunga aqinile nohlelo lwempande oluqinile, imihlobiso ehlukahlukene namatshe. Ulwelwe oluncane nolubuthakathaka ngeke lusebenze, ngoba i-severum cichlazoma ithanda ukuyikhipha emhlabathini, iyidabule.
Kunconywa ukubeka ama-chips e-granite, isihlabathi somfula noma amatshe amancane phansi. Njengama-cichlids amaningi, i-severum iyathanda ukweqa ukuphuma emanzini, ngakho-ke i-aquarium kufanele ifakwe isembozo.
Isici esithandekayo salezi zinhlanzi ukuthi ukukhula nokuma komzimba kuzoncika ekubunjweni nosayizi we-aquarium. Nini okuqukethwe emanzini amancane, amade futhi amade isisu iyoba bushelelezi, ibe yinde. Futhi echibini elibanzi, kunalokho, lizokhula likhule.
Ngokuqondene nokudla okunempilo, izinhlanzi zasemanzini ze-severum ukondla akunzima - badla noma yikuphi ukudla kwezinhlanzi. Njengesisekelo, ungathatha izingxube ezikhethekile zokufakelwa, okungcono uqukethe i-spirulina noma omunye umthombo we-fiber. Njengokuhlukahluka kwemenyu, kufanelekile imisundu yomhlaba efriziwe noma ephilayo, imfanzi, izingcezu zezinhlanzi, izinambuzane zegazi, i-gammarus.
Kepha, ngokubheka ukondleka kwemvelo kwe-severum, ikakhulukazi ukudla kwezitshalo, ku-aquarium kufanele kunikezwe nakho. Zucchini, ukhukhamba, ulethisi (pre-scalded) uzokwenza. Ukudla kufanele kube nokulinganisela futhi kuhluke.
Ukubukwa kweSeverum
Izinhlobo zokuhlukaniswa kuningi kakhulu, ake sazi okuthandwa kakhulu. Enye yezinhlanzi ezikhanya kakhulu nenhle kakhulu ingabizwa okubomvu kwamachashazi abomvu, kubizwa nangokuthi "iparele elibomvu».
I-Severum fish blue emerald
Ubhekwa njenge-albino, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi inhlanzi ayinambala - kunalokho, amabala amancane abomvu asakazeke endaweni emhlophe noma ephuzi. Kwesinye isikhathi ziningi kakhulu futhi zinemibala egqamile okungathi izinhlanzi zibomvu ngokugqamile. Lezi zinhlobo zikhetha kakhulu ngokushisa kwamanzi (24-27C⁰). Kunokuthula impela.
Ihlombe Elibomvu Severum ibukeka ingeyangempela, ihlanganisa ngombala wayo ingemuva eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imivimbo emnyama nendawo ebomvu noma esawolintshi ngemuva kwezigilo. Lesi yisiga esikhulu, sikhula size sifike kumasentimitha angama-25. I-aquarium ebanzi (kusuka kumalitha angama-250), izihlungi ezinhle ziyadingeka.
Ukuzalela ekuthunjweni kunzima impela. ISeverum blue emerald - omunye othandekayo kakhulu futhi ethandwa. Lokhu akumangazi, ngoba le nhlanzi yinhle kakhulu iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, enemigqa emnyama emile.
Lezi zinhlanzi zithanda ukuhlanzeka, ngakho-ke ukuhlunga okuhle kubalulekile. Ukudla kukhethwa ezingxenyeni ezinkulu, hhayi ngaphezu kwesisodwa ngosuku. Ukuvimbela izifo zomgudu wamathumbu nokukhuluphala, kanye ngesonto hlela usuku lokuzila izinhlanzi.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila sezinhlanzi ezihlukanisiwe
Ekuqaleni, ukuze kwakheke umbhangqwana, kungcono ukutshala izinhlanzi emihlanjini yemisila engu-6-8, bese bezimela ngokuzimela futhi isikhathi eside bezokhetha umlingani. Njengamanye ama-cichlids, ama-severums azoqala ukulungiselela ukuzala ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle. Ezimweni zokulungiswa kokufakelwa, lokho kuzoba ukuguquka kwamanzi kaningi, ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa nokuthamba.
Izinhlanzi zingazala ku-aquarium efanayo lapho zihlala nomakhelwane, kepha udinga ukuthi uzilungiselele ukuthi abazali besikhathi esizayo babe nolaka. Insikazi izalela cishe amaqanda ayi-1000 endaweni ebushelelezi, owesilisa ufaka i-clutch futhi ndawonye bayayinakekela.
Lapho izibungu zichanyuselwa, abazali bazozinakekela, bazondle ngemfihlo yesikhumba sabo, abazifihla ngqo ngale njongo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukondla izingane nge-daphnia, rotifer.
Lokhu kuthatha cishe inyanga eyodwa nohhafu, khona-ke gazinga baba ngamalungu omphakathi agcwele futhi azimele, angaphezulu kancane kwesentimitha ngosayizi. Lapho unezinyanga ezintathu, inhlanzi isivele ingadla cishe ukudla kwabantu abadala, ngaphandle kwezingxenyana ezincane. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izinhlanzi zizophila cishe iminyaka eyi-15.
Ukuhambisana kweSeverum nezinye izinhlanzi
Ama-Severum ahlala ku-aquarium efanayo nezinhlanzi zeveli (igolide, i-neon, i-tetras) azozibona njengezengeza kwimenyu enkulu. Indawo yokuhlala nezinhlanzi ezihamba kancane nezincane nayo izoba yingozi.
Kungenzeka ukubeka i-catfish ephethe izikhali ne-sack-gill, i-barbus enkulu, i-astronotus, i-plekostomus, i-mesonout, imicu emnyama nemicicloid emnene ku-aquarium eyodwa enama-cichlids. Inketho engcono kakhulu ukugcina umhlambi omncane wama-severums ethangeni elihlukile. Thenga iSeverum kungaba ngentengo kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-400 kuye kwezingu-3500, kuya ngeminyaka nokuhlukahluka.
