Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Cishe wonke umuntu uyazi isibungu esivamile. Kepha bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi emhlabeni kunezilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini ezifana nezikelemu, ososayensi baze bazinika igama elifanayo - izibungu (zibizwa nangokuthi i-cecilia).
Uma sicabangela isibungu futhi isibungu esithombeni, lapho-ke akukho mehluko. Ukubukeka kwazo zombili lezi zidalwa kuyefana kakhulu, umzimba uhlukaniswe ngezigaba. Kodwa-ke, kunokwehluka okuphawulekayo. Usayizi we-cecilia mkhulu kakhulu kunosayizi wesibungu, izibungu zifinyelela ku-45 cm ubude.
Futhi uma uhlangana Isibungu sikaThompson, enobude bomzimba obungamamitha ayi-1.2, lapho-ke akekho ozoyidida nesibungu. Ngendlela, isibungu sikaThompson noma isibungu esikhulu, ithathwa njengesilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke esingenamanzi emhlabeni.
Esithombeni, isibungu thompson
Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezibungu nezibungu umlomo omkhulu namazinyo abukhali, abukhali. Izikelemu zinemigqa emibili yamazinyo emihlathini engezansi. Ngokuvamile, imvelo isebenze kahle kule ndalo - uCecilia unamathambo, afaka phakathi i-thoracic vertebrae, i-lumbar vertebrae, izimbambo, ugebhezi, kepha i-sacrum ayikho. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba salo mmeleli wezilwane, kunezikali ezincane eziyindilinga.
Futhi isikhumba uqobo simbozwe yizindlala ezikhipha amafinyila. Amehlo acishe ancipha. Isibungu sinxephezela ubuthakathaka babo ngomuzwa ojulile wokuhogela nokuthinta. Isibungu singabizwa ngokuthi i-amphibian ehlakaniphile kunazo zonke phakathi kwabantu besizwe saso - izici zesakhiwo sobuchopho zifakazela ukuthi ukukhula kwalesi silwane kuphakeme kakhulu kunesizukulwane saso.
Kepha lezi zasemanzini azinazo izitho zomzimba. Kungabonakala sengathi lesi sidalwa sinekhanda nomsila, empeleni, umsila isibungu ayinayo, inomzimba omude futhi omncane nje. Umbala walo mzimba awubhalwanga kakhulu. Laba bantu bangafakwa umbala kusuka kokumpunga-nsundu nokumnyama.
Kepha kukhona futhi ama "mods" akhethekile anombala wesikhumba oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ngokwesibonelo, isibungu esilihlaza okwesibhakabhaka saseCameroon Victoria Caecilian), nophuzi olujulile. Umndeni walezi zasemanzini mkhulu impela, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-90 ezaziwayo. Futhi bonke bahlala e-Afrika, e-Asia naseNingizimu Melika, futhi batholakala eMelika Ephakathi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi e-Australia, lapho izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane zizizwa zikhululekile, azikho izikelemu.
Esithombeni kukhona isibungu esiphuzi
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Indlela yokuphila yale amphibian ingaphansi komhlaba. Umzimba wakhe wonke uvumelane nalokhu - akanamehlo, kuphela iziqalo ezibuthakathaka, kukhona nezinkinga zokuzwa - umuntu ompofu akanalo igobolondo lendlebe, noma indlebe ivuleke uqobo, yingakho engezwa.
Futhi yini enye ukuyibiza, uma ibamba lo msindo wokudalwa onemvamisa ye-1500 hertz. Kepha kubonakala sengathi isibungu uqobo asicasuki kakhulu. Futhi empeleni - kufanele alalele bani lapho ngomshoshaphansi? Akudingeki alalele futhi aqaphele izitha, ngisho nezimvukuzane azimudli, amafinyila anobuthi akhishwa esikhunjeni sakhe.
Isibungu sinomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu - sizimba indlela ngaphansi komhlaba, sizifunele ukudla. Kodwa i-excavator evela kulokhu kudalwa inguchwepheshe oqondile. Ikhanda elincane livutha indlela efana nenqama ebhaxabulayo, futhi umzimba omncane, ombozwe amafinyila, uqhubekela phambili ngaphandle kobunzima.
Isibungu esinezintambo
Ukudla
Lapha uzokhumbula ngokufana kwesibungu nezibungu. Uma umzingeli wesibungu onomcabango ocebile esengacatshangelwa, khona-ke isisulu saso, esizolinda ngokuzithandela kuze kube yilapho isibungu sifika kuso bese siqala ukuzindela ngomlomo waso ongenamazinyo, akunakwenzeka ukucabanga. Ngakho-ke, umhlonyane udla kuphela imfucumfucu yezitshalo. Isibungu yinto ehluke ngokuphelele.
Ukudla kwale amphibiya akukubi futhi akukude nezitshalo, futhi lesi sidalwa sihamba kancane. Khonamanjalo, izinyoka ezincane ezahlukahlukene, ama-mollusk, izibungu "ezikanye" nezinye izikelemu eziboshile khetha izintuthwane nomuhlwa. Okungukuthi, konke okuncane nokuphila okuthola izinyo.
Ngendlela, ukungena ezinyoweni bekungeke kube lula ukube imvelo ibinganikanga isibungu ubuthi, obusezindlala. Lo shevu umane usindisa le amphibian kukho konke ukuhlaselwa yisitha nendlala. Lo shevu ukhubaza izilwane ezincane, futhi azikwazi ukuzivikela kwisibungu esihamba kancane. Okusele nje ukubamba inyamazane ngomlomo wayo, uyibambe ngamazinyo bese uyigwinya.
Esithombeni, isibungu se-Eiselt
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwalezi zinto eziphila emanzini nasemanzini akukacwaningisiswa ngokugcwele ngososayensi, kodwa kuqinisekile ukuthi izibungu zinokuhlangana okuphelele, okuhlala cishe amahora amathathu. Kubantu abasemanzini kukhona ngisho namaswidi akhethekile avumela "abathandi" ukuba babe ndawonye isikhathi eside ngesikhathi sesenzo, ngoba emanzini angenawo amaswidi bekungeke kwenzeke ngokuphelele ukuthi izibungu zihlale ziseduze komunye nomunye amahora amathathu.
Ngokuvamile, inzalo yinto engathà sina kulezi zidalwa. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, izikelemu, ezitholakala eGuatemala, zithwala amaqanda (futhi zisuka ku-15 ziye ku-35) isikhathi esingangonyaka. Kepha-ke amawundlu azalwa esebenza kahle, enobungcweti futhi ahamba.
Futhi kwenzeka kanjena: amaqanda akhula endaweni ye-oviduct yowesifazane, kepha lapho ukunikezwa kwe-yolk eqandeni kuphela, izibungu ziyaphuma egobolondweni leqanda, kepha azijahi ukuzalwa, zisezimbanjeni zesifazane isikhathi eside impela.
Futhi izingane zondla ngqo kunina uqobo, okungukuthi, ezindongeni ze-oviduct yakhe. Ngalokhu, abancane sebenamazinyo. By the way, nomama wabo ubanikeza ne-oxygen. Futhi lapho isikhathi sifika, izibungu sezivele ziyaphuma esibelethweni sikamama zingabantu abakheke ngokuphelele. Futhi lapho beneminyaka emibili ubudala, bona ngokwabo bangakhiqiza inzalo.
Esithombeni kukhona isidleke sezibungu esinamawundlu
Futhi ezinye izinhlobo zezikelemu zondla izingane zazo ezisanda kuzalwa ngesikhumba sazo. Izingane zinamathela kunina futhi zikhuhle isikhumba ngamazinyo azo, okuwukudla kwazo. Mayelana nalokhu, abahlengikazi abanjalo (ngokwesibonelo, isibungu iMicrocaecilia dermatophaga), lapho izingane zivela, zimbozwa ngolunye ungqimba lwesikhumba, olunikezwa inani elikhulu lamafutha.
Lesi silwane esimangalisayo asonakaliswanga ukunakwa ososayensi. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yobunzima bocwaningo lwakhe, kepha imibuzo eminingi mayelana nezibungu ayisaziwa. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, alusekho ulwazi oluqondile mayelana nesikhathi sokuphila sezibungu endaweni yemvelo.
