Ingulube - imele uhlobo oluvela emndenini wezingulube we-artiodactyl oda. Uma ubheka isithombe sengulube, uzoqonda masisha ukuthi kukopishwe kubani omunye wabalingiswa abakhulu bochungechunge lwe-animated "uTimoni noPumbaa" kanye nochungechunge lonke lwamakhathuni athandwayo "INkosi Yengonyama" - iPumbaa.
Ubude ingulube yase-afrika idlula imitha elilodwa nohhafu, futhi ukuphakama kokubuna kufinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili nanhlanu, isisindo sesilwane sihluka kusuka kumakhilogremu ayisihlanu kuya kwayikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu. Ngokungafani nomlingiswa wekhathuni, okwangempela Ingulube yengulube akekho noyedwa ongabiza ngokuthi muhle.
Inomzimba ohlangene nemilenze emifushane, umsila omncane omfushane onentshakaza ekugcineni kanye nenhloko enkulu engenangqondo enezinhlamvu eziyisithupha ezinkulu zikaphayini emphefumulweni omude, okusikhumbuza izinsumpa, okunikeze lesi silwane igama laso.
Futhi, izingulube zinemigogodla emikhulu, efinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi ayisithupha ubude, ephuma emlonyeni. La mazinyo afanayo ayesabeka kakhulu futhi yisikhali esikhulu sezingulube.
Isikhumba esimpunga esimnyama sesilwane esesabekayo simbozwe izinhlanga ezibomvu eziqinile futhi entanyeni kukhona umhlwenga wezinwele ezinde kodwa ezincanyana. Imvamisa izingulube zihamba ngesivinini esiphansi esingafika kumakhilomitha ayisishiyagalombili ngehora, kepha uma kunesidingo, zingafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela kumakhilomitha angamashumi amahlanu ngehora.
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo insumpa
Izingulube zezingulube itholakala yonke indawo e-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara. Izindawo ezithandwa kakhulu ukuthi lezi zilwane zihlale kuzo zingama-shrub savanna omile. Izingulube zizama ukugwema izindawo ezivulekile ezingasenalutho ngokuphelele, kanye namahlathi aminyene kakhulu.
Izingulube zesilisa zikhetha ukuhlala zodwa ngobuhle, kanti abesifazane bahlala emhlanjini omncane wezinsikazi ezindala ezintathu kuya kweziyishumi nesithupha nezingane zabo. Sekukonke, isibalo somhlambi owodwa onjalo singafinyelela kumalungu angamashumi ayisikhombisa.
Ama-Maulers, ngokungafani nabaningi abangasetshenziswanga, bahlala impilo yabo behlala phansi, emigodini abazimbayo yona. Izingulube ezincane zikhuphukela emgodini wokuqala, bese ezindala zihlehla nyovane, sengathi zivimba indawo yazo yokuhlala. Lokhu kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela ikhaya lakho - emgodini ominyene ukuhlangabeza isivakashi esinegama nesikhali sakho kuphela - amazinyo abukhali.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yengulube
Ugwadule Warthog akusona isilwane esinolaka ngokungenangqondo, kepha asikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi sinamahloni noma siyigwala futhi. Ama-Warthogs awakwazi ukuvikela kuphela ikhaya lawo kanye nenzalo yawo, kepha, kwesinye isikhathi, futhi ahlasela, noma ngabe isitha sikhulu kakhulu kunaso.
Ososayensi baye babhala amacala lapho izingulube zahlasela izindlovu ngisho nobhejane. Izitha zemvelo zezinsumpa emvelweni ikakhulukazi izingonyama nezingwe, kwesinye isikhathi izimpisi. Yize ukuphakama kubonakala kusobala, lezi zilwane zizama ukubheka izilwane ezisencane kuphela, zikukhuthalele ukugwema ukuhlangana nabantu abadala.
Futhi, inani lesizukulwane esisha sezinsumpa lihlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlaselwa okuvamile kwezinkozi nezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama, kusukela ekuhlaselweni kwabantu abadala abakwazi nje ukuzivikela. Phakathi kokunye, ezindaweni eziningi abantu bazingela izingulube, ngoba inyama yabo ayihlukile kunengulube esiyijwayele.
Ubudlelwano bokusebenzisana phakathi kwezingulube nama-mongoose amthende kungabonakala njengokuthakazelisa kakhulu. Kuyenzeka kaningi ukubona ukuthi izingulube zasendle ezinkulu nezesabekayo zihlala kanjani zinganyakazi, ukuze zingesabi futhi zivumele i-mongoose engaconsi phansi kanye nexakile ukuba iqoqe ama-parasites ahlukahlukene eboyeni bawo, ama-mongooses adla kuwo.
Ukudla
Yize izingulube zingama-omnivores ngomqondo owamukelwa ngokuvamile wegama, zisanikeza okuthandwa kakhulu ekudleni okuvela emithini. Indlela abadla ngayo amakhambi ithakazelisa kakhulu - bagoba izidladla zangaphambili, njengokungathi baguqe ngamadolo, futhi kulesi sikhundla baqhubekela phambili kancane njengoba bedla noma yikuphi uhlaza olusendleleni yabo.
Kungani izingulube wenze lokho? Kungenzeka, kulesi sikhundla, kulula kakhulu ukuthi badabule umhlabathi ngamazinyo abo futhi bathole izimpande ezinomsoco kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingulube zibuye zidle amajikijolo, amagxolo ezihlahla, ezinye azinqeni ngisho nokudla izidumbu ezihlangana nazo lapho zisendleleni.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Njengoba izingulube zihlala e-Afrika, abukho ubudlelwano phakathi kwenkathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa. Imvamisa ngalesi sikhathi azikho izimpi ezinegazi noma impi yabesifazane noma yensimu.
Kwesinye isikhathi, ngesikhathi sokulwa, abesilisa bangalwa, kepha lezi zimpi cishe azinalo igazi - iduna elilodwa lishayisana ngamabunzi abo (njengezinqama) bese lizama ukuyisa isitha kolunye uhlangothi.
Izingulube azilokothi zisebenzise imicu emelene nezinhlobo zezinhlobo zazo. Insikazi ithwala ithole izinyanga eziyisithupha, ngemuva kwalokho iqhume ibheke emgodini, ithathe ithole elilodwa kuya kwamathathu.
Izingulube zezinsumpa ezisanda kuzalwa azihlukaniswa nezezingulube ezifuywayo. Umama akachithi amahora angama-24 endizeni enakekela izingane zakhe. Imvamisa, umama ushiya izingane zakhe, azishiye emgodini, bese eza ukuzobheka izikhathi ezimbalwa ngosuku.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izingane ziyakhula futhi ziphume ngokuzimela emgodini ukuze zithathe uhambo futhi zifunde ukuhlala ngokuzimela nomama wazo. Bazimela ngokuphelele kuphela ngasekupheleni konyaka wokuqala wokuphila, kepha isikhathi eside impela bangahlala nonina emgodini owodwa.
Kepha lapho beneminyaka emibili ekugcineni bashiya isidleke sokhokho babo ukuze bathole ikhaya labo futhi bathole inzalo yabo. Isikhathi sokuphila se-warthog endaweni yaso yemvelo ayidluli iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, ngenkathi besekuthunjweni bayakwazi ukuphila ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili.
I-warthog cub ebonisiwe
Ngokuvamile, izingulube zisengathathwa njengezisengozini enkulu. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi sebevele babonile ukuthi uhlobo olulodwa oluthile - Ingulube yase-Eritrea - isivele isengozini.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukuzingelwa kwezingulube kusaqhubeka, bezibeka iqiniso lokuthi lezi zilwane ziyizinambuzane ezihlala zidala umonakalo omkhulu, ziqothula amasimu namasimu.
