Akunamuntu ongakaze asibone lesi sinambuzane. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kungcono ukungazithinti lezi zinambuzane ezindizayo ezinemigqa, noma zingaluma. Kepha, mhlawumbe, yilapho ulwazi lonke mayelana neminyovu luphela khona. Futhi kuyadabukisa, ngoba iminyovu iyindalo yemvelo ethakazelisa kakhulu.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Umnyovu - ingeka-oda i-Hymenoptera, kanye ne-suborder stalk-bellied.
Iminyovu ifaka izinambuzane ezinjenge:
- okwangempela;
- isihlabathi;
- iminyovu - icwebezela;
- umgwaqo;
- scolia;
- iminyovu - abesifazane baseJalimane;
- typhia;
- ezimbali;
- ukumba;
- iphepha;
- uphondo.
Umnyovu yizinambuzane umzimba wazo opendwe ngemigqa emnyama nephuzi. Ubude besinambuzane (kuya ngohlobo) buqala ku-2 cm kuye ku-3.5 cm.Kunezimbhangqwana ezimbili zamaphiko ngemuva, kodwa njengoba izimpiko zangemuva zinamathele ngokuqinile kulawa angaphambili, kubonakala sengathi kunamaphiko amabili kuphela.
Iminyovu iyaluma kubuhlungu, kuyathandeka futhi kungadala ukusabela okweqile okwedlulele. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokungafani nezinyosi, iminyovu ayizishiyi izitinyela.
Amehlo alesi sinambuzane aqukethe izici eziningi ezikuvumela ukuba ubheke ezinhlangothini ezihlukene ngasikhathi sinye, futhi uphume ubheke ezansi ngale kwendiza yenhlamba.
Ngaphezu kwamehlo axakile, anezici, umnyovu unamehlo amathathu, atholakala phezulu ekhanda. Kunzima ukukholelwa okuncane kakhulu isinambuzane unamehlo amakhulu, kepha uma ucabanga umnyovu esithombeni, lapho-ke lokhu kungaqinisekiswa kalula.
Esithombeni kunamehlo amathathu ongezelelwe omnyovu
Ngaphezu kwamehlo amakhulu, kukhona izimpondo ekhanda. Lezi zimpondo zinemisebenzi eminingi. Futhi ziyizitho zephunga nokuthinta, zibona nokudlidliza komoya, futhi zisebenza njengamamukeli okunambitheka futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kwakhiwa isidleke, iseli ngalinye likalwa ngezimpondo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Iminyovu yesifazane kuphela enezindosi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lesi sitho siyi-ovipositor futhi uma kwenzeka kuba nobungozi umjovo ujova ushevu ngaso.
Izinhlobo zezinambuzane zomnyovu ezahlukahlukene impela futhi ziningi zazo, kepha zonke zihlukaniswe zaba ngumphakathi futhi azishadile. Igama lilodwa likhombisa ukuthi iminyovu eyodwa ikhetha ukuhlala ngokuhlukana, ngaphandle kwezinkampani ezinkulu.
Azakhi ngisho izidleke. Kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi, unyovu ngamunye unethuba lokuqhubeka nohlobo lwawo, okungukuthi, ukuzala kabusha. Kepha iminyovu yezenhlalo iyodwa ayikwazi ukuhlala, ihlala emindenini, inani layo elingaba iminyovu eyizinkulungwane eziningana.
Iminyovu enjalo izakhela indawo yokuhlala engathi sína - isidleke esiqinile futhi esinokwethenjelwa. Ngokungafani neminyovu eyodwa, iminyovu yomphakathi ayikwazi ukuzala konke. Isibeletho nabesilisa kuphela abangabamba iqhaza ekukhiqizeni, eminye iminyovu ayinyumba.
Eminyovu yezenhlalo, ukwakhiwa kwesidleke kuqala ngesibeletho. Angakha indawo yokuhlala encane - engekho enkulu kune-walnut. Udinga isidleke esincane lapho engabeka khona amaqanda akhe okuqala.
Okokuqala, indawo yokuhlala isendleleni eyodwa. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isibeletho sakha kwamanye amabanga. Uzosebenza kuze kube yilapho kuncane iminyovu esebenza emaqandeni.
Futhi sebevele bayaqhubeka nokwakha, bekhulula isibeletho ngento ebaluleke kakhulu - bekhulisa inani leminyovu. Ngosayizi wesidleke, unganquma ukuthi umndeni ucebe kangakanani ngabantu abasebenzayo.
Iminyovu eyodwa ayihlakaniphile kakhulu ngokwakha isidleke, futhi uma iyakha, khona-ke inezindlela eziningi ezahlukahlukene zokwakha. Abanye bakha amangqamuzana amancane ezindaweni ezivikeleke esimweni sezulu nasesibonweni samehlo, futhi, ngokwesibonelo, iminyovu yombumbi yakha okuthile okufana nevazi ephuma odakeni, enamathiselwe odongeni noma emagatsheni ezihlahla.
Kukhona iminyovu evele izingcwabe emhlabathini noma ilume ngeziqu zezitshalo ukuze ithole isiphephelo lapho, futhi kukhona labo abathanda ukuthola imifantu emincane efanelekile ukuba baphile kuyo. Kubantu abanjalo, konke okusele komuntu nakho kufanelekile - amagilavu omsebenzi alahliwe, izingcezu zamakhadibhodi anezingqimba ezintathu, izinto ezingadingekile, njll.
Kuyathakazelisa! Iminyovu eyodwa ibekela amaqanda ayo esitokisini esihlukile bese iyayivala. Kulokhu, akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kweminyovu yabantu abadala nezibungu.
Kuyabonakala futhi ukuthi amaqanda abekwa kumaseli amancane, okuvela kuwo izibungu zesilisa kamuva. Lokhu kusho ukuthi banabesilisa abancane kunabesifazane.
Esithombeni kubekwa izibungu zomnyovu
Izinhlobonhlobo zeminyovu zihlala lapho kungenzeka khona. Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwakho konke bathanda ukuhlala eduze komuntu. Lokhu kuyaqondakala, ngoba lezi zinambuzane umuntu uyigumbi lokudlela eliqhubekayo, lapho kungadingeki khona imizamo ekhethekile yokuthola ukudla.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Uhlamvu ezidla ezimthende kunalokho ezimbi, okungukuthi, ngokungagwegwesi nolaka. Ngokuphazamiseka okuncane, lesi sinambuzane sihlasela kuqala. Umnyovu awulumi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi uluma isitha, yize ukulunywa ngomlomo kungabonakali kakhulu kunokuluma.
Uma kukhona omunye umnyovu eduze, onuka ubuthi, uzophuthuma usize umnyovu ohlaselayo. Futhi sekuvele kumaye kulowo ophazamise isidleke se-hornet. Lapho-ke kuzophuma ifu lonke leminyovu livikele ikhaya labo futhi isigebengu ngeke sibe nenhlanhla enkulu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, iminyovu iyizindlezane ezinakekelayo nomama, yize lokhu kusebenza ikakhulu kwiminyovu yezenhlalo, eminyovweni eyedwa ukunakekelwa kukamama kuvezwa kuphela ekunikezeni isibungu isisulu esikhubazekile - zinikeza izibungu zazo ukudla isikhathi eside sokukhula kwazo. Kuma-wasp womphakathi, ukunakekela inzalo kunzima kakhulu.
Unyovu ngalunye emndenini ludlula kuzo zonke izigaba "zokusebenza". Uma ekuqaleni umuntu osemusha engahlanza kuphela, khona-ke ngeminyaka "uyakhushulelwa" esigabeni somhlengikazi.
Iminyovu ithola isidleke sayo ngokungangabazeki, ngisho nalapho indiza isuka kuyo amakhilomitha amaningi. Kepha uma isidleke sisuswa ngisho amamitha ambalwa, kulesi sinambuzane kuzoba ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu ukuthola ikhaya laso.
Ukudla
Iminyovu izinambuzane ezidla ezinye, yize zaziwa ngokuthi "izinyo elimnandi". Akufanele ushiye izitsha zamajamu kuveranda wasehlobo ngemuva kokuphuza itiye, iminyovu ngokuqinisekile izosithola lesi sipho futhi izondizela ingxenye entsha lapha. Iminyovu ingakhotha umpe ezimbalini, noma ingadla izinambuzane ezincane.
Futhi-ke, umuntu kufanele akhumbule kuphela ngomnyovu, njengoba ukungabaza ngesidalwa kuzonyamalala. Lo mnyovu ubheka isibungu esondliwe kahle, uhlale phezu kwawo (njengomgibeli), uhlabe isikhumba nge-ovipositor yaso bese ubeka amaqanda emzimbeni wesisulu.
Kamuva, izibungu zizonikezwa ukudla, okungukuthi, yilo mbungu. Eminye iminyovu ikhetha amabhungane esikhundleni samacimbi. Umnyovu uyi-pepsis (umgwaqo ohamba emgwaqweni) futhi uzingela ngokuphelele izicabucabu, uzihlasele, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nasendaweni yazo yokuhlala, bese ubeka amaqanda ayo emzimbeni walesi sigcawu.
Ngendlela, ama-cicadas, amakhulu kunosayizi ngosayizi, nawo aya kokondla izibungu. Zimane zibiyelwe esitokisini esineqanda futhi lapho isibungu sichanyuselwa, ngeke silambe.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngemuva kobusika obufudumele (kulokhu kunendawo eyimfihlo), isibeletho siqala ukwakha isidleke bese sibekela amaqanda lapho. Abantu abayinyumba kuphela abazovela kula maqanda, azokwakha ngokwengeziwe isidleke futhi athole ukudla.
Kuphela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, isibeletho siqala ukubeka amaqanda, okuzovela kuwo iminyovu ekwaziyo ukuzala. Yilaba bantu abagcwele futhi bahlangane.
Ngemuva kokuthi ukukhulelwa kwenzeke, abesifazane abancane baphuma esidlekeni futhi bafune indawo efudumele ebusika ukuze bakhe isidleke sabo entwasahlobo. Abesilisa bayafa. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, wonke umndeni oshiywe ngonovi, kanye nowesifazane omdala, uyabhubha.
Owesifazane oyedwa oshadile kanye futhi uyakwazi ukukhiqiza iminyovu engaphezu kuka-2000. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, le yiminyovu esebenza, ayinyumba. Amaqanda avalelwa egumbini kanye nezinambuzane ezincane (ukudla). Izibungu, ngokuzayo, zizondla futhi zithole isisindo ukuze ziphenduke iminyovu.
Izibungu, okuvela kuzo iminyovu ekwaziyo ukuzala, idla ngokuhlukile. Zondliwa ngokudla okukhuthaza ukwakheka kwezitho zangasese. Ngemuva kokuthi umnyovu utholwe kwisibungu, uyaphuma ngokwawo egumbini. Isikhathi sesibeletho izinyanga eziyi-10, kanti iminyovu yesisebenzi nama-drones anamasonto amane kuphela.
