Izimvemvane zenundu - abamele abagqamile bomhlaba omkhulu wezinambuzane. Zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ama-hummingbirds asenyakatho" noma ama-sphinxes ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obukhulu kanye nendlela engajwayelekile yokondla.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamabhu, ngayinye inombala wayo, iphethini ekhethekile ebusweni bamaphiko nasemuva. Ngakho-ke, uvemvane lwe-hawk moth butter yi-burgundy, njengewayini elibomvu elimnyama, futhi inundu ekhanda elifile linomfanekiso ngemuva kwalo obukeka njengogebhezi lwangempela.
Umbala wovemvane uncike etinhlotjeni letiphila kuto, endleleni lesidla ngayo. Iningi lamaBrazhnik linombala ogqamile, iphethini yemigqa ye-oblique engemuva elikhanyayo namabala amakhulu ngesimo samehlo amakhulu ngemuva.
Esithombeni umenzi wama-hawk uyikhanda elifile
Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo inundu ye-hawk
Ibhu le-hawk liyisivemvane esikhulu esikhulu, esisindayo esinomzimba onamandla, oyindilinga namaphiko enwetshiwe, ubude baso obufinyelela ku-35 - 175 mm. I-Antennae yawo wonke amaBrazhnik yinde, imise okwegwegwe, inesihloko esicijile.
Amehlo avundlile, avulekile kovemvane ambozwe amashiya anenkani avela phezulu. I-proboscis iqinile, ivame ukuba yinde kunomzimba. Izinyawo zifakwe imigqa eminingana yama-spikes aqinile. Isisu se-Hawk Moth sigcwele izikali, ezilingana kuze kube sekugcineni ngentshana noma ibhulashi elibanzi.
Izimpiko zangaphambili zovemvane zinkulu, zinesihloko esicijile, eceleni konqenqema lwangaphandle bushelelezi noma buqoshwe. Izimpiko zangemuva zincane kancane, zehle ngokuphawuleka zibheke ebangeni elingasemuva, futhi zibe nenothi elingajulile ekugcineni.
Amacimbi uBrazhnikov angatholakala emaqabungeni e-elm, i-birch, i-linden, i-alder, i-chestnut engavamile kakhulu, i-apula, ipheya kusukela ekupheleni kukaJuni.Izithombe zeBrazhnik izimvemvane zingabukwa kulesi sihloko, kepha izimvemvane ezibukhoma zihle kakhulu.
Isimo kanye nendlela yokuphila ye-hawk moth
Ngokwemvelo, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlobo zama-hawk amabhu. Zonke ziphila impilo esebenzayo ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku: ezinye emini, ezinye ebusuku, ezinye kusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu. Eziningi zalezi zinhlobo zama-hawk amabhu zibhekwa njengezingajwayelekile, zibhalwe ku-Red Book.
Ulebe uklebe undiza ngokushesha okukhulu, lapho undiza ifana nendiza ye-jet endiza nge-hum esezingeni eliphansi. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokushaywa kwamaphiko ayo kaningi, lesi sinambuzane senza amaphiko angama-52 ngomzuzwana.
Abaningi izinhlobo zeBrazhniks zifane nezinyoni ezincane njenge U-Oleander hawk, Death's Head, Ulimi Oluvamile kanye neWine Moth, bahamba amabanga amade ngezindiza ezisuka ezwenikazi ziya ezwenikazi noma ukusuka kolunye uhlangothi lwezwe kuya kolunye.
Esithombeni kukhona i-oleander hawk
Izithombe ze-Butterfly zihlala zikhanya futhi ziyaheha. Ibhu le-Hawk ngobude bephiko langaphambili obungu-32-42 mm, inamaphiko angama-64-82 mm. Izimpiko zangaphambili zovemvane zelulwa ziye phezulu, zinomphetho oqoshiwe engxenyeni engezansi, zipendwe nsundu ngamaphethini emabula amnyama.
Ngemuva kweHawk Moth kuhlotshiswe ngomugqa obanzi onsundu. Izimpiko zangemuva ezansi komzimba wovemvane zibomvu ngokugqamile; ngalesi sizinda, kuvela amabala amakhulu afana namehlo amnyama aneringi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphakathi. Intshevu yalesi sinambuzane i-serrate.
Utshwala kagwayi uhlala ezifundeni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika, kwenzeka ezifundazweni ezisenyakatho ze-USA. Kubhekwa njengokuhlupheka emasimini kagwayi, ngoba leli siko liyikudla okuyinhloko kwamacimbi ezinambuzane. Esiswini, le nundu ye-hawk inephethini ethokozisayo, enamabhangqa ayisithupha wezikwele ezibomvu neziphuzi.
Esithombeni kunogandaganda kagwayi
Linden hawk inamaphiko angama-62 kuya kuma-80 mm. Imiphetho yamaphiko ayo angaphambili ifakiwe. Umbala wamaphiko uyacwazimula kusuka kuhlaza lomnqumo kuya kobomvu. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, amabala amnyama amabili, angajwayelekile, avame ukuxhumeka amnyama.
Izimpiko zangemuva ziwolintshi ngomugqa omnyama. Isibungu salesi uvemvane siluhlaza ngemivimbo ebomvu etshekile ezinhlangothini, isiphungumangathi esimnyama sichitha ubusika emhlabathini. Uvemvane luhlala emahlathini ahlabayo aseYurophu naseNtshonalanga yeSiberia, ezingadini zase-Asia Minor naseCaucasus. Indiza ngenkuthalo ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kwesinye isikhathi ekwindla yokuqala kungavela isizukulwane sesibili sezinambuzane.
Ukudla kwenundu koKlebe
Abathengisi abaningi badla umpe wembali, kuyilapho bengahlali embali, kepha bayanamathela kuwo bese bamunca umpe nge-proboscis ende. Le ndiza ibhekwa njengenzima kakhulu, yi-aerobatics, hhayi zonke izinambuzane ezinayo, kepha ayinikeli ekupholiseni izitshalo.
Abanye abenzi bama-hawk bakhetha ukudla uju lwezinyosi. Ngakho-ke iNhloko ye-Butterfly Dead iphanga isifuba ebusuku, izulazula phezu kwayo futhi ilingise ukubhuza kwenyosi, ingene esidlekeni, ihlaba ikhekheba lezinyosi ngesiqu sayo esiqinile futhi imunce uju.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Izimvemvane zebhu zihlala izinsuku ezimbalwa, isikhathi sokuphila kwazo sincike ezinqolobaneni eziqoqwe ngumzimba esigabeni sesibungu. Umjikelezo wonke wempilo cishe izinsuku ezingama-30-45, kwesinye isikhathi izizukulwane ezimbili zezinambuzane zikhula ehlobo.
Ama-Hawk amabhu izinambuzane ezinomjikelezo ophelele wokuguqulwa. Iqukethe izigaba ezine: iqanda, isibungu (noma isibungu), isiphungumangathi, uvemvane - isinambuzane esidala. Ama-pheromones, akhishwa yizindlala zesifazane, asiza owesilisa ukuthola izinhlobo zezinhlobo zakhe.
Ukukhwelana kwezinambuzane kuthatha imizuzu engama-23 kuye emahoreni ambalwa, lapho abalingani bahlala benganyakazi ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwalokho insikazi ibeka amaqanda avundisiwe cishe ngokushesha, ku-clutch kunezicucu ezingafika ku-1000 ku-clutch, kuya ngohlobo lwazo.
Isibungu se-Hawk
Amasende anamathela ezitshalweni lapho kunokudla okwanele amacimbi. Izibungu ze-Hawk Moth zivela ngosuku lwe-2-4th. Ziyasebenza kakhulu, zisebenzisa umoya-mpilo omningi nokudla, okukuvumela ukuba zikhule futhi zikhule ngokushesha.
Izibungu ze-hawk moth zenzelwe ngokuphelele ukusinda: ezinye izinhlobo zinombala ogqamile, izinwele ezinyene nezinzima, ezinye zifihla umbala endaweni ezungezile, isimo somzimba esivumelanisiwe, ezinye zikhipha iphunga elibi ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwezinto ezinobuthi emzimbeni.
Iningi lazo lidla amaqabunga ezitshalo ebezichanyuselwe. Izibungu azibangeli monakalo othile emahlathini nasezivandeni, ngoba zidla kuphela amaqabunga amancane. Zisebenza ngokukhethekile kusihlwa nasebusuku.
Ngemuva kokuthola amandla nezakhi ezanele, isibungu singena emhlabathini nasezilwaneni lapho. Ngabe Iziphungumangathi zikaHawk ezansi kuphuma uphondo oluncane, okucishe kube yizo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane.
Isigaba se-pupal sihlala cishe izinsuku eziyi-18, lapho kwenzeka khona izinguquko ezinkulu - ukuguqulwa komzimba okuphelele, ukuguqulwa okuyisimangaliso kwesibungu se-Hawthorn sibe uvemvane oluhle oludala.
Isinambuzane esivuthiwe siyazikhulula emgodini owomile, sandlala izimpiko zaso sizome. Njengoba ithole ikhono lokundiza, uvemvane ngokushesha luya kozingela umlingani wezocansi ukuze umjikelezo wokuphila walesi sidalwa ungaphazanyiswa.
Izinhlobo eziningi zeBrazhniks ziseRussian Red Data Book, kanye naseRed Data Books zesifunda. Lezi zinambuzane zichitha ukhula oluningi futhi zimane zihlobise umhlaba wethu.
