Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo i-tuatara
Kunabantu abangajwayelene ne-tuatara, noma ngephutha bacabanga ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesirhubuluzi luyizibankwa, kodwa lokhu akulungile neze.
Hlangana tuatara noma igama lesibili lesilwane esihuquzelayo tuatara - isirhubuluzi esasinda esikhathini sama-dinosaurs. ENew Zealand, engxenyeni esenyakatho kuneziqhingi osebeni lwazo oluyindawo enamadwala.
Lezi ziqhingi zixhunywe ngomugqa omncane ohlanganisa iziqhingi zaseNyakatho nezaseNingizimu. Kule ndawo engeyona ntofontofo yomhlaba hlala ezihuquzelayo - ngamehlo amathathu tuataraukwakha isikwati esinamakhanda.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umbono weziqhingi lapho phila tuatara ukudangala. Iziqhingi zimbozwe yinkungu eminyene nhlangothi zonke, futhi amagagasi omthofu abandayo agqashula ogwini olunamadwala. Izimbali kulezi zindawo ziyindlala, futhi zimbalwa izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinomgogodla nezinyoni kule ndawo.
Ngalesi sikhathi, zonke izilwane, kubandakanya nezasekhaya, zisusiwe eziqhingini, futhi iningi lamagundane labhujiswa, okwadala umonakalo omkhulu ngokudla amaqanda ama-tuatars kanye nenzalo encane yamaTuatars.
Njengamanje, uhulumeni waseNew Zealand uthathe ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwesirhubuluzi esimangalisayo, esibizwa ngokuthi "izinsalela eziphilayo". Ngenxa yalokho, kwenzeka ukumisa ukuqothulwa kwalezi zinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo futhi kwandise inani lazo.
Namuhla inani le-tuatara linezinombolo okungenani eziyizinkulungwane eziyikhulu zabantu. I-zoo e-Australia yajoyina le nhlangano futhi manje endaweni yayo ungabona nezilwane ezithokozisayo ezivela ngesikhathi sama-dinosaurs.
Kumbuzo othi: “Kungani i-tuatara ibizwa ngokuthi i-fossil ephilayo? " Ochwepheshe bayakuphendula lokho tuatara unelungelo lokubizwa izinsalela eziphilayo, futhi konke kungenxa yokuthi isirhubuluzi singesolohlobo lwezinsalela zezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ezineminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-200 ubudala.
Ngokubukeka, i-hatteria icishe ifane ne-iguana. Isakhiwo sawo sangaphakathi siyefana nesenyoka, okuthile kuthathwa kofudu nezingwenya, kukhona ngisho nezinto zezinhlanzi futhi, okumangalisa kakhulu ukuthi, zinamalungu, isakhiwo sawo esasisezinhlotsheni zasendulo kakhulu zama-dinosaurs.
Kusuka kubamele abakhulu isibankwakazi tuatara, okokuqala nje, inesakhiwo sogebhezi esiyingqayizivele. Into ethokozisayo umhlathi otholakala phezulu, ulwanga nengxenye engaphezulu yogebhezi.
Izingxenye ezichazwe ze-reptile zingahamba ngokwehlukana nengxenye yangaphakathi yogebhezi, lapho kutholakala khona ubuchopho be-tuatara. Kulokhu isithombe se-tuatara ungabukeka kahle bese uliqhathanisa ne- isibankwa.
Ngisho nowesilisa akakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngosayizi womzimba, ngoba tuatara — isilwane usayizi kusukela kuchopho lomsila kuya ekugcineni kwempumu ngamamitha ayi-0.7 kuphela, futhi ubukhulu abudluli ku-1000 g.
Ngemuva, ogwini, kunegebe eliqukethe amapuleti angunxantathu. Okuthokozisayo ukuthi yileli crest elinikeze igama elithi "tuatara", ngoba ekuhumusheni leli gama lisho ukuthi "prickly".
Esithombeni, iso lesithathu le-tuatara
Umzimba isilwane embozwe izikali eziluhlaza ngokuhlanganiswa okumpunga, nako tuatara kukhona izidladla, okuthi, nakuba zifushane, zinamandla amakhulu nomsila omude. Isici esivelele se-tuatara ukuba khona kweso lesithathu - iso le-parietal, elisendaweni yesifunda se-occipital. Vuliwe isithombelapho umuntu omdala ebuza khona, ungabona isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele tuatara.
Vele ungazami ukubona iso lesithathu esithombeni sesirhubuluzi esikhulile, ngoba lesi sitho singabonakala kahle kwabancane kuphela. Ngokubukeka, iso lesithathu libukeka njengendawo encane ezungezwe yizinhlangothi zonke ngezikali, kepha iso elingajwayelekile linelensi, futhi isakhiwo sinezingqamuzana ezisebenza ekukhanyeni, kepha isitho asinayo imisipha yokusiza ukugxila endaweni.
Lapho ama-tuatar amancane ekhula, iso lawo lesithathu ligcwele isikhumba futhi akunakwenzeka ukulihlola. Ngenxa yokuhlolwa okuningi, ochwepheshe bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi iso lesithathu liyisitho esingabonakali, kodwa liyakwazi ukubona ukushisa nemisebe elula.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila ye-tuatara
I-Tuatara Isilwane esihuquzelayo sasebusuku. Iziphatha ngokuzimisela emazingeni okushisa angadluli +8 ºS. Zonke izinqubo ze-metabolic nemijikelezo yempilo yawo wonke umuntu izinhlobo ze-tuatara, okuthi, ngendlela, kube yizimbili kuphela ezenzeka kancane, ngisho nokuphefumula ezihuquzelayo kuhamba kancane - kudlula okungenani imizuzwana engu-7 phakathi kokuhogela umoya nokuphefumula.
I-tuatara ngeke ife ngisho noma ingathathi umoya owodwa imizuzu engama-60. I-tuatara enekhanda lomlomo abanandaba namanzi, bathanda kakhulu izinqubo zamanzi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi bangababhukudi abahle kakhulu. Kepha abagijimi babo abasizi ngalutho, imilenze emifushane ayinikezelwanga ama-marathons.
I-Tuatara yisilwane esihuquzelayo esiyingqayizivele esingenza imisindo. Ukuthula kwendawo okuhlala kuyo i-tuatara kuvame ukuphazanyiswa amazwi abo ahlabayo. Isici esithandekayo salolu hlobo isirhubuluzi into ukuthi tuatara uhlela indlu yakhe esidlekeni se-petrels - izinyoni ezihlala eziqhingini zaseNew Zealand.
Izinyoni, kunjalo, azijabule ngokuziphatha okungenangqondo okunjalo kwezihuquzelayo, kepha akukho okunye ezingakwenza ngaphandle kokudela izindlu zazo zibaleke. Ekuqaleni, ochwepheshe babekholelwa ukuthi ukuhlala ndawonye kwezinyoni nama-tuatar kuyenzeka, kepha ngemuva kokubona kwacaca ukuthi izilwane ezihuquzelayo zonakalisa izidleke zama-petrels ngesikhathi sokuzalisa.
Ukudla okunomsoco we-tuatara
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-tuatara ayisebenzi emini, futhi icasha ezilwaneni eziyizisulu emini. Lapho kuqala ubusuku, i-tuatara iya kozingela. Ukudla iqembu ama-beakheads afaka iminenke, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinambuzane, izikelemu zomhlaba, futhi kwesinye isikhathi tuatara uyazivumela ukuthi anambithe inyama yamatshwele amancane, okwenzeka kaningi.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila se-tuatara
Isikhathi sonke sasebusika - kusuka maphakathi nenyanga yokuqala yasentwasahlobo kuze kube maphakathi no-Agasti, ama-beakheads ayazifihla. Entwasahlobo, lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo luqala inkathi yalo yokuzala.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ubude besikhathi sokukhwela buwela ngamazinga ethu ngoJanuwari, kepha eNew Zealand, intwasahlobo iza ngalesi sikhathi. Isilwane esihuquzelayo siqala ukuvuthwa ngokocansi lapho sineminyaka engama-20, cishe njengabantu bakithi.
Owesifazane okhulelwe uhamba cishe izinyanga eziyi-10. Insikazi iyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angafika kwangu-15. Ugqiba amaqanda akhe ngokucophelela emigodini bese ewashiya lapho sonke isikhathi sokufukamela, esihlala izinyanga eziyi-15. Isikhathi esinjalo asijwayelekile kunoma yiziphi izinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezaziwayo.
Isici sebhayoloji, esisezingeni eliphansi lenqubo ebalulekile, sivumela i-tuatara ukuthi iphile isikhathi eside. Imvamisa, lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ziphila iminyaka eyikhulu.
Imfihlo yokuphila isikhathi eside ukuthi izilwane ezihuquzelayo zihola indlela yokuphila elinganisiwe, ngokusobala azinandawo yokuphuthuma, futhi nezimo zokuhlala ogwini lwaseNew Zealand, mhlawumbe, futhi zandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwezinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezithokozisayo nezingavamile ezasinda esikhathini sama-dinosaurs.
