Indawo yondlunkulu
Ebusika obubandayo, lapho kunezinyoni ezimbalwa kakhulu, noma ehlobo elishisayo, lapho kuzwakala amazwi ezinyoni eziningi, inyoni encane, onsundu ngokumpunga ihlala iseduze nomuntu - undlunkulu, abantu abajwayele kangako ukuthi sekunesikhathi eside bengaqapheli. Futhi ngeze.
Undlunkulu - inyoni encane, usayizi aze afike ku-18 cm, futhi enesisindo esingeqile ku-35 g.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, wayengeke akhethe umakhelwane onjalo ohlakaniphile, ongalindelekile futhi oyingozi - umuntu. Futhi undlunkulu akahambisani kalula nje kuphela, kodwa futhi uzithuthukisela amazwe amasha ngomuntu.
Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva kwendoda, lesi sigaxa sathuthela e-Australia, sahlala enyakatho yeYakutia, savuma ngisho ne-tundra nehlathi-tundra, yize kungenasidingo sokuhlala lapho. Manje zimbalwa izindawo emhlabeni ezingahlali ondlunkulu.
Indlunkulu ayindizeli emazweni afudumele futhi, ngokuvamile, ikhetha ukuphila impilo yokuzihlalela. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akumvimbeli ekundizeni aphume ezindaweni ezikhethiwe ukuze abheke izindawo ezintsha, ezingenamuntu.
Izici zondlunkulu
Isici esiyinhloko sale nyoni ethokozisayo ukuthi ngokuqinisekile ihlala eduze komuntu. Lokhu kushiye uphawu lwayo ekuziphatheni kwakhe nakuyo yonke indlela yokuphila.
Inyoni inenkumbulo esezingeni eliphezulu, inezimo ezintsha ezihambisana nokuziphatha komuntu, ingenza izinqumo futhi yakhe namaketanga anengqondo.
Bambalwa abantu abakunakile lokhu, kepha-ke, uma ukhumbula, wonke umuntu uzovuma ukuthi izinyoni ziyawaxwaya amakati, kepha hhayi ukumesaba kakhulu - zingamlinda amahora amaningi ukuthi ahambe kulowo ophakelayo.
Kodwa ngamahhashi, ondlunkulu abanamahloni nakancane. Zihlangana ngokuphelele nezinkukhu nonogwaja - ngokwazi kwakho inyoni iyazi ukuthi ayikho ingozi kulezi zilwane, kepha ungadla ukudla kwazo njalo.
Banesimo sokudida izinja. Emagcekeni asemaphandleni, lapho izinja zingenandaba nokushaywa nokushaywa kwezinyoni, ondlunkulu abasabeli ngokwethusa kakhulu ezinjeni, kepha lokhu kungachazwa ngeqiniso lokuthi egcekeni elifanayo, njengomthetho, kukhona inja eyodwa, nokuziphatha kwayo ondlunkulu abakwaziyo. Emadolobheni lapho kunezinja eziningi, ondlunkulu abakhululekile kangako ngezinja.
Esinye isici sokufuna ukwazi ukuthi noma ngabe undlunkulu ubengumakhelwane womuntu osondelene kangakanani, kunzima kakhulu ukubamba undlunkulu kunezinye izinyoni. Futhi kuyaqabukela ungamthambisa. ngakho-ke undlunkulu isithombe nomuntu kungabonakala ngokweqile ngokweqile.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila kondlunkulu
Kufanele ukuthi ondlunkulu banesimo esibi. Banomona ngezinto zabo, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho behlela izimpi ezibucayi (ezinamabele afanayo) egcekeni labo, epaki noma kwezinye izindawo ezifudumele.
Ngendlela, uma kungekho kungenelela okuvela ezinyoni zabanye abantu, ondlunkulu bangenza ihlazo kalula nezihlobo zabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya ngamandla ezinkanuko, ngeke anikeze ukuvikelwa okulungile kwesidleke sakhe. Ngubani ongezwanga amazwi ondlunkuluikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Indlunkulu ayijwayelekile ngokuphelele ukuhlala ngokuthula nangokuthula. Noma ikuphi ukunyakaza kwanoma ngubani kubangela igagasi elinamandla lemizwa emhlambini walezi zinyoni.
Lalela izwi londlunkulu
Futhi entwasahlobo, ngenkathi kudalwa imibhangqwana eshadile, ondlunkulu bavele bahlele ukulwa kwezinyoni. Izimpi zingaqala ophahleni lwendlu, egatsheni lesihlahla, ziqhubeke phezulu esibhakabhakeni.
Njengomthetho, awufiki emanxebeni egazi, ondlunkulu bahlakaniphe kakhulu ngalokhu, ngemuva kwezimpi ezenziwa yizinkukhu, kepha hhayi isikhathi eside.
Izinhlobo zondlunkulu
Kuningi izinyoni ezinjengendlunkulu, kodwa akudingekile nakancane ukuthi babe kolunye lwezinhlobo zale nyoni.
Ososayensi bama-ornithologists baye bazikhomba ngokusobala izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezincane zale nyoni. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zale nyoni - kukhona cishe ezingama-22 Esimweni sezulu sethu ungathola 8. Lezi yizi:
- undlunkulu wendlu;
- inkambu;
- iqhwa (iqhwa finch)
- amabele amnyama;
- ikhanda elibomvu;
- itshe;
- Undlunkulu womhlaba waseMongolia;
- izinzwane ezimfishane.
Mhlawumbe othile uzwile okungajwayelekile inyoni "undlunkulu-ikamela". Le nyoni ayihlanganisi lutho nondlunkulu, futhi ayilona uhlobo lomdluli.
Leli igama lentshe eyaziwayo, okuhunyushwa ngokuthi "undlunkulu - ikamela". Zonke izinhlobo ezidlulayo zinezici ezithile, kepha isici esiyinhloko sale nyoni sivamile kubo bonke.
Ukondliwa kondlunkulu
Indlunkulu ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi i-gourmet. Imenyu yayo iyahlukahluka - kusuka ezinambuzaneni kuya endle yabantu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthozama akulona iphuzu labo eliqinile, ngenkathi belinde ucezu, bangagxuma eduze kwetafula lomuntu (amakhefi avulekile, amathala wezwe), futhi uma ehlala enganyakazi, bese egxuma etafuleni eyedwa futhi ekhathazeka ngaye.
Kodwa-ke, ngokunyakaza okuncane, izinyoni zinyamalala ngobuhlakani etafuleni, zizama ukuthatha imvuthu emnandi.
Futhi nokho, yize zinemvelo ethandanayo nenokuxabana, lezi zinyoni azihambelani namahlazo okudla. Uma undlunkulu oyedwa ethola ukudla okuningi, ubalekela abantu bakubo, bese kuqala ukudla.
Baxwaye ukudla abangajwayele. Umhlambi wonke ngeke usidle isitsha esingaziwa kuze kube yilapho omunye undlunkulu ekuzwa lokho kudla. Futhi kuphela ngemuva kwalokho konke kundiza.
Emaphandleni ehlobo, lezi zinyoni zihlala ngokukhululeka. Bacosha imbewu nezinhlamvu zezitshalo ezitshaliwe, badle amajikijolo, futhi zonke izinhlobo zezinto zokuvimbela azibathinti kangako.
Kodwa-ke, abantu bendawo baphoqeleka ukuba babekezelele indawo enjalo, ngoba ondlunkulu babhubhisa amacimbi nezinye izinambuzane.
Eqinisweni, uma ubuka ondlunkulu, khona-ke inyoni izimisele kakhulu ukudla ekhejini likanogwaja noma enkomishini yenkukhu, kunokufuna uhlobo oluthile lwezibungu.
Kepha lokhu akufanele kucasulwe. Ukudla kondlunkulu, noma kunjalo, kusekelwe ekudleni kwezitshalo. Ondlunkulu badla izinambuzane kuphela entwasahlobo, kepha lapho bondla amaphuphu. Kodwa-ke, kungaba nzima ukuqeda izinambuzane ngaphandle kosizo lwalezi zinyoni.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila kondlunkulu
Entwasahlobo, ondlunkulu baqala ukwakha izidleke. Lezi zinyoni azihambisani nesimo esidlekelwe esidlekeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bafuna wonke amathuba okuvumelanisa okuthile okulungele indlu yabo noma ukuhlala esidlekeni somunye umuntu.
Uyabona ukuthi ondlunkulu baphuma kanjani ezindlini zezinyoni, besuka ezidlekeni zenkonjane. Noma yiliphi ipayipi, uthango, ukumbiwa kwendlu kuzokwenza, kepha uma kungatholakali lutho olufanele, izinyoni ziqala ukuzakhela izidleke. Imvamisa, ahlelwe ngaphansi kophahla lwezindlu, ama-gazebos, ophahleni noma ngisho nasezihlahleni nje.
Amantshontsho kondlunkulu esidlekeni
Insikazi ingachamisela amazinyane amathathu ngesizini ngayinye. Ukubekwa kokuqala kwenzeka vele ngo-Ephreli. Kuyiqiniso, lawa magama angahluka kuye ngesimo sezulu nesimo sezulu lapho inyoni ikhona.
Abanye besifazane (ikakhulukazi abangaphansi kweminyaka) bakhetha nokubeka amaqanda ngoMeyi. Izinyoni ziqeda ukwakha izidleke ngo-Agasti, ngemuva kwalokho i-molt yangemva kokudlela ivele ngokushesha.
Ngokuvamile insikazi izalela amaqanda ayi-3-9. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ondlunkulu ezindaweni zasemakhaya bahlala benamaqanda amaningi "kunabantu abahlala emadolobheni".
Ngaphezulu sikhulume ngenkumbulo enhle yalezi zinyoni, ziyazi ukuthi eduze nemfuyo umuntu wasemakhaya ayigcina unyaka wonke, kuzoba lula ukuthi izinyoni eziningi zondle kunasesimweni esithandekayo sasemadolobheni.
Bobabili abazali bahlanganyela ukunakekelwa kwenzalo ngokulinganayo. Bachamisela amachwane ndawonye bese bewondla ndawonye.
Ondlunkulu abesabi abantu futhi bavame ukwakha izidleke zabo eduze kwezindlu.
Isikhathi salezi zinyoni sisatshalaliswa ngokusobala - badinga ukuba nesikhathi sokuchamusela inzalo engaphezu kweyodwa, ngakho-ke izinsuku ezi-4-5 zesifazane zichithwa zibekela amaqanda futhi ziyafukamela, bese kuthi cishe amasonto amabili abazali bondle amaphuphu esidlekeni, amanye amasonto amabili achithwa ekukhuliseni amaphuphu ngemuva kokuhamba kwawo izidleke, futhi kuphela ngemuva kwalokho kulungiselelwa i-clutch elandelayo kuqala.
Ondlunkulu baqale bondle amaphuphu abo ngezinambuzane, bese kubafaka ngezinhlamvu, bese befaka imbewu nezithelo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene.
Sparrow isitha noma umngane
Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi izinyoni ziyizidalwa eziwusizo kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, manje ososayensi baqala ukungabaza izinzuzo zabanye ama-birdies.
Ngakho undlunkulu wangena "kubasizi abangabazisayo". Futhi-ke, izinzuzo zale nyoni encane zingaphezu kokulimaza.
Kwanele ukunikeza isibonelo sakudala - lapho kubonakala kumaShayina ukuthi ondlunkulu babebhidliza isivuno sabo selayisi, ngakho-ke inyoni yamenyezelwa njengesitha esikhulu, baqothulwa, bazi ukuthi ondlunkulu abakwazi ukuhlala emoyeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engu-15.
AmaShayina avele awavumeli ukuba ahlale phansi nezinyoni zawela phansi sezifile. Kepha ngemuva kwalokhu kwafika isitha sangempela - izinambuzane.
Baphindaphindeka kangangokuthi kwakungasekho nhlobo isivuno selayisi, futhi abantu abacishe babe yizigidi ezingama-30 babulawa yindlala.
Ngakho-ke kufanele ukudideka ukuthi umlando usuvele ukuhlanganiseni. Encane undlunkulu wezinyoni ithatha indawo efanelekile emvelweni, futhi umuntu kufanele ayivikele kuphela.
