Izici nendawo yokuhlala
I-Dugong (kusuka ku-Latin Dugong dugon, kusuka e-Malay duyung) uhlobo lohlobo lwezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle ezi-herbivorous zohlelo lwama-siren. Kusuka olimini lwesiMalay lihunyushwa ngokuthi "intombi yasolwandle" noma, ngokulula nje, i-mermaid. Ezweni lethu, i-dugong ibizwa ngokuthi "inkomo yasolwandle».
Kuhlala emanzini anosawoti olwandle nolwandle, kukhetha amachibi namachibi afudumele asogwini. Okwamanje, indawo yokuhlala yalezi zilwane inwebeke endaweni eshisayo yase-Indian nasePacific Oceans.
Ama-Dugongs yizilwane ezincelisayo ezincane kunazo zonke kulo lonke iqembu lama-sirens. Isisindo sabo sifinyelela kumakhilogremu angamakhulu ayisithupha ngobude bomzimba wamamitha amane. Baphimise ukufiphala kocansi ngokobukhulu, okungukuthi, abesilisa bahlala bebakhulu kunabesifazane.
Lesi silwane esincelisayo sinomzimba omkhulu, oyindilinga, embozwe ngesikhumba esijiyile esifinyelela ku-2-2.5 cm ngamafolda. Umbala womzimba we-dugong ungamathoni ampunga, kanti emuva kuhlale kumnyama ukwedlula isisu.
Ngaphandle, ziyefana kakhulu nezimpawu, kepha ngokungafani nazo, azikwazi ukuhamba emhlabeni, ngoba, ngenxa yezinqubo zokuziphendukela kwemvelo, imilenze yayo yangaphambili iguqulwe ngokuphelele yaba amaphiko, aze afike kwengxenye yemitha, kanti imilenze yangemuva ayikho ngokuphelele.
Ekupheleni komzimba we-dugong kukhona umsila womsila, okhumbuza i-cetacean, okungukuthi, ama-blade ayo amabili ahlukaniswe nge-notch ejulile, okumehluko dugongs kusuka owesilisa, omunye omele iqembu le-siren, umsila walo ofana nesigwedlo esime kahle.
Inhloko yenkomo yasolwandle incane, ayisebenzi, ayinazindlebe futhi inamehlo ajulile. Isifonyo, esinezindebe eziyinyama eziya phansi, sigcina emakhaleni ashubhu ngamakhala avale ama-valve angaphansi kwamanzi. Ama-Dugong athuthuke kahle kakhulu ekuzweni, kepha abona kabi.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ama-dugong, yize eyizilwane ezincelisayo zasemanzini, aziphatha ngokungaphephile ekujuleni kwezilwandle. Ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zihamba kancane. Ijubane elijwayelekile lokuhamba komuntu ngaphansi kwamanzi cishe amakhilomitha ayishumi ngehora.
Ngokuya ngempilo yabo, abayidingi ijubane elikhulu lokuhamba, ama-dugong ayizinambuzane ezidla imifino, ngakho-ke ukuzingela akuhambisani nakho, futhi isikhathi esiningi babhukuda olwandle, bathole ukudla okufana no-algae.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, abantu balezi zilwane bathuthela ezimweni zesimo sezulu esibi samanzi olwandle, lapho kukhona khona ukudla okuningi. Ama-dugong ngokuvamile ahlala yedwa, kepha avame ukuqoqana ngamaqembu amancane abantu abahlanu kuya kwabayishumi ezindaweni lapho kuhlangana khona izimila ezinomsoco.
Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo azibesabi nakancane abantu, ngakho-ke ziningi ezahlukahlukene isithombe se-dugong ingatholakala kalula kwi-Intanethi. Ngokuya ngosayizi wazo nesikhumba esijiyile, azesabi nhlobo ezinye izilwane zasolwandle, ezivele zingazihlaseli.
Kwenzeka ukuthi oshaka abakhulu bazame ukuhlasela amawundlu e-dugong, kepha lapho nje kuvela umama wosana, oshaka babhukuda ngokushesha.
Cishe, ngenxa yokubukeka okunamandla kwalezi zilwane eminyakeni yama-2000, uchungechunge olusha kakhulu lokufika kwaseRussia izikebhe «I-Dugong"Emgodini womoya. Lezi zikebhe, njengezilwane, zinekhala elixegayo ngaphambili.
Ukudla kwe-Dugong
Ama-dugong adla kuphela uhlaza lwasolwandle. Bayithola ezansi kwezilwandle, bayidabule ebusweni baphansi ngomlomo wabo omkhulu ophezulu. Ukudla okulinganiselwa nsuku zonke kwenkomo yasolwandle kungamakhilogremu angamashumi amane ama-algae ahlukahlukene notshani bolwandle.
Ezinduna ezindala zinamazinyo amade aphezulu asezingeni lamazinyo, angakwazi ukuwasiphula kalula phansi ezansi kwesitshalo, ashiye imisele ngemuva kwawo, ekhombisa ukuthi inkomo yasolwandle ibiklaba kule ndawo.
Ama-Dugong achitha isikhathi sabo esiningi efuna ukudla. Zihlala ngaphansi kwamanzi ngaphansi kolwandle imizuzu engafinyelela kwayi-15, bese zintanta phezulu ukuze zithathe umoya ziphinde zicwile phansi ukufuna ukudla.
Imvamisa, abantu baqoqa ulwelwe endaweni ethile, ngaleyo ndlela bazinikeze ukudla okuthile ngekusasa.
Kunezimo lapho, kanye ne-algae, izinhlanzi ezincane kanye nama-crustaceans (izinkalankala, ama-mollusks, njll.) Zingena emzimbeni wesilwane esincelisayo, nawo umzimba wazo owagaya.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ukuthomba izilwane ezincelisayo dugong ukufinyelela ngonyaka weshumi wokuphila. Ayikho isikhathi sokuzalela kanjalo, zingakhwelana unyaka wonke. Ngenkathi yokukhwelana, imvamisa ukubangisana kwabesifazane kwenzeka phakathi kwamadoda, okukhonjiswa ezimpini lapho abesilisa basebenzise ngobuciko ubuthi babo ukulimaza ophikisayo.
Ngemuva kokunqoba kweyodwa kowesilisa, uhamba nowesifazane ukuze akhulelwe. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, ama-dugongs abesilisa awahlanganyeli nhlobo ekukhuliseni nasekuqeqesheni inzalo yabo, ebhukuda kude nabesifazane.
Ukukhulelwa kuma-dugongs abesifazane kuhlala unyaka wonke. Imvamisa, kuzalwa amawundlu amabili, anesisindo esingaba ngamakhilogremu angamashumi amane nobude bomzimba obufinyelela kumitha. Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zondla ngobisi lwensikazi, zihlala naye zihleli njalo emhlane kanina.
Kusukela enyangeni yesithathu yokuphila, ama-dugongs amancane aqala ukudla uhlaza, kepha awaluniki ubisi kuze kube unyaka nengxenye. Lapho sezikhulile, ama-dugong amasha ayayeka ukuhambisana nabesifazane bese eqala ukuphila impilo yawo.
Ngokwesilinganiso, isikhathi sokuphila kwalezi zilwane ezincelisayo cishe siyiminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa, kodwa ngenxa yokuzingelwa kwazo nabantu abambalwa, bambalwa abantu abafinyelela eminyakeni yokuguga.
Ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ngenxa yemisebenzi yabantu, ngekhulu lama-20, inani le-dugong lehle kakhulu. Izinhlobo zazo zifakiwe kwi-International Red Book njengezisengozini. Kuvikelwe izinhlangano zomhlaba jikelele ezifana neGreenPeace.
Ukubanjwa kwalezi zilwane kuvunyelwe ngobuningi obulinganiselwe kusetshenziswa izipunu futhi kuphela kubahlali bendawo abadla inyama, amafutha ngezinhloso zokwelashwa zikazwelonke, futhi benze ubuciko bokukhumbula emathanjeni. Catch dugongs amanethiwekhi avunyelwe.
