Incazelo nezici ze-Oriole
Umndeni wakwa-Oriole wumndeni wezinyoni ezinesilinganiso esiphakathi esikhudlwana kancane kunenkanyezi ebenyezelayo. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-40 zale nyoni, ezihlanganiswe zaba izigaba ezintathu. I-Oriole inyoni enhle kakhulu, ekhanyayo futhi engajwayelekile.
Igama lesayensi izinyoni ze-oriole - U-Oriolus. Kunezinguqulo okungenani ezimbili eziyinhloko zemvelaphi yaleli gama. Ngokwenguqulo eyodwa, leli gama linezimpande zesiLatini futhi lavela, liguqulwe lisuka egameni elifanayo elithi "aureolus", elisho ukuthi "igolide". Cishe, leli gama kanye nomlando wokwakheka kwawo kuhlotshaniswa nombala ogqamile wale nyoni.
Uhlobo lwesibili lususelwa ekulingiseni ingoma engajwayelekile edlalwa yi-Oriole. Igama lenyoni lakhiwa ngenxa ye-onomatopia. Igama lesiRussia - i-oriole, ngokusho kososayensi, lakhiwa ngamagama athi "vologa" kanye "nomswakama". Ezinsukwini zakudala, i-Oriole yayithathwa njengesibonakaliso sesixwayiso sokuthi imvula iyeza maduze.
Umzimba we-Oriole ucishe ube ngamasentimitha angama-25 ubude futhi unamaphiko angamasentimitha angama-45. Isisindo somzimba senyoni sincike ezinhlotsheni, kodwa sisebangeni lama-50-90 amagremu. Umzimba wale nyoni uvulekile kancane, umzimba awunakubizwa ngokuthi wehlisiwe.
I-dimorphism yezocansi ilandelwa kumbala we-oriole. Eyesilisa ikhanya kakhulu futhi ivelele kwezinye izinyoni eziningi. Umbala womzimba wakhe uphuzi ngokugqamile, uyigolide, kepha izimpiko nomsila kumnyama. Onqenqemeni lomsila namaphiko, amachashazi amancane aphuzi ayabonakala - amachashazi. Kusukela emlonyeni kuye esweni, kukhona "amatomu" - umucu omnyama omnyama, ongathi kwezinye izinhlobo ezingaphansi ungadlula ngamehlo.
Insikazi nayo inemibala egqamile, kodwa noma kunjalo izimpaphe zayo zehlukile kwezeduna. Phezulu kwe-oriole yesifazane kuphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani, kepha phansi kumhlophe ngemigqa emide yombala omnyama. Izimpiko zinombala oluhlaza okotshani. Umbala wezinyoni ezisencane ufana kakhulu nowesifazane, kepha ngaphansi kukhona mnyama.
Njengoba kubonakala, izimpaphe ze-oriole elikhanyayo, yize linokwehluka okuthile kobulili nobudala, cishe akunakwenzeka ukudida le nyoni nezinye. Ngisho kuqhubeke isithombe se-oriole kubukeka buhle futhi buqhakazile, ngoba izimpaphe ezinjalo azinakunakwa.
Uqhwaku lwababili ubulili lunomumo ohlukile, luqinile impela futhi lude. Uqhwaku ludwetshwe ngokunsundu ngokubomvu. Ukundiza kwale nyoni nakho kunezici zayo, kuyashesha futhi kuyagagadla.
Ijubane elijwayelekile linezinkomba ezingama-40-45 km ngehora, kepha kokunye inyoni ingaqala ijubane lokundiza elifinyelela kuma-70 km ngehora. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi izinyoni azivamile ukundiza ziye obala, zithanda kakhulu ukucasha emiqhele yezihlahla.
U-Oriole unezwi elihlukile futhi uyakwazi ukucula ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Kwesinye isikhathi inyoni ingakhipha ukukhala okunesizungu, okubukhali futhi okungewona okomculo ngokuphelele. Kwesinye isikhathi izwi le-oriole lifana nemisindo yomtshingo nezimpempe zomculo ezizwakalayo, u-oriole uyacula into efana nokuthi: "fiu-liu-li". Kwezinye izimo, imisindo efana kakhulu ne-creaking ikhona, futhi i-oriole nayo ingabenza ngokungazelelwe.
Isimo nendlela yokuphila yama-Oriole
U-Oriole uhlala esimweni sezulu esifudumele se-hemisphere esenyakatho. I-oriole idala izidleke zayo eYurophu nase-Asia, kuze kufike eYenisei. Kepha ebusika, ikhetha ukufuduka, inqobe amabanga amade, izimpukane zase-Oriole ziya ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Asia nase-Afrika, eningizimu yoGwadule iSahara.
Ukuphila okunethezekile, ama-Oriole akhetha amahlathi anezihlahla ezinde, futhi azinza nasezihlahleni ze-birch, willow kanye ne-poplar. Izifunda ezomile azifanele kakhulu i-Oriole, kepha lapha ingatholakala ezihlahleni zemifula, kulapha lapho inyoni izizwa kahle futhi ingakhathazeki ngempilo yayo. Kwesinye isikhathi i-oriole ingatholakala nasehlathini likaphayini elinotshani.
Yize kunezimpaphe ezigqamile nezibonakala zishaya, le nyoni kunzima ukuyibona endle. Njengomthetho, i-oriole icasha emqhele womuthi omude, ngakho-ke le nyoni ichitha isikhathi sayo esiningi.
Kodwa i-oriole nayo ayithandi amahlathi amnyama futhi aminyene. Kwesinye isikhathi ungabona le nyoni eduze komuzi womuntu, ngokwesibonelo, engadini, noma epaki enomthunzi, noma ebhande lehlathi, elivame ukwelula imigwaqo.
Okwe-Oriole, ukutholakala kwamanzi eduze kwendawo ehlala kuyo kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba, ikakhulukazi abesilisa, abakunaki ukubhukuda. Kulokhu, kufana nokukhumbuza izinkonjane lapho ziwela ngaphezulu kwamanzi ukucwila. Lo msebenzi uletha injabulo enkulu ezinyonini.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo kwase-Oriole
Isikhathi sokukhwelana sama-Oriole siwela entwasahlobo, imvamisa ngoMeyi abesilisa sebevele bafika, kulandelwa abesifazane. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa uziphatha njengomfutho, ekhombisa futhi engajwayelekile. Uheha owesifazane futhi ambheke, ezama ukuzibonakalisa ohlangothini olunenzuzo kakhulu. Izimpukane zesilisa, zizungeza ngokoqobo okhethiweyo wayo, zeqe zisuka egatsheni ziye egatsheni, zilandele insikazi.
Ukhuthele futhi uyacula ngazo zonke izindlela, ushaya amaphiko akhe, welula umsila wakhe, enze iziqu ezingacabangi emoyeni, njenge-aerobatics. Abesilisa abaningana bangalwela ukunakwa kwabesifazane, ukuthandana okunjalo kukhula kube yizimpi zangempela, ngoba owesilisa ngamunye uyayigada ngokucophelela indawo yakhe futhi afinyelele ukunakwa kowesifazane. Lapho insikazi iphindisela, ishaya umlozi futhi izungezise umsila wayo ngokuthula.
Lo mbhangqwana wakhekile, okusho ukuthi udinga ukunakekela ukwakha isidleke sakusasa. inzalo ye-oriole... Isidleke silukiwe njengebhasikidi elenga elenziwe ngamahlangothi ayisiyingi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusetshenziswa izingongolo zotshani, amagxolo e-birch nemichilo yesinqe. Ngaphakathi phansi kwesidleke kubekiwe nge-fluff, uboya bezilwane, amahlamvu omile kanye nezindwangu.
Umsebenzi ngababili uhlukanisiwe futhi ngamunye unemithwalo yemfanelo yakhe, owesilisa uthola izinto zokwakha, kanti owesifazane kufanele anakekele ukwakhiwa. Owesifazane unaka ngokukhethekile ukunamathiselwa kwesidleke, ngoba imvamisa sibekwa phezulu esihlahleni futhi ngisho nomoya onamandla kakhulu akufanele usidabule isidleke.
Ngokuvamile kunamaqanda ama-4 ku-clutch, kepha angaba khona ama-3 no-5. Amaqanda anemibala ngombala obucayi omhlophe-opinki noma omhlophe-ukhilimu, kanti ngaphezulu kwesinye isikhathi kunamabala amnyama obomvu-nsundu. Inzalo ifukanyiswa kakhulu ngowesifazane, kanti owesilisa uyamnakekela ukondleka kwakhe, kwesinye isikhathi angathatha indawo yowesifazane isikhathi esifushane. Lokhu kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-15 kuze kuvele amaphuphu.
Izingane zizalwa zingaboni futhi zimbozwe kancane nge-yellow fluff. Manje abazali banakekela ukondleka kwamachwane, ngoba babalethela amacimbi, kuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana bathele amajikijolo ekudleni. Abazali bangenza okuphakelayo okungaba ngamakhulu amabili ngosuku. Abazali bandizela phezulu esidlekeni ngesisulu sabo kuze kube izikhathi eziyi-15 ngehora, lona ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu. Cishe ezinsukwini eziyi-17 emva kokuzalwa, amaphuphu angakwazi ukuzindiza ngokwawo futhi athole ukudla kwawo.
Ukudla kwase-Oriole
Ukudla kwase-Oriole siqukethe zombili izingxenye zezitshalo nezakhi zemvelaphi yezilwane. Ukudla kuqukethe inqwaba yamacimbi, izimvemvane, ojekamanzi, omiyane, izimbungulu, imibhede yezihlahla, nezinhlobo ezithile zesicabucabu. Ukudla okunjalo kubaluleke kakhulu ezinyonini, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.
Ukudla kwezitshalo nakho kudlala indima enkulu ekudleni kwe-oriole. Izinyoni zithanda ukuzitika ngama-cherry, amagilebhisi, ama-currants, i-bird cherry, amapheya, amakhiwane. Ukondla izinyoni kwenzeka ekuseni kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi iqiniso lingaqhubeka lize lifike ngesikhathi sasemini, kepha kungakadluli amahora ayi-15.
