I-Grouse: mayelana nenyoni encane yamahlathi amakhulu
Hazel grouse - akuyona nje umdlalo omnandi othandwa ngama-gourmets, kepha, ngaphezu kwakho konke, inyoni yehlathi eyaziwayo e-Eurasia.
Incazelo nezici ze-hazel grouse
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-black grouse, i-hazel grouse ingummeleli omncane kunabo bonke, inkulu kancane kunejuba, isisindo sabantu abakhulu sifinyelela ngaphezulu kuka-500 amagremu. Izihlobo zakhe eziseduze kakhulu yi-grouse yezinkuni, i-black grouse, i-partridge.
Le nyoni ibeka igama layo ngombala omuhle futhi obonakalayo: izimpaphe ezimpunga, ezibomvu, ezimnyama, ezimhlophe, ezinsundu zakha ingubo yokufihla eyingqayizivele. Kepha buqamama, le nyoni ibonakala ibomvu-mpunga, icishe ibe nge-monochromatic, okwenza kube lula "ukuncibilika" endaweni yokuhlala.
Umlomo uqine, ubukhali, umnyama, ulingana no-1 cm, ugobile kancane. Izidladla ezimpunga ezine ezikuvumela ukuba uhambe ngokuzethemba emhlabathini. Ikhanda elincane elinesici esihlekisayo, elikhuphuka liphezulu uma kwenzeka i-alamu, alihambelani nevolumu ephelele.
Amehlo amnyama we-hazel grouse anqamule nomugqa obomvu ogqamile. Abesilisa banendawo emnyama entanyeni, kanti abesifazane banebala elimpunga, nxazonke kukhona izimpaphe ezimhlophe.
Owesilisa ovela kowesifazane we-hazel grouse angahlukaniswa ngombala wezimpaphe zomngcele wamehlo
Hazel grouse - inyoni athule. Kungenzeka ukuzwa izwi lakhe, elifana nempempe encane, eyakhiwe yimisindo emibili emide futhi engazelelwe, phakathi nesikhathi samanje, kanye nasekwindla. I-alamu ye-hazel grouse izwakala njenge-gurgling trills.
NgoSepthemba kwahanjiswa ukuzingela i-hazel grouse, lapho abesilisa benomhawu ngokuqapha indawo yabo kubantu abancintisana nabo futhi bagijimela emabhikisheni uma bezwa izwi lembangi.
Abazingeli badinga ukubheka inyamazane ekuseni noma kusihlwa kusihlwa ezindaweni ezinqwabelene kakhulu ezinokhuni olufile olungezwa kanye namahlathi angaweleki. Uphawu lwendawo yokuhlala yale nyoni kungaba yizimpahla zokubhukuda ezisemhlabathini, ngesimo semigodi yothuli yokuhlanza izimpaphe.
Akwanele ukuthi umzingeli abe nakho ukukhohlisa kwe-hazel grouse, umuntu kufanele abe nendlebe enhle, acishe abe ngumculo, futhi aqaphele kakhulu. Uma ukwazi ukukhipha owesilisa ngaphandle, angandiza angene noma eze egijima nerustle emaqabungeni ekwindla. Abesifazane cishe abaphenduli kuma-decoys.
Ibanjwe isimanga, i-hazel grouse iyabaleka, icashe emahlathini, noma indize ngomsindo futhi indize ibale ngokujika ibanga elingamamitha angama-50-200, ichitheka phakathi kwezihlahla.
Ingacasha emagatsheni aphakathi ama-conifers, icindezele isiqu, ukuhlangana nayo ngombala. Ku-groy hazel grouse isabela kakhulu ekwindla ngakho-ke, uSepthemba yisikhathi esiyinhloko sokuzingela.
I-hazel grouse inezitha eziningi emvelweni. Kuyisilwane esihlwabusayo samaMartens, ama-wolverine, amasabuli, izimpungushe, i-ermine, oklebe nezinye izidalwa. Kepha ngaphezu kwabanye, abantu baqothula i-grouse. Le nyoni isiphenduke into ethandwayo ekuzingelweni kwezemidlalo; isikhathi eside, ukudotshwa kwezimboni bekwenziwa ukuthunyelwa kwezidumbu kwamanye amazwe.
Kwezinye izindawo, inani le-hazel grouse lincishiswe kakhulu, futhi kuye kwavela ukuvinjelwa kokudubula. Kepha ngokujwayelekile, akukho songo sokuqothulwa kwama-hazel grouse, inani lawo ezweni lethu likhulu kakhulu.
Isimo kanye nendlela yokuphila ye-hazel grouse
I-hazel grouse isatshalaliswa cishe kulo lonke elaseRussia; iningi lemfuyo yalo yomhlaba itholakala lapha. Izindawo ezihlala kuzo zingamahlathi aminyene axubene nezihlahlana eziminyene, izikhubekiso zomoya namahlathi. Ihlala eduze nemizimba emincane yamanzi: imifudlana, lapho kuhlangana khona, imifula egcwele nezindawo eziphansi.
Le nyoni ihola impilo enakekela kakhulu futhi eyimfihlo. Ayikwazi ukutholakala emahlathini amancane, amapaki, izinkambu noma amaxhaphozi. Indawo ekahle yama-hazel grouse iyihlathi elicinene lesi-spruce eligxishwe ama-birches, i-aspens, i-alder, evumela ukondla nokunikeza ukuvikelwa.
I-Grouse ihola impilo yokuhlala phansi, ngaphandle kwezindiza ezihamba amabanga amade kanye nokufuduka kwesizini. Uchitha isikhathi sakhe esiningi emhlabathini. Le nyoni inezitho zomzimba zokuzwa kanye nombono. Zigijima kahle futhi ngokushesha uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, yize kudingeka uma zingahamba ngamamitha angama-300-400.
Umsebenzi entwasahlobo efudumele nasehlobo ubonakaliswa ekudleni okuphumuzayo ekuseni nangaphambi kokushona kwelanga. Emini, bakhetha ukuphumula emagatsheni avundlile ezihlahla, kaningi ngezidladla ze-spruce, bacindezele esiqwini ukuze baphephe. Kuyaqabukela ukuthi bahlale eziqongweni, bakhethe ukuba sezingeni eliphakeme lezihlahla.
Izinyoni zihlala ngazimbili noma zodwa. Owesilisa ngamunye unendawo yakhe, ayigadayo. Umnikazi uhlangana nabephula umngcele ngokuduma okukhulu, kepha ukudiliza ama-hazel grouse ngenxa yensimu akuvamile.
Njengezinye izihlobo, ama-hazel grouses enza ukugeza esihlabathini noma othulini ukuhlanza izimpaphe zawo kuma-parasites. Enye inqubo yenhlanzeko "izintuthwane". AmaHazel grouses angena ezintuthwaneni ukuze izintuthwane ezihlasela, zivikele impahla yazo, zifafaze izimpaphe zazo nge-acid.
Ngenxa yezimpaphe zayo ezimibalabala, i-hazel grouse kulula ukuyifihla ehlathini
Isikhathi sasebusika siba isivivinyo esinzima ezinyonini. Ukudla kuyehla, izinyoni zihamba kancane, zigcinwa ngamaqembu amancane anamakhanda afinyelela kwali-10 ezindaweni lapho usengondla khona. Benza izindiza ezifushane ezimfushane ama-1-2 izikhathi ngosuku futhi bacashe.
Ngokubanda okubandayo, izimpaphe ziba zimbi kakhulu, ngisho nezidladla zimbozwe ngazo, kuvela iziqu ezengeziwe zezikali ze-horny emilenzeni, ziqinisa iminwe yokuhamba ebusika. Lapho kuvela ikhava leqhwa elingu-15-20 cm, ama-hazel grouses aqala ukungena eqhweni.
Zondla ezihlahleni ezinamaqabunga afriziwe noma ama-catkins, bese zingena eqhweni elixegayo ukuze zifudumise ukudla okutholakale ku-goiter ngokushisa kwazo.
IHazel grouse ebusika uchitha ubusuku emagatsheni acinene wesihlahla sonwele noma ezindaweni zokukhosela zeqhwa. Ngezidladla namaphiko, yenza ukuhamba okude, zifinyelela kumamitha amaningana futhi ziza ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene: ama-zigzags, i-horseshoe, iqonde.
Ngentwasahlobo, izinyoni ezisindile zinezimpaphe - imikhondo yemizamo esetshenzisiwe. Ekujuleni komgodi, kwakhiwa umgodi noma indawo yokwakha isidleke, lapho kufihlwe khona i-hazel grouse. Umnyango umbozwe yiqhwa, elinyakaziswa ikhanda.
Ukushisa endaweni yokukhosela ebusika kugcinwa njalo ku-4-50... Uma ikhula, izimpaphe zisongelwa ngokumanziswa. Lapho-ke i-hazel grouse yenza iwindi ngekhanda ukwehlisa izinga. Izinyoni eziningi zifa ebusika ngesikhathi sokubamba, lapho kwakheka uqweqwe. Azikwazi ukuphuma emigodini noma zicashe eqhweni ukuze zibalekele amakhaza noma izidumbu.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha nokulindelwa kwempilo kwe-hazel grouse
Akulula ukuhlukanisa phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane i-hazel grouse, yize kuqashelwa ukuthi insikazi incane, umqolo uphansi, impempe ithule du. Njengoba sezikhethe umbhangqwana, izinyoni azihlukani isikhathi eside. Azinayo imisinga emikhulu. Indoda ngayinye ihlala endaweni yayo, ixosha abaphikisi endaweni yayo.
Izidleke zeGrouse kunzima kakhulu ukuzithola. Zakhiwe emhlabathini ezindaweni ezifihlekile phakathi kwezihlahla noma ngaphansi kwenqwaba yezinkuni ezifile. Lokhu ukucindezeleka okuncane okumbozwe amaqabunga notshani. Insikazi ivame ukufukamela amaqanda ayi-7-9 kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-21-25. Owesilisa uvikela isiza futhi anakekele owesifazane.
Amachwane achanyuswayo ayoma, kanti insikazi iyashesha ukuyikhipha elangeni. Amachwane adla izinambuzane, kamuva ashintshele ekutshaleni ukudla. Zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngemuva kwenyanga baqala ukundiza, futhi ngemuva kwezimbili bazimela ngokuphelele.
Amaphuphu e-Grouse ngokushesha azimele
Amacala achazwa lapho kushona owesifazane, kanti u-hazel grouse-baba wayenakekela amaphuphu. Izinyoni zikulungele ukuzala zinonyaka owodwa. Ngokwemvelo, isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwama-hazel grouse siyiminyaka engu-8-10.
Gaya ukudla
Isisekelo sokudla kwe-hazel grouse ukudla kwesitshalo: izitshalo ezinomsoco, imbewu yazo, i-clover, ama-strawberry, ama-blueberries, ama-lingonberries. Ukudla kwezilwane nakho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwazo. Ehlobo, badla mabhungane, izicabucabu, izintuthwane, ama-slugs, izinambuzane.
Njengezinye izihlobo, ama-hazel grouse adinga ukuvakasha, i.e. amatshe amancane noma amathambo aqinile asebenza njengamatshe okusila, agaya okuqukethwe esiswini. Ngakho-ke, izinyoni ziqoqa imbewu yethambo, zivuke okhalweni, futhi zithole amatshe e-limestone eduze kweziqu.
IHazel grouse ekwindla kuvame ukudla amajikijolo e-rowan namantongomane ephayini, futhi ebusika kugcinwa ngamahlumela nama-catkins ezitshalo ezinamakhaza, imbewu evela kuzigaxa ze-spruce, izeluleko zamagatsha amancane. Ukudla kwasebusika akunamsoco, ngakho-ke kufanele ukudle ngobuningi.
Njengoba kunikezwe intshisekelo enkulu kuma-hazel grouses njengomdlalo obalulekile, abaningi bazama ukufuya izinyoni ekuthunjweni, babheke phambili ekuzameni izindlela zokupheka ezahlukahlukene kusuka enyameni ye-hazel grouse. Kodwa okuhlukile ukuthi ngisho nasezimweni ezinhle, zibekela amaqanda, kodwa ungawafukameli.
Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokufukamela, okungenani, bekufanele ithenjwe izinkukhu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezimo eziningi lapho ama-hazel grouses abaleka ezivalekile nganoma yiliphi ithuba. Nansi inyoni yamahhala ye-hazel grouse!
