Iphela elimhlophe iminyaka eminingi zidale imizwa eminingi engemihle nokunengeka cishe kuwo wonke umuntu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bavame ukutholakala endlini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingabantu abathwala izifo. Kodwa amaphela amhlophe nawo adala ukudideka okuningi, ngoba angatholakala ngokungavamile kakhulu. Eqinisweni, azizona izinhlobo ezihlukile zezinambuzane - into efanayo ijwayelekile ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene ngesikhathi se-molting.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Iphela elimhlophe
Kunzima impela ukuhlangana nezilwane ezimhlophe ezimsulwa emvelweni. Lokhu kusebenza kunoma yiluphi uhlobo, kubandakanya namaphela. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi umqondo ohlangene wama- "albino" (izifo ezihlobene nezakhi zofuzo lapho kungekho khona ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin - isikhumba sombala).
Kunezici ezahlukahlukene zalesi simo. Kepha maqondana namaphela, isizathu ngokuvamile sihluke ngokuphelele. Kunoma ikuphi, umuntu kufanele aqonde ukuthi lapho ehlangana nephela elimhlophe, empeleni, umuntu uhlala esebenza ngePrusak ejwayelekile. Isizathu salo mbala ongajwayelekile ukuthi iphela linegobolondo elicinene elingakwazi ukwelula noma ukukhula nesilwane. Yingakho kufanele achithe le ngubo enamachashazi. Okusho ukuthi, ukuhlangana nephela elimhlophe, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi sekudlule amahora ambalwa nje ngemuva kwe-molt.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, imibala engavamile ingahlotshaniswa nezinye izizathu eziningi. Isibonelo, uma amaphela evezwe ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali anolaka, ikhava yawo ingashintshwa. Ukufakwa kwe-chlorine kungakhanyisa igobolondo le-chitinous. Yingakho, uma endlini benquma ukufaka ushevu ezinambuzaneni ngamakhambi wesintu, umuntu kufanele alungele imiphumela enjalo engalindelekile. Okufanayo kusebenza emiphumeleni yemithamo emikhulu yemisebe emzimbeni weqhude.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Libukeka kanjani iphela elimhlophe
Iphela elimhlophe lihlukaniswa ukubonakala kwalo okumangazayo ngenxa yomthunzi walo. Eqinisweni, kungaba ummeleli wezinhlobonhlobo zale arthropods. Ngokuya ngohlobo lommeleli ongowakhe, imingcele yayo incike. Lokhu ikakhulukazi ngombala (uvame ukuba nsundu noma mnyama), kanye nobude bomzimba. Amaphela angakhula kusuka kusentimitha elilodwa kuya ku-15 cm ubude.
Njengoba amaphela aba mhlophe ngesikhathi se-molting, izici zokubukeka zibangelwa ngqo ukungabikho kwegobolondo. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda, umzimba wabo uba mncane. Ngenxa yokushoda kokuvikelwa okukhethekile, kubukeka kufiphele kakhulu. Kalula nje, akukho ukuqokwa okusobala kwesimo. Amaphela cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi anezintshebe ezinde nomzimba ovundlile oval.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Amaphela anamaphiko. Akhiwa isibaya setinous. Kepha azisebenzi nhlobo.
Ukubukeka kuhluke kakhulu kumaphela, kuya ngohlobo okukhulunywa ngalo. Isibonelo, ama-Prusaks ngokuvamile aweqi ubude obungu-2-3 cm, kanti amaphela amakhulu amnyama angafika ku-10 cm.Imihlathi yamaphela ithuthuke kakhulu, ngoba umlomo unezinsimbi ezihlabayo. Isinambuzane sithatha ukudla ngezidladla zaso zangaphambili sikuqondise emlonyeni. Amaphela amhlophe anomzimba ohlukanisiwe ngesikhathi se-molting. Ngemuva kokuthi i-carapace ibuyiselwe, izingxenye ngeke zisakwazi ukuhlukaniswa.
Ihlala kuphi iphela elimhlophe?
Isithombe: Iphela elimhlophe efulethini
Amaphela aphakathi kwabamele kakhulu imfuyo. Kunzima ngokwedlulele ukuthola indawo emhlabeni lapho bengekho. Ngisho nasezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, baphatha kalula ukusinda, bazijwayeza yonke into. Kungakho kunzima kakhulu ukukhomba isifunda esithile lapho kuhlala khona amaphela. Bangahlala ezindlini kunoma yiliphi idolobha, kunoma yiliphi izwekazi.
Uma sikhuluma ngamaphela amhlophe, okungukuthi, ajwayelekile phakathi nesikhathi se-molting, kaningi bazama ukucasha, bekhetha le ngxenye emnyama emnyama. Akukho ukuncibilika kuphela - bazama ukulinda kuze kube yileso sikhathi, kuze kube yilapho kwakhiwa igobolondo elinamandla ngokwanele ukuze bakwazi ukuzivikela.
Igumbi lokugezela, ukubeka ngemuva kwefenisha nangaphansi kosinki, imiphini yomoya, amasela - lezi yizindawo lapho ungathola khona ama-arthropods. Ngale ndlela, lapho bezikhethela izindawo zokuhlala ezifanele, bazama ukugxila kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amanzi nokudla kutholakala eduze kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Uketshezi nezakhi zomzimba yilokho okudingwa yizinambuzane, ikakhulukazi ngenkathi kwakhiwa igobolondo le-chitinous. Ebumnyameni, bangaphuma ezindlini zokukhosela futhi bahambe ngokukhululeka bezungeze ikhishi lapho kubhekiswa khona udoti, abaphakela izilwane.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Imvamisa ukuvela kwamaphela amhlophe kukhombisa ukuthi inani labantu lenyukile.
Lidlani iphela elimhlophe?
Isithombe: Iphela elincane elimhlophe
Iphela elimhlophe, ngoba okwamanje liqala ukuncibilika, lidinga okuqukethwe okwengeziwe kwezakhamzimba noketshezi. Lezi zinambuzane azidlile ngokweqile ekudleni. Eqinisweni, zingadla noma yini. Noma iyiphi imfucuza iyakhanga kubo. Kungaba isinkwa, imifino, kepha iningi lama-arthropods lithanda amaswidi. Ukubhaka, ushukela - yilokhu okuzoba yisibiliboco sangempela kubo.
Amaphela awakudeleli ngokuphelele noma ikuphi ukudla okutholakala ekhishini lomuntu. Kungakho ukunakwa kuhlale kugxile esidingweni sokuzihlanza, hhayi ukushiya ukudla okusele etafuleni. Isizathu ukuthi yilokhu okuheha ikakhulukazi izinambuzane, ekugcineni kuvuse ukuzala kwazo okukhulu kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngisho nasemindenini ehlanzekile ikakhulukazi, inkinga efanayo ingenzeka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaphela akhululekile ukuthola ukudla emathinini kadoti. Kungakho ukuchithelwa phansi komhlaba kuyindawo yabo eyinhloko ngaphandle kwamakhaya.
Njengoba iphela, njenganoma yisiphi esinye isidalwa esiphilayo, lingenakwenza ngaphandle kokudla, uma lihlala emgwaqweni, liyaphoqeleka ukuthola ukudla eduze kwalapho kuhlala khona abantu. Kungakho amaphela asengatholakala kaningi emadolobheni. Ngendlela, empeleni, ama-Prusaks ansundu avame ukuba yizakhamizi zezindlu namafulethi. Amaphela amnyama ayivelakancane emakhaya. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ingadla nezinambuzane ezincane, izinsalela zemifino ewile, izithelo, amajikijolo.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Iphela elimhlophe elisobala
Amaphela avame ukuhlala emakoloni amakhulu, ezama ukuthola indawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile. Azinabo ubukhosi obucacile. Yize uvame ukuthola imininingwane ukuthi inabantu ababusayo, kanye nalabo ababatholayo. Amaphela awanawo amakhono akhethekile, kanye namakhono. Yingakho lezi zinambuzane zingathathwa njengezihleleke kakhulu.
Bahlala ikakhulu endlini yabantu noma eduze nayo. Njengoba lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sokudla okwanele kulawa ma-arthropods. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abanazo izindlela zokuphila ezikhethekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphela angabathwali bezifo ezithathelwanayo eziyingozi njenge-disinfection, defthyria, ubuthi obuhlukahlukene obuhlukahlukene nezifo zesikhumba. Yingakho kube nomzabalazo onamandla kangaka wokulwa nabo ohlangothini lwabantu iminyaka eminingi.
Amaphela cishe ahlala ebusuku. Azisebenzi kangako emini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bathanda ukufihla abantu. Yingakho kunzima ukubathola emini.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinambuzane eziningi, amaphela awahlali ebusika. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bahlala eduze nendawo yokuhlala abantu ngakho-ke banikezwa amanzi anele, isiphuzo nezimo zokuphila ezinethezekile unyaka wonke. Ukuzala kabusha kulezi zingqimba zamathambo ngakho-ke nakho kwenzeka unyaka wonke, ngaphandle komjikelezo kuye ngesizini.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Iphela elimnyama nelimhlophe
Amaphela azala kakhulu futhi ngobuningi bawo.
Ukuze benze lokhu, badinga:
- ukudla;
- amanzi;
- ubumnyama;
- ngokufudumele.
Izinambuzane zifa emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Amade abekezelela kangcono kakhulu. Kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-50 iphela lingenza ngaphandle kokudla, ngaphandle kwamanzi 5. Kepha uma sikhuluma ngesikhathi sokuzala, ngalesi sikhathi kudingeka izakhamzimba eziningi kakhulu. Owesifazane ngamunye ovuthiwe ngokobulili uzala kuze kube izikhathi ezi-5 empilweni yakhe. Ngamunye ukhiqiza abantu abangafika kwabangu-50. Lapho insikazi ifinyelela ekuvuthweni, iqala ukunciphisa uhlobo lwephunga lokuheha abesilisa. Ngokulandelayo, bathola insikazi bese befaka umquba kuyo.
Insikazi ifinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi cishe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, wonke amaqanda anqwabelene avundiswa. Emva kwalokho, i-cocoon iqala ukwakha, lapho izibungu zigcinwa khona cishe amasonto amathathu. Lapho ziba namandla, insikazi ziyilahla endaweni eseceleni, lapho izibungu ziqhubeka nokukhula khona zivele ngaphandle ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa. Amaphela asanda kuzalwa amhlophe ngombala. Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, zizomnyama.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kwezinye izinhlobo zangaphandle, ukukhulelwa kungahlala ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Cishe azikho izinto ezinobuthi ezinomthelela ekubambeni kweqanda. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukucubungula indlu kaningana ukuze ubhubhise abantu abachanyuselwe.
Izitha zemvelo zamaphela amhlophe
Isithombe: Libukeka kanjani iphela elimhlophe
Isitha esiyinhloko sazo zonke izinhlobo zamaphela, kufaka phakathi lawo e-molting, ngumuntu. Lokhu kuyaqondakala, ngoba sekuyiminyaka eminingi kuliwa impi enzima evulekile nezinambuzane. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amakhambi esintu, izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zamakhemikhali, kanye nobuthi. Kulokhu, konke lokhu kuyingozi ikakhulukazi kumuntu uqobo.
Futhi, ubuthi buyingozi ezilwaneni ezifuywayo, okuvame ukuba yizisulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikhulumi ngokudla imikhiqizo enobuthi kuphela, kodwa futhi nangezinambuzane uqobo, eziyimithombo yokutheleleka uma kwenzeka zibulawa ubuthi. Ngokudla izidumbu zamaphela anoshevu, ikati noma inja nayo ingathola ubuthi obukhulu. Kodwa hhayi emafulethini nasezindlini kuphela, kodwa futhi nasezimweni zemvelo zephela, kunezingozi eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezilindelwe.
Izitha zabo ezimbi kakhulu zifaka:
- izimfudu;
- izinyoka;
- izibankwa;
- voles;
- ama-mantises okuthandaza;
- ofezela;
- ama-hedgehogs;
- izinyoni;
- amagundane;
- arachnids.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphela angadlana kalula, ahlasele izihlobo ezibuthakathaka.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Kwamanye amazwe, amaphela athathwa njengezinambuzane zasekhaya. Izinhlobo ezithile ze-arthropod ziyisibiliboco osithandayo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Iphela elimhlophe
Inani lamaphela kanye nePrusaks kumane kukhulu. Futhi ngaphambili kwakukhula njalo. Ngaphandle kobuningi bezinyathelo ezahlukahlukene abantu abazithathile ukulwa nama-arthropods, inani labo lisanda kuqala ukwehla. Phambilini, bebengaphezulu kakhulu kwabo. Manje sekuvele kungenzeka ukubakhipha ezindaweni eziningi, kepha noma kunjalo, kusekuningi kwabo. Lokhu kungenxa yokonakala kwemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kocwaningo ngemisebe.
Kwakunenkulumo yokuthi iphela elimnyama kufanele lifakwe ohlwini lweRed Book njengezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Kepha leli bhizinisi alizange liqhubekele phambili. Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zakwamanye amazwe ziyaziwa njengalezo ezingaphansi kokuvikelwa ngenxa yenani elincipha ngokushesha. Noma, uma sikhuluma ikakhulukazi ngamaphela amhlophe, okwamanje okwamanje basengozini enkulu, kepha-ke, akukho zinyathelo ezingeziwe ezizothathwa ukuze zivikelwe.
Manje inani lamaphela kanye nePrusaks lincipha ngokushesha, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi kukhona ohlela ukuvikela lezi zinhlobo. Abantu babaluleke kakhulu noma kunjalo. Ngakho-ke akukufanele ukukhuluma ngengozi yokuqothulwa kohlobo. Isizathu ukukhiqiza okukhulu nokumelana kwabantu nezinto ezinolaka zangaphandle.
Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuphawulwe futhi ukuthi iphela elimhlophe akuyona into ekhethekile, uhlobo oluhlukile, noma ummeleli oyingozi kakhulu. Eqinisweni, laba bameleli nje abajwayelekile bezinhlobo phakathi nesikhathi sokuchitha igobolondo labo le-chitinous. Abantu bebelokhu belwa namaphela isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke bavame ukubhekwa kuphela ngombono wokuthi ungawaqeda kanjani ngokushesha okukhulu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 01/31/2020
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 08.10.2019 ngo-21: 53
