Iningi labamele umndeni we-titmouse laziwa kuwo wonke umuntu. Ama-titmice amancane ahlala eduze kwabantu; kunzima ukubadida nezinye izinyoni. Enye yezinyoni ezingavamile kakhulu ze-titmouse yile i-crested tit... Izakhamizi zazi okuningi ngaye, kodwa edolobheni lezi zinyoni azijwayelene kakhulu nabantu. Abaningi abaqapheli ngisho neziqu ezinjalo phakathi kokuqongelelwa kwezinye izinyoni zedolobha: izingodo, amajayi, amagwababa, ondlunkulu, amajuba. Yini ephawuleka kangaka ngamatiti aqhekekile? Imininingwane yempilo, ukubukeka, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-titmouse ahlanganisiwe kungatholakala kule ncwadi.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Crested Tit
I-crested tit iyinyoni encane kakhulu. Uyilungu leqembu elidlulayo, umndeni we-tit. Lezi zinyoni zikhonjwa ohlotsheni oluhlukile - "AmaCrested Tits". NgesiLatin, igama lalesi silwane lizwakala njengeLophophanes cristatus. Lesi silwane sibizwa nangokuthi i-grenadier. Ithole leli gama ngenxa yesikhumba, esibukeka kakhulu njengesigqoko se-grenadier. Ama-grenadiers aphila ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa neshumi nesishiyagalombili. Kwakungamasosha asezingeni eliphakeme.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Indawo eyinhloko yama-grenadiers ngamahlathi e-coniferous. Lezi zinyoni ezincane ziletha izinzuzo eziningi ehlathini. Bacekela phansi izinambuzane eziyingozi ngamanani amakhulu, besindisa izihlahla ekufeni okuthile.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-crested tits kanye nabajwayelekile ubukhona be-crest. Kubonakala kakhulu, kuqukethe izimpaphe ezimhlophe ezinemigqa eguqukayo yegrey. I-grenadier, njengayo yonke i-titmouse, incane kakhulu. Ubude bomzimba wakhe abuvamile ukudlula amasentimitha ayishumi nanye. Usayizi wayo ungaqhathaniswa ne-tit eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ividiyo: Crested Tit
I-Titmice enezicucu ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zama-titmouse hhayi ekubukekeni kwawo kuphela. Kukhona futhi umehluko wendlela yokuphila. Isibonelo, izinyoni ezi-crested zivame kakhulu ukuhlala impilo yokuhlala. Kuyaqabukela zizulazule, kuphela ngesikhathi sezulu esibi kakhulu noma ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla endaweni yazo. Ama-titmouses azulazula kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni: amaphuphu, ama-kinglets.
Kunezinhlobo eziyisikhombisa zama-grenadiers emvelweni:
- c. cristatus;
- c. abadiei;
- c. mitratus;
- c. i-scoticus Prazák;
- c. bureschi;
- c. weigoldi;
- c. baschkirikus Snigirewski.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Sibukeka kanjani isiqu secrested
I-Titmouse ene-tuft inezici zangaphandle ezihlukile:
- usayizi omncane. Lezi zinyoni zincane kakhulu kune-tit enkulu. Ubude bomzimba wabo buqala ngamasentimitha ayishumi nanye kuya kwayishumi nane. Amaphiko angaba ngamasentimitha angamashumi amabili. Isisindo sesilwane - esingeqile kumagremu ayishumi nanye;
- i-grey-white crest ekhanda. Lesi yisibonakaliso sangaphandle esisobala kakhulu. Nguye ongakwazi ukuhlukanisa i-grenadier komunye umndeni. Isigaxa sakhiwa izimpaphe ezimhlophe ezimnyama nezimpunga. Kwabesifazane, njengomthetho, i-crest incane, inombala omnyama;
- umbala ofanayo womzimba kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Ingaphezulu yomzimba wezinyoni ipendwe ngokunsundu ngokumpunga, ngezansi kumhlophe ngamachashazi amancane e-ocher. Umugqa omnyama ogqamile ugijima usuka onqenqemeni lweso uye emlonyeni wenyoni. Umugqa wakha "inhlendla" emnyama. Ubukeka umxhwele kakhulu ngemuva kwesihlathi esimhlophe;
- amaphiko amnyama, umsila, umlomo. Iphiko lingamasentimitha angamashumi amabili nanye. Uqhwaku luncane kepha luqinile. Ngosizo lwazo, izinyoni ngobuhlakani zikhipha izinambuzane eziyingozi emagxolweni ezihlahla;
- amehlo amancane. Iris inombala onsundu. Izinyoni zibona kahle kakhulu;
- imilenze eqinile. Izitho zinombala ompunga onsundu. Unyawo ngalunye lunezinzwani ezine. Ezintathu zazo ziqondiswe phambili, eyodwa - emuva. Leli lungiselelo leminwe lisiza i-corydalis ukuthi ibambe ngokuqinile emagatsheni.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-crest akuyona nje into ehehayo yalolu hlobo lwamatiki. Lolu uhlobo lwethuluzi lokuveza imizwa yabo. Ukuphakama kwe-crest, i-angle yokuthambekela incike esimweni sengqondo.
Ngabe i-crested tit ihlala kuphi?
Isithombe: tit crested tit
Lolu hlobo lwe-titmouse lungenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu eYurophu. Indawo yemvelo isukela eNhlonhlweni Yase-Iberia iye e-Urals. Ama-titmice aseCresti ahlala ngobuningi eRussia, eScotland, eSpain, eFrance nase-Ukraine. Izinyoni azihlali e-Italy, Greece, Great Britain, Asia Minor, eScandinavia.
Indawo engokwemvelo incike ezinhlotsheni ze-crested tit. Ngakho-ke, k. c. UCristatus uhlala enyakatho nasempumalanga yeYurophu, r. scoticus Prazák - maphakathi nasenyakatho yeScotland. Entshonalanga yeFrance, kuphela u-r. Abadiei, kanye nekh. I-Weigoldi itholakala eningizimu nasentshonalanga ye-Iberia. Izinhlobo ezingaphansi r. u-baschkirikus Snigirewski uhlala e-Urals.
Iningi lamabele athambile yizinyoni ezihlala phansi. Isilwane kuyaqabukela sishintsha indawo esihlala kuyo. Akukhombisi intshisekelo ezindizeni ezinde. Kuyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile lapho inyoni ifuduka ibangana. Kulokhu, ukufuduka kuyaphoqeleka, kubangelwa abantu basenyakatho. UCorydalis kufanele ashiye amakhaya abo ngenxa yokushoda kokudla.
Izimo zezulu zibaluleke kakhulu kuma-grenadiers. Bagwema izindawo ezishisa kakhulu noma ezibandayo kakhulu. Lezi zinyoni zikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezipholile. Okwempilo, iziqu zokugcotshwa ezikhethiwe zikhetha amahlathi e-coniferous, izingadi, amapaki, ama-beech groves. Izihlahla ezindala ezibolile kumele zibe khona endaweni ekhethiwe. AbakwaCorydalis abanasithakazelo emasimini aqandayo. Agwema amahlathi alolu hlobo.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Izihloko ezithandwayo ezihlala eningizimu yeYurophu zinokuthanda okuthile kohlobo lwezihlahla. Kubo, amahlathi aseMakedoniya nawedwala ayakhanga kakhulu. Kukulezi zindawo lapho kubonakala khona inani elikhulu kakhulu lesilwane.
Ngabe i-crested tit idlani?
Isithombe: UCrested Tit, uyi-grenadier
Ukudla kweCorydalis kuya ngesizini. Ebusika, imenyu yabo yansuku zonke incane futhi iyisidina. Ngenkathi ebandayo, lezi zinyoni zichitha isikhathi esiningi eqhweni. Lapho bazama ukuthola imbewu, izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla, ezishaywe izihlahla ngumoya. Futhi, ekudleni kufaka imbewu yesihlahla: i-spruce, i-pine. Uma kunokudla okwanele endaweni yokuhlala, khona-ke inyoni ingathuthela ezindaweni eziseduze.
Ehlobo, ukudla kubanzi kakhulu. Kubandakanya iLepidoptera, Amabhungane, iHomoptera, Izicabucabu. Imvamisa, amabhungane aqhekekile adla amacimbi, ama-weevils, ama-leaf beetle kanye nama-aphid. Ngalokhu kuthandwa kokudla, ama-crested tits asiza kakhulu ihlathi. Iningi lalezi zinambuzane ezingenhla ziyizinambuzane. Okungajwayelekile, ukudla okubandakanya izimpukane, i-hymenoptera, nezinye izinambuzane ezincane.
I-titmouse elambile ingachitha amahora amaningi izifunela ukudla. Uhlola ngokucophelela yonke imithi esehlathini, abheke phansi ukuthola ukudla okufanelekile. Yonke into encane iwela ngaphansi kwamehlo akhe: amahlumela, imifantu egxolo, imifantu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kulezo zindawo lapho ungathola khona amacimbi, amaqanda ezinambuzane nezinye izidlo. AmaCorydalis abheka inyamazane enkulu emoyeni. Cishe angahle "abhuleke" emoyeni, abone okuthile okudliwayo esihlahleni noma emhlabathini. Ngaphandle kobukhulu bayo obuncane, i-tit esetshenzisiwe ingumzingeli omuhle kakhulu!
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Crested Tit
I-grenadier iyinyoni engavamile kakhulu kunoma yikuphi ukuhlala. Lezi zilwane zizama ukuziqhelelanisa nabantu, zikhetha ukuhlala ehlathini. Kodwa-ke, esikhathini sethu, ungabona ama-crested tits amaningi emzaneni ngisho nasemapaki asedolobheni. Bahlangana nezinye izinyoni, imvamisa abamele titmice. Ama-grenadiers ahlabelela ngokuthula. Ukutshiyoza kwazo kuzwakala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Njengoba sekushiwo, i-tit esetshenzisiwe ingumhlali wamasimu e-coniferous. Ugwema amahlathi aqothula ngokuphelele. Impilo yonke, isilwane sikhetha ama-spruce aphakathi nendawo namahlathi ophayini. Ngaphansi kokukhetha izihlahla ezisencane zokufaka izidleke. Abantu abancane bangatholakala emahlathini ahlanganisiwe. AmaGrenadier agwema ukuxhumana okusondelene kakhulu nabantu. Bancamela ukuchitha impilo yabo endle, bevela ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela emadolobhaneni, emapaki amadolobha, ezigcawini.
Ama-titmouses aseCrested yizilwane ezisebenza kakhulu. Abakwazi ukuhlala bathule. Nsuku zonke lezi zinyoni zihlola ihlathi ukuthola ukudla. Abadli nje kuphela inyamazane yabo, kepha futhi bayifaka esidlekeni, esiqiwini. AmaCorydalis agcwele ukudla unyaka wonke. Lokhu kubasiza ukuba baphile ebusika lapho izinambuzane zingatholakali. AmaGrenadier akha izindlu ngeziqu kanye nezihlahla ezindala. Bakhetha izimbotshana zemvelo. Kwesinye isikhathi kuhlala izidleke zamagwababa nezingwejeje. Izindlu zabo zibekwe ebangeni elingamamitha amathathu ukusuka phansi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kuyaziwa ukuthi izinyoni eziningi zishintsha izimpaphe zazo ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, isimo sezulu, nezinkathi zonyaka. Ama-Crested tits agcina umbala wawo ojwayelekile unyaka wonke.
IGrenadier iyinyoni efunda isikole. Uhlala kalula emhlambini ofanayo nama-kinglet, ama-pikas, amaxoxo ama-dart, ama-woodpeckers. Ngenxa yezinkuni, imihlambi enjalo yezinyoni ezincane isinda kakhulu. Phakathi kwezinyoni zomhlambi wayo, le nyoni e-crested ingabonakala hhayi kuphela ngezimpawu zayo zangaphandle, kepha nangomsindo wayo we-burry.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: ICrested Tit, noma iGrenadier
Isikhathi sokukhwelana salezi zinhlobo zezinyoni siqala entwasahlobo. Ekupheleni kukaMashi, uCorydalis uzifunela amapheya, aqala ukwakha izidleke. Izilwane zilala ngazimbili. Ezesilisa zivame ukucula kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Kuthatha cishe izinsuku eziyishumi nanye ukwakha isidleke sama-grenadiers. Kwesinye isikhathi kuvela ukwakha isidleke ngokushesha - ngesonto elilodwa. Amanye ngazimbili ahlala ezidlekeni esezenziwe zalahlwa zezinye izinyoni.
Izidleke zeCorydalis zibekwa emgodini wezihlahla, iziphunzi ezibolile ezinokungena okuncane. Imvamisa "izindlu" azakhiwa hhayi phezulu - ebangeni elingeqi ngaphezu kwamamitha amathathu ukusuka phansi. Kodwa-ke, ngokwemvelo, izidleke ezihlanganisiwe zitholakele, zitholakala emhlabathini futhi ezikude kakhulu nomhlabathi. Ukwakha isidleke, i-titmouse isebenzisa izinto ezihlukile: ubulembu, uboya, izinwele, izitshalo, izigaxa, imifece yezinambuzane. Cishe emva kwezinsuku eziyishumi isidleke sesakhiwe, insikazi iqala ukubekela amaqanda. Ngonyaka owodwa, izinyoni zalolu hlobo zingaba namazinyane amabili.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: UCorydalis bangabokuqala ukubeka amaqanda. Zibonakala ezidlekeni engxenyeni yokuqala ka-Ephreli.
Ngesinye isikhathi, ibhungane lensikazi elibekiwe lizalela cishe amaqanda ayisishiyagalolunye. Amaqanda mancane, anegobolondo elicwebezelayo, elinombala omhlophe onamabala abomvu nobubende. Ngesisindo, amaqanda aweqi ku-1.3 amagremu, kanti ubude bungamamilimitha ayishumi nesithupha kuphela. Ngemuva kokuqothulwa kwamaqanda, insikazi ihlala esidlekeni. Ufukamela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo izinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu. Ngalesi sikhathi, umbhangqwana wakhe ubandakanyeka ekukhishweni kwe-forage. Owesilisa akazidli nje kuphela, kodwa futhi wondla insikazi. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, amachwane ayazalwa. Bazalwa bengenakuzisiza ngokuphelele, ngakho ekuqaleni banakekelwa abazali babo.
Izitha zemvelo zamabele aqhekekile
Isithombe: Sibukeka kanjani isiqu secrested
IGrenadier iyinyoni encane kakhulu. Akakwazi nhlobo ukuzivikela endle. Ngalesi sizathu, izilwane ezinjalo ziyagcwala emhlambini. Ngale ndlela banethuba elingcono lokusinda. Ukuze ungabi isisulu somzingeli, i-titsted crest idinga ukuqaphela ngokweqile, ngengozi encane, ifihle emifantwini emincane esezihlahleni. UCorydalis usiza amakhono abo emvelo ukuzivikela ekufeni okuthile. Zindiza ngokushesha okukhulu, zilawuleke kalula.
Izitha zemvelo zamabhande aqhekekile zifaka:
- izinyoni ezidla inyama. Cishe zonke izinyoni ezidla inyama ziyingozi. Amagwababa, izikhova zokhozi, izikhova azisoze zenqaba ukudla ne-grenadier. Izilwane ezihlasela izinyoni zihlasela izinyoni ezincane khona kanye emoyeni. Ngobuciko babamba inyamazane yabo ngezidladla eziqinile;
- amakati... I-Corydalis izingelwa ngamakati asendle, kepha kwesinye isikhathi iba yisisulu samakati ajwayelekile asekhaya. Amakati afuywayo ahlasela izinyoni ezilahleka ngephutha epaki, egcekeni lendlu yangasese;
- martens, izimpungushe. Lezi zilwane zibamba izinyoni ezincane phansi lapho zifuna okusanhlamvu;
- izingodo, izingwejeje. Ngalezi zilwane, ama-grenadier ancintisana ngemigodi emihle ehlathini. Ama-Woodpeckers, izingwejeje zivame ukucekela phansi amakamelo aqhekekile, kwesinye isikhathi zintshontshe amaqanda, zibulale inzalo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: tit crested tit
I-crested tit iyisilwane esisakazeke kabanzi. Indawo yokuhlala yayo ihlanganisa cishe yonke iYurophu, iSouth Urals. Le yinyoni ehlala phansi kuphela ezimweni ezihlukile lapho ishintsha indawo ehlala kuyo. Ngakho-ke, ubukhulu besibalo sabantu bulandelwa kalula ososayensi. Okwamanje, isibalo sabantu abaqhekekile sisuka ezigidini eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi nambili. Inikezwe Isimo Sokongiwa: Ukukhathazeka Okuncane.
Usayizi wesibalo cishe uhlala uzinzile. Kukwezinye izikhathi kuphela lapho inombolo iba nezinguquko ezinqala. Isibonelo, incipha kakhulu eminyakeni ngobusika obunzima. Izinyoni eziningi zifa ngenxa yeqhwa nokuntuleka kokudla. Kodwa-ke, sekuvele ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-crested tits aqala kabusha inani labantu ngenxa yokuzala kwabo okuphezulu. Ku-clutch eyodwa yenyoni enikeziwe, kuhlala okungenani okungenani amaqanda amane. Owesifazane angazala inzalo kabili ngonyaka.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Ama-Crested tits asetshenziswa ososayensi njengezilwane eziyimodeli. Ngosizo lwabo, i-ecology nokuziphatha kwezinyoni kuyafundwa. Futhi, ama-grenadiers asetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwesayensi ngabososayensi bezakhi zofuzo.
Isibalo sabantu abasezingeni eliphakeme siphezulu namuhla. Kodwa-ke, kusenezici ezithile ezingezinhle eziholela ekwehleni kwesibalo sezinyoni. Lokhu akukhona nje ukupholisa, kepha futhi nokwehliswa okukhulu kwenani lama-coniferous stand. Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi okungalawulwa kungaholela ekuqothulweni kwezilwane.
Isihloko esithi Crested Iyinyoni encane, esabalele yonke indawo. Inokubukeka okukhanyayo, okukhumbulekayo futhi kunenzuzo enkulu emvelweni, kubhubhisa izinambuzane eziyingozi emahlathini e-coniferous. AmaGrenadier yizinyoni zezingoma. Ukutshiyoza kwazo buthule kuzwakala ekupheleni kukaMashi. Namuhla le nhlobo yezinyoni inabantu abaningi abazinzile.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 01/21/2020
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 04.10.2019 ngo-23: 39
