IMacropod kwavela ezindaweni zokugcina abantu baseYurophu enye yokuqala - mhlawumbe kuphela izinhlanzi zegolide ezazingaphambi kwazo. Njengezinye izakhamizi eziningi zamachibi ase-Asia nase-Afrika, uP. Carbonier, isazi samanzi esidumile, wazala ama-macropods. Kumele simkhokhele - kwakunguye lo muntu owaba ngowokuqala ukudalula imfihlo yezinhlanzi ze-labyrinthine ezithwebula umoya ebusweni!
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Macropod
I-wild macropod ibukeka inemibala egqamile - iyinhlanzi enkulu ngokwedlulele (engaba ngu-10 cm ubude ngabesilisa no-7 cm kwabesifazane), ngokuheha ngokungathandi ukunakwa kwama-aquarist ngombala wawo ocacile - ngemuva kunothile ngomthunzi womnqumo, futhi umzimba umbozwe ngemivimbo ebomvu ebomvu noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ngokuhlanganiswa okuluhlaza okotshani ) imibala. Amaphiko angashisi aluhlaza, aqhubeka nemicu yoluluhlaza, anombala obomvu onokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Amaphiko atholakala ohlangothini lwesisu imvamisa abomvu amnyama, amaphiko we-pectoral asobala, i-operculum ineso elikhazimulayo eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nebala elibomvu elizungezile. Kepha ngokungafani nenkolelo evamile yokuheha kwabesifazane, ama-macropods abesifazane anemibala enesizotha kakhulu. Futhi amaphiko azo amafushane, ngakho-ke akunzima ukuhlukanisa owesifazane kowesilisa.
Ividiyo: Macropod
Inkinga ukuthi lapho kwenziwa amaphutha ekugcineni nasekuzalelaneni, imibala ekhanyayo isheshe ilahleke, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuba ngandlela thile okufiphele, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umbala obomvu uphenduka ube owolintshi ongcolile, izinhlanzi ziba zincane, amaphiko awasabonakali ebabazekayo. Futhi lezo zinguquko zingenzeka ezizukulwaneni ezi-3-4 kuphela, okufakazelwa yisibonelo somuntu uqobo ngabafuyi abangafundile. Ngasikhathi sinye, bazama ukudlulisa ukukhubazeka okuzwakalayo njengokuhluka okujwayelekile!
Izinkinga eziyinhloko zokuzalisa ama-macropods zizalanisa nokungabikho kokukhanya kwemvelo. Noma, esimweni sendlela eyiyo, ukuzalanisa okuhlobene eduze kungasiza ekubuyiseleni izici ezilahlekile ezinde ze-macropod. Futhi, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngesidingo sokudla okufanele, okulinganiselayo nokukhethwa okufanele kwamabili.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani i-macropod
Abesifazane ezimeni eziyi-100% bancane kunabesilisa: u-6 cm no-8 cm, ngokulandelana (yize ezinhlanzini eziningi, ngisho nalawo angama-labyrinths, konke kuphambene ngqo). Kepha kukhona ukufana nabanye abameleli balo mndeni - abesilisa banombala ohluke kakhulu ocacisiwe futhi akhombe, amaphiko owodwa ahlanganisiwe.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayoUbudlelwano obulinganayo ngqo phakathi kokuqina kombala wezikali ze-macropod, ukufudumala kwamanzi kanye ne-macropod excitation kwaphawulwa.
Ngokuphathelene nezici zombala nephethini: owesilisa wama-macropods cishe uhlala enombala osagolide. Emzimbeni wezinhlanzi, kunemivimbo etholakala ngokuhlukana (isuka emuva iye phansi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ayifinyeleli esiswini). Amaphiko atholakala ngemuva nangaseduzane ne-anal fin aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okukhanyayo. Kukhona ichashazi elibomvu kuzeluleko zabo. Abesifazane babukeka bebukeka kancane, banamaphiko amafushane nesisu esigcwele.
Konke okungenhla kuhlobene kuphela nefomu lokuqala lama-macropods, kepha manje sekukhona ukukhethwa okwenziwe ngama-semi-albino ngomzimba onombala opinki. Izinhlanzi zimbozwe ngemivimbo ebomvu kuphela futhi zinamaphiko abomvu ngokugqamile. Enye indlela ama-macropods amnyama. Umzimba walezi zinhlanzi umbozwe izikali ezimnyama, ayikho imivimbo, kepha lokhu kushiyeka kungaphezulu kokuhlawuliswa amaphiko amade okunethezeka.
Manje usuyazi ukugcina nokondla izinhlanzi zakho ze-macropod. Ake sithole ukuthi baphila kanjani endaweni yabo yemvelo.
Ihlala kuphi i-macropod?
Isithombe: Macropod eRussia
Abamele lolu hlobo bahlala emizimbeni yamanzi amasha, ikakhulukazi ngamanzi antekenteke noma amanzi amile). Indawo yokuhlala ikakhulukazi eMpumalanga Ekude. IMacropod ivame kakhulu emfuleni iYangtze River. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinhlanzi zingeniswe ngempumelelo emizimbeni yamanzi yemifula yaseKorea neyaseJapan. Ukuphela kokukhulunywa ngokudoba lezi zinhlanzi emanzini oMfula i-Russian Amur kuchazwa ngokuhlonza okungalungile komuntu oyi-macropod. Futhi kuyinhlanzi edumile yase-aquarium edabuka eChina. EMbusweni Wasezulwini, izinhlanzi zihlala emihosheni yamadlelo elayisi. Ama-macropods ahlotshisiwe (inguqulo yawo ye-aquarium) akhuliswa ngokuwela ama-macropods ajwayelekile nezinaliti zomgogodla.
Ama-Macropods ezindaweni zasemanzini akhombisa cishe ukukhuthazela okufanayo nasezimweni zemvelo. Lezi zinhlanzi zikubekezelela kalula ukufudumeza kwesikhashana kwesigubhu kuze kufike ku-35 ° C, zizwe kahle ngisho nasemanzini amadala, azinazo izidingo ezikhethekile zokuhlunga kanye nomoya wamanzi. Emvelweni wazo wemvelo, lezi zinhlanzi zidla kakhulu ama-plankton futhi zivimbela ukuzala okukhulu kakhulu kwe-arthropods, izibungu nezinye izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayoUkuzithoba kwamaMacropods kuvame ukudlala ngokumelene nabazalisi. Iqiniso ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zingazala ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanelekile, noma ngabe zigcinwa kahle futhi zondliwe kahle. Azikho ezinye izinhlanzi (mhlawumbe, ngaphandle kwe-gourami) ezimweni ezinje ebezingacabangi ngenzalo, kepha lokhu akusho neze ngama-macropods. Kodwa umphumela wakho konke lokhu ubukeka udumaza - esikhundleni sobuhle obukhanyayo, kuzalwa izinhlanzi ezimpunga, ze-nondescript, okuthe ezitolo eziningi zezilwane "zibizwa ngokuziqhenya" ngama-macropods.
Idla ngani i-macropod?
Isithombe: Izinhlanzi zeMacropod
Ukondla kudlala indima ebalulekile empilweni ye-macropod - singasho ukuthi inquma umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kwayo okuhambisanayo, umuntu kufanele akhumbule njalo ukuthi i-macropod iyisilwane esidla ezinye. Yebo, ngokomthetho, ama-macropods ayizidlakudla, futhi ngemuva kwesiteleka sendlala ende bazodla cishe noma yini. Ezimweni abahlala kuzo emvelweni, noma yikuphi ukudla kuyisibiliboco. Ngakho-ke, uma i-macropod yakho ilamba, izokujabulela ukudla ngisho imvuthu yesinkwa, kepha kusalungile kakhulu ukuthi abahlali be-aquarium babondle ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Isisekelo sokudla esifanelekile yimisundu yegazi kanye nama-corets - lokhu kudla kufanele (ngokufanele) kube yingxenye yokudla, kungabi ngaphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunengqondo ukufaka ama-cyclops afriziwe ekudleni.
Ezinye "izibiliboco zezinhlanzi" nazo ngeke zimbi kakhulu:
- isibungu segazi esifriziwe;
- daphnia;
- izibungu ezimnyama zomiyane.
Kungumqondo omuhle ukwengeza izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezifakiwe ku-feed yakho. Izimfanzi, izimbaza, izingwane - wonke lawa ma-macropods ahlonishwa kakhulu. Ungangeza futhi ukudla okomile kwimenyu - kufanelekile ukusebenzisa izingxube ezithuthukiswe nge-carotenoids ukuthuthukisa umbala. Izitshalo zeMacropod azikaze zidliwe noma zonakale ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, kepha ukwengeza okuncane okwenziwe ngamakhambi kuzozuzisa izinhlanzi.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Izinhlanzi ze-Macropod aquarium
Amadoda amaningi ama-macropods akhombisa ukuhlukumeza komunye nomunye. Imvamisa bakhombisa isimilo esifanayo hhayi kuphela maqondana, kepha nakwezinye izinhlanzi ezihlala e-aquarium futhi hhayi ngisho nokuncintisana nabo ngokudla. Kungenxa yalezi zizathu ukuthi kunengqondo ukugcina ama-macropods ku-aquarium ngebhangqa elilodwa futhi uma ungeza izinhlanzi ezinkulu kuphela kuzo.
Kepha kukhona omunye umbono - ama-aquarist amaningi, futhi phakathi kwalabo abasebenza nama-macropods, qaphela ukuthi kunezinganekwane ezingenakubalwa ngalezi zinhlanzi (ikakhulukazi ngama-macropods akudala).
Futhi izindaba zokuthi ama-macropods amahle anqabile, aqinela abanye, ngaphandle kokuqaqa zonke izinhlanzi, futhi alwa njalo phakathi kwawo aze abulale nabesifazane bawo. Ama-aquarists eMacropod aqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu akunjalo neze - okungenani "izinsolo" ezimbili zokugcina zingamanga ngokuphelele. Kungani singakhuluma ngalokhu ngokuzethemba okungaka?
Yebo, uma kuphela ngoba ukube zonke lezi zinto beziyiqiniso, ama-macropods abengeke asinda emvelweni, ezimweni zemvelo. Yebo, phakathi kwabo kwesinye isikhathi kunabantu abanolaka, abanolaka abakwaziyo ukubulala owesifazane kalula ngemuva kokuzala ndawonye, ngisho nefry yabo uqobo. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka ngokungavamile, futhi izinhlanzi ezinjalo zibonakala ngokushesha - nangaphambi kokuba ziqale ukuzala. Ngakho-ke, abantu abanjalo akufanele nakanjani bavunyelwe ukuzalanisa.
Kepha kunenketho enhle kakhulu yokukhipha noma imaphi amathuba okuba nolaka kulezi zinhlanzi - kwanele ukuwahlalisa emanzini amakhulu kanye nezinye izinhlanzi ezilinganiselwe nezingenalo ulaka. Inqwaba yezindawo zokukhosela nezitshalo eziphilayo kungenye yezinto ezidingekayo. Yebo, izinhlanzi ezincane kanye nama-macropods wezinhlanzi ezilele kancane bakuthatha njengomsebenzi wabo ukuluma, noma ngisho nokusebenzisa esikhundleni sokudla kwasekuseni - kepha ezinye izinhlobo eziningi nazo ziyona ngalokhu. Yini ongayenza, lona ngumthetho wemvelo - okunamandla kuyasinda!
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Fry Macropod
Ngokuzala, owesilisa wakha isidleke samabhamuza omoya eduze kwezitshalo, khona lapho eduze kwamanzi. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, owesilisa ucindezela owesifazane, ebekade emgoqele emzimbeni wakhe, njenge-boa constrictor. Ngakho-ke, ukhama amaqanda kuwo. I-Caviar yama-macropods ilula kakhulu kunamanzi, ngakho-ke ihlala intanta, futhi owesilisa uyayiqoqa ngokushesha futhi ayivikele ngonya - kuze kube umzuzu lapho izingane zivela khona.
Futhi noma phakathi nezinsuku eziyi-10 ezizayo, owesilisa ubandakanyeka ekuvikeleni nasekulungiseleleni impilo yabantu abadala yethosi. Ubuye aqabule ngezikhathi ezithile isidleke. Imacropod ihambisa amaqanda, iqoqe inzalo bese iyiphonsa emuva. Kwezinye izimo, insikazi isiza owesilisa ngokunakekela inzalo, kepha lokhu kwenzeka ngokungavamile.
Ukuze ukhule ama-macropods enempilo, udinga ukukhetha kahle amabhangqa bese uwalungiselela ukuzala. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ukuthotshelwa kwabazali bakusasa ngezinhlobo zezinhlobo ezisunguliwe.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ama-Macropods angama-centenarians ayiqiniso - ahlala isikhathi eside kunazo zonke phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlanzi ze-labyrinth. Futhi uma behlinzekwa ngezimo ezinhle, bahlala endaweni yokufakelwa kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-8-10. Ngasikhathi sinye, amandla okuzala kabusha uhlobo lwawo alugcini ngaphezu kwengxenye yesikhathi esibekiwe.
Noma kunjalo, i-macropod empeleni iyisilwane esidlayo, ngakho-ke ubumnandi buyimfanelo enengqondo ngokuphelele yomlingiswa wakhe. Kepha ezimweni eziningi kakhulu, i-macropod iyinhlanzi enesibindi, ngokulingene, nenhlanzi ephilayo. Ukudlula emhlabeni namahloni akujwayelekile kwi-macropod ejwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okusebenza kakhulu ama-macropods anombala we-classic kanye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ukuzola kancane - ama-albino, amhlophe ne-orange. Lezi zokugcina azinconywa ukuthi zibekwe ku-aquarium efanayo, noma zihlangene nama-macropods akudala.
Izitha zemvelo zama-macropods
Isithombe: iMacropod female
Ngisho nama-macropods anempilo futhi anesibindi anezitha zawo, futhi awanakukwazi "ukuthola ulimi oluvamile" endaweni yawo yemvelo noma e-aquarium. Ubani ocabanga ukuthi unenzondo enkulu (futhi ngasikhathi sinye uyayesaba kakhulu i-macropod), yona uqobo ezolimaza izinjabulo nomsila wezinhlanzi ezinkulu?
Ngakho-ke, isitha esikhulu se-macropod ngu ... iSumatran barbus! Le nhlanzi inempilo enhle futhi inamandla, ngakho-ke akukho lutho oluzovimbela isiqhwaga ekunciphiseni ama-macropods amadevu abo. Uma ama-barbs angama-3-4 enza ngokumelene ne-macropod eyodwa, khona-ke eyokuqala ngeke neze yenze kahle. Isimo esifanayo senzeka emvelweni, kuphela lapho ama-macropods anamathuba amancane kakhulu - imihlambi ye-Sumatran barbs ayishiyi nethuba elincane! Ngakho-ke ama-macropods aphoqeleka ukuba azihlolele izindawo ezinjengalezi lapho umphangi onolaka - iSumatran barbus - engeke nje asinde khona. Ukungasho ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela enhle yokuvikela indawo yakho elangeni, kepha noma kunjalo ...
Ukuphela kwendlela yokuvumelanisa lezi zitha ukukhula ngefry ku-aquarium efanayo kusukela eminyakeni. Lapho-ke kusekhona ithuba elincane lokuthi bazwane futhi bahlale ngokuvumelana. Yize lesi simiso singasebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Mhlawumbe ngoba lezi zinhlanzi zinobutha ezingeni lofuzo. Ayikho enye incazelo futhi ayinakuba njalo!
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani i-macropod
Ububanzi bama-macropod buhlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu kakhulu zeNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ingabonakala emizimbeni yamanzi eningizimu yeChina, ngisho naseMalaysia. Izinhlanzi zethulwe ngempumelelo emanzini aseJapan, aseKorea, aseMelika, kanye nasesiqhingini saseMadagascar.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi luhlukaniswa ngokusinda okukhulu - azithobeki, aqinile futhi "angazimela", futhi anezinsimbi ze-labyrinth ezenza umsebenzi wesitho sokuphefumula (i-oxygen iqoqa lapho).
Kepha noma kunamandla amangalisayo okusinda "ngemuva", izinhlobo zama-macropods njengamanje zifakiwe kwi-International Red Book, kepha njengezinhlobo, ukuphela kwazo okubangela ukukhathazeka okuncane.
Isimo sokuncipha kwenani lalezi zinhlanzi sihlobene, okokuqala, nokuthuthuka komuntu nomsebenzi wakhe wezomnotho ezindaweni eziyindawo yemvelo ye-macropod nokungcola kwemvelo yemvelo ngamakhemikhali amakhemikhali.
Kepha naphezu kwazo zonke lezi zikhathi, ngisho nokukhishwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kanye nokwakhiwa komhlaba womhlaba wezolimo, akubeki lolu hlobo ngaphansi kosongo lokuqothulwa ngokuphelele. Futhi lokhu kungaphansi kwezimo zemvelo kuphela - ngenxa yemizamo yama-aquarists, inani lama-macropods likhula ngokuqina!
Ukuvikelwa kweMacropod
Isithombe: IMacropod evela eBhuku eliBomvu
Ukufakwa kuhlu kwi-International Red Data Book kukodwa kuyindlela ephelele yokuvikela lezi zinhlobo, ngoba ngemuva kwezinyathelo ezinjalo kubekwa umkhawulo oqinile ekubanjweni kwayo kanye / noma ekuhlalisweni kabusha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa izinyathelo ngokuhlelekile ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, imisebenzi yezomnotho edla ezinye izikhulu ezinkulu zezimboni kanye nomthetho okhulelwe kabi wamazwe ase-Asia kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi ama-macropods aphoqeleka ukuba ashiye izindawo zawo zokuhlala.
Futhi nokho, i- "violin yokuqala" ekubuyiseleni inani lama-macropod poppies idlalwa ngama-aquarists - bakhetha abantu abaphilile kakhulu bese bebawela, bathole inzalo, isabelo sebhubesi esisindayo (ngenxa yokungabikho kwezitha zangaphandle). Ngokunjalo, inani lama-macropods liyakhula, futhi uhla luthola izinguquko ezithile.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlanzi ze-labyrinth (i-gourami efanayo), ama-macropods ahlala ekhombisa ubudlova kuqala, futhi ngaphandle kwesizathu. Kuyakudumaza kakhulu ukugcina izibonakude, ama-scalars kanye ne-discus, kanye nabamele zonke ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezincane - ama-neon, ama-zebrafish, nabanye, kanye nama-macropods.
IMacropod - izinhlanzi ze-aquarium ezingathobekile, ezibonakala ngomlingiswa ojabulayo futhi onamahloni. Lapho uyigcina, i-aquarium kufanele ihlale ivulekile (imbozwe kahle ngengilazi evikelayo). Lokhu kuzohlinzeka izinhlanzi ngokuhamba kahle komoya-mpilo emoyeni, ezingakuthola nge-labyrinth yazo, futhi kuzovikela abantu abasebenza ngokweqile ekuweni e-aquarium ngesikhathi sokugxuma.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 01.11.2019
Usuku lokuvuselela: 11.11.2019 ngo-12: 08
