Ihhashi lika-Akhal-Teke - yasendulo kakhulu futhi enhle kakhulu emhlabeni. Izinhlobo zazivela eTurkmenistan ngesikhathi seSoviet, futhi kamuva zasakazekela endaweni yaseKazakhstan, eRussia, nase-Uzbekistan. Lolu hlobo lwamahhashi lungatholakala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe, kusuka eYurophu kuya e-Asia, eMelika, kanye nase-Afrika.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Ihhashi lika-Akhal-Teke
Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-250 zamahhashi emhlabeni ezikhuliswe ngabantu emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka. Uhlobo lwe-Akhal-Teke lumi lodwa njengendawo yokuzalela amahhashi. Kuthathe ngaphezu kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezintathu ukudala lolu hlobo. Usuku oluqondile lokuvela kokuqala kohlobo lwe-Akhal-Teke alwaziwa, kepha okushiwo okokuqala kusukela ekhulwini lesi-4 kuya kwele-3 BC. UBucephalus, ihhashi eliyintandokazi lika-Alexander the Great, kwakuyihhashi lika-Akhal-Teke.
Izimfihlo zokukhiqiza zadluliselwa zisuka kubaba ziye endodaneni. Ihhashi lalingumngane wabo wokuqala nomngane wabo omkhulu. Amahhashi anamuhla e-Akhal-Teke athola izici ezinhle kakhulu zokhokho bawo. Ukuziqhenya kwamaTurkmens, amahhashi-Akheke-Teke kuyingxenye yophawu lombuso lwenkosi iTurkmenistan.
Ividiyo: Ihhashi lika-Akhal-Teke
Amahhashi ka-Akhal-Teke aqhamuka ehhashini lasendulo laseTurkmen, okwakungolunye lwezinhlobo "zokuqala" ezine zamahhashi ezazinqamula iBering Strait zisuka eMelika ngezikhathi zangaphambi komlando. Ekuqaleni yayizalwa yizizwe zaseTurkmen. Njengamanje, amahhashi e-Akhal-Teke ahlala kwezinye izifundazwe eziseningizimu yezwe elaliyi-USSR.
Ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke luhlobo lwamaTurkmen olwenzeka esifundeni esiseningizimu yezwe lesimanje laseTurkmenistan. La mahhashi abelokhu aziwa njengamahhashi amahhashi namahhashi omjaho iminyaka engu-3000. Amahhashi akwa-Akhal-Teke anokuhamba okuhle kwemvelo futhi ayihhashi lezemidlalo elivelele kule ndawo. Ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke livela endaweni eyomile, engenalutho.
Kuwo wonke umlando wayo, izuze idumela lokukhuthazela nesibindi esihle kakhulu. Ukhiye wokuqina kwamahhashi i-Akhal-Teke wukudla okungenakho ukudla okuningi kepha okunamaprotheni amaningi, futhi kuvame ukufaka ibhotela namaqanda ahlanganiswe nebhali. Namuhla kusetshenziswa amahhashi i-Akhal-Teke embukisweni nasekwehleni ukwengeza ngaphezu kokuwasebenzisa nsuku zonke ngaphansi kwesihlalo.
Uhlobo ngokwalo aluningi kakhulu futhi lumelelwa yizinhlobo eziyi-17:
- posman;
- gelishikli;
- ale;
- isimo ipulazi-2;
- i-everdi telecom;
- ak belek;
- ak sakal;
- melekush;
- ukuqhuma;
- i-kir sakar;
- i-caplan;
- fakirpelvan;
- isibabule;
- Arab;
- i-gundogar;
- i-perrine;
- karlavach.
Ukukhonjwa kwenziwa ngokuhlaziywa kwe-DNA bese kuthi amahhashi anikezwe inombolo yokubhalisa nepasipoti. Amahhashi aphelele we-Akhal-Teke afakiwe kwi-State Stud Book.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Libukeka kanjani ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke
Ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke lihlukaniswa ngomthethosisekelo owomile, ukubukeka okunehaba, isikhumba esincanyana, imvamisa nesishebo sebhantshi, intamo ende enekhanda elikhanyayo. Amahhashi ka-Akhal-Teke avame ukubonakala ngeso lokhozi. Lolu hlobo lusetshenziselwa ukugibela amahhashi futhi luqinile impela emsebenzini. Ukugibela abamele uhlobo lwe-Akhal-Teke kuzothokozisa ngisho nomgibeli onekhono kunabo bonke, bahamba kancane futhi bazigcine kahle, ngaphandle kokuntengantenga.
Amahhashi i-Akhal-Teke anemisipha eyisicaba namathambo amancane. Umzimba wabo uvame ukuqhathaniswa nowehhashi elimpunga noma ingulule - unesiqu esincane nomzimba ojulile. Isimo sobuso behhashi i-Akhal-Teke siyisicaba noma siyindimana, kepha ezinye zibukeka njenge-moose. Angaba namehlo e-alimondi noma amehlo afakwe izigqoko.
Ihhashi linezindlebe ezacile, ezinde nangemuva, umzimba oyisicaba namahlombe axegayo. Umhlwenga nomsila wakhe kuncane futhi kuzacile. Sekukonke, leli hhashi libukeka liqinile futhi likhuthazela ngokuqinile. Eqinisweni, kubhekwe njengokwehluleka kwalolu hlobo ukuba lukhuluphele noma lube buthakathaka kakhulu. Amahhashi ama-Akhal-Teke ajabulisa ngemibala yawo ehlukahlukene futhi ekhangayo. Imibala engajwayelekile etholakala kulolu hlobo yilezi: izinyamazane, i-nightingale, i-isabella, i-gray kanye negwababa, i-bay yegolide, ebomvu, futhi cishe yonke imibala ine-sheen yegolide noma yesiliva.
Lihlala kuphi ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke?
Isithombe: Ihhashi le-Black Akhal-Teke
Ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke lidabuka ehlane laseKara-Kum eTurkmenistan, kodwa inani lazo lehlile ngemuva kokuthi amanye amahhashi aphambili alethwe eRussia ngaphansi kokubusa kweSoviet. AmaTurkmen ayengeke aphile ngaphandle kwamahhashi ka-Akhal-Teke, futhi ngokufanayo. AmaTurkmen ayengabantu bokuqala ehlane ukudala ihhashi elilungele imvelo. Umgomo namuhla ukuzama nokuzala amaningi ala mahhashi.
Ihhashi lesimanje i-Akhal-Teke liwumphumela ophelele wokusinda kombono onamandla, obesebenze iminyaka eyizinkulungwane. Babhekane nobunzima bemvelo obungakaze bube khona kanye nokuhlolwa kwamakhosi abo.
Ukwenza ijazi elihle le-iridescent lehhashi lika-Akhal-Teke libukeke limangalisa, udinga ukugeza futhi ulolonge ihhashi lakho njalo. Isikhathi ngasinye sokuzilungisa sizonikeza lezi zilwane ukunakekelwa ezikudingayo futhi kuzoqinisa isibopho sakho nehhashi lakho.
Amathuluzi wokuhlanza amahhashi abalulekile, kufaka phakathi i-shampoo yamahhashi, isikhi sezinselo, ibhulashi, ikama, i-blade blade, ikama lomhlwenga, ibhulashi lomsila, kanye nebhulashi lomzimba kungasetshenziselwa ukususa ngokuphelele ukungcola, izinwele ezedlulele kanye nenye imfucumfucu evela kuwo wonke umzimba amahhashi.
Lidlani ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke?
Isithombe: Ihhashi elimhlophe le-Akhal-Teke
Amahhashi i-Akhal-Teke angenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa zamahhashi emhlabeni eziphakelwe ukudla kwenyama kanye namafutha enyama ukulwa nezimo zokuphila ezinzima (futhi ngokuvamile ezingenabutshani) eTurkmenistan. AmaTurkmens akuqonda kahle ukuqeqeshwa kwamahhashi; ngokuthuthukisa isenzo sesilwane, bayakwazi ukunciphisa ukudla kwaso, futhi ikakhulukazi amanzi, kube ubuncane obungakholeki. I-alfalfa eyomile ithathelwe indawo yimichilo eqoshiwe, kuthi oats bethu abane bebhali bahlanganiswe nenyama yemvu.
Nazi izinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokudla kwabo:
- utshani ukudla kwabo kwemvelo futhi buhle kakhulu ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla (yize qaphela uma ihhashi lakho lidla utshani obuningi kakhulu entwasahlobo, ngoba lokhu kungadala i-laminitis). Qiniseka ukuthi uphinde usule ngokuphelele noma iziphi izitshalo ezingaba yingozi kumahhashi emadlelweni akho;
- ifula ligcina ihhashi liphilile futhi uhlelo lwalo lokugaya ukudla lusebenza kahle, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo kusuka ekwindla kuya ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo lapho idlelo lingekho;
- izithelo noma imifino - lokhu kwengeza umswakama ekudleni. Ukusika isanqante yobude obugcwele kuhle;
- Ukugxila - Uma ihhashi selindala, lisencane, lincelisa, likhulelwe noma lincintisana, udokotela wezilwane wakho angancoma ukugxila njengamabele, i-oats, ibhali nommbila. Lokhu kunikeza ihhashi amandla. Khumbula ukuthi kungaba yingozi uma uxuba inani elingalungile noma inhlanganisela, kubangele ukungalingani kwamaminerali.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Uhlobo lwamahhashi u-Akhal-Teke
Ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke luhlobo olunzima ngendlela exakile oluzivumelanise nezimo ezinzima zezwe lakubo. Wenza kahle cishe kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu. Umgibeli ozolile futhi olinganiselayo, ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke lihlale liqaphile, kepha akulula ukushayela, ngakho-ke alifanele abagibeli be-novice. Abanye abanikazi bathi amahhashi akwa-Akhal-Teke ayizinja zomndeni emhlabeni we-equine akhombisa uthando olukhulu ngomnikazi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke linobuhlakani futhi liyashesha ukuqeqesha, libucayi kakhulu, limnene futhi livame ukwakha ubuhlobo obuqinile nomnikazi walo, okwenza libe yihhashi “lomgibeli oyedwa”.
Esinye isici esithandekayo sehhashi i-Akhal-Teke yi-lynx. Njengoba lolu hlobo luvela ogwadule olunesihlabathi, ijubane lalo libhekwa njengelithambile futhi elinentwasahlobo, elinamaphethini amile nendlela egelezayo. Ihhashi linokunyakaza okushelelayo futhi alishayisi umzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-jerk yakhe ishibilika ngokukhululeka, i-gallop yinde futhi kulula, futhi isenzo sokugxuma singathathwa njengesihlava.
Ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke lihlakaniphile, liyashesha ukufunda futhi limnene, kepha futhi lingazwela kakhulu, libe namandla, libe nesibindi futhi libe nenkani. Ukuhamba okude, okusheshayo, ukushesha nokushelelayo kwehhashi i-Akhal-Teke kuyenza ibe isitayela esihle sokukhuthazela nokujaha. Ukulingisa kwakhe futhi kumenza alungele ukugqoka kanye nemibukiso.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Ihhashi lika-Akhal-Teke
Cishe eminyakeni eyizi-10 000 eyedlule, lapho ugwadule ludabula i-Asia Ephakathi, amahhashi abhodlame ahlala emadlelweni aqala ukuguquka abe ngamahhashi anciphile futhi anomusa kodwa aqinile manje aseTurkmenistan. Njengoba ukudla namanzi kuya kuncipha, isibalo esisindayo sehhashi sathathelwa indawo esilula.
Izintamo ezinde, ikhanda elide, amehlo amakhulu, nezindlebe ezinde kuye kwavela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhono lehhashi lokubona, ukuhogela nokuzwa izilwane ezidla ezinye emathafeni aya ngokuvuleka.
Umbala wegolide odlange phakathi kwamahhashi akwa-Akhal-Teke unikeze ukufihla okudingekayo ngemuva kwendawo yasehlane. Ngenxa yokukhethwa kwemvelo, kudalwe uhlobo oluzoba ukuziqhenya kweTurkmenistan.
Amahhashi i-Akhal-Teke akhuliswe ngokulingene ngakho-ke awanokwehluka kofuzo.
Leli qiniso lenza ukuthi ukuzalana kutholakale ezinkingeni zezempilo eziningana ezihlobene nofuzo.
Ngokwesibonelo:
- izinkinga ngokukhula komgogodla wesibeletho, owaziwa nangokuthi i-wobbler syndrome;
- i-cryptorchidism - ukungabikho kwesende elilodwa noma amabili esikhwameni, okwenza inzalo ibe nzima futhi kungadala ezinye izinkinga zokuziphatha nezempilo;
- i-naked foal syndrome, eholela ekutheni izingane zizalwe zingenaboya, zinokukhubazeka emazinyweni nasemihlathini nokuthambekela kokuthuthukisa izinkinga ezahlukahlukene zokugaya ukudla, ubuhlungu nokunye.
Izitha zemvelo zamahhashi akwa-Akhal-Teke
Isithombe: Libukeka kanjani ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke
Amahhashi akwa-Akhal-Teke awanazo izitha zemvelo, avikelwe kahle kunoma yibaphi abantu abangabafuni. Isizwe se-Akhal-Teke ikakhulu siwuhlobo olungasetshenziswa ngempumelelo kuzo zombili izinhlelo zokuzalisa kanye nezinhlobo zokuzalisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina, imfudumalo, ukukhuthazela, isivinini kanye nokushesha futhi kuzoba ngumngane oqotho nothobekile kumgibeli noma umnikazi wenjabulo.
Ukuvinjelwa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuvela eSoviet Union kube neqhaza ekwehliseni inani lamahhashi e-Akhal-Teke, ukungabi bikho kwezimali nokuphathwa kwezinhlobo nakho kube nomthelela omubi.
Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi ukwakheka kwabo okungathandeki, okuvame ukuvezwa emifanekisweni yentamo yezimvu, izinqubo ezimise okwesikela, imizimba eyizigaxa eyinde ngokweqile, evame ukungondleki, mhlawumbe nayo ayizange ilusize lolu hlobo.
Kepha uhlobo lwe-Akhal-Teke luyavela, futhi yize lwenzelwe ikakhulukazi ukugijimela eRussia naseTurkmenistan, abalimi abambalwa njengamanje bakhethelwe ukuthola ukuhlangana okudingayo, ubumnene, ikhono lokugxuma, ezemidlalo nokunyakaza okuzothuthukisa ikhono labo lokwenza kangcono nokuncintisana. ngempumelelo emikhakheni yamahhashi.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ihhashi lika-Akhal-Teke eRussia
Ihhashi lasendulo laseTurkmen laliphakeme kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zesimanje kangangokuba ihhashi lalifunwa kakhulu. AmaTurkmen enze konke okusemandleni ukuvimbela ukusabalala okungalawuleki kwamahhashi abo adumile. Noma kunjalo, bakwazile ukugcina izimfanelo ezinhle nobuhle behhashi labo lesizwe.
Kuze kube muva nje, bebengaziwa ngaphandle kwezwe labo, iTurkmenistan. Namuhla kunamahhashi angaba ngu-6 000 kuphela e-Akhal-Teke emhlabeni, ikakhulukazi eRussia nasezweni labo laseTurkmenistan, lapho ihhashi liyigugu lesizwe khona.
Namuhla ihhashi i-Akhal-Teke ngokuyinhloko liyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Ozakwabo basePheresiya baqhubeka bekhuliswa ngendlela yokuzalanisa futhi basengakhonjwa njengezinhlobo ezihlukile, yize ukuxubana kwezinhlobo kwenzeka njalo.
Leli hhashi liya ngokuya laziwa emhlabeni, njengoba ukuhlaziywa kwe-DNA kukhombisile ukuthi igazi lalo ligobhoza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zethu zamahhashi zesimanje. Igalelo lakhe kwezofuzo likhulu kakhulu, indaba yakhe ingeyothando, nabantu ababakhulisayo baphila ngendlela efanayo naleyo abebehlala ngayo eminyakeni engu-2000 eyedlule.
Ihhashi lika-Akhal-Teke Ingabe uhlobo lwasendulo lwamahhashi oluphawu lukazwelonke lweTurkmenistan. Uhlobo lozalo lokuziqhenya luqala emuva ezikhathini zasendulo naseGrisi yasendulo. Lolu hlobo luyihhashi elihlanzeke kakhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni futhi selineminyaka engaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu likhona. Namuhla lawa mahhashi abhekwa njengelungelo lokugibela. Imvamisa ibizwa ngehhashi lomgibeli oyedwa ngoba yenqaba ukuba yinoma yini ngaphandle komnikazi wayo weqiniso.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 11.09.2019
Usuku lokuvuselela: 25.08.2019 ngo-1: 01
