Indawo yokulala ifana kakhulu nengwejeje. Ihlala ezihlahleni ezingxenyeni eziningi zaseRussia futhi izondla ngezithelo, amantongomane nokusanhlamvu. Lezi zilwane zingagcinwa ekhaya ngokuthenga esitolo sezilwane. Ama-regiment akwaSony ahlukaniswa iqiniso lokuthi alala kakhulu emini futhi asebenza kakhulu ebusuku - ngenxa yale ndlela yokuphila, la magundane anegama lawo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Sonya polchok
Indlu yokulala iyisilwane somndeni we-dormouse. Lawa amagundane amancane, ngaphandle afana kakhulu namagundane. Ubude bomzimba, kuye ngohlobo, buhluka kusuka ku-8 cm kuye ku-20 cm.Ihlukile kumagundane ngoba umsila mfushane impela kunomzimba - lokhu kungenxa yendlela yokuphila yama-carotians, lapho bevame ukugibela iziqu nezihlahla.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Umsila wezinye izinhlobo zezinwele zokulala futhi uyindlela yensindiso. Uma umhlaseli ebabamba ngomsila, isikhumba esingenhla singaphuma emsileni bese i-dormouse ibaleka ngokuthula, ishiye isitha ngengqimba yaso engenhla yesikhumba somsila.
AbakwaSony ababizwa ngegama labo hhayi ngengozi - basebusuku, futhi balale emini. Ngaphandle kokuthi zingezamagundane, ukudla kwabo kuhluka kakhulu futhi kwehlukile, kuya ngohlobo lwezinwele zokulala. Amagundane yi-oda elincanyana kakhulu lezilwane ezincelisayo. USonya ubala izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-28, ezihlukaniswe ngemikhakha eyisishiyagalolunye.
Ividiyo: Sonya Polchok
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-dormouse:
- I-dormouse yase-Afrika;
- USonya Christie;
- indlu yokulala enamaqabunga amafushane;
- i-guinea dormouse;
- i-dormouse e-fluffy evela kuhlobo lwe-dormouse yehlathi;
- Indlu yokulala yaseSichuan;
- i-hazel dormouse;
- Indawo yokulala yegundane lase-Iranian.
Izinsalela zokuqala zamagundane, ezisondele kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ze-dormouse, zibuyela emuva ku-Eocene Ephakathi. E-Afrika, lezi zilwane zavela e-Upper Miocene, futhi nangaphambi kwalokho - e-Asia. Lokhu kukhombisa ukufuduka ngempumelelo kwalezi zinhlobo kumazwekazi ahlukene. Izinhlobo ezine ze-dormouse zihlala eRussia: lawa yimibuso, ihlathi, i-hazel nensimu.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani i-dormouse
Sonya webutho kuyinto ngobukhulu sleepyheads. Ubude bomzimba wakhe busuka ku-13 kuye ku-8 cm, kanti isisindo sabesilisa singafinyelela ku-180 g, yize ekhaya i-dormouse ingakhuluphala ize ibe nesisindo esikhulu nakakhulu. I-dormouse ifana nesikwele esimpunga, kepha ngomthethosisekelo oshintshe kancane.
Leli butho linezindlebe ezincanyana nezinkulu, namehlo amnyama athe qwa kancane. Ikhala likhulu, alimboziwe ngezinwele, lipinki. Izimpunga ezimnyama noma ezimnyama ziyabonakala ngamehlo. Impumulo inezinwele eziningana eziqinile - izintshebe, ezibucayi kakhulu futhi zisiza amakhanda okulala ekutholeni ukudla.
Umzimba uvulekile, obonakala kuphela lapho i-dormouse ihamba. Umsila omfushane kwesinye isikhathi ufana ne-squirrel noboya bayo, kepha, njengomthetho, ama-dormouse regiments awanayo ingubo ejiyile ngokweqile emsileni. Ijazi lemibuso lide futhi lithambile, limpunga ngesiliva. Isisu, intamo nengaphakathi lemilenze kumhlophe. Uboya bufushane, kepha okwesikhashana babaziswa phakathi kwabazingeli. Ama-regiment-regiments anesembozo esinyene esivumela ukuthi baphile ngenkathi ebandayo. Izidladla zemibuso ziyaqina, zinezinzwane ezinde, zingenaboya ngokuphelele.
Okuhamba kakhulu yizinzwane zokuqala nezesihlanu, ezihoxiswa zibheke kokunye izinzwane. Lokhu kuvumela i-dormouse ukuthi ibambe ngokuqinile amagatsha ezihlahla futhi ibanjiswe emoyeni.
I-dimorphism yezocansi phakathi kwe-dormouse cishe ayibonwa. Kuyaziwa ukuthi imibuso yabesilisa inombala omnyama futhi inkulu ngosayizi kunabesifazane. Futhi, emadodeni, izindandatho ezimnyama ezizungeze amehlo ziyabonakala kakhulu, futhi umsila uyacwebezela, uvame ukufana nesikwele.
Ihlala kuphi i-dormouse?
Isithombe: Indawo yokulala yezilwane ezincane
I-Dormouse ingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-dormouse.
Ekuqaleni, imibuso yama-sony yayihlala ezindaweni ezilandelayo:
- indawo eyisicaba, izintaba namahlathi aseYurophu;
- ICaucasus neTranscaucasia;
- IFrance;
- ENyakatho yeSpain;
- Isifunda seVolga;
- Igalikuni;
- ENyakatho Iran.
Kamuva imibuso yakwaSony yalethwa eGreat Britain, eChiltern Hills. Futhi abantu abancane batholakala phakathi kweziqhingi zaseMedithera: iSardinia, iSicily, iCorsica, iCorfu neCrete. Kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala eTurkmenistan nase-Ashgabat.
I-Russia igcwele ngokungalingani yi-dormouse, lolu hlobo luhlala lodwa ezindaweni eziningi ezinkulu. Isibonelo, bahlala eKursk, eduze noMfula iVolga, eNizhny Novgorod, Tatarstan, Chuvashia naseBashkiria.
Enyakatho, aziziningi kangako - kuphela eduze noMfula i-Oka, njengoba abantu bengahambisani kahle namazinga okushisa aphansi. Eningizimu yengxenye yeYurophu yaseRussia, alikho ibutho, kepha litholakala eduze kwamagquma eCaucasus. Inani labantu elikhulu kunawo wonke le-dormouse lihlala esiqhingini seCaucasus naseTranscaucasus.
Okucacile kwe-dormouse ukuthi cishe ayihlehli emhlabathini isuka ezihlahleni, ihamba kuphela emagatsheni naseziqu ezinzima. Emhlabeni, i-dormouse iyona esengozini kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ama-dormouse regiments ajwayelekile kuphela ezindaweni lapho kunezihlahla eziningi nezihlahlana.
Manje uyazi ukuthi i-dormouse ihlala kuphi. Ake sithole ukuthi igundane lidlani.
Yini edliwa yi-dormouse?
Isithombe: Rodent dormouse-polchok
Ngaphandle kokuthi amagundane amaningi anomnivorous, i-dormouse iyizilwane ezidla inyama kuphela.
Ukudla kwabo kuvame ukufaka:
- ama-acorn;
- hazel;
- ama-walnuts. USonya ngobuhlakani uqhekeza igobolondo eliqinile, kodwa uyakwazi ukunquma ukuvuthwa kwamantongomane ngaphandle kokuwunqamula;
- ama-chestnut;
- izimpande ze-beech;
- amapheya;
- ama-apula;
- amagilebhisi;
- ama-plums;
- ama-cherries;
- kamalibhele;
- imbewu yamagilebhisi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kwesinye isikhathi ama-slugs, amacimbi kanye nezimbungulu ezidla imifino kutholakala esiswini semibuso. Lokhu kungenxa yokungenwa ngengozi kwezinambuzane ekudleni kwesitshalo se-dormouse.
Ziphila ngokudla ama-dormouse-regiment ngaphandle kokushiya izihlahla.Zikhetha ngokukhetha izithelo: ukukha iberry noma inadi, ziqale zilume. Uma bekuthanda ukudla, bayakudla, kuthi uma isithelo singakavuthwa, bakuphonse phansi. Lokhu kuziphatha kuheha amabhere nezingulube zasendle, eza ukuzodla izithelo ezikhiwe ngamakhanda okulala.
Isikhathi eside, ama-dormouse regiments abe yinkinga yomhlaba wezolimo kanye nezivini, okwaholela ekubhujisweni kwemibuso. La magundane acekela phansi amasimu ommbila nezinhlamvu eziphelele, futhi aqothula amagilebhisi nezinye izithelo, amajikijolo nemifino.
Ekhaya, i-dormouse iphuza ubisi lwenkomo ngokuzithandela futhi idle izithelo ezomisiwe. Azikhethi ngokudla, ngakho-ke zondla idokodo lasekhaya ngamabele, ahlanjululwa ngobisi. AbakwaSony regiments bajwayela ngokushesha ukudla okusha.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-Dormouse ngokwemvelo
Ama-Dormouse regiments ahlala emahlathini ahlabayo futhi axubekile, lapho kutholakala khona indawo yabo eyiziqhumane. Ebusuku, imibuso iyizilwane ezisheshayo nezisheshayo ezigudla umphezulu wezihlahla futhi zeqe zisuka egatsheni ziye egatsheni.
Emini, ama-dormouse regiments alala, okubenza babe mancane amathuba okuthi babe yizinto zokuzingela izilwane. Bakha izidleke emigodini yezihlahla, hhayi kancane ematsheni nasezimpandeni. Izidleke zifakwe ngotshani, izinkuni ezifile, ubulembu, inyoni phansi nomhlanga.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ama-dermouse regiments akhetha izindlu zezinyoni nezinye izidleke zezinyoni zokufakelwa, ehlela ama-rooker abo ngaphezulu kwazo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinyoni ezindala zivame ukuyeka ukundiza ziye esidlekeni, ngenxa yalokho kufa imvuthu namachwane.
Ehlobo, ama-regiments athola isisindo ngenkuthalo, futhi lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo bayalala ebusuku - lokhu kwehla cishe ngenyanga ka-Okthoba. Imvamisa zilala kuze kube uMeyi noma uJuni, kepha izinyanga zingahluka ngokuya ngendawo yegundane. Izilwane zilala ngamaqembu, yize ziphila impilo yodwa.
Impilo yasebusuku yalezi zinhlobo zamagundane iboshelwe emahoreni emini, hhayi ezikhathini ezithile zesikhathi. Lapho ubusuku bufinyezwa, ama-regiment nawo anciphisa isikhathi sabo somsebenzi, futhi ngokufanayo. Eqinisweni, ama-dormouse regiment akwazi ukusebenza emini, ondle futhi ahambahambe, kepha lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi ngabadli bezilwane abaningi basemini.
Ekhaya, ama-sony regiments ajwayela impilo yasemini. Izinhloko zokulala ezikhuliswe ngabafuyi zingena kalula ezandleni zazo, zibone umuntu wazo ngephunga nangezwi, zithanda ukuphululwa. Bakhuphuka ngentshisekelo kumuntu, bembona njengesihlahla.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-baby dormouse
Cishe amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuphuma ebusika, isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala e-dormouse. Abesilisa baziphatha ngomsindo omkhulu: njalo ebusuku bazama ukuheha abesifazane ngokuncinza, futhi bahlela nokulwa bodwa. Kuwo wonke uJulayi, ama-dormouse regiment aziphatha ngale ndlela, efuna umlingani.
Ngemuva kokuba owesifazane esezikhethele owesilisa, ukukhwelana kuyenzeka. Ngemuva kwalokho, owesifazane nowesilisa abasabonani, futhi wonke ama-dermouse regiments abuyela endleleni yabo ejwayelekile yokuphila.
Ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-25, okufushane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-chipmunks kanye nezingwejeje. I-dormouse izala amawundlu angama-3-5 anesisindo esingeqile kwamabili nohhafu wamagremu. Ubude bomzimba we-dormouse esanda kuzalwa cishe bungu-30 mm. Amabhubesi ebutho azalwa engenalusizo ngokuphelele akhula ngokushesha okukhulu, seluvele ngosuku lwesikhombisa, lumbozwe ngoboya obukhulu.
Ngosuku lwama-20, amazinyo aqhuma emibuthanweni, futhi usayizi unyuka ngamahlandla ama-5. Ijazi liyajiya, kuvela ijazi elingaphansi elijiyile. Kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-25, amawundlu adla ubisi, futhi ngemuva kwalokho ayakwazi ukuzitholela ukudla ngokwawo.
Izinsuku ezinhlanu zokuqala ngemuva kokushiya isidleke, ama-dermouse regiments aseduze kukanina, futhi ngemuva kwalokho ayakwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela ukudla. Sekukonke, ama-dormouse regiments aphila cishe iminyaka emihlanu nengxenye, kepha ekhaya, isikhathi sokuphila sikhula sibe yiminyaka eyisithupha.
Izitha zemvelo zebutho lesony
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani i-dormouse
I-dormouse-regiment inciphise inani lezitha zemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka ngenxa yendlela yayo yokuphila yasebusuku. Ngakho-ke, izitha zalo kuphela izikhova, ikakhulukazi - izikhova. Lezi zinyoni zibamba izixuku ngqo emagatsheni ezihlahla uma isilwane singenaso isikhathi sokucasha emgodini noma emgodini.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: ERoma lasendulo, inyama yokulala yayithathwa njengesibiliboco, njengenyama yamanye amagundane amancane. Babebhakwa ngoju futhi bakhuliswa ezingadini ezikhethekile.
Ama-Ferrets nawo ayingozi ekuqedeni ama-regiment. Lezi zilwane ziyakwazi ukufihla nokukhuphuka ukuphakama kwezihlahla eziphansi, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi zingabamba indawo yokulala engenamqondo. AmaFerrets futhi akhuphuka kalula ezindlini ezifihlekile zemibuthano ye-dormouse, acekela izidleke zawo futhi abulale amawundlu.
AbakwaSony regiments abakwazi ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, ngakho-ke abangakwenza nje ukugijima bacashe. Kodwa-ke, uma i-dormouse izama ukubamba umuntu, isilwane siyakwazi ukumluma ngisho nokumthelela.
Ngakho-ke, ama-dormouse regiment abanjwe endle awaziboleki ekufuyweni. Yizilwane kuphela ezikhuliswe kusukela ekuzalweni eduze komuntu ezikwazi ukuzwana kahle ekhaya, ukujwayela umnikazi wazo futhi azimboni njengesitha.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Indawo yokulala yezilwane ezincane
Ngaphandle kokuthi uboya be-dormouse buhle futhi bufudumele, bebuvunwa ngamanani amancane kuphela. Ngo-1988, lolu hlobo lwalubhalwe kuRed Book eTula naseRyazan, kodwa ngokushesha abantu balulama ngokushesha. Yize ama-dormouse regiment ekhawulelwe ezindaweni zawo zokuhlala, izindlela zokubuyiselwa nokuvikelwa kwezinhlobo azidingeki.
Inombolo yama-dormouse-regiments iyahluka ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, inani labantu liyahlupheka eTranscaucasia, lapho kugawulwa khona amahlathi okusebenzayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa komhlaba omusha wezitshalo zezolimo. Yize kunjalo, lokhu akusithinti kakhulu isibalo sabantu.
INingizimu neNtshonalanga Yurophu zigcwele abantu abaningi ngama-dormouse-regiments. AmaRegiment ahlala eduze kwamadolobha namadolobha ukuze ondle izivini, izivande nezinsimu zezolimo, yingakho kwesinye isikhathi zifakwa ubuthi. Lokhu futhi akuthinti isibalo sabantu bendawo yokulala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-dormouse regiments yizilwane okulula ukuzikhulisa ekhaya. Azidingi amapharamitha wokugcina aphezulu, zidla noma yikuphi ukudla kwamagundane, imifino, izithelo nemixube yemifino. Ama-regiment wekhanda lokulala anobungane kubantu futhi aze azalele ekuthunjweni.
La magundane amancane ajwayelekile ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. Indawo yokulala iyaqhubeka nokuhola indlela yabo ejwayelekile yokuphila, ngaphandle kwezinguquko zesimo sezulu nezemvelo kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Amagundane ajwayela izimo ezintsha zokuphila, futhi azikho izinto ezithinta ukuzala kwawo.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 09/05/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 25.09.2019 ngo-10: 44
