Iphela laseMadagascar Ingabe ingenye yezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezijabulisayo zomdabu esiqhingini saseMadagascar. Lesi sinambuzane sibukeka futhi sizwakala sihlukile kunoma yini enye. Yisinambuzane esithandekayo ngenxa yekhono laso elingavamile lokukhiqiza umsindo. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka kwakhe okungajwayelekile nokuziphatha kwakhe okucabangayo nakho kunomthelela ekukhangeni kwakhe.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Iphela laseMadagascar
Amaphela aseMadagascar ayizinhlobo ezivamile ezitholakala kuphela esiqhingini saseMadagascar. Phakathi kwezihlobo eziseduze zamaphela aheshayo eMadagascar kukhona ama-mantids, izintethe, izinambuzane ezinamathele kanye nomuhlwa.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Amaphela aseMadagascar aziwa ngokuthi "izinsalela eziphilayo" ngoba lezi zinambuzane zifana kakhulu namaphela asendulo ayephila eMhlabeni kudala ngaphambi kwama-dinosaurs.
Amaphela aseMadagascar athambile, kulula ukuwanakekela, futhi avame ukugcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Badinga igumbi elincane elinendawo yokucasha ngoba bakhetha ukuphuma ekukhanyeni. Ngenxa yokuthambekela kwabo ukukhuphuka, indawo yokuhlala kufanele ihlolwe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi bangaphuma yini ocingweni.
Ividiyo: Iphela laseMadagascar
Ama-aquariums noma ama-terrarium atholakala ezitolo zezilwane asebenza kahle, kepha kuwukuhlakanipha ukumboza ama-cm ambalwa aphezulu engilazi nge-petroleum jelly ukuwavimbela ukuba ashiye indawo yawo yokuhlala. Bangaphila ngemifino emisha kanye nanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwama-pellets aphezulu njengokudla kwenja eyomile. Amanzi anganikezwa ngokugcina isiponji esimanzi endaweni yaso yemvelo.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Kwezinye izindawo, abantu badla amaphela ahoshelayo ngoba anamaprotheni amaningi futhi atholakala kalula. Ukudla kwezinambuzane kubizwa ngokuthi i-entomophagy.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Libukeka kanjani iphela laseMadagascar
Iphela laseMadagascar (iGromphadorhina portentosa), elaziwa nangokuthi iqhude elihoshelayo, likhula lifike ku-7.5 cm selikhulile. La maphela angenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu zamaphela. Ansundu, awanazimpiko futhi anezimpondo ezinde. Abesilisa banamaqhuqhuva amakhulu esifubeni nasezimpondweni, eziswakeme kakhulu kunabesifazane.
Ngokungafani namanye amaphela amaningi, awanamaphiko. Bangabaqali abahle kakhulu futhi bangakhuphuka ngengilazi ebushelelezi. Abesilisa bahlukaniswa nabesifazane ngezimpondo ezijiyile, ezinoboya futhi babizwa "ngezimpondo" kusimemezelo. Izinsikazi ziphatha ibhokisi lamaqanda ngaphakathi bese zikhipha izibungu ezincane kuphela ngemuva kokuchamuselwa.
Njengamanye amaphela ahlala ehlathini, abazali nezingane bavame ukuhlala bathintana isikhathi eside. Ekuthunjweni, lezi zinambuzane zingaphila iminyaka emi-5. Zondla kakhulu ngezinto zokutshala.
Ngenkathi izinambuzane eziningi zisebenzisa umsindo, iphela leHhesing laseMadagascar linendlela eyingqayizivele yokwenza ikhwela. Kulesi sinambuzane, umsindo wenziwa ngokususwa komoya okuphoqelelwe ngamabhangqa wesisu aguquliwe.
I-spiracles yizimbobo zokuphefumula eziyingxenye yohlelo lokuphefumula lwalesi sinambuzane. Njengoba imigwaqo yomoya ibandakanyeka ekuphefumuleni, le ndlela yokukhiqiza umsindo ifana nomsindo wokuphefumula okhishwa ama-vertebrate. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezinye izinambuzane eziningi zenza umsindo ngokuhlikihla izingxenye zomzimba (njengamakhilikithi) noma ngokudlidliza ulwelwesi (njengama-cicadas).
Ihlala kuphi iphela laseMadagascar?
Isithombe: IMadagascar hesing cockroach
Lezi zinambuzane ezinkulu zikhula kahle ezindaweni ezifudumele futhi ziba buthakathaka emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Kuncane okwaziwayo ngemvelo yawo, kepha lesi sinambuzane mhlawumbe sihlala enhlabathini yehlathi ngezingodo ezibolile futhi sidla izithelo eziwile.
Amaphela aseMadagascar ahalalisayo ahlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama kubandakanya:
- indawo ngaphansi kwezingodo ezibolile;
- izindawo zokuhlala ehlathini;
- izindawo ezishisayo.
Amaphela aseMadagascar azalwa esiqhingini saseMadagascar. Njengoba zingazalelwanga kuleli, lezi zinambuzane kuyaqabukela zidale ukungena kwamaphela ekhaya.
Ukugcina la maphela ekhaya, kufanele ilandelwe le mithetho elandelayo:
- i-aquarium noma esinye isitsha kufanele sibe sikhulu ngokwanele ukuvumela amaphela ukuthi ahambe. Sula ipulasitiki noma ingilazi kungcono kakhulu ukuze ukwazi ukubheka kalula ukusebenza kwabo;
- badinga isembozo sethangi ukuze bangaphunyuki. Yize zingenamaphiko, zihamba impela futhi zingakhuphuka ezinhlangothini zesitsha;
- okombhede wegundane noma ukushefa ngokhuni kuzolingana ezansi kwekheji. Izindwangu zokulala kufanele zishintshwe ngezikhathi ezithile, ikakhulukazi uma kunomswakama ophakeme;
- udinga ibhlokhi noma ugodo ukuze ukhase. Amaphela avame ukuba nolaka uma into ikhona ehhokweni;
- kufanele kube neshubhu eligcwele amanzi futhi limbozwe ngokotini. Amaphela azophuza amanzi kakotini abese ewaphindisela kubhubhu ukuze agcine emanzi;
- amanzi kufanele aguqulwe masonto onke.
Lidla ini iphela laseMadagascar?
Isithombe: Iphela lesifazane laseMadagascar
Emvelweni wabo wemvelo, amaphela aseMadagascar ahalalisayo ayinzuzo njengabathengi bokuwa nokubola.
Amaphela abizwa ngama-omnivores adla kakhulu kuwo:
- izidumbu zezilwane;
- izithelo eziwile;
- izitshalo ezibolayo;
- izinambuzane ezincane.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Njengama-99% azo zonke izinhlobo zamaphela, amaphela aseMadagascar awazona izinambuzane futhi awahlali emakhaya abantu.
Lezi zinambuzane zihlala phansi ehlathini, lapho zicasha khona phakathi kwamaqabunga awile, izingodo nokunye okonakele. Ebusuku, baba matasa kakhudlwana futhi basuse ukudla, bondle ikakhulukazi izithelo noma izinto zokutshala.
Ekhaya, amaphela aseMadagascar kufanele ondliwe ngemifino nezithelo ezintsha, kanye namaqabunga aluhlaza (ngaphandle kwelethisi yeqhwa) kuhlangene nokudla okuphezulu kwamaphrotheni njengokudla kwenja eyomile.
Izaqathe zibonakala ziyintandokazi, kanye namawolintshi, ama-aphula, ubhanana, utamatisi, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ithanga, uphizi, imidumba yepea neminye imifino enemibala. Susa imfucumfucu yokudla ngemuva kwesikhashana ukugwema ukonakala. Amanzi kufanele afakwe esitsheni esingajulile ngokotini noma enye into ekwazi ukumunca uketshezi ukugcina amaphela akho angaminzi.
Amaphela aseMadagascar aqinile njengamaphela amaningi futhi anezinkinga ezimbalwa zempilo. Kubalulekile ukuqapha ukuphela kwamanzi. Uma iphela lakho lesilwane libukeka lishwabene noma lishwabene, mhlawumbe alitholi amanzi anele.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ungondla kanjani iphela laseMadagascar. Ake sibone ukuthi usinda kanjani endle.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Iphela lowesilisa waseMadagascar
Abesilisa basebenzisa izimpondo lapho behlangabezana nolaka, okukhumbuza izimpi eziphakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezinezimpondo noma ezinezimpondo. Abaphikisi bashayana ngezimpondo (noma ngesisu) futhi bavame ukukhipha isimangaliso esimangalisayo ngesikhathi sokulwa.
Amaphela aseMadagascar akhipha umsindo wehsos abadume ngawo.
Izinhlobo ezine zakhe zikhonjwe ngezinhloso ezahlukene zenhlalo namaphethini we-amplitude:
- ikhwela lomlwi wesilisa;
- ukuqoma ukuqomisa;
- ukuhlanganisa ikhwela;
- i-alarm hers (ikhefu elikhulu elethusa izilwane ezizingelayo).
Iphela likhala, lidudule umoya ngazimbili zeziphephelo eziguquliwe, okuyizikhala ezincane lapho umoya ungena khona ohlelweni lokuphefumula lwalesi sinambuzane. Ama-spiracles atholakala ezinhlangothini zesifuba nesisu. Zithathwa njengesinye sezinambuzane kuphela ezisebenzisa imishayo yazo ukwenza umsindo. Iningi lezinye izinambuzane zenza umsindo ngokuzihlikihla izingxenye zemizimba yazo ndawonye noma ngokudlidliza iziphicaphicwano zazo.
Amaphela wesilisa aseMadagascar ahalalisela kakhulu njengoba besungula izindawo futhi bezivikela kwabanye abesilisa. Usayizi wendawo yabo incane. Eyeduna ingahlala edwaleni izinyanga imvikele kwamanye amaduna, imshiye ethola ukudla namanzi kuphela.
Ukuqhumisa nokuthukuthela okunolaka kusetshenziselwa ukwazisa abanye abesilisa nabazingeli - eyeduna enkudlwana evame ukuwina kaningi. Indoda evelele izoma ngezinzwane zayo, ezibizwa ngokuthi yinqwaba. Ukuthungwa kuyindlela yabesilisa yokubukisa. Abesilisa basebenzisa i-pronotum humps njengendlela yokuzivikela. Isimemezelo yisakhiwo se-lamellar esimboza iningi le-ribcage yabo. Ukulwa phakathi kwabesilisa akubangeli ukulimala.
Abesifazane banobungane kakhulu futhi abalwi bodwa noma abesilisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, azithambekele kakhulu ekuhosheni, yize ngezikhathi ezingavamile lonke ikoloni lingaqala ukuhayiza ngazwi linye. Isizathu salokhu kuziphatha asikaqondakali. Abesifazane bathwala iqanda bangene ngaphakathi bese bekhipha izibungu ezincane kuphela ngemuva kokuchamuselwa. Njengamanye amaphela ahlala enkuni, abazali kanye nenzalo bavame ukuhlala besondelene ngokomzimba isikhathi eside.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Amantshontsho weqhude laseMadagascar
Iphela laseMadagascar lize liqale ngisho nempilo yalo ngendlela engajwayelekile. Umjikelezo wempilo yamaphela aseMadagascar mude futhi wehlukile kwamanye amaphela amaningi. Abesifazane bane-oviparous, owesifazane ubeka amaqanda futhi akhulise izibungu ezisanda kuzalwa emzimbeni wakhe cishe izinsuku ezingama-60 aze abe yizibungu zokuqala.
Owesifazane oyedwa angakhiqiza izibungu ezingafika ku-30-60. Lesi sinambuzane sinomjikelezo wokuphila ongaphelele: iqanda, isibungu nesigaba sokuvuthwa. Izibungu ziba nama-molts ayisithupha ngaphambi kokuvuthwa ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-7. Izibungu nabantu abadala abangenazimpiko bangaphila kusuka eminyakeni emi-2 kuye kwengu-5.
Kunokwehluka okuphawulekayo phakathi kobulili. Abesilisa banezimpondo ezinkulu ngemuva kwamakhanda abo, kanti abesifazane bane "bumps" abancane. Ukuba khona kwezimpondo zangaphambili kuvumela ukuqashelwa kalula kobulili. Abesilisa banezimpondo ezinoboya, kuyilapho abesifazane benezimpondo ezibushelelezi. Ukuziphatha kwabesilisa nabesifazane nakho kwehlukile: abesilisa kuphela abanolaka.
IMadagascar cockroaches molt (ichitha isikhumba sayo sangaphandle) amahlandla ayisithupha ngaphambi kokuvuthwa. Lesi yisikhathi lapho iphela lisengozini kakhulu. Angahle angadli usuku lonke ngaphambi kokuncibilika njengoba elungiselela umzimba wakhe ukwenza le nqubo. Lapho ifinyelela ezinyangeni eziyi-7, iyeka ukuchitheka futhi ifinyelele ekuvuthweni.
Izitha zemvelo zamaphela aseMadagascar
Isithombe: Abukeka kanjani amaphela aseMadagascar
Amaphela aseMadagascar kungenzeka ukuthi anezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezidla ezinye, kepha buncane ubudlelwane obubhaliwe phakathi kwazo. Ama-Arachnids, izintuthwane, ama-tenrecs kanye nezinye izinyoni zasemhlabeni mhlawumbe yizona ezidla lawa maphela. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isu lokulawula izilwane ezidliwayo liyisixwayiso se-alamu, lenza umsindo omkhulu, ofana nenyoka ongashaya izitha ezingaba khona.
I-Androlaelaps schaeferi mite, phambilini ebibizwa ngeGromphadorholaelaps schaeferi, iyigciwane elijwayelekile lephela laseMadagascar. Lezi zibungu zakha amaqoqo amancane abantu abane kuya kwabayisithupha ngaphansi komlenze wephathi labo. Yize ekuqaleni le nsumpa kucatshangwa ukuthi iyopha (imunca igazi), ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhombisile ukuthi imbuzane imane "yabelana" ngokudla kwephela.
Kepha, njengoba lezi zibungu zingawalimazi amaphela ezihlala kuwo, zingama-commensals kunokuba ama-parasites ngaphandle kokuthi zifinyelele emazingeni angajwayelekile futhi zilambise ababungazi bazo phansi. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhombisile ukuthi lezi zibungu zingaba nezindawo ezizuzisa amaphela, njengoba zihlanza indawo yamaphela ezinhlamvu zesikhunta ezibangela izifo, nakho okwandisa iminyaka yokuphila kwamaphela.
Izinambuzane ngokwazo azilethi ingozi eyaziwayo kubantu. Abesilisa banolaka olukhulu futhi bavame ukulwa nabesilisa abaphikisanayo. Amaphela abesilisa akha futhi avikele izindawo esebenzisa umsindo oyingqayizivele. Ziyindawo enkulu futhi zisebenzisa izimpondo zazo ekulweni. Abesifazane bahayiza kuphela lapho bephazamiseka.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: IMadagascar hesing cockroach
Iphela laseMadagascar lidlala indima ekulahleni inani elikhulu lezinto ezibolile zezitshalo nezilwane emahlathini emvula aseMadagascar. Lolu hlobo luyingxenye yomjikelezo wezakhi emahlathini aseMalagasy. Lawa mahlathi ayimithombo ebalulekile yezingodo, ikhwalithi yamanzi neminye imikhiqizo yemvelo.
Amaphela aseMadagascar abalwa njengoMncane osengozini ye-IUCN, inhlangano ehamba phambili yokongiwa komhlaba. Lezi zinhlobo zaziwa kahle eMadagascar futhi zivumelane kahle nezinguquko endaweni yazo. Kodwa-ke, ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi kubhekwa njengosongo olubaluleke kakhulu lwesikhathi eside kulokhu nakwezinye izinhlobo zamahlathi eMadagascar.
Njengoba iphela laseMadagascar litholakala kuphela eMadagascar, kuncane kakhulu okwenziwe ukulondoloza lezi zinhlobo. Lokhu kungenxa yezidubedube zezepolitiki. Selokhu abantu baseMadagascar baxoshwa ngamakoloniyali aseFrance ngeminyaka yama-1960, izwe selisukile kobushiqela laya entandweni yeningi. Kunzima kososayensi bezinto eziphilayo ukuthi bahlole le ndawo ngenxa yenqwaba yemigwaqo edlulayo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngenxa "yenkululeko" kanye nosizo lwamazwe omhlaba kososayensi bezinto eziphilayo, kube lula ukutadisha iMadagascar kugcizelelwa iphela elihoshelayo. Amaphela aseMadagascar aminyene ehlathini. Lezi zindawo zehlathi lemvelo ziyafa ngenxa yokonakala nokuqhekeka, okwenza iMadagascar ibe yinto ephambili kubalondolozi bezinto eziphilayo.
Iphela laseMadagascar Ingabe iphela elikhulu elingenamaphiko elivela eMadagascar, isiqhingi esisogwini lwe-Afrika. Yinambuzane ethokozisayo ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo, indlela yokuziphatha kanye nendlela yayo yokuxhumana. Iphela laseMadagascar kulula ukuligcina futhi likhule, likwenze kube lula ukugcinwa ekhaya njengesilwane esifuywayo.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/07/2019
Usuku lokuvuselela: 09/28/2019 ngo-22: 38
