Impala - izakhamuzi ezinomusa ze-savannah yase-Afrika. Zinokubonakala okubonakalayo: imilenze emide ezacile, izimpondo ezimise okwekati kanye nezinwele zegolide. Impala yizakhamizi ezivame kakhulu e-Afrika.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Impala
Impala ibizwa nangokuthi yizinhlwathi ezimnyama. Isikhathi eside kwakubhekiselwa kuyo njengensephe ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo, kepha ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwe ososayensi lukhombisile ukuthi luhlobene kakhulu namaBubals, umndeni "wezinhlwathi" zezinkomo ezinkulu.
Lo mndeni uthole leli gama ngenxa yogebhezi olulenziwe, olubunjwe njengenkomo. I-Antelope idinga ugebhezi olunjalo ukuze ibambe kamnandi izimpondo ezinkulu ezisindayo wonke amalungu omndeni anazo.
Ividiyo: Impala
Ama-Antelopes afaka zonke izinhlobo zezilwane zezinkomo - lezi yizilwane ezinezimpondo ezinesembozo esiqinile ngaphandle, kodwa zingenalutho ngaphakathi. Kubandakanya konke, ngaphandle kwezinkomo, izimvu nezinqama.
Sekukonke, ama-antelopes afaka imindeni engama-7-8, ngokuya ngokungafani kososayensi:
- izinhlwathi zangempela;
- i-roe antelope;
- ama-saber antelopes;
- izinhlwathi ezincane;
- bubala;
- abaphathi;
- impala;
- futhi uhlukanise eminye imikhaya yezinkunzi, izimbuzi zamanzi nama-pronghorn.
Zonke izinhlwathi, kufaka phakathi impala, zinesiqu esifushane, umzimba omncane nombala wokufihla. Ngenxa yemilenze yabo emide ezacile, bangakhula ngesivinini esikhulu, okubavumela ukuthi baphile ezimweni lapho kujwayelekile izilwane ezidla ezinye.
Ama-Antelopes abuyela kokhokho abafanayo ababa ngokhokho bawo wonke ama-artiodactyl anezimpondo. Umjikelezo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo wezimpala nezinye izinhlwathi usekelwe esakhiweni sazo sezimpondo - lezi yizimpondo zamathambo ezinde ezingenalutho ngaphakathi, kuyilapho izimpondo zezinye izilwane ezidla utshani zinesakhiwo esibi noma esiqinile.
Lesi sakhiwo sivunyiwe ukuhamba okuphezulu kwe-impala. Ziyakwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha nokugxuma okude, futhi izimpondo ezisindayo zingazivimba ekubalekeleni izilwane ezizingelayo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani impala
Impala akuyona inhlwathi enkulu kunazo zonke. Ubude bomzimba wakhe bufinyelela ku-120-150 cm, kwabesifazane nabesilisa, ngokulandelana. Ukuphakama kubuna kusuka ku-80 kuye ku-90 cm, isisindo esingama-40-60 kg. I-dimorphism yezocansi ayivezwa ngosayizi kuphela, kepha futhi lapho kukhona khona izimpondo, ngoba abesifazane, ngokungafani nabesilisa, abanazo izimpondo.
Impala inombala osagolide ngombala, inesisu esimhlophe nentamo emhlophe. Intamo yinde, mncane, futhi igobile kahle. IMpala inemilenze emide, emincane, evumela lezi zilwane ukuba zigijime ngokushesha emabangeni amafushane.
Impala inemugca lomnyama lowehlukile lowehla uye emkhatsini uchaze imphumulo. Amathiphu ezindlebe ezinde ezimise okwembali ahlukaniswe ngombala omnyama. Izindlebe ze-Antelope zihamba kakhulu, njengomthetho, ziveza isimo samanje sesilwane. Uma zibuyiselwa emuva, khona-ke impala iyesaba noma ithukuthele, futhi uma ibekwa phambili, khona-ke isexwayisweni.
Impala inamehlo amakhulu amnyama enendawo enkulu emnyama eduze komsele wezinyembezi. Abesifazane banezimpondo ezimfishane, ezifana nezembuzi. Izimpondo zabesilisa zinde, zifinyelela kuma-90 cm, ngesakhiwo esicacile se-ribbed. Akuzona izinhlobo zokugoqa, kepha zinamajika amnandi ambalwa. Izimpondo zabesilisa zibalulekile esimweni sowesilisa phakathi komhlambi.
Impala inomsila omfishane, omhlophe ngaphakathi, ochazwe ngemivimbo emnyama. Umsila we-Antelope uvame ukwehliswa. Umsila uphakama kuphela lapho inhlwathi izolile, inolaka, noma izinyane lililandela.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Uhlangothi olumhlophe lomsila - okuthiwa "isibuko" - lubonakala njalo phakathi kwezinhlwathi nezinyamazane. Ngenxa yalo mbala, izinyane lilandela umama futhi alikhohlwa.
Umzimba wempala ungabonakala ukhulu maqondana nemilenze yawo emide, ezacile. Imfishane futhi inkulu kakhulu, ine-croup esindayo. Lokhu kubunjwa komzimba kubenza bakwazi ukwenza ukweqa okuphezulu nokude ngenxa yokudluliswa kwesisindo.
Ihlala kuphi impala?
Isithombe: Impala e-Afrika
Impala ngabamele abajwayelekile bezilwane zase-Afrika. Yizinhlobo zezinyamazane ezivame kakhulu ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Ngokuyinhloko, imihlambi emikhulu kunazo zonke ihlala eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Afrika, kodwa ngokuvamile indawo yokuhlala isukela enyakatho-mpumalanga.
Zitholakala emihlambini emikhulu kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
- IKenya;
- E-Uganda;
- IBotswana;
- IZaire;
- I-Angola.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Izimpala zase-Angola naseNamibia zihlala ezindaweni eziqhelile. Kwesinye isikhathi impala ezivela kulezi zifunda zibhekwa njengama-subspecies azimele, ngoba ngenxa yokuvala isihlobo esiseduze, bathola izici ngazinye - umbala okhethekile, omnyama wesifonyo.
Impala ihlala kuphela ema-savanna, futhi umbala wayo wokuzifihla ubeka phambili kulokhu. Uboya begolide buhlangana notshani obude obomile, lapho izinhlwathi ezingakhuli zihlala emihlambini emikhulu. Kunzima kakhulu kubadli bezilwane ukuthola amabhele abo, ukukhetha inyamazane phakathi komhlambi wezinhlwathi ezifanayo, ezihlangana ngombala nemvelo.
Ama-subspecies angawodwa e-impala angahlala eduze nehlathi. Izimpala zisengozini enkulu ezimileni eziminyene njengoba zinikeza indawo encane yokuhamba. IMpala ithembela ngqo emilenzeni nasejubaneni uma kuza ekubalekeleni umhlaseli.
Manje uyazi ukuthi isilwane se-impala sihlala kuphi. Ake sibone ukuthi inyamazane emnyama-yesihlanu idlani.
Idla ini impala?
Isithombe: Impala, noma inhlwathi emnyama-yesihlanu
Impala yizilwane ezidla inyama kuphela. Utshani obomile lapho lezi zinhlwathi zihlala khona abunamsoco kakhulu, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye isilwane sidinga umthombo wamandla oqhubekayo ukuze sithuthukise isivinini esikhulu uma sisongelwa. Ngakho-ke, inyamazane iphakela amahora angama-24 ngosuku, ikhombisa ukusebenza kwemini nobusuku. Kuyingozi ukuklaba ebusuku kunasemini. Ngakho-ke, ezinye zezimpala zigcoba utshani zibhekise amakhanda phansi, kanti ezinye zimile ziphakamise amakhanda, kube ngathi ziyaphumula - lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi zizwe ukusondela kwesilwane esidlayo.
Izimpala nazo zidinga ukuphumula, bese zishintsha amadlelo ziphumule. Ngezinsuku ezishisa ngokukhethekile, zithola izihlahla ezinde nezihlahlana, lapho zilala khona ngomthunzi. Bangakwazi futhi ukuma ngezinyawo zabo ngaphambili ngeziqu zemithi, bazidonsele emuva ngamahlamvu aluhlaza. Ngesikhathi semvula, i-savannah iyaqhakaza, futhi lesi yisikhathi esihle sama-impala. Zondla kakhulu ngotshani obuluhlaza obunomsoco kanye nezimpande nezithelo ezahlukahlukene, ezizimba ngaphansi komhlaba omanzi ngezinselo ezicijile.
Impala nayo ingadla amagxolo ezihlahla, amahlumela omile, izimbali, izithelo ezahlukahlukene nokunye ukudla kwezitshalo okuningi - inhlwathi inezimo eziguquguqukayo ezinkulu ekuziphatheni kokudla. IMpala ayidingi amanzi amaningi, kepha iyaphuma iyokha amanzi kanye ngosuku. Kodwa-ke, uma engekho amanzi eduzane, isikhathi esomile sesiwile, khona-ke izimpala zingaphila ngokuphepha ngaphandle kwamanzi isonto lonke, zithola amaconsi awo ezitshalweni ezomile nezimpande.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Impala Yamadoda
Zonke izimpala zihola impilo yokuphila ngokuhlanganyela, ngoba umhlambi omkhulu uyisihluthulelo sokuphila.
Ngokwemvelo yomhlambi we-impala, ingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu:
- imihlambi yabesifazane abanezingane ingafinyelela kubantu abayikhulu;
- imihlambi yabesilisa abancane, abadala nababuthaka, abagulayo noma abalimele. Lokhu kufaka bonke abesilisa abangakwazi ukuncintisana ngamalungelo okukhwelana;
- imihlambi exubile yabesifazane nabesilisa babo bonke ubudala.
Abesilisa abadala abanamandla balawula indawo ethile lapho kuhlala khona imihlambi enezinsikazi namankonyane. Ngasikhathi sinye, imihlambi yezinsikazi ihamba ngokukhululeka phakathi kwezindawo, yize kuvame ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabanikazi balezi zindawo - abesilisa.
Abesilisa banolaka komunye nomunye. Zivame ukulwa nezimpondo, yize izimpi ezinjalo zingavamisile ukulimala kakhulu. Njengomthetho, owesilisa obuthakathaka uvele ashiye insimu. Abesilisa abangenabo abesifazane nezindawo bahlangene ngemihlambi emincane. Lapho zihlala khona zize zithole amandla okukhipha insimu yazo ngemihlambi yezinsikazi.
Abesifazane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, banobungane komunye nomunye. Imvamisa kungabonakala ukuhlangana komunye nomunye - izinhlwathi zikhotha imilomo yezihlobo zazo, zihlanza izinambuzane nezinambuzane kuzo.
Zonke izinhlwathi, ngaphandle kobulili, zinamahloni ngokweqile. Abavumeli abantu ukuba basondele kuzo, kepha, lapho bebona umhlaseli, bagijimela ukugijima. Umhlambi omkhulu wezinhlwathi ezigijimayo ungadida noma yimuphi umhlaseli, futhi unyathele ezinye izilwane endleleni.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Impala Cub
Isikhathi sokuzala siwela ngoMeyi futhi siphela ngenkathi yemvula. Sekukonke, ihlala inyanga, kepha ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu ingakwazi ukwelula okubili. Abesilisa abanesizungu abanamandla, abalawula insimu, baphuma baye emihlambini yabesifazane. Unelungelo lokuvundisa bonke abantu besifazane abahlala endaweni yakhe, futhi kungakapheli nenyanga angahlangana nabantu abangama-50-70.
Abesilisa, abangenazo izindawo zabo, beza emihlambini emikhulu yezinsikazi, esezivele ziphethwe ngabesilisa abathile. Owesilisa kungenzeka angazinaki, futhi izivakashi zizovundisa abesifazane abaningana. Uma ebabona, kuzobe sekuqala ukungqubuzana okukhulu, lapho kungahle kube khona izisulu.
Ukukhulelwa kwezinyamazane kuthatha izinyanga ezifika kwezingu-7 - kuncike kakhulu kwisimo sezulu kanye nenani lokudla. Njengomthetho, uzala ithole elilodwa, kepha kuyaqabukela ezimbili (eyodwa izofa kungekudala). Abesifazane abazaleli emhlambini, kepha baya ezindaweni ezifihlekile ngaphansi kwezihlahla noma ezihlahleni eziminyene.
I-antelope izalwa yodwa: iyahamba, ifunde ukugijima, ibone iphunga likanina futhi iqondiswe yizimpawu zayo. Izinyane lidla ubisi isonto lokuqala, futhi kuphela emva kwenyanga lishintshela ekudleni kotshani.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Uma inyamazane eyodwa ilahlekelwa yinyana kanti elinye ithole lilahlekelwa ngumama, umama ongayedwa ngeke alamukele ithole eliyintandane, ngoba ngeke balibone iphunga lomunye nomunye. Kulokhu, iwundlu, elingakakwazi ukubudla utshani, lizobulawa.
Emhlambini, amathole agcinwa eqenjini elihlukile. Abantu abadala babeka amawundlu maphakathi nomhlambi, lapho kuphephe khona. Ngasikhathi sinye, lapho umhlambi udlulwa yingozi, futhi ugijimela ukugijima, kunamathuba amaningi okunyathela izingane ngokwesaba okukhulu.
Izitha zemvelo ze-impala
Isithombe: Ibukeka kanjani impala
Impala izingelwa yizo zonke izilwane ezidla ezinye zezilwane zase-Afrika. Izitha eziyingozi kakhulu zifaka:
- izingonyama. Amabhubesikazi azifihla ngobuciko otshanini obude, asondele emhlambini;
- izingulule aziphansi ngejubane kunezimpala, ngakho-ke zingabamba kalula umuntu omdala ophilile;
- izingwe nazo zivame ukuzingela impala. Ngemuva kokubulala inyamazane encane, bayayihudulela phezulu esihlahleni bese bayidla kancane lapho;
- izinyoni ezinkulu - ama-griffins nezinhlobo zokhozi ziyakwazi ukudonsa izinyane elisanda kuzalwa;
- Izimpisi azivamile ukuhlasela ama-impala, kepha zisengasizakala ngomphumela wokumangala futhi zibulale ithole noma umuntu osekhulile.
- emgodini wokunisela, izimpala zihlaselwa izingwenya nezingwenya. Babamba inhlwathi lapho bekhothamisa ikhanda labo emanzini ukuze baphuze. Ngemihlathi enamandla, izingwenya zibabamba ngamakhanda bese zibahudulela ngaphansi komfula.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayoKunezikhathi lapho izimpala zisondela kakhulu ezimvubu, futhi lezi zilwane zinolaka olukhulu. Imvubu enobudlova ingabamba impala futhi yephule umgogodla wayo ngokucindezela okukodwa komhlathi wayo.
Izimpala azikwazi ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye - ngisho nabesilisa abakwazi ukuzivikela ngezimpondo. Kodwa ngenxa yokwesaba kwabo, baba nesivinini esikhulu, banqobe amabanga wamamitha ngokugxuma okude.
Impala inamehlo angaboni kahle kodwa izwa kahle. Ukuzwa ingozi esondelayo, izimpala zikhomba ezinye izihlobo ezisemhlambini ukuthi kukhona umhlaseli, bese kuthi wonke umhlambi ugijime ubaleke. Imihlambi engamakhanda angamakhulu amabili inganyathela izilwane eziningi lapho isendleleni.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Impala
Impala azikho engcupheni. Ziyizinto zokuzingelwa kwezemidlalo ngezikhathi ezithile, kepha azinanani eliphakeme lokuhweba. Kunezindawo zokongiwa kwemvelo ezibuye zibe yikhaya labantu abaningi be-impala (abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-50), futhi ukuzingela akuvunyelwe lapho.
Impala zigcinwa emapulazini ezizimele. Zifuyelwa inyama noma njengezilwane ezihlobisa. Ubisi lweMpala aludingeki kakhulu - luyindlala futhi alunamafutha amancane, lunambitheka njengobisi lwembuzi.
Izimpala ezisentshonalanga ye-Afrika zivikelwe yi-Etosha National Park nezinhlangano zabalimi eNamibia. I-impala enesikhumba esimnyama kuphela ebhalwe ohlwini lwezilwane ezisengozini eRed Data Book, kodwa inani labantu liselikhulu futhi alizimisele ukwehla eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.
Ingqikithi impala iphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-15, futhi ngenxa yokuzala okuzinzile, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuphezulu kanye nokukwazi ukugijima ngokushesha, izilwane zigcina ngempumelelo izinombolo zazo. Zisesinye sezimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-Afrika.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 08/05/2019
Usuku lokuvuselela: 09/28/2019 ngo-21: 45
