Moray - izinhlanzi eziyindida. Ziyathakazelisa ngenxa yomzimba wazo nendlela yokuphila engajwayelekile, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, eziningi zikuthola ukubukeka kwazo kusabisa. Ama-Moray eel akhuliswa ekhaya, awahlalisa kuma-aquariums. Ama-Moray eels anezindlela zokuphila ezihlukile nezimfanelo zobuntu okufanele ufunde ngazo.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Murena
Ama-Moray eel angamalungu omndeni wezinhlanzi ezenziwe ngemisebe, ukuhleleka kwama-eels. Izihlobo eziseduze kakhulu ze-moray eel ngama-eel ahlala emanzini anosawoti. Ngaphandle, lezi zinhlanzi ziyefana nezinyoka, kodwa zinekhanda elikhudlwana. Kukhona inguqulo yokuthi ama-moray eel awavelanga kokhokho abavamile abanezinhlanzi, kepha avela kuma-tetrapods - ama-amphibian anemilenze emine. Imilenze yabo yavela emaphikweni, futhi ngenxa yendlela yokuphila exubekile (yasemhlabeni neyasemanzini), imilenze yangemuva yehliswa okokuqala yaba amaphiko okhalo, yabe isinyamalala ngokuphelele.
Ividiyo: UMurena
Lesi sakhiwo somzimba singanqunywa ngokuziphendukela ngamanzi angajulile anezinto eziningi zamatshe, amadwala namatshe anama-gorges. Umzimba we-moray eels ukulungele kahle ukungena ezindlini zokukhosela ezincane futhi ngasikhathi sinye akuvumeli ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zikhule ngesivinini esikhulu, okungadingeki emanzini angajulile. AmaTetrapod ayenezici ezifanayo. Babehlala eduze nemizimba yamanzi engajulile. Ukuchichima kokudla emanzini kubaphoqelele ukuthi baphume baye emhlabathini kancane kancane, ngenxa yalokho, ngenxa yalokho, bangaguquka babe ngama-moray eel. Yize umsuka wama-moray eels ungakaqinisekiswa futhi kuyiphuzu eliyimpikiswano.
Onke ama-moray eel nama-eel anezici eziningi ezikhona kubo bonke abantu:
- umzimba umude, awuthinti ngasekugcineni;
- ube nesimo esinezicaba;
- ikhanda elikhulu ngomhlathi omenyezelwe;
- okungenani umugqa owodwa wamazinyo;
- akukho amaphiko okhalo;
- ukunyakaza, ukugoba emzimbeni, njengezinyoka.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Uma umbono wemvelaphi yama-moray eels kusuka kuma-tetrapods ulungile, khona-ke esinye sezihlobo eziseduze zalezi zinhlanzi izingwenya nama-alligator. Lokhu kungenzeka kunikezwe ukwakheka komhlathi okufanayo.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ubukeka kanjani u-moray eel
Ama-Moray eels eza ngobukhulu obuhlukile nemibala, enqunywa indawo yokuhlala yomuntu othile. Inani le-moray eel subspecies alaziwa ngokuthembekile ngenxa ye-morphology ecishe ifane yalezi zinhlanzi, ngakho-ke, ososayensi bahlukanisa kusuka kuma-subspecies angama-85 kuye kwangama-206. Ama-Moray eel anobude obungu-10 cm kuye kwimitha elilodwa nohhafu. Kukhona abantu abakhulu - ama-subspecies ama-giant moray eel angafinyelela ubude bamamitha amane, futhi anesisindo esingaphezu kwama-30 kg. Ama-moray eel amancane ngokuvamile anemibala egqamile enezimbali eziphuzi, ezibomvu noma eziluhlaza, ezinamabala amaningi amnyama.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kukhona i-moray eel enkulu kunalesi esikhulu - iStrophidon sathete. Le nhlanzi yasolwandle olujulile yehluke kancane kwezinye izigaxa zomdanso ezakheke ngomzimba (ifana nenhlanzi yenyoka, ayicofiwe), kepha ihlala ekujuleni. Ubude bayo kwesinye isikhathi budlula u-5 m.
Kubantu abadala, umbala wehlukile, kepha ufihlwa njalo. Imvamisa kungumzimba omnyama onamabala amaningi amancane aphuzi. Kepha kaningi umbala awuthathi hlangothi - umnyama noma mpunga, unamabala amhlophe akhanyayo noma amnyama. Isisu se-moray eel, njengaleso sezinye izinhlanzi, sikhaphukhaphu kunomzimba futhi asinaphethini.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ingwe i-moray eel inegama layo ngokunembile ngenxa yombala wayo: umugqa omnyama nophuzi olinganiselayo endaweni yonke yomzimba.
Umzimba uthambile kusuka ezinhlangothini, welulelwe kuhlobo lweribhoni. Ama-Moray eel ambozwe ngokuphelele ngamafinyila, okubavumela ukuthi bakhuphukele emifantwini encane kakhulu ngaphandle kokulimaza umzimba ematsheni abukhali. Kwesinye isikhathi le mucus iba nobuthi, evikela izinhlanzi ezilwaneni ezidla inyama nakwezinye izimuncagazi. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, i-dorsal fin yeluleke phezu komzimba wonke ukusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni. Ama-Moray eels awakwazi ukuthuthukisa isivinini esikhulu, kepha i-fin iwavumela ukuthi akwazi ukuthambekela kalula futhi ahambe. Ama-Moray eel anomhlathi obanzi namazinyo amaningi akhombe, afana nesimo sikashaka.
Uhlalaphi u-moray eel?
Isithombe: Izinhlanzi zaseMoray
Ama-Moray eels ahola indlela yokuphila eyimfihlo, ahlala ezixhotsheni zamatshe, emadwaleni, acwile ezintweni ezinkulu. Zikhetha imifula emincane lapho zakha khona izindawo zokukhosela zesikhashana bese zilinda inyamazane. Ama-Moray eel ajwayelekile kuwo wonke amanzi afudumele, futhi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zitholakala olwandle oluthile. Isibonelo, olwandle olubomvu: i-snowflake moray eels, i-geometric moray eels, i-elegant mor eel, i-star moray eel, i-zebra moray eels, i-moray eel enamabala amhlophe. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-moray eel zitholakala olwandle lwaseNdiya, ePacific nase-Atlantic.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-moray eel enkulu inamazinyo amabili atholakala emphinjeni. Bangakwazi ukuqhubekela phambili ukuze babambe inyamazane bese beyihudulela ngqo emphinjeni.
Ama-Moray eel ayi-thermophilic futhi ahlala ezindaweni eziseduze nezansi, kepha kwesinye isikhathi angatholakala nasemanzini angajulile. Ama-Moray eel nawo afuyiswa njengezinhlanzi zasemanzini, kepha kunzima kakhulu ukuzigcina. I-aquarium yama-moray eel amancane kufanele okungenani ibe ngamalitha angama-800, ngenkathi udinga ukuzilungiselela ukuthi ama-moray eel angakhula afike kumitha elilodwa ubude. Umhlobiso we-aquarium uyisidingo - inqwaba yezindawo zokukhosela ezisezingeni eliphakeme lapho kungacasha khona ama-moray eel. Izilwane ze-aquarium enjalo zibalulekile. Ama-Moray eel ancike esimisweni semvelo okumele sibe ne-starfish nezinhlanzi ezithile ezihlanzayo. Kungcono ukukhetha izinto zemvelo zokuhlala kabusha, ugweme ipulasitiki nezinsimbi.
Manje uyazi lapho kutholakala khona le nhlanzi engajwayelekile. Ake sibheke ukuthi i-moray eel iyingozi yini kubantu.
Udla ini umayel?
Isithombe: Sea fish moray eel
Ama-Moray eel yizilwane ezidliwayo eziqinisekile. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, bakulungele ukudla yonke into esondelene nabo, ngakho-ke ama-moray eels angahlasela umuntu.
Ngokuyinhloko, ukudla kwabo kufaka:
- izinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene;
- octopus, cuttlefish, squid;
- wonke ama-crustaceans;
- ama-sea urchins, i-starfish encane.
Indlela yokuzingela ama-moray eels ayijwayelekile. Bahlala baqamekele balinde ngesineke inyamazane yabo ukuthi ibhukude ize kubo. Ukwenza lokhu kwenzeke ngokushesha okukhulu, ama-moray eel anamashubhu acinene - aphuma emakhaleni futhi ahamba ngokuxokozela, elingisa ukubonakala kwezikelemu. Isilwane sibhukuda siqonde ngqo ekhaleni le-moray eel, siqaphele isilwane esidliwayo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kukhona izinhlanzi ama-moray eel anobungani kuzo - lawa yizinto zokuhlanza nezimfanzi ezihlanzekile ezihlanza ama-moray eel kusuka kuma-parasites okungenzeka futhi zisuse imfucumfucu yokudla emlonyeni wayo.
UMoray eel uphonsa ngokucijile lapho inyamazane ingaphansi kwamakhala akhe ngokoqobo. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-moray eels zisebenzisa imihlathi yangaphandle noma yangaphakathi ukuphonsa. Umhlathi wangaphakathi utholakala kupharynx, futhi unamazinyo futhi uyaqhubeka uma uphonswa. Ngosizo lomhlathi wangaphakathi, inhlanzi idonsela inyamazane emqaleni. Ama-Moray eels awazi ukuhlafuna nokuluma - agwinya isisulu ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yomzimba wabo oshelelayo ongenazikali, bangenza ukuphosa okude, okusheshayo ngaphandle kokubalimaza.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Umbono ongathandeki neze, njengoba ama-moray eels azingela izingwane. Bayifaka ekhoneni le-octopus bese bayidla kancane kancane, bayidabule kancane kancane.
Emanzini, ama-moray eel anikezwa izinhlanzi ezikhethekile zokudla. Kungcono ukugcina izinhlanzi ziphila futhi zigcinwe ku-aquarium eseduze. Kepha ama-moray eel nawo angafundiswa ekudleni okubandayo: ama-cephalopods, imfanzi nokunye ukudla.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Moray
UMoray eels uhlala yedwa, yize kungabonakala sengathi bagcwele emhlambini. Emini, zicasha ezihotsheni zazo naphakathi kwezixhobo zamakhorali, ziyadla ngezikhathi ezithile. Ebusuku, ama-moray eels ahola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo, ebhukuda ezingela. UMoray eel uyisilwane esesabekayo. Ebhukuda ebusuku phakathi kwezixhobo zamakhorali, udla konke angafinyelela kukho. Ama-Moray eels akuvamile ukuthi axoshe inyamazane ngenxa yokuhamba kancane, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ajaha izibiliboco azithandayo - izingwane.
Iningi lama-moray eel awehli ajule ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-50, yize kukhona ama-subspecies ajulile olwandle. Amanye ama-moray eel ayakwazi ukusebenzisana nezinye izinhlanzi. Isibonelo, i-giant moray eel ibambisana ngokuzithandela nama-sea bass. I-perch ithola ama-mollusks afihliwe kanye ne-crayfish, i-moray idla ingxenye yento edliwayo, bese inika ingxenye leyo ku-perch esivele isesimweni se-moribund.
Okudala i-moray eel, iba yimfihlo encane. Ama-moray eel amadala angabhukuda aye kozingela ngisho nasemini. Ziba nolaka ngokwengeziwe ngeminyaka. Ama-moray eel amadala athanda ukudla abantu - angadla abantu abancane abancane. Kukhona amacala avamile ama-moray eels ahlasela abantu. Lezi zinhlanzi zikhombisa ulaka uma abantu beseduze, kepha ungazihlaseli ngenhloso. Ngohlobo lokuhlaselwa, ziyefana nezinhlamvu zezinja: ama-moray eel anamathela emzimbeni futhi awavuli imihlathi yawo aze aqhephule ucezu. Kepha ngemuva kokumunca ngokushesha ucezu lwe-moray eel akusuki, kepha kuyabambelela futhi.
Njengomthetho, ama-moray eel awakhombisi ulaka komunye nomunye futhi awazona izilwane zendawo. Bazwana ngokuthula ezindaweni zokukhosela ezingomakhelwane, abawuzwa umncintiswano.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Moray eels olwandle
Isikhathi sokuzalisa ama-moray eels siwela ngesikhathi sasebusika - cishe ngoDisemba noma ngoFebhuwari, kuya ngethempelesha lamanzi. Ama-Moray eel abhukuda emanzini angajulile, eshiya izindawo zawo zokuhlala. Lapho-ke bayazalela, abashiya khona manjalo, babhukude beyozondla ngakho. Ngemuva kwezinsikazi, abesilisa babhukuda baye endaweni yokubeka. Bavundisa amaqanda, kepha ngasikhathi sinye bakwenza ngokuxokozela nangokungaqondakali, ngakho-ke iklatshi elilodwa lingavundiswa ngabesilisa abaningana. Izibungu zeMoray eel zibizwa ngokuthi ama-leptocephals.
Izibungu zeMoray eel, ezichanyuselwa emaqandeni cishe emasontweni amabili, zithwalwa yimanje kanye neplankton. Ama-moray eel amancane anosayizi ongekho ngaphezu kwe-10 mm, ngakho-ke asengozini enkulu - awekho ngaphezu kweyodwa kwabayikhulu bama-moray eel asinda kumuntu omdala. Ama-Moray eels afinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi kuphela eneminyaka eyisithupha. Ngenxa yezinguquko zesimo sezulu, abantu abalungele ukuzala bayenqaba ukubeka amaqanda, ngoba abezwa ukuthi kuqale ubusika. Lokhu kuholela ekwehleni kwenani lama-moray eels. Sekukonke, ama-moray eels ahlala endle cishe iminyaka engama-36; ekhaya, isikhathi sokuphila singakhuphukela kuma-50.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-moray eels ekhaya kuyinkimbinkimbi. Abafuyi abazimele abakwazi ukunikeza ama-moray eel nemibandela efanelekile yokwakha imvuthu. Ama-Moray eel avame ukuzidlela amaqanda noma enqabe ukuwabekela nhlobo. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwama-moray eels kwasekhaya kwenziwa ngochwepheshe abatshala izinhlanzi emanzini okubeka.
Izitha zemvelo zama-moray eels
Isithombe: Izinhlanzi zaseMoray
Ama-Moray eel ajwayele ukuba phezulu kochungechunge lokudla, ngakho-ke awanazo izitha zemvelo. Ngokuya ngohlobo nezinhlobo, zingahlaselwa yizilwane ezahlukahlukene, kepha lokhu kungaziphendukela. Ama-Giant moray eel angahlasela oshaka bamadwala lapho bezama ukuhlasela ama-moray eel. Ama-Moray eels awakwazi ukugwinya ushaka wamadwala, ngakho-ke angaluma ingcezu kuwo, ngemuva kwalokho inhlanzi izobulawa ukopha.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Imihlambi yama-moray eel yayisetshenziswa njengesijeziso sezigebengu zaseRoma Yasendulo - umuntu wayehliselwa echibini ukuze lidwengulwe yizimvithi ezilambile.
Kwabhalwa icala le-moray eel enkulu ehlasela i-tiger shark, ngemuva kwalokho ushaka kwadingeka abaleke. Kukhona ukuhlaselwa kaningi ngama-giant moray eel kanye nabatshuzi be-scuba, futhi lolu hlobo lunolaka, ngakho-ke aludingi nokucasulwa. Ama-Moray eel ajwayele ukuzingela izingwane, kepha kwesinye isikhathi awawabali amandla awo. Ngokungafani ne-moray eel, octopus baphakathi kwezidalwa ezihlakaniphile kakhulu zasemanzini. Octopus abakhulu bayakwazi ukuvikela kuma-moray eels futhi babahlasele baze balimale kanzima noma babulawe. I-octopus kanye ne-moray eels zithathwa njengezitha ezimbi kakhulu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ubukeka kanjani u-moray eel
Ama-Moray eels awakaze abe sengozini yokuqothulwa. Azinawo umsoco wezilwane zasolwandle futhi ziyimpilo yasemanzini eyingozi. Akukho ukudoba okunenjongo kwama-moray eel, kepha kwesinye isikhathi abantu ngabanye babanjwa ngabantu ukuze badle. Ama-Moray eels abhekwa njengesibiliboco. Ngokufanisa nenhlanzi ekhukhumezayo, kufanele iphekwe kahle, ngoba ezinye izitho zomqubuko noma ama-moray eel we-subspecies ethile angaba nobuthi. Ama-Moray eels angadala amajaqamba esiswini, ukopha ngaphakathi kanye nokulimala kwemizwa.
Isitsha esidumile yi-moray eel ceviche. I-Moray eel ihlanjululwa nge-lime noma ujusi kalamula, bese iqothulwa ibe yizicucu bese iphakwa iluhlaza nokunye ukudla kwasolwandle. Lesi sidlo siyingozi kakhulu, ngoba inyama eluhlaza ye-moray eel ingadala imiphumela engahlosiwe. Yize kuphawulwa ukuthi inyama ye-moray eel ithenda kakhulu, iyanambitheka njenge-eel. Ama-Moray eels agcinwa ekhaya. Ukuziphatha kwabo ezindaweni zasemanzini kungahluka, ikakhulukazi uma ama-moray eel enabantu bokuzenzela lapho, futhi angazalwanga ngabazalisi. Kwesinye isikhathi ziyabonakala ezindaweni zasemanzini zezikhungo zokuthenga, kepha ama-moray eels awahlali lapho iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi ngenxa yengcindezi engapheli.
Moray iyaxosha abanye abantu ngokubukeka kwayo, kepha iheha abanye ngokunyakaza kwayo okuhle nokubulala kwayo. Ngisho ne-moray eel encane ingaba phezulu kuketanga lokudla ngaphandle kokwesaba izilwane ezinkulu ezidlayo kanye noshaka. Ama-Moray eel anezinhlobo eziningi, ezinemibala ehlukahlukene nosayizi, ezinye zazo ezingagcinwa kalula ekhaya.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 07/29/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 07/29/2019 ngo-22: 47
