isinambuzane wonke umuntu uzihlanganisa nobuntwana obungenankathazo. Impela akekho umuntu ongeke ambambe entendeni yesandla sakhe okungenani kanye. Kunemilolotelo eminingi ebekelwe lesi sinambuzane esincane izingane ezifunda ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho sifika esibayeni sazo. Abanye bakuthatha njengophawu lwenhlanhla, abanye njengabasizi ekulweni nezinambuzane eziyingozi ezingadini nasezivandeni zemifino - kuvusa uzwelo kuwo wonke umuntu.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Ladybug
I-ladybug yisinambuzane sasendulo se-arthropod, esasakazeke kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, omele ukuhleleka kwamabhungane nomndeni wama-ladybugs. Lesi sinambuzane sathola igama laso lesayensi iCoccinellidae ngenxa yombala waso obomvu. Ibhungane lihlala cishe yonke indawo. Abantu bambiza nge-ladybug ngenxa yoketshezi olumhlophe olunoshevu noma "ubisi" lesi sinambuzane esikukhipha ukwethusa izisulu, kepha uNkulunkulu ngoba wasiza ekulweni nezintwala nezinye izinambuzane ukugcina isivuno, wayenomoya omnene, akazange abangele bungozi ebantwini ...
Ividiyo: ILadybug
EJalimane, eSwitzerland, lesi sinambuzane esincane sibizwa ngokuthi yi-St Mary's bug, eNingizimu Melika - i-ladybug yaseSt. Anthony. Kwakunezinganekwane eziningi ngalesi sinambuzane esincane, wanikezwa ikhono lokuthonya isimo sezulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ngisho nasezikhathini zakudala, amaSlav ayebheka i-ladybug njengesidalwa sasezulwini, isithunywa selanga. Yingakho-ke futhi kwakubizwa kaningi ngokuthi "Ilanga". Isinambuzane besingavunyelwe ukushayela ngemoto ukuze singazukuhluleka. Isiphazamisi esikhanyayo esindizela endlini silethe umusa.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo zama-ladybugs: umndeni wonke unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezine, zona ezihlukaniswe ngemikhaya engama-7 nemikhakha engama-360. I-ladybug yehlukile kwabanye abamele umndeni wakwaCoccinellidae ngokwakhiwa kwemilenze yayo. Ngokwesakhiwo ngasinye, kunezingxenye ezintathu ezibonakalayo nenye efihliwe, ngakho-ke zibonakala ziyingxenye emithathu.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Ladybug ngokwemvelo
Usayizi we-ladybug usuka ku-3.5 kuye ku-10 mm. Inhloko yesiphazamisi incane futhi ayinyakazi. Amehlo makhulu ngokwedlulele, izimpondo zezigaba eziyi-8-11 zihamba kakhulu futhi ziyaguquguquka. Umzimba we-ladybug uqukethe i-pronotum, isifuba, amabhangqa amathathu emilenze eqinile, isisu namaphiko ane-elytra. Isimemezelo sesinambuzane si-convex, imvamisa sinemibala enemibala ehlukahlukene nobubunjwa. La mabhungane andiza esebenzisa amaphiko angemuva, kanti ingaphambili, lenqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, lenziwa laba yi-elytra eqinile, manje esisebenza njengesivikelo kumaphiko amakhulu athambile. Akuwona wonke ama-ladybugs anombala obomvu ojwayelekile namachashazi amnyama ngemuva.
Kuzo zonke izinhlobonhlobo zazo, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zingahlukaniswa:
- amaphoyinti amabili - isinambuzane esinosayizi womzimba ofinyelela ku-5 mm. Ine-pronotum emnyama, namabala amabili amnyama amakhulu ahlobisa i-elytra ebomvu ngokugqamile;
- amaphuzu ayisikhombisa - anesayizi engu-7-8 mm, asakazeke kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Emhlane wayo obomvu, kuvela izindawo ezimbili ezimhlophe nezimnyama eziyi-7;
- amaphoyinti ayishumi nambili - ibhungane elibomvu noma elibomvana elinomzimba omude namabala amnyama ayi-12;
- ngamachashazi ayishumi nantathu - ahlukaniswa ngomzimba ohlangene nombala onsundu omnyama noma obomvu nsundu, amabala angahlangana komunye nomunye;
- amaphuzu ayishumi nane - isici se-elytron, esiphuzi noma esimnyama;
- iphuzu eliyishumi nesikhombisa - ubukhulu besinambuzane abukho ngaphezu kwe-3.5 mm, bunomhlane ophuzi ogqamile onamachashazi amnyama;
- okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka - okutholakala e-Australia kuphela;
- ocellated - inesayizi enkulu yomzimba efinyelela ku-10 mm. Onke amachashazi amnyama emuva obomvu noma ophuzi emuva kwalesi sinambuzane ahlelwe ngamarimu akhanyayo;
- ngaphandle kwamachashazi - usayizi wazo awudluli ku-4.5 mm, unombala onsundu onsundu ngemuva, umzimba wawo umbozwe izinwele ezinhle. Ziyivelakancane ngokweqile emvelweni.
Akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-ladybug ezizuzisa abantu. I-Alfalfa iyinambuzane yezinhlobo eziningi zezolimo. izitshalo, idla amahlumela amancane, ibhubhisa isivuno sebhitrudi, ukhukhamba nokunye. Isiphazamisi sihlukaniswa ngosayizi omncane ofika ku-4 mm; sinomhlane obomvu, ogcwele amaphuzu angama-24.
Uhlala kuphi uladybug?
Isithombe: Ladybug eRussia
I-ladybug itholakala cishe kuzo zonke izindawo, ngisho nasemagumbini akude kakhulu omhlaba, ngaphandle kwamaphethelo asenyakatho. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lale bug okungenani li-10 degrees Celsius.
Okokuphila bakhetha:
- imiphetho yehlathi;
- izimfunda nezintaba;
- izingadi namasimu ezithelo;
- itholakala emapaki asedolobheni.
Ezinye zezinambuzane ezinesimo sezulu esibandayo zibalekela ezindaweni ezingaseningizimu ukuze zihlale ubusika. Zindiza phezulu kakhulu, ngesikhathi semvula noma umoya onamandla zehlela phansi zilinde isimo sezulu esibi. Inani elikhulu lezimbungulu lifa phakathi nalezi zindiza, ikakhulukazi uma ziwela ngephutha noma ziwela emizimbeni yamanzi ezingasakwazi ukuphuma kuyo. Kwesinye isikhathi ungabona amabhange emifula, apendwe ngombala obomvu ngenxa yenqwaba yezinambuzane ezifile.
Leyongxenye yezintokazi ezingashiyi indawo yokuhlala ebusika ezifundeni ezifudumele zihlangana emakoloni amakhulu abomvu, angabalelwa ezigidini zabantu. Bacasha ezindaweni ezifihlekile: ngaphansi kwamagxolo ezihlahla, amatshe, amahlamvu, bandizela ezindaweni zokuhlala. Esimeni sokuba ndikindiki, bachitha ubusika bonke futhi ngemfudumalo yokuqala baphila.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ama-ladybugs ahlala elala endaweni eyodwa, bese ebuyela ngqo endaweni abafike kuyo. Ngisho nabancane bazitholela indlela yabo ebusika.
Idla ngani i-ladybug?
Isithombe: I-ladybug enhle
I-ladybug iyisilwane esidla ezinye phakathi kwezinambuzane. Ngenxa yokwakheka komhlathi wayo kanye nokusebenza kokusebenza kwendlela yokugaya ukudla, iyakwazi ukuzingela ezinye izinambuzane bese izigaya ngokushesha. Kunezinhlobo ezikhetha ukudla kwezitshalo: impova, isikhunta, izimbali kanye namaqabunga.
Ukudla kwezinhlobo ezidlayo ikakhulukazi kufaka:
- ama-aphid ngobuningi obukhulu;
- izibungu zesicabucabu;
- amacimbi;
- izibungu zezinambuzane;
- amaqanda evemvane;
- ezinye azizideleli ngisho nezibungu zaseColorado amazambane mabhungane.
Ama-ladybugs adla kakhulu, ahlala elambile, ikakhulukazi izibungu zawo. Umuntu ngamunye angabhubhisa kalula izibungu ze-aphid ezingaphezu kwekhulu ngosuku. Njengoba zinamehlo amakhulu, izinambuzane ezifuna ukudla zisebenzisa kuphela umuzwa obukhali wephunga.
Izimbungulu azizingeli izisulu zazo, kepha zihamba kancane, zihamba kancane emahlamvu zifuna ukudla, futhi lapho zithola ikholomu lezintwala noma ibamba lamaqanda ezinambuzane, zihlala isikhathi eside kule ndawo ukuze zidle kuze kube ziyakuqeda nya. Yingakho i-ladybug isivakashi esamukelekile kunoma yisiphi isiza somuntu siqu, amasimu ezolimo anezitshalo, engadini. Zikhuliswa ngokukhethekile emabhizinisini akhethekile bese kuthi ngosizo lwezindiza zezolimo zisatshalaliswe emazweni alinyiwe. Ngeshwa, ezinye izinhlobo zalezi zinambuzane, ikakhulukazi ezihlala e-Asia, zilimaza izitshalo.
Manje uyazi ukuthi ama-ladybugs adlani. Ake sibheke ukuthi zingazalwa kanjani lezi zinambuzane ezinhle.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-red ladybug
Zonke izinhlobo zama-ladybird zikhetha indlela yokuphila ehlukile futhi zakhe amaqembu kuphela ukuze zindizele ezifundeni ezifudumele noma ebusika endaweni eyimfihlo. Lawa maqembu amakhulu angafinyelela kubantu abayizigidi ezingama-40. Ungabona futhi ukuqoqwa kwezimbungulu ngesikhathi sazo sokukhwelana. Zonke lezi zinambuzane azinqikazi ukudla izibungu zezihlobo zazo, kepha kuphela uma kungabikho inani elanele lezintwala nokunye ukudla. Kepha kunezinhlobonhlobo zama-ladybugs abhubhisa ngenhloso abanye babo.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: I-ladybug ephuzi yaphuculwa ngokukhethekile njengesikhali sebhayoloji esisebenzayo ukulwa nezilokazane zezolimo, kepha kungenxa yakhe ezinye izinhlobo zalezi zinambuzane zasongelwa ngokuqothulwa ngokuphelele, ngoba i-marble ladybug yazibulala kakhulu kanye nezinye izinambuzane eziyizinambuzane.
Lezi zinambuzane zisebenza usuku lonke, zihamba kancane zisuka kwesinye isitshalo ziye kwesinye zifuna ukudla. Ngokudla okwanele, abanye abantu bangaphila iminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu, kepha lokhu akuvamile neze. Ingxenye eyinhloko ifa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ingapheli unyaka futhi kunezizathu eziningi zalokhu: kusukela ekuntulekeni kokudla okunomsoco kuya ekungcolisweni kwemvelo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Ama-Ladybugs
Wonke ama-ladybugs angama-loners. Kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana lapho abesilisa babheka khona owesifazane ukuze abhekane ngephunga elithile. Lokhu kuvamise ukwenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, futhi kungekudala insikazi izalela amaqanda ngenani lezingcezu ezifika ku-400 ebusweni obuphansi bamaqabunga. Banesimo se-oval, kungaba ophuzi, owolintshi. Insikazi ikhetha indawo yokubeka eduze nendawo ye-aphid ukuze inzalo ithole ukudla. Lokhu ukuphela kokubonakaliswa kokunakekela inzalo yabo. Ngokuvamile, yena uqobo uyafa ngemuva kwalokho.
Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, izibungu ziyavela. Umzimba wabo umbozwe izinwele futhi unombala we-variegated, iphethini ihlanganisa izindawo eziphuzi nezinsundu. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, izibungu zidla igobolondo elisele emaqandeni namaqanda angenamvubelo, bese ziyofuna ama-aphid. Isiteji sithatha amasonto ama-4 kuye kwayi-7, ngemuva kwalokho kwakheka isiphungumangathi, bese sinamathela emaphethelweni epheshana, lapho kwenzeka khona ukuguqulwa kwalo okuqhubekayo.
Ekupheleni kwaso, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-8-10, isikhumba siyaxebuka esikhunjeni esitokisini kuze kube sekupheleni kwesisu. Kuqhamuka i-ladybug egcwele ngokugcwele, ethola kancane umbala wayo ogqamile ojwayelekile. Ekuqaleni, ama-elytra akhe anombala ophaphathekile, ngalesi sici, ungahlukanisa kalula umuntu omdala kusuka komncane. Izimbungulu ezincane zikulungele ukuqhubeka nohlobo ngezinyanga ezi-3 zokuphila, ezinye kuphela isigamu sonyaka - konke kuncike kwikhwalithi yokudla okunempilo kwezimo zemvelo.
Izitha zemvelo zama-ladybugs
Isithombe: ILadybug indiza
I-ladybug endle ayinazo izitha eziningi ngenxa yemfihlo ethize enobuthi yombala omhlophe oyikhiphayo. Uma inyoni inambitha okungenani kanye ukunambitheka kwesiphazamiso esikhanyayo, ukunambitheka kwayo okumunyu kuyoyidikibalisa esifisweni sokuyizingela impilo yenyoni yonke. Izinambuzane eziningi zifa ngokushesha ngenxa ye-ladybug hemolymph.
Isitha esikhulu sama-ladybirds yi-dinocampus, lesi yisinambuzane esincane esinamaphiko esibulala ama-ladybugs amadala ngisho nezibungu zawo ngokubeka amaqanda ngaphakathi kwemizimba yawo. Njengoba ziguquka, zondla emzimbeni wesisulu sazo, bese kuthi igobolondo elingenalutho limane liklebhuleke, njengamanye amafilimu adumile asabekayo. IDinocampus ithola izimbungulu ngephunga lazo lokuzivikela, ngalo zisabisa ngempumelelo ezinye izitha zazo. Izimuncagazi ziyakwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu inani lama-ladybirds esikhathini esifushane.
Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene wokucubungula izinkambu, isimo esidabukisayo semvelo nakho kunomthelela omkhulu ekwehliseni inani lalezi zinambuzane ezikhanyayo. Kunomkhuba kwamanye amazwe wokushintsha amakhemikhali esikhundleni semvelo, esilawula izinambuzane. Ama-Ladybugs akhuliswa ngamanani amakhulu, ayinto yokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Ladybug
Inani lezintokazi selinciphile kakhulu ngenxa yokulawulwa okusebenzayo kwama-aphid. Lezi zinambuzane ezincane azinalutho ongondla kuzo. Ngenxa yokuzala kwayo okusheshayo, inani elincane lezitha zemvelo, inani labantu liyakwazi ukululama esikhathini esifushane lapho kukhona ukudla. Isimo sezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo sizinzile okwamanje. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuphela izinhlobo ezithile ezingavamile zalezi zinambuzane, ngokwesibonelo, i-Australia eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nengasho lutho, ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa ngokuphelele.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ukufuna ukudla, isibungu se-ladybug esilambile singahamba ibanga elingafika kumamitha ayi-12, okuyibanga elikhulu kakhulu lezinambuzane.
Ukuzama ukubuyisela ngobungako inani lezimbungulu eziwusizo, umuntu kwesinye isikhathi nangezinhloso zakhe ezinhle, kunalokho, udala umonakalo omkhulu kuso. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izigidi zezintokazi zikankulukazi ezikhuliswe ngokukhethekile ziye zakhishelwa endaweni yazo yemvelo, okuthi, ngenxa yokuguquka okusobala, iguqule uhlobo lokudla kwayo futhi ikhethe izihlobo zayo njengesisulu. Konke lokhu kubangele ukufa kwenqwaba yezimbungulu eziwusizo kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu. Indlela yokucabangela le nkinga iyadingeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okungadingekile kwenkambo yemvelo yezinqubo zemvelo.
Ukuvikelwa kweLadybird
Isithombe: I-Ladybug evela e-Red Book
I-ladybug sekunesikhathi ibhalwe kuRed Book yamazwe amaningi, kubandakanya neRussia. Ukunyamalala kwayo ngokuphelele kusongela ukuphazamisa ibhalansi emvelweni kanye nokuzala okusebenzayo kwezinambuzane, okuzobe sekufanele kubhujiswe ngamakhemikhali, futhi lokhu, nakho, kuzoqhubeka kubhubhise ibhalansi - kutholakala umbuthano ononya.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kuze kube yiminyaka yamashumi amane yekhulu le-19, emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, e-United States of America, abasebenzi abakhethekile njalo ekwindla babheka izindawo zobusika bezintokazi futhi ebusika babeqoqa izinambuzane ezikhwameni, bese bezidedela ziye ezingadini nasemasimini entwasahlobo. Le ndlela engabulali imvelo yokubulala izinambuzane izinambuzane ithathelwe indawo ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwamakhemikhali ukubulala izintwala.
Kungenzeka ukuthi maduzane umuntu angakuyeka ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali aphendukele kuma-ladybirds ukuze athole usizo, okwakudala ayehlala eduze komuntu futhi amsize emzabalazweni wesivuno. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu bebelokhu bedumisa futhi bekhulekela lesi silokazana esincane.
Kulezi zinsuku isinambuzane uhlukanise ngempumelelo ezimeni zokufakelwa. Ngemuva kwalokho zithunyelwa emasimini, kepha, ngokusho kochwepheshe abaningi, kwanele ukudala izimo ezinhle zalezi bugs kanye nenani labantu labo lizolulama ngokwalo ngaphandle kosizo lomuntu futhi lizogcina lisezingeni elidingekayo emvelweni. Kuyadingeka ukugcina ibhalansi, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuyekwe ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali ekwelapheni izitshalo ezivela kuma-aphid, kanye nokuqondisa imizamo yethu yokwehlisa izinga lokungcola kwemvelo.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 20.07.2019
Usuku lokubuyekeza: 09/26/2019 ngo-9: 07 am
