I-galago yaseSenegal inyani yomndeni wakwaGalago, owaziwa nangokuthi ama-nagapies (okusho ukuthi "izinkawu ezincane zasebusuku" ngesiBhunu). Lawa yizinyamazane ezincane ezihlala ezwenikazi i-Afrika. Yizinyamazane eziphumelela kakhulu futhi ezahlukahlukene ezinamakhala ezimanzi e-Afrika. Funda kabanzi ngalezi zilwane ezincane ezimangazayo, imikhuba yazo nendlela yazo yokuphila, kulokhu okuthunyelwe.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Galago waseSenegal
Ama-galago aseSenegal yizimbongolo ezincane zasebusuku ezihlala ikakhulu ezihlahleni. Umndeni wakwaGalago uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20, ngasinye sazo esivela e-Afrika. Kodwa-ke, ukuphathwa kwentela kohlobo lwegciwane kuvame ukuphikiswa futhi kubuyekezwe. Imvamisa, izinhlobo ezinjenge-lemur kunzima ukuzihlukanisa komunye nomunye ngesisekelo se-morphology kuphela ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuguqukayo, okwavela ukufana phakathi kwezinhlobo zamaqembu ahlelekile ahlala ezimweni ezifanayo futhi ezenhlangano efanayo yemvelo.
Ividiyo: IGalago yaseSenegal
Imiphumela yezinhlobo zentela ngaphakathi kweGalago imvamisa isuselwa ebuningini bobufakazi, kufaka phakathi ucwaningo lwemisindo, ufuzo, kanye ne-morphology. Ukulandelana kwe-genomic DNA kwegalago laseSenegal kuyakhiwa. Ngenxa yokuthi inyamazane "yasendulo", lokhu kulandelana kuzosiza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nokulandelana kwezinkawu ezinkulu (ama-macaque, izimfene, abantu) kanye nezinhlobo ezingezona ezamankentshane ezihlobene eduze ezifana namagundane.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ukuxhumana okubonakalayo kwegalago laseSenegal, elisetshenziswa phakathi kwama-congeners. Lezi zilwane zinezimo zobuso ezahlukahlukene zokudlulisa izimo ezingokomzwelo ezifana nolaka, ukwesaba, ubumnandi nokwesaba.
Ngokwesigaba se-galago, ochwepheshe babhekisa emndenini we-galag lemurs. Yize phambilini babebalwa phakathi kweLoridae njengomndeni omncane (iGalagonidae). Eqinisweni, izilwane zikhumbuza ngokweqile ama-loris lemurs, futhi ziyafana nokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kepha i-galag indala, ngakho-ke kwathathwa isinqumo sokwakhela umndeni ozimele.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: igalago laseSenegal emvelweni
Ubude obumaphakathi beGalago senegalensis bungu-130 mm. Ubude bomsila buhluka kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-41 mm. Amalungu ohlobo lohlobo anesisindo esisukela ku-95 kuya ku-301 g. I-galago yaseSenegal inezinwele ezinyene, ezinoboya, nezinwele ezinde ngokwedlulele, uboya be-wavy, imithunzi yayo iyahluka kusuka kwesiliva-mpunga kuya koku nsundu ngaphezulu nokukhanya okuncane kancane ngezansi. Izindlebe zinkulu, zinamagquma amane anqamulelayo angagoqelwa emuva ngokuzimela noma ngasikhathi sinye bese eshwabana phansi ukusuka ezincwadini kuya ezisekelweni. Imikhawulo yeminwe nezinzwani inezingqimba eziyisicaba nesikhumba esijiyile esisiza ekubambeni emagatsheni ezihlahla nasezindaweni ezishelelayo.
Ngaphansi kolimi olunamanzi kune-cartilaginous bulge (njengolimi lwesibili), isetshenziswa kanye namazinyo wokuzilungisa. Izidladla zegalala zinde kakhulu, zifika ku-1/3 wobude be-shin, evumela lezi zilwane ukuba zeqe amabanga amade, njenge-kangaroo. Futhi bandise kakhulu ubukhulu bemisipha emilenzeni yabo yangemuva, okubuye kubenze bakwazi ukwenza ukweqa okukhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Abomdabu base-Afrika babamba igalago laseSenegal ngokuhlela iziqukathi zewayini lesundu, bese beqoqa izilwane zidakiwe.
IGalago yaseSenegal inamehlo amakhulu abanika umbono omuhle ebusuku ngaphezu kwezinye izici ezinjengezindonga ezinamandla zasemuva, ukuzwa okujulile, nomsila omude obasiza ukuba balinganise. Izindlebe zabo zinjengamalulwane futhi zivumela ukuthi zilandelele izinambuzane ebumnyameni. Babamba izinambuzane phansi noma bazidabule emoyeni. Yizidalwa ezisheshayo nezishesha. Njengoba zinqamula ezihlahleni eziminyene, lezi zilwane ezisongwayo zisonga izindlebe zazo ezincane ukuze zizivikele.
Uhlala kuphi ugalago waseSenegal?
Isithombe: Galago encane yaseSenegal
Lesi silwane sihlala ezindaweni ezinamahlathi nezihlahlana ze-sub-Saharan Africa, kusuka empumalanga yeSenegal kuya eSomalia kuze kufike eNingizimu Afrika (ngaphandle kwephuzu laso eliseningizimu), futhi sikhona cishe kuwo wonke amazwe aphakathi nendawo. Ububanzi babo bufinyelela naseziqhingini ezithile eziseduze, kufaka phakathi neZanzibar. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko omkhulu ezingeni lokusatshalaliswa kwazo yizinhlobo.
Kunezinhlobo ezine eziphansi:
- G. s. ama-senegalensis asukela eSenegal entshonalanga kuya eSudan nasentshonalanga ye-Uganda;
- G. braccatus waziwa ezindaweni eziningana zaseKenya, nasenyakatho-mpumalanga nasenyakatho maphakathi neTanzania;
- G. dunni kwenzeka eSomalia kanye nasendaweni yase-Ogaden yase-Ethiopia;
- I-G. sotikae inqamula ogwini oluseningizimu yeLake Victoria, eTanzania, kusukela entshonalanga yeSerengeti kuya eMwanza (Tanzania) nase-Ankole (eningizimu ye-Uganda).
Ngokuvamile, imingcele yokwabiwa phakathi kwama-subspecies amane ayaziwa kangako futhi ayikhonjiswa ebalazweni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kunokugqagqana okuphawulekayo ebangeni lama-subspecies ahlukahlukene.
Amazwe lapho kutholakala khona i-galago yaseSenegal:
- IBenin;
- IBurkina Faso;
- ITopiya;
- ICentral African Republic;
- ECameroon;
- IChad;
- ECongo;
- IGhana;
- E-Ivory Coast;
- IGambia;
- Mali;
- IGuinea;
- IKenya;
- ENiger;
- ISudan;
- IGuinea-Bissau;
- ENigeria;
- IRwanda;
- ESierra Leone;
- ESomalia;
- ETanzania;
- Hamba;
- ISenegal;
- E-Uganda.
Izilwane zikwazi ukuhlala ezindaweni ezomile. Imvamisa kuhlala amahlathi e-savanna eningizimu yeSahara futhi kukhishwe kuphela kusihloko eseningizimu ye-Afrika. Imvamisa iSenegalse Galago itholakala ezindaweni eziningi ezahlukahlukene nasezindaweni zemvelo, ezahluke kakhulu komunye nomunye futhi zehluka kakhulu esimweni sezulu. Zitholakala ezihlahleni ezinamagatsha anamanzi, amahlathi ahlala eluhlaza okotshani, amahlathi avulekile, ama-savanna, izihlahlana zemifula, imiphetho yehlathi, izigodi eziphakeme, amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo, amahlathi acwebile, amahlathi axubekile, imiphetho yehlathi, izifunda ezinamanzi amancane, amahlathi asogwini, amahlathi, amagquma amahlathi asezintabeni. Isilwane sigwema izindawo zamadlelo futhi sitholakala emahlathini lapho ingekho eminye imithala.
Yini edliwa yi-galago yaseSenegal?
Isithombe: igalago laseSenegal ekhaya
Lezi zilwane zondla ebusuku nangabaxhasi bezihlahla. Ukudla abakuthandayo yizintethe, kepha bazodla nezinyoni ezincane, amaqanda, izithelo, imbewu nezimbali. I-galago yaseSenegal idla kakhulu izinambuzane ngezikhathi zemvula, kepha ngesikhathi sesomiso zondla kuphela ushungamu ovela kwezinye izihlahla emahlathini agcwele i-acacia.
Ukudla kwe-primate kufaka phakathi:
- izinyoni;
- amaqanda;
- izinambuzane;
- imbewu, okusanhlamvu namantongomane;
- izithelo;
- izimbali;
- ijusi noma olunye uketshezi lwemifino.
Ubungako ekudleni kwe-galago yaseSenegal buhluka hhayi ngezinhlobo kuphela, kepha nangezikhathi zonyaka, kepha, ngokujwayelekile, lezi zingane ezithanda omnivorous kakhulu, zidla kakhulu izinhlobo ezintathu zokudla ngezilinganiso nezinhlanganisela ezahlukahlukene: izilwane, izithelo nenhlaka. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezitholakala ngemininingwane yesikhathi eside, izilwane zasendle zidla imikhiqizo yezilwane, ikakhulukazi ama-invertebrate (25-70%), izithelo (19-73%), i-gum (10-48%) no-nectar (0-2%) ...
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: I-galago yaseSenegal ibhekisa ezilwaneni ezincelisayo eziguqulelwa ekupholiseni izitshalo eziqhakazayo, njengenyosi.
Imikhiqizo yezilwane edliwayo iqukethe ikakhulukazi izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla, kepha amaxoxo nawo ayadliwa ngamanye ama-subspecies, afaka amaqanda, amatshwele nezinyoni ezincane ezindala, kanye nezilwane ezincelisayo ezisanda kuzalwa. Akuzona zonke izinhlobo zezihlahla ezidla izithelo, kanti ezinye zisebenzisa kuphela izinsini (ikakhulukazi ezivela ezihlahleni zomtholo) kanye nama-arthropods, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokoma lapho izithelo zingatholakali. Endabeni kaG. Senegalensis, insini iyinsiza ebalulekile ebusika.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Galago waseSenegal
Ama-galago aseSenegal ayizilwane ezihlangene kakhulu, ezasemakhaya nezasebusuku. Phakathi nesikhathi sasemini, zilala ezimfundeni eziminyene, ezimfoloko zezihlahla, emigodini noma ezidlekeni ezindala zezinyoni. Izilwane zivame ukulala ngamaqembu eziningana. Nokho, ebusuku bavuke bodwa. Uma i-galago yaseSenegal iphazamiseka emini, izohamba kancane, kepha ebusuku isilwane siyasebenza kakhulu futhi sishesha, sigxume amamitha ama-3-5 ngokugxuma okukodwa.
Ebusweni obuyisicaba, imithala yaseSenegal yeqa njengama-kangaroo amancane, imvamisa ihamba ngokugxuma nangokukhwela ezihlahleni. Lezi zinkawu zisebenzisa umchamo ukuthambisa izandla nezinyawo zazo, okukholelwa ukuthi ziyazisiza zibambelele emagatsheni futhi zingasebenza njengokumaka iphunga. Ikholi yabo ichazwa njenge-shrill, ye-chirping inothi, ekhiqizwa kaningi ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Amagalago aseSenegal axhumana nemisindo futhi amaka izindlela zawo ngomchamo. Ekupheleni kobusuku, amalungu eqembu asebenzisa isignali ekhethekile yomsindo futhi aqoqane eqenjini ukuyolala esidlekeni samaqabunga, emagatsheni noma emgodini esihlahleni.
Ububanzi bezilwane ezifuywayo buhluka kusuka ku-0.005 kuye ku-0.5 km², kanti abesifazane bavame ukutholakala endaweni encanyana kunaleyo yesilisa. Amabanga wekhaya ahlanganayo akhona phakathi kwabantu. Ububanzi besikhathi sasemini bumaphakathi no-2.1 km ubusuku ngabunye ku-G. senegalensis futhi busuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-2.0 km ngobusuku ku-G. zanzibaricus. Ukutholakala okukhulu kokukhanya kwenyanga kubangela ithrafikhi eningi ebusuku.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: IGalago Cub yaseSenegal
Amagalago aseSenegal yizilwane ezinesithembu. Abesilisa bancintisana ngokufinyelela kwabesifazane abaningi. Ukuncintisana kwabesilisa kuvame ukuhambisana nosayizi wayo. Lezi zinkawu zizala kabili ngonyaka, ekuqaleni kwezimvula (Novemba) nasekupheleni kwezimvula (ngoFebhuwari). Izinsikazi zakha izidleke ezihlahleni ezinameva aminyene noma emigodini yezihlahla ezivela emagatsheni amancane namaqabunga, lapho zizalela khona futhi zikhulise amaphuphu azo. Banezingane eziyi-1-2 ngodoti ngamunye (kuyaqabukela kube zintathu) kanti isikhathi sokukhulelwa siyizinsuku eziyi-110 - 120. Izingane ze-galago zaseSenegal zizalwa ngamehlo avaliwe, azikwazi ukuhamba ngokuzimela.
Ama-galago amancane aseSenegal avame ukuncelisa isikhathi esingangezinyanga ezintathu nengxenye, yize engadla ukudla okuqinile ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala. Umama unakekela izingane futhi uvame ukuzithwala ahambe nazo. Izingane ngokuvamile zinamathela eboyeni bukanina ngenkathi zihamba, noma angazigqoka emlonyeni wakhe, azishiye emagatsheni entofontofo ngenkathi esondla. Umama angashiya futhi amawundlu anganakiwe esidlekeni ngenkathi ethola ukudla. Indima yabesilisa ekunakekelweni ngabazali ayibhalwanga.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Izingane zaseSenegal Galago zisebenzisa ukuxhumana ngezwi komunye nomunye. Izimpawu zomsindo zezimo ezahlukahlukene zivamile. Eminingi yale misindo icishe ifane nokukhala kwezingane zabantu.
Ukuxhumana ngobuchule ekudlaleni, ulaka nokuzilungisa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yempilo yamathole amancane. Kubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kukamama nenzalo yakhe naphakathi kwabashadile. Abesifazane abadala bahlanganyela insimu yabo nezingane zabo. Abesilisa bashiya izindawo zokuhlala komama babo ngemuva kokuthomba, kepha abesifazane bahlala, bakha amaqembu ezenhlalo aqukethe abesifazane abasondelene kakhulu kanye nezingane zabo ezingakhulile.
Abesilisa abadala bagcina izindawo ezihlukene ezihlangana nezindawo zamaqembu ezenhlalo yabesifazane. Indoda eyodwa endala ingathandana nabo bonke abesifazane endaweni. Abesilisa abangazenzanga izindawo ezinjalo kwesinye isikhathi bakha amaqembu amancane ama-bachelor.
Izitha zemvelo zegalago laseSenegal
Isithombe: igalago laseSenegal emvelweni
Ukudliwa kwegalago laseSenegal kuyenzeka impela, yize imininingwane ingaziwa kahle. Izilwane ezingaba yizilwane zifaka ama-fining amancane, izinyoka nezikhova. AmaGalago ayaziwa ukuthi abalekela izidalwa ngokugxumela phezu kwamagatsha ezihlahla. Basebenzisa amanothi athusayo ezwini labo ukukhipha amasiginali akhethekile futhi baxwayise izihlobo zabo ngengozi.
Izilo ezingaba khona zomgalago waseSenegal zifaka:
- ama-mongooses;
- izakhi zofuzo;
- izimpungushe;
- ama-civets;
- amakati zasendle;
- amakati nezinja ezifuywayo;
- izinyoni ezidla inyama (ikakhulukazi izikhova);
- izinyoka.
Ukuqaphela kwakamuva kwezimfene zasentshonalanga kukhombisile ukuthi izimfene zomdabu (Pan troglodyte) zizingela umqhele waseSenegal zisebenzisa imikhonto. Ngesikhathi sokubheka, kwabhalwa ukuthi izimfene zazifuna imigodi, lapho zazingathola khona igalaji legalalago laseSenegal lilele emini. Lapho sesitholakele isiphephelo esinjalo, izimfene zakha igatsha esihlahleni esiseduze zalola ukuphela kwazo ngamazinyo. Ngemuva kwalokho bashaya ngokushesha nangokuphindaphindiwe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokukhosela. Ngemuva kwalokho bayeka ukukwenza babheka noma bahogela ichopho lenduku ukuze bathole igazi. Uma okulindelwe kwabo kuqinisekisiwe, izimfene zalisusa leli galago ngesandla noma zacekela phansi indawo yokuhlala, zisusa izidumbu zezinkawu zaseSenegal lapho bazidla.
Ama-primates amaningana aziwa ngokuzingela i-galago yaseSenegal, kufaka phakathi:
- maned mangabey (Lophocebus albigena);
- inkawu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Cercopithecus mitis);
- imfene (Pan).
Indlela yokuzingela yokukhipha ama-galago specimens emgodini wabo wokulala iye yaphumelela kanye njalo emizameni engamashumi amabili nambili, kodwa isebenza kangcono kunendlela yendabuko yokujaha izilwane ezincelisayo nokuphula izingebhezi zazo emadwaleni aseduze.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Galago waseSenegal
IGalago laseSenegal lingenye yezinkawu zase-Afrika eziphumelele kakhulu ezifundwe kabanzi eNingizimu Afrika. Lezi zinhlobo zibhalwe kuRed Book njengezilwane ezisengozini encane kakhulu ngoba isabalele futhi inenani elikhulu labantu emphakathini, futhi njengamanje azikho izinsongo ezinkulu kulezi zinhlobo (yize ezinye izinto ezingaphansi zingathinteka ngokususwa kwezimila zemvelo ngezinhloso zezolimo).
Lezi zinhlobo zibalwe ku-CITES Isithasiselo II futhi zitholakala ezindaweni eziningi ezivikelwe kulo lonke uhla lwazo, kufaka phakathi:
- I-Tsavo West National Park;
- nat. Ipaki yaseTsavo Vostok;
- nat. ipaki yaseKenya;
- nat. IMeru Park;
- nat. Ipaki yaseKora;
- nat. Isiqiwi semvelo iSamburu;
- nat. Isiqiwi seShaba;
- nat. Isiphephelo SaseBuffalo Springs SaseKenya.
ETanzania, inyamazane yezimvu zasendle itholakala esiqiwini semvelo iGrumeti, epaki likazwelonke laseSerengeti, epaki iLake Manyara, nat. IPark Tarangire neMikumi. Ububanzi bezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-galago buvame ukuhlangana. E-Afrika, izinhlobo ezifika kwezingu-8 zezinkawu zasebusuku zingatholakala endaweni ethile, kufaka phakathi i-galago yaseSenegal.
I-galago yaseSenegal isiza ukulawula izinambuzane ezidliwayo. Bangasiza futhi ekusabalaliseni imbewu ngokuzala kwabo. Njengezinhlobo zezilwane ezingaba yisisulu, zithinta abantu abadla ezinye. Futhi ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane, amehlo amakhulu ahehayo nokuntofontofo, okukhumbuza ithoyizi elithambile, bavame ukushiywa njengezilwane ezifuywayo e-Afrika.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 19.07.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 25.09.2019 ngo-21: 38
