Inyoka yaseCaucasus phambilini wayehlala ngamanani amakhulu endaweni yeRussian Federation. Ihlukaniswa ngombala wayo ongafani, okwenza kube nzima ukuyidida nezinye izinyoka. Izici zokuziphatha nokuphila kwalesi silwanyana esinwabuzelayo aziqondakali ngokuphelele, ngoba inani laso lincane, futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lihlala lincipha njalo.
Inyoka ingeyesigaba sezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo ezinobuthi, ubuthi bayo buyingozi kakhulu kubantu. Kodwa-ke, akasoze ahlasela owokuqala. Lapho uhlangana nomuntu, inyoka ithanda ukucasha. Ihlasela kuphela lapho izwa usongo olucacile.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: inyoka yaseCaucasus
Inyoka yaseCaucasus ingeyazo ezihuquzelayo ezinomgogodla, ihlukaniswa ngokuhleleka okubabazekayo, umugqa wezinyoka, umndeni wezinyoka nomndeni omncane, uhlobo lwangempela lwenyoka, uhlobo lwenyoka yaseCaucasus.
Le nyoka inamagama amaningi. Omunye wabo - inyoka Kaznakov. Kungaphansi kwaleli gama lapho izazi zezilwane zichaza khona. Yilokhu umcwaningi waseRussia u-A.M. UNikolsky. Uqale wabhala incazelo ngalo emuva ngo-1909. Wayiqamba ngegama lesazi semvelo esidumile kanye nomhloli wamazwe uKaznakov, owayeyisibonelo nesibonelo sikaNikolsky. Futhi, inyoka ivame ukutholakala ngaphansi kwegama le-chess viper. Lokhu kungenxa yephethini yebhodi lokuhlola emzimbeni wenyoka.
Ividiyo: inyoka yaseCaucasus
Izinyoka zibhekwa njengezidalwa zasendulo kakhulu. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zokuqala zavela emhlabeni wethu zisuka eminyakeni engama-200 kuya kweziyizigidi ezingama-250 edlule. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi bavele esikhathini seTriassic, futhi bayalingana nobudala bama-dinosaurs. Izinyoka zokuqala zazinezitho. Kodwa-ke, inani elikhulu lezitha labaphoqa ukuba bacashe emhlabathini. Izitho zadala ubunzima obukhulu, ngakho-ke kamuva, enkambisweni yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, izingalo zangaphambili zanyamalala. Izitho zangemuva zihlala, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ziye zaba zincane kakhulu futhi sezifana nezinzipho ezincane, ezitholakala ezansi komsila womzimba.
Le nyoka yagcina ilahlekelwe yimilenze cishe eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-70-80 edlule. Ososayensi abaningi baphinde bacabanga ukuthi okhokho bezinyoka kwakuyizibankwa ezinkulu, okungenzeka ukuthi yizigcilikisha. Kuzo zonke izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezikhona emhlabeni, zifana kakhulu nezinyoka. Ngenkathi yokuziphendukela kwemvelo, izinyoka zehlukane zaba izinhlobo futhi zasakazeka ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomhlaba. Izinyoka ze-Viper zinezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-50-60.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Inyoka yaseCaucasia endaweni yaseKrasnodar
Le nyoka inokubukeka okugqame kakhulu futhi okubonakalayo phakathi kwazo zonke izinyoka ezihlala endaweni yeRussian Federation. Inhloko, njengabanye abamele lo mndeni, ibanzi kunomzimba futhi ithambile.
Inyoka ihlukaniswa njengesilwane esihuquzelayo esiphakathi nendawo. Ubude bufinyelela cishe ngamasentimitha angama-40-70. Lezi zinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ziye zaphimisa ukufiphala kocansi. Abesilisa badlula kakhulu abesifazane ngosayizi womzimba. Abesilisa bakhombisa noshintsho olushelelezi ukusuka ekhanda kuye entanyeni. Umzimba omude ugeleza kahle uye emsileni omncane, omfushane.
Inyoka yaseCaucasus inamaphaphu athuthukile futhi anamandla, okuthi, kanye namakhala abanzi atholakala ezansi kwesihlangu samakhala, isirhubuluzi sikhipha umlozi owesabekayo, ofana nomsindo webhola elihlabiwe.
Ngaphandle, inyoka ifana kakhulu nenyoka. Kodwa-ke, kuyehluka ngokungabi bikho kwamabala aphuzi ezindaweni ezisemaceleni zekhanda, kumfundi oqonde mpo. Abafundi banamandla okuncipha nokukhulisa, bagcwalise cishe iso lonke. Esinye isici esihlukanisa inyoka nenyoka ukuba khona kwama-canine anobuthi emlonyeni. Ubude bezinyoni zezinyoka bungamasentimitha angama-3-4.
Inyoka yaseCaucasus, ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, ingaba nombala ohlukile. Izinyoka ezihlala ehlathini zinombala othulisiwe, ompunga ocishe ungabonakali emahlamvu. Izinyoka ezihlala ezindaweni ezinezintaba zimnyama, zicishe zibe mnyama ngombala. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezigcwele amathafa zikhanya ngombala futhi zingaba nombala osawolintshi noma obomvu ojulile. Abanye abantu bangaba nomugqa obomvu noma owolintshi ohamba emzimbeni wonke.
Inyoka endala, iba nezinto ezinemibala eminingi esikhunjeni sayo. Zimboza ngezikhathi ezithile izindawo ezithile zesikhumba, okunikeza umbono wephethini lokuhlola.
Uhlala kuphi inyoka yaseCaucasus?
Isithombe: Inyoka yenyoka yaseCaucasus
Indawo yokuhlala ivame kakhulu.
Izindawo zokuhlala zezilwane ezihuquzelayo:
- I-America esenyakatho;
- I-South America;
- Australia;
- ICaucasus enkulu;
- ezinye izifunda zaseTurkey;
- IGeorgia;
- Abkhazia;
- E-New Zealand;
- IYurophu;
- I-Asia.
Lolu hlobo lwenyoka lungahlala cishe kuzo zonke izifunda zomhlaba, ngaphandle kwezimo zezulu. Namuhla, i-chess viper iyinyoka engajwayelekile, indawo yayo yokuhlala incipha minyaka yonke. Inyoka le ithanda ukukhasa endaweni enezintaba, noma kunjalo, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-900 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
I-viper ingatholakala cishe yonke indawo - endaweni yamahlathi, emathafeni, ezigodini, eduze nemizimba yamanzi. Imvamisa, inyoka ingacasha emahlathini amajikijolo amajikijolo, emasimini ezitsheni zotshani noma otshanini obugundiwe. Izinyoka zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni eziseduze zokuhlala kwabantu. Kulokhu, indawo enjalo iyingozi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi - kokubili kubantu nasenyokeni enobuthi kakhulu. Uma umuntu ethola inyoka eduze kwendlu yakhe noma engadini, nakanjani uzozama ukuyichitha. Inyoka iyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yokuba khona kobuthi, okungaholela ekufeni noma ekuthuthukisweni kwezinkinga ezinzima kubantu.
Yini edliwa yinyoka yaseCaucasus?
Isithombe: Inyoka yaseCaucasus eRussia
Inyoka iyisilwane esihuquzelayo esinobuthi, yingakho nje isilwane esidlayo. Umthombo wokudla oyinhloko ngamagundane nezinambuzane ezincane ezingenamgogodla. Inyoka ingumzingeli onekhono. Uthanda ukuzingela ebusuku. Inyoka icasha ngokuqamekela futhi ilinde ngokubekezela. Lapho isisulu sisondela ngangokunokwenzeka, sisigijimela ngejubane lombani bese sifaka amazinyo ayo ngemfihlo enobuthi. Isisulu sife kungakapheli nemizuzu emingaki. Ngemuva kwalokho, inyoka ye-chess iqala ukudla, igwinya isisulu sonke. Inqubo yokugaya ithatha izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Yini ukudla:
- amagundane amancane;
- izibankwa;
- izibankwa;
- amaxoxo;
- izibhamu;
- ama-jerboas;
- izinyoni ezincane;
- izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinambuzane - izinkumbi, amabhungane, amacimbi, izimvemvane.
Inyoka yaseCaucasus ihlukaniswa nesifiso sayo esinonya. Angadla kaningi kunesisindo sakhe. Ngalesi sizathu, kufanele achithe isikhathi esiningi ekuqamekeleni elinde inyamazane.
Umuzwa othuthukile wokunuka uyithuluzi lokuzingela eliphumelelayo. Ithuluzi elikhulu lokuzingela wulimi oluyimfoloko, inyoka enamathela ngalo njalo. Isirhubuluzi sikhasa kancane endleleni. Ngolimi lwakhe, uthinta kancane umhlaba, lapho isisulu sidlule khona. Ngemuva kwalokho ubeka imikhawulo yolimi engxenyeni yeJacobson, etholakala entanyeni engaphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imininingwane etholakele iyacutshungulwa, evumela izinyoka ukuthi zinqume ngokunembile ngangokunokwenzeka ukuthi isisulu sikude kangakanani nokuthi singakanani ubukhulu baso.
Inyoka chess inezinsimbi eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezinobuthi. Kubandakanya amazinyo abukhali, anobuthi nezindlala ezikhiqiza uketshezi olunamandla anobuthi. Amazinyo atholakala ethanjeni elifushane le-maxillary. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo sezinto zomlomo, umhlathi ongaphezulu uvula cishe ama-degree angama-90, kuyilapho amazinyo emi mpo. Ubuthi benyoka buyingozi kakhulu. Kubangela ukuzwa okubuhlungu kakhulu, ukuvuvukala nokubomvu kwesayithi lokuluma. Ubuthi bufika ngokushesha kuma-lymph node bese busakazeka emzimbeni wonke, kubhubhise amaseli abomvu egazini.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Viper Caucasian Viper
Inyoka lena inyoka enobuthi. Uvame ukuhola indlela yokuphila yedwa, noma ngababili. Ihola kakhulu ebusuku. Emini, ikakhulu ibeka endaweni eyimfihlo. Lapho kuqala ubumnyama, uhamba aye kuzingela. Izinyoka zichitha ingxenye enkulu yesikhathi sazo zifuna futhi zibamba ukudla.
Lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo luholela endaweni yokuphila. Inyoka eyodwa, noma umbhangqwana, uyivikela ngentshiseko indawo yayo kubahlaseli. Balinda ubusika emifantwini yamatshe, noma emigodini. Izinhlobo eziningi zezinyoka ziyafa ngesikhathi sasebusika. Kodwa lezi zinyoka zilinde ngokuthula amakhaza.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Njengesikhungo sasebusika, izinyoka zaseCaucasus ikakhulukazi zikhetha izimbobo noma imifantu etholakala ekujuleni kwamamitha ama-2 noma ngaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, lezi zindawo zitholakala ngaphansi kwezinga lokubandiswa kwenhlabathi, okukuvumela ukuthi umelane namakhaza abanda kakhulu futhi aqine impela.
Inyoka yaseCaucasus inenqwaba yezitha endaweni yayo yemvelo. Ngakho-ke, unakekela ngokweqile futhi ukhetha indawo yokuhlala ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Inyoka eyingozi yaseCaucasus
Isikhathi sokukhwelana sezinyoka siqala ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Lolu hlobo lwenyoka alubeki amaqanda njengezinye izinyoka, kepha luzala inzalo evuthiwe. Ukwakheka kwamaqanda nokuchamuselwa kwezingane kuwo kwenzeka ngaphakathi. Abantu abanamandla futhi abakheke ngokuphelele bayazalwa.
Isikhathi sokuzalwa kwenzalo siwela ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla. Inyoka eyodwa ingazala amawundlu ayisikhombisa kuya kwayi-12 ngasikhathi. Inqubo yokuzalwa yenzeka ngendlela engajwayelekile. Amawele ezinsikazi azungeze isihlahla, ashiye umsila uyingxenye yombhede, futhi aphonse ngokoqobo amawundlu awo phansi. Izinyoka ezincane ezizalwe emhlabeni zifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-10-13 ubude. Imvamisa, izinyoka ezincane zimpunga ngokukhanyayo noma onsundu ngokukhanyayo ngesici sephethini salolu hlobo lwenyoka. Zixubana ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-molt yenzeka ngokwesilinganiso kabili ngenyanga.
Izinyoka ezihlala ezindaweni ezinezintaba ziletha inzalo kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu. Insikazi chess insikazi ayihlukile othandweni oluthile ngenzalo yabo. Ngosuku lwesibili ngemuva kokuzalwa kwenzalo, izinyoka ezincane zihamba ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene.
Izitha zemvelo zezinyoka zaseCaucasus
Isithombe: Inyoka yaseCaucasian Mountain
Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi inyoka ye-chess ithathwa njengeyingozi futhi inobuthi kakhulu, inezitha eziningi endaweni yayo yemvelo.
Izitha zenyoka yaseCaucasus endle:
- izimpungushe;
- ama-ferrets;
- izinhloko zethusi;
- izingulube zasendle;
- ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ezinkulu ezinamaphiko - izikhova, izindwandwe, onogolantethe, izinkozi;
- onogwaja.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ama-hedgehogs awadli izinyoka eziyingozi, ezinobuthi, kepha alwa nawo nje. Ezimweni eziningi, ama-hedgehogs anqoba izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinobuthi. Ngokumangazayo, ushevu wenyoka onobuthi nawo awunamphumela olimazayo ezingulubeni zasendle.
Izitha zezinyoka ze-chess kufanele zifake nabantu. Abantu bazingela izinyoka ngesikhumba sezinyoka esiyigugu, inyama nobuthi. Kokunye ukwelashwa emazweni amaningi, ikakhulukazi emazweni ase-East Asia, inani elikhulu lazo zonke izinhlobo zamafutha okugcoba, ama-lotion, okhilimu enziwa ngesisekelo sobuthi benyoka. Ibuye isetshenziselwe kabanzi ukwenza ama-antidotes.
Emazweni amaningi, inyama yezinyoka ezinobuthi ibhekwa njengesibiliboco esingajwayelekile nesibiza kakhulu. Ama-gourmets amaningi emazweni aseMpumalanga ancamela ukudla inyama eyomisiwe yeCaucasian, noma i-chess viper.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: I-Black Caucasian Viper
Inani lezilwane ezihuquzelayo eziyingozi lihlala lincipha. Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi simo ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo eziningi ngokwengeziwe zomuntu. Lokhu kuphoqa izinyoka ukuba zikhuphuke ziqhubeke ngokwengeziwe ezintweni zabantu, indawo yazo yokuhlala incipha ngokushesha. Izinyoka ze-chess zivame ukuhlala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala abantu. Lokhu kucasula umuntu ukuqothula izinyoka. Izilwane ezinwabuzelayo eziningi zifa ngaphansi kwamasondo ezimoto nemishini yezolimo.
Isimo sibhebhethekiswa iqiniso lokuthi izilwane ezihuquzelayo kuyaqabukela zikhiqize inzalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imisebenzi yabantu evusa ukufuduka kwezinyoka endaweni yabo inegalelo ekufeni kwabo. Lezi yizilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezihlala ezindaweni ezithile, ezikuthola kunzima kakhulu ukuhlala endaweni engaziwa, engaziwa.
Ukutholakala kokudla okwanele nakho kunomthelela ekwehleni kwenani. Izinyoka ze-chess zidinga ukudla okuningi. Akuzona zonke izifunda ezihlala lezi ezihuquzelayo ezinenani elanele lokuphakelwa kokudla. Abantu babhubhisa amagundane njengezilokazane zezitshalo zezolimo. Kubuye kube nomthelela ekwehleni kwabantu. Kuze kube manje, ososayensi nabacwaningi abakwazi ukunquma ubukhulu besilinganiso sabantu.
Ukuvikelwa kwezinyoka zaseCaucasus
Isithombe: Inyoka yaseCaucasus evela eRed Book
Ukugcina lezi zinhlobo nokwandisa inani labantu, lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo lubhalwe kuRed Book. Kuvikelwe endaweni yesiqiwi saseCaucasus, kanye nasemapaki kazwelonke eRitsinsky naseKinshirsky. Lezi zinyathelo zenze ukuthi kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa ngandlela thile ukwehla okusheshayo ngosayizi wabantu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinyathelo azanele ukonga lezi zinhlobo.
Ngabantu bezifunda ezihlala i-chess viper, umsebenzi wokuchaza wenziwa ngemithetho yokuziphatha lapho uhlangana nenyoka enobuthi. Abantu abazi njalo ukuthi kufanele baziphathe kanjani uma kubanjwa inyoka endleleni. Akalokothi ahlasele umuntu kuqala. Kunalokho, uyoshesha ayokhosela endaweni ephephile. Ngakho-ke, akufanele ukhombise ulaka, awudingi ukwenza ukunyakaza okungazelelwe. Kwezinye izifunda, izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezizingelayo azivunyelwe ngumthetho, kungakhathalekile inhloso.
Ubuholi bamanye amazwe buthuthukisa izinhlelo ezikhethekile ezihlose ukudala izindawo ezikhethekile ezivikelwe ukukhulisa isibalo sabantu. Inyoka yaseCaucasus iyinyoka engavamile kakhulu namuhla. Ngeshwa, inani labantu lihlala lincipha njalo. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi lolu hlobo lusengcupheni yokuqothulwa.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 06/27/2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/23/2019 ngo-21: 55
