Ukugqama, ukubukeka okuhle, izwi lomculo - konke lokhu kwenza i-oriole ibe enye yezinyoni ezidume kakhulu ekilasini. I-Oriole ivame ukuhlobisa omagazini besayensi, izincwadi zezingane, izincwadi zokubhalela kanye namakhadi eposi. Ingabonakala kalula ngomculo wayo omnandi okhumbuza imisindo yomtshingo. Kepha, naphezu kokuqashelwa okukhulu, bambalwa abangaqhosha ngolwazi olujulile ngalezi zinyoni ezincane. Indlela yabo yokuphila, imikhuba nezinye izici kufanele zinakwe!
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Oriole
I-oriole, noma i-oriole ejwayelekile, iyinyoni encane uma iqhathaniswa nezimpaphe ezikhanyayo, ezimibalabala. Yilona kuphela ilungu lomndeni omkhulu we-oriole elisabalele enyakatho Nenkabazwe, lapho kuhlala khona isimo sezulu esipholile. Ngokwesayensi, le nyoni ibizwa nge-Oriolus. Kunombono wokuthi leli gama livela egameni lesiLatini elithi "aureolus", elihumusha ngokuthi "igolide". Ngalesi sizathu, ukuvela kwegama elinjalo lenyoni kuchazwa ngombala wayo ocebile wezimpaphe.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Ama-Orioles yizinyoni zezingoma ezinezwi elifana nokudlala umtshingo. Kodwa-ke, ingoma yalezi zinyoni ayihlali imnandi endlebeni. Kwesinye isikhathi zenza imisindo emibi kakhulu noma i- "meow". "Meowing" luhlobo lwesiginali uma kwenzeka kuba yingozi ezihlotsheni zabo.
I-Oriole yaziwa kalula phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinye izinyoni. Incane, ifinyelela kumasentimitha angamashumi amabili nanhlanu ubude futhi inesisindo somzimba, ngokwesilinganiso, amagremu ayisikhombisa. Ama-Orioles ahamba kakhulu, kuyaqabukela ahlale athule, kepha axhumani ngokuphelele. Bakhetha ukuchitha isikhathi bodwa noma nabashadikazi babo. Isici esivelele salezi zinyoni umbala wazo. Izimpaphe zabantu abadala zipendwe ngemibala ekhanyayo yegolide, ephuzi, eluhlaza okotshani, ophuzi nomnyama.
Ama-Orioles anezihlobo eziningi eziseduze. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abamele izinkanyezi, ama-corvids, ama-drongovy, amaqabunga.
I-Oriole ivame ukuhlukaniswa ngama-subspecies amabili, kuya ngezimpawu zombala wezimpaphe:
- o. kundoo Sykes. Lezi zinhlobo ezincane zihlala kwezinye izifunda zaseKazakhstan, e-Asia Ephakathi, e-Afghanistan. Zinezici eziningana ezivamile zangaphandle: uphaphe lwesibili lwendiza lufana nolwesihlanu, ngemuva kweso kunebala elimnyama, ngaphandle kwezimpaphe zomsila nazo zipendiwe ezimnyama;
- o. oriolus Linnaeus. Lezi zinyoni zakha izidleke zazo eYurophu, Kazakhstan, Siberia, India, Afrika. Uphaphe lwazo lwesibili lokundiza lukhulu kancane kunolesihlanu, futhi ayikho indawo emnyama ngemuva kweso. Ngaphandle, izimpaphe zomsila zipendwe ngokumnyama.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Bird Oriole
E-Orioles, abantu bazisa ngaphezu kwakho konke ukubukeka kwabo okuthakazelisayo, ikakhulukazi umbala omuhle, onemibala wezimpaphe. Ngombala, lezi zinyoni zihlukaniswe hhayi kuphela kuma-subspecies, kodwa futhi zihlukaniswa ngobulili. Abesifazane nabesilisa balezi zinyoni banemibala yezimpaphe ehlukile. Ngakho-ke, abesilisa banokubukeka okugqame kakhulu. Umzimba wazo unemibala ephuzi ngokugqamile, igolide elinamaphiko amnyama. Ukubukeka okumangazayo okunjalo kusiza abesilisa ukuba bahehe abesifazane ngokushesha futhi kalula.
Abesifazane banokubukeka okunesizotha, kepha futhi bahle kakhulu. Imizimba yazo inombala onamanzi. Amabala amnyama ayabonakala esifubeni nasesiswini sowesifazane, kanti amaphiko anombala ompunga ngokuluhlaza okotshani. Izimpaphe zalaba bameleli bomndeni wase-Oriole zikhanya impela, ngakho-ke azikwazi ukudidaniswa nezinye izinyoni. Lezi zinyoni zihlala ziheha iso, zigqame kwezinye.
Ividiyo: i-Oriole
Ngaphandle kwalokho, abesifazane nabesilisa banamapharamitha afanayo. Zincane impela. Ukuphakama akweqi ngamasentimitha angamashumi amabili nanhlanu, futhi isisindo kuphela ezimweni ezihlukile sifinyelela amagremu ayikhulu. Ngokwesilinganiso, izinyoni zinesisindo esingama-gram angamashumi ayisikhombisa kuphela. Iphiko lingamasentimitha angamashumi amahlanu. Umzimba wabantu abadala unesimo esilinganisiwe. Umlomo uqine kakhulu, uqinile, unombala onsundu ngokubomvu.
Lezi zinyoni azithandi ukuhlala zinganyakazi, ngakho amaphiko azo aqinile impela. Indiza ye-Oriole yehlisa futhi ishesha kakhulu. Le nyoni encane ingafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela kumakhilomitha angamashumi ayisikhombisa ngehora. Ngaphandle kokusebenza kahle kwezindiza, i-oriole ayivamile ukubonwa ezindaweni ezivulekile zomoya. Zikhetha ukundiza phakathi kwehlathi, phakathi kwezihlahla. Esinye isici esivelele sezinyoni yizwi lazo. Ama-Orioles anesimo esiyingqayizivele, angakwazi ukukhiqiza imisindo ehlukahlukene - emnandi futhi engemnandi neze.
Uhlala kuphi ama-Oriole?
Ama-Orioles ayizinhlobo ezisakazeke kakhulu. Lapho zihlala khona, izinyoni zihlala ezindaweni eziningi. Izinyoni ezinjalo zibeka izidingo ezimbalwa endaweni yazo. Banikeza ukukhetha kuphela isimo sezulu esipholile. Ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu noma ukubanda kuphikisiwe kubo. Ngalesi sizathu, izinyoni zihlala ngasenyakatho yenkabazwe, ezifundeni ezinamazinga okushisa amukelekile.
Abantu abaningi kakhulu bama-orioles bahlala eYurophu. Zijwayelekile eSweden, eFinland, ePoland, eBelarus, eRussia. Futhi, izinyoni ezinjalo zitholakala ogwini oluseningizimu yeNgilandi, e-Isles of Scilly. Kwesinye isikhathi i-Oriole itholakala eziqhingini zaseMadeira nase-Azores. Kodwa-ke, inani labantu lakhona alizinzile kakhulu. Futhi, lezi zinyoni ziyisivakashi esingavamile eBritish Isles.
Indawo yokuhlala futhi ihlanganisa i-Asia, ikakhulukazi - ingxenye yayo yonke esentshonalanga. IBangladesh, i-India, izintaba zase-Western Sayan, isiGodi saseYenisei yizindawo ezithandwa kakhulu ama-orioles. I-Oriole, noma ngabe ihlala kuphi, iyinyoni efudukayo. Ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo noma ukungabikho kokudla, izinyoni zishintsha indawo yazo yokuhlala. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yizinkumbi zezinyoni zaseNdiya. Bangandiza kuphela ezindizeni ezincane.
Ebangeni labo lemvelo, ama-orioles ayakhetha kakhulu. Bathanda ukuhlala phezulu ezihlahleni, ikakhulukazi emahlathini ashubile anomswakama omkhulu. Bakhetha i-poplar, i-birch, i-willow groves. Ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphezulu, izinyoni ezinjalo zihlala ezigodini zemifula, zikhetha izindawo ezinamahlathi aminyene. Inani elikhulu lezinyoni ezinjalo litholakala eziqhingini ezingenabantu. Okungajwayelekile, ama-orioles atholakala ezingadini, emapaki, ezintabeni, eduze kakhulu kwabantu.
Yini edliwa ama-Oriole?
Isithombe: Izinyoni ezifudukayo u-Oriole
Ama-Orioles anokudla okuhle okuthakazelisayo. Kuya ngezici eziningi: isifunda sezinyoni, inkathi, isikhathi sosuku, ama-subspecies. Izinambuzane zihlala endaweni yokuqala ekudleni kwazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlu lwezinambuzane lubandakanya izinhlobo ezidliwa kuphela ama-orioles namakhukhamba.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane, ukuphatha okuyizintandokazi yilezi:
- amacimbi;
- izimvemvane;
- izimbungulu ezincane nezinkulu eziphakathi nendawo;
- izicabucabu;
- omiyane;
- ihansi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi ama-orioles asiza kakhulu abantu nehlathi. Zidla amacimbi anoboya, ayingozi kakhulu ezihlahleni. Ezinye izinyoni zezinambuzane ezinjalo ziyandiza, ngoba zinezinwele ezinobuthi ezimboze iningi lomzimba wazo.
Izinyoni zithola lezi zinambuzane ngezindlela ezimbili. Bangathola isidlo sabo sasemini khona kanye ezihlahleni noma babanjwe emoyeni. Kusuka ngaphansi kwegxolo, izinambuzane zitholakala ngosizo lomlomo obukhali, oqinile. Kwesinye isikhathi izinambuzane zakha cishe amaphesenti ayisishiyagalolunye wokudla kwansuku zonke. Lapho kufika isikhathi sokuvuna, lezi zinyoni zifaka amajikijolo ahlukahlukene nezithelo ekudleni kwazo.
Lolu hlu lubandakanya:
- ipheya;
- okusamathunduluka;
- i-currant;
- amagilebhisi;
- ama-cherries;
- ibhilikosi;
- amakhiwane;
- inyoni cherry;
- i-currant.
Ama-orioles amancane awadli kakhulu. Ukudla kwabo kwanda kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza okusebenzayo. Ngemuva kwalokho ukudla kwezinyoni kuqala ukufaka ukudla okunomsoco kakhulu kwamaprotheni ngobuningi. Ngenkathi yokukhwelana, ama-Orioles adla ngezindlebe, izimbungulu zasehlathini, kanye nojekamanzi abakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinyoni zingabhubhisa izidleke zezinyoni ezincane. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akwenziwa kaningi.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Inqubo yokudla ka-Orioles ithatha isikhathi esifushane futhi imvamisa ekuseni kuphela. Usuku lonke i-Orioles inaka ezinye "izindaba" zabo, kuphela ngezikhathi ezithile ukudla okulula.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Bird Oriole
I-Oriole ingabizwa njengenye yezinyoni ezinokuthula nobungani kakhulu. Abathandi okuyize. Bahola indlela yokuphila ezolile, ngisho ne-phlegmatic. Abantu baphathwa ngaphandle kokwesaba, abathandi ukuziphoqa kwezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni, ngakho-ke bahlala eceleni. Imvamisa, u-Orioles uchitha usuku lwakhe yedwa, egxuma esuka kwelinye igatsha aye kwelinye. Ngenkathi yokukhwelana, izinyoni zihlala ngazimbili, zibandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwesidleke. Ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela lapho ama-Orioles akhombisa ubudlova. Zingase zihlasele ezinye izinyoni ezifuna ukuphazamisa amatshwele azo noma ukuphula isidleke sazo.
Lolu hlobo lwezinyoni luthanda indlela yokuphila ezolile, elinganisiwe. Ukuze baphile kamnandi, bakhetha amahlathi aphethwe yizihlahla ezinde. Imvamisa lezi yi-birch, poplar groves. Ezindaweni ezomile, le nyoni ayivamile. Abantu abancane kuphela abahlala lapho, abahlala eduze kwezigodi zemifula namahlathi. Kungakhathaleki ukuthi ihlala kuphi, kunzima ukubona inyoni enjalo endle. Uncamela ukucasha emahlathini, esihlokweni sezihlahla.
I-Oriole ichitha usuku lonke inyakaza. Ugxuma asuke kwelinye igatsha lesihlahla aye kwelinye. Uma kukhona umfula noma ichibi eliseduze, khona-ke izinyoni zizondizela lapho futhi zigeze. Bathanda amanzi. Amanzi awagcini nje ngokupholisa, kepha futhi aletha injabulo enkulu kulezi zilwane. Kulokhu zifana kakhulu nezinkonjane ezejwayelekile.
Yize cishe kungenakwenzeka ukubona ama-orioles emahlathini asendle nasemahlathini aminyene, ungakuthokozela ukubukeka kwawo okukhanyayo emapaki nasezivandeni. Ama-Orioles awagwemi ukusondelana nabantu. Emazweni amaningi, bahlala eduze kwabantu abaningi. Into esemqoka kulezi zinyoni ukutholakala kwamanzi nokudla.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Amantshontsho ase-Oriole
I-oriole ejwayelekile iyinyoni eyodwa. Isikhathi sokukhwelana siqala sekwephuze impela, ngoba izinyoni zifika ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke ngemuva kokufuduka kuphela ngemuva kokuvela kobuhlaza bokuqala. Okokuqala, abesilisa bandizela ezidlekeni, bese kuba abesifazane. Ama-Orioles azala kanye ngonyaka. Kunzima ukuqamba isikhathi sokuzalisa ngokucacile, ngoba kuya ngendawo yokuhlala kanye nezinhlobo zezinyoni.
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, owesilisa uziphatha ngenkuthalo nangokweyisa. Uzama ngakho konke ukubukeka kwakhe ukuzibonakalisa kwabesifazane. Abesilisa bagxuma ngenkuthalo kusuka egatsheni kuya egatsheni, bandizela ngakubo abakhethiwe, bebonisa "ingubo" yabo enhle futhi ekhanyayo. Kwesinye isikhathi abesilisa baphoqeleka ukuba bajahe insikazi. Ngesikhathi sokudlala ngothando, ama-orioles acula kamnandi, ashaye ikhwela futhi atshiyoze. Uma kwenzeka kuqubuka ingxabano phakathi kwabesilisa, kungaqubuka nokulwa. Ama-Orioles aqapha indawo yawo nowesifazane ngomona kakhulu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Abesilisa bacula kakhulu, ngesikhathi sokukhwela cishe abayeki ukukhuluma. Isikhathi esisele, ukucula kwalezi zinyoni kuzwakala kancane. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kwenkathi yokukhwelana, abesilisa baqala ingoma kuphela ngokukhuphuka okukhulu ezingeni lomswakama. Ngakho-ke, abantu baqala ukubikezela izimvula.
Ama-Orioles abeka izidleke zawo phezulu ngaphezu komhlaba. Ngaphandle, "izindlu" zifana nebhasikidi elilenga elincane. Izidleke zezinyoni zelukiwe ngeziqu ezomile zotshani, imichilo yebast, ibark bark. Ngaphakathi ezindlini kufakwe umkhuhlane, ubulembu, amaqabunga. Kwesinye isikhathi, ekwakheni isidleke sama-orioles, basebenzisa imfucumfucu eyahlukahlukene eyasala ngemuva kwabantu abasehlathini. Bobabili abazali besikhathi esizayo babamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwesidleke. Owesilisa uletha impahla efanelekayo, owesifazane uyayibeka phansi.
Ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhwelana, insikazi izalela amaqanda. I-clutch eyodwa iqukethe cishe amaqanda amane. Amaqanda anombala obomvana noma o-creamy futhi anezinkomba ezibomvu ngokugqamile. Insikazi ifukamela amaqanda cishe amasonto amabili. Kwesinye isikhathi kuphela owesilisa angamfaka esikhundleni sakhe "kokuthunyelwe". Ngemuva kokuzalwa, amaphuphu ondliwa ngabazali bawo izinsuku eziyishumi nanhlanu.
Izitha zemvelo zama-Orioles
Isithombe: Songbird Oriole
Ngaphandle kobukhulu bayo obunesizotha nokubukeka okubonakalayo, ama-orioles kuyaqabukela eba yizisulu zezitha zemvelo. Lokhu kungenxa yezici ezithile zokuphila kwabo. Lezi zinyoni azixhumani, zithanda ukuchitha isikhathi sabo esiningi emahlathini, phakathi kwezihlahla ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu. Futhi, emini, lezi zinyoni cishe azikwazi ukubanjwa zifuna futhi zidle ukudla. Bakhetha ukudla kakhulu ukudla kwabo kwansuku zonke ekuseni kakhulu.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-Oriole kunesikhathi esithile. Izitha zemvelo eziyingozi kunazo zonke kubo ngondlunkulu, oheshe, izinkozi, ama-kites. Yizilwane ezidliwayo ezinamaphiko eziyaziyo indlela futhi ezingashesha ukubamba i-oriole bese ziyidla ngayo isidlo sasemini. Ezinye izinyoni ezinkulu zivame ukuzibandakanya ezidlekeni ezihlasela i-oriole. Kodwa-ke, kuyaqabukela kwenzeka ngaphandle kokulwa. Ama-Orioles aqapha ngokucophelela inzalo yawo. Alwa ngokungesabi izinyoni ezinquma ukudla amachwane noma amaqanda.
Ezinye izilwane azivamile ukuhlasela i-oriole, izimo ezinjalo azivamile. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngenkathi kuseshwa amajikijolo, izithelo, noma ukubhukuda. Kwezilwane ezidla ezinye, ama-orioles asengozini enkulu ngesikhathi sokwakha isidleke. Banentshiseko enkulu ngokuthola ukudla noma umusi, ngakho-ke balahlekelwa ukuqapha kwabo. Kodwa-ke, ngokugcwalisa ngempumelelo isidleke, izinga lokuphepha kwabo liyakhula. Izidleke zihlala zifihliwe kahle futhi zitholakala ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Ama-Orioles anendawo yokuhlala emincane impela, kepha amelwe ngabantu abaningi. Ngokuya ngemininingwane esemthethweni, ama-Orioles maningi futhi nenombolo yawo ayisongelwa eminyakeni ezayo. Ama-Orioles ahlukaniswa njenge-LC futhi anesimo Esincane Sokukhathazeka.
Ukulondolozwa kwabantu abazinzile bezinhlobo kunqunywa yizici eziningana zemvelo. Okokuqala, ama-orioles abekhona isikhathi eside. Ososayensi baye bathinta abantu abadala futhi bathola ukuthi isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwabo yiminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Okwesibili, lezi zinyoni zivundile impela, futhi inzalo yazo inezinga eliphakeme lokusinda. I-oriole yesifazane ingabeka cishe amaqanda amane kuya kwamahlanu ngasikhathi sinye. Okwesithathu, ama-Orioles aphila ngendlela eqaphe kakhulu. Kancane kakhulu ukuthi bafe endaweni yabo yemvelo ngenxa yezifo noma ukuhlaselwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye.
Naphezu kwesimo sabo esizinzile, inani labantu base-Oriole, njengezinye izinyoni eziningi, lehle kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yokonakala kwesimo esijwayelekile semvelo, nokuqedwa kwamahlathi okungalawulwa. Okungukuthi, ihlathi liyindawo yokuhlala eyinhloko ye-oriole. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zinto zingaholela ekwehleni okuphawuleka kakhulu kwesibalo salezi zinyoni.
I-Oriole - inyoni encane enombala ogqamile wezimpaphe, eheha ukunakwa ngesimo sayo esimnandi sezwi. Kuyaqabukela badonse amehlo abantu, kepha uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke umhlangano ne-oriole ngeke ukhohlwe isikhathi eside. Ngaphandle kobuhle bawo nokucula okuhle, ama-orioles yizinyoni eziwusizo impela. Babodwa, beno cuckoo, ukubhubhisa amacimbi anoboya, adala umonakalo omkhulu ezihlahleni.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: Juni 24, 2019
Usuku lokuvuselela: 07/05/2020 ngo-11: 37
