Isicabucabu uBrown sihlukanisa incane kakhulu, kepha iyingozi kakhulu - ubuthi bayo bunamandla kangangokuba ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwezempilo okufika ngesikhathi kungaholela ekufeni, kuyilapho izinhlungu ziqala ukuzwakala kude ngokushesha, futhi ingaluma umuntu olele. Lesi sidalwa esiyingozi sivame ukuhlala ezakhiweni ezilahliwe ngisho nasezakhiweni zokuhlala.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: UBrown ukhipha isicabucabu
Ukuvela kwama-arachnid okuqala kubuyela emuva enkathini ye-Devonia - kepha-ke, lezi bekungezona neze izinhlobo ezifanayo ezihlala emhlabeni wethu manje. Ama-Arachnids aguqukela ngokushesha okukhulu, ngenxa yalokho, izinhlobo ezindala ziyafa, kepha hhayi nje kanjalo, kepha ziyashintsha futhi ziveze ezintsha.
Ama-arachnid amadala kakhulu aba yizidalwa zasolwandle zokuqala ukufika emhlabathini, ahlala kuwo, kwathi lapho ezinye izidalwa eziphilayo zidonsela emuva kwazo, zaqala ukuphila impilo yokudla. Umehluko omkhulu kwezinye izidalwa eziphilayo kwakuyiwebhu yabo, ekhiqizwa yizindlala ezikhethekile ezivela kolunye lwemilenze emibili.
Ukusetshenziswa kwewebhu kunqunywa ukuthi kwenzeka nini okhokho bezinhlobo zezicabucabu: kulezi ezilula kakhulu, zisetshenziselwa kuphela ukudala imifece, kuyilapho ezithuthukile kakhulu zithola okunye ukusetshenziswa kwayo, ngokwesibonelo, zibeka amanethiwekhi noma zenze izidleke. Isicabucabu esinsundu esinsundu singenye yalezo ezisebenzisa iwebhu kuphela ngenxa yomfece.
Ividiyo: Spider Hermit Spider
Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi uhlobo uqobo lwalo ludala - njengazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zama-arachnids, lwavela kungekudala, phakathi kwamashumi ezinkulungwane zeminyaka edlule, lwavele lwashintsha kancane uma luqhathaniswa nokhokho basendulo. Ngokuvamile, ukuvela kwezicabucabu akufundwanga kangako futhi kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe.
Ososayensi abakasunguli ngokwethembeka uchungechunge iningi labo elakhiwe ngalo, kufaka phakathi izigaxa. Kusobala nje ukuthi indlela yokuphila yesicabucabu esinsundu esihamba ngokufana nayo iyafana naleyo yokhokho bayo abakude - kungenzeka nokuthi ubuthi obunamandla obunjalo babudingeka kuye ngokumelene nezinye izidalwa ezingasekho, ngakho-ke usaphila nanamuhla. Lolu hlobo lwachazwa ngo-1940 ngu-V. Gerch noS. Mulayk. Uthole igama lesayensi elithi Loxosceles reclusa, elinikezwe umndeni iSicariidae.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Isicabucabu esinsundu esinobuthi
Ubungako balesi spider buncane kakhulu: ngemilenze efinyelela ku-20 mm, futhi ngaphandle kwazo ngisho no-5-7 mm. Imvamisa insikazi iba nkulu, kepha umehluko mncane. Umzimba wesicabucabu umbozwe uboya, obukhulu futhi obufushane, ngokubukeka bangaphanjaniswa noboya.
Ibuye yehluke kwezinye izicabucabu eziningi ngoba inamehlo ayisithupha kuphela, hhayi 8. Ngalesi sibonakaliso, ungasibona: kubonakala ngokusobala ukuthi maphakathi isicabucabu esinsundu esinezinsipho sinamehlo amabili kuphela, kanti amanye amabili ezinhlangothini zaso ... Ngaphandle kwalokho, yehluke kancane kwezinye izicabucabu, yingakho zivame ukudideka.
Kodwa-ke, kunesibonakaliso esisodwa esibaluleke kakhulu: ku-cephalothorax yakhe, ungabona iphethini efana ne-violin. Kodwa-ke, lo mdwebo usadinga ukucatshangelwa, imvamisa ingilazi yokukhulisa iyadingeka kulokhu. Yize lezi zigcawu zibizwa ngombala onsundu, empeleni akuzona zonke ezifana nazo, ezinye zimpunga noma zimnyama ngokuphuzi ngombala.
Iwebhu yabo ayinayo iphethini ecacile ne-oda, futhi kubonakala sengathi ilukiwe ngokuphelele ngokuxakaniseka - empeleni kunjalo. Iwebhu iyanamathela kokuthintwayo. Ama-paw mncane futhi made. Isicabucabu esidabukisayo esidonswayo esidonseka ngaphambili, sihlala emuva futhi siphakamise esiphakathi. Ngakho-ke uxwayisa ukuthi ukulungele ukuzivikela, lesi simo senzelwe ukwethusa umhlaseli.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Kwakukholelwa phambilini ukuthi izicabucabu ezinkulu zazihlala eMhlabeni ezikhathini zasendulo, kepha muva nje kwavela ukuthi kwaba nephutha ekwakhiweni kabusha kwezinsalela, futhi empeleni azizinkulu kangako. Ngakho-ke isicabucabu esikhulu kunazo zonke sihlala emhlabeni wethu kuze kube yilolu suku - yi-goliath tarantula, ubude bayo ngamasentimitha angama-28.
Sihlala kuphi isicabucabu esinsundu?
Isithombe: Brown Hermit Spider eTurkey
Indawo yokuhlala enkulu eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States kusuka e-Illinois naseNebraska kuya eTexas naseVirginia. ECalifornia, itholakala ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ingaphakathi kuphela. Ezifundeni ezitholakala ngaphakathi kobubanzi obucacisiwe, itholakala kaningi.
Kwezinye izindawo, kaningi kakhulu - kwesinye isikhathi kuba nokuhlaselwa kwangempela kwalezi zigcawu. Bangatholakala ngaphandle kwendawo ebekiwe, kepha kakhulu kaningi, kuphela uma bengeniswa ngephutha. Iyakwazi ukuhlala ezimweni zemvelo ezahlukahlukene, ukuze noma ngabe ngesikhathi sokuhamba iphelela emazweni akude kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, eYurophu, iphumelela ngempumelelo.
Kunobufakazi bokuthi wagxila e-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminyakeni yamuva nje kuye kwaqashelwa kaningi e-Australia, kungenzeka ukuthi sekugxilile kuleli zwekazi. Kuze kube yilapho indawo yokuhlala lezi zilwane ezingaphandle kweNyakatho Melika ingakatholakali ngokwethembeka, imininingwane ephathelene nazo iyahlukana.
Ukhetha igumbi njengendawo yokuhlala, kungcono uma lifudumele futhi lomile. Ngasikhathi sinye, wabizwa ngesidlakela ngesizathu esithile, kodwa ngoba akayithandi inkampani futhi ukhetha ukuhlala ezindlini ezilahliwe, noma ukumane ungahlali muntu, njengezindlu zasehlobo, izindlu zangasese noma ama-attic.
Ngeke kube yisithiyo noma ngabe igumbi alishisiwe: isicabucabu sodwa siyakwazi ukusinda emakhazeni ebusika aphakathi nendawo asendaweni yaso. Futhi-ke akakuthandi ukubanda, ngakho-ke ebusika, izindawo zokuhlala nazo zingahamba ngeminyango noma ngamawindi.
Uncamela ukucashela abantu futhi uhlala ezindaweni ezifihlekile: ngemuva kwama-baseboards, ifenisha, ama-radiator. Ingaphila futhi buqamama nezindlu, ezindaweni zokukhosela ezahlukahlukene, ngokwesibonelo, edwaleni noma ngaphansi kwezingodo.
Manje uyazi lapho kuhlala khona isicabucabu esinsundu. Ake sibone ukuthi kuyini.
Isidla isicabucabu esinsundu sidlani?
Isithombe: UBrown ukhipha isicabucabu
Izingela kuphela izinambuzane ezincane, eziphansi ngosayizi kuzo, imvamisa kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi akabeki amanetha okubamba, kepha uzingela ngaphandle kwawo: ulandelela inyamazane, ngemuva kwalokho ayihlasele futhi ayilume, ajove ubuthi. Ngaphandle kosizo lwenethiwekhi, kunzima kuye ukubhekana nesisulu esikhulu - kungaba yingozi.
Ekudleni kwakhe:
- ama-midges amancane;
- omiyane;
- imvukuzane;
- izicabucabu ezincane, kufaka phakathi abantu bezinye izizwe;
- nokunye okunjalo.
Ngemuva kokulunywa, isisulu sikhubazeka ngokushesha, futhi asisakwazi ukumelana - futhi kaningi sifa ngemuva kwemizuzwana, ngoba ubuthi besicabucabu lobu bunamandla kakhulu. Le ndlela yokuzingela isasebenza kangako kunokusebenzisa inetha, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi isicabucabu esihlala sisodwa kufanele sishiywe ngaphandle kokudla isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Umzimba wakhe ujwayele isimo esinjalo - angabeka izakhi zomzimba ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo amasonto ambalwa noma ngisho nenyanga nohhafu ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uzingela ebusuku, emini uvame ukuphumula ezindaweni ezifihlekile - akakuthandi nhlobo ukukhanya kwelanga futhi uzama ukukugwema.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Imvamisa ubuthi besicabucabu bunobuthi ezingeni elidingekayo ekudleni. Ngakho-ke, uma isicabucabu sidla izinambuzane ezingangempukane, sanele nje ukusinqanda ngokushesha. Uma isilwane sizingela isicabucabu ngokukhulu, siqinisa ubuthi baso.
Kepha ngalezi zinhlobo yonke into yehluke ngokuphelele: izingela izilwane ezincane kakhulu, kepha ubuthi bayo bunobuthi obedlulele nakubantu - futhi abesabi ushevu cishe wanoma yisiphi esinye isicabucabu. Kwabacwaningi, kusalokhu kuyindida ukuthi kungani, ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo, aqala ukukhipha ubuthi obunamandla kangako.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: I-Brown hermit spider eRussia
Uhlala ezama ukuhlala yedwa ukuze angaphazamiseki. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma angahlala efulethini, akatholakali ndawo ndawo ebonakalayo, ngaphandle kokuthi mhlawumbe ngesikhathi sokuzingela. Ekuhambeni kwayo, ingahamba iye kude nesidleke, ikakhulukazi uma ingahlali endlini, kepha kwindalo.
Uma kunokuncane okudliwayo endaweni ahlala kuyo, angahle afudukele kwenye. Kepha ukuhamba amabanga amade ngokuzingela kuyisici ikakhulu sabesilisa, banamathuba amaningi okufuduka, kepha abesifazane kulula kakhulu ukukhuphuka nokuchitha cishe sonke isikhathi sabo esidlekeni, bezama ukungasuki kuso.
Njengoba ethanda ukucashela abantu futhi usebenza ebusuku, imvamisa kungenzeka ukuhlangana naye ebusuku, lapho ezingela - imvamisa izicabucabu ziluma abantu ngqo ngoba ziyabaphazamisa, zingaziboni ebumnyameni. Isicabucabu singavela ebhokisini lezicathulo noma ekhabetheni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ukuzingela kungamyisa embhedeni.
Uma bengahlangani nabantu, bahlala isikhathi eside ngokwamazinga wesicabucabu - ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka engu-3-4, kwesinye isikhathi bangafinyelela eminyakeni yobudala engama-6. Ngalesi sikhathi, insikazi iyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda kaningi, ngakho-ke uma ushiya isicabucabu sodwa, ngesikhathi esithile ungathola ukuthi sekukhona wonke umndeni wabo - ngakho-ke kungcono ukulwa nabo ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulinda kuze kube baningi babo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Isicabucabu esinsundu esinobuthi esinesihlungu
Cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi bahlala bodwa, kepha nokho amathuba okuba namaqembu awashiywa ngaphandle. Izizathu zokuthi kungani lezi zigcawu, zivame ukugwema umphakathi wabazalwa, kwesinye isikhathi ziqala ukuhlala ngamaqembu, futhi ngokubanzi, azikasungulwa ngokuthembekile.
Kepha umuntu angadabukela kuphela abanikazi bezindawo lapho kuhlala iqembu elinje: kuzoba nzima kakhulu futhi kube yingozi ukulwa nabo, kunezimo zokuhlaselwa kwangempela, futhi kubanikazi kwesinye isikhathi baphela ngokudabukisayo, ngoba lezi zigcawu zinobuthi obukhulu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, imvamisa abajwayele ukuhlaselwa abantu, futhi empeleni noma yiziphi izidalwa ezingezona izisulu: ziluma kuphela uma zikholelwa ukuthi zihlaselwe. Inkinga lapha ukuthi ngenxa yobuncane besicabucabu, kwesinye isikhathi abantu abasinaki - futhi nangenxa yokuthi imihlangano ivame ukwenzeka ebumnyameni.
Isibonelo, isicabucabu singabhekwa njengokuhlasela uma isitho sikhonjwe ngephutha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane bangaba nolaka kakhulu uma umuntu esondele esidlekeni sabo nge-clutch - bangaluma ngisho noma engathathi zenzo ezinolaka.
Ukuzala kungenzeka kaningana ngonyaka - ngemuva kokukhulelwa, owesifazane ubeka amaqanda ku-cocoon, amashumi ambalwa, kwesinye isikhathi aze afike kumashumi amahlanu. Ngemuva kwalokho, ihlala iseduze ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi ivikela ibamba, ize iyeke nokuzingela. Ngemuva kokuchamusela, izicabucabu zikhula ngokushesha okokuqala ngqa, futhi ngemuva kwenyanga ziqala ukuhlala zodwa. Bafinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi cishe ngonyaka.
Izitha zemvelo zesicabucabu
Isithombe: Isicabucabu esiyinsundu esiyingozi
Yize iyisilwane esinobuthi futhi siyingozi kakhulu, kukhona nabaphikisi abakhulu, abashesha ukubasaba abangabesabi ubuthi bayo, asebevele bedla ngayo.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- ama-centipedes;
- amakhilikithi;
- ogebhezi;
- izicabucabu zempisi;
- nabanye.
Lapho uhlala emvelweni, kusongelwa izingozi eziningi, yingakho, naphezu kokukhiqiza okuphumelelayo, inani lesicabucabu sesinamoni lihlala lizinzile - inani elikhulu kakhulu labo libhuqwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye.
Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwizicabucabu ezisencane, kulula kakhulu ukuthi izidalwa ezizingelayo zizizingele kunalezo esezitholile ulwazi, esezifundile ukufihla nokuzivikela, futhi seziyizicabucabu eziyingozi kakhulu zabantu abadala. Emva kwakho konke, ukuzingela okungaphumelelanga kwesicabucabu esinobuthi okunjalo kungaphela ngokufa komzingeli uqobo!
Kepha emafulethini kunezinsongo ezingatheni kakhulu kubo, ngoba kuzo lezi zigcawu zingazala ngokushesha. Ezinye izicabucabu ziba yisitha esibi kunazo zonke kuzo, ngoba yize isicabucabu esihlala yodwa siyingozi kubantu, ngokwamazinga ezinye izicabucabu eziningi sincane ngosayizi, siphansi ngobugagu namandla.
Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwezicabucabu ezingenabungozi ekhaya kungasiza. Isibonelo, abenzi bezinkuni basebenza kahle kakhulu ngokumelene nama-hermits, abanabungozi ngokuphelele kubantu. Futhi phakathi kwezitha zesicabucabu esinsundu esihamba ngokusobala, yiqiniso, kukhona nabantu uqobo.
Njengoba ziyingozi kakhulu, zivame ukulwa nazo ngenhloso, kusetshenziswa izinto ezinobuthi ukuzisusa ezindlini noma kumagumbi okusetshenziswa. Ukuzisusa emakhaya ase-US okuyingxenye yebanga lalezi zigcawu kungenye yemisebenzi ephambili yochwepheshe bokulawulwa kwezinambuzane.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: UBrown ukhipha isicabucabu
Yize indawo yokuhlala ingabanzi kakhulu futhi ihlanganisa kuphela izifundazwe eziseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-United States, zihlala abamele lolu hlobo kakhulu, ngokombono wezakhamuzi eziningi zalezi zifundazwe, kakhulu kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke inani labo labantu likhulu futhi akukho lutho olubasabisayo - bona uqobo lwabo ngeke bafe, futhi akulula ukubazala. Ukwesaba kubangelwa ukuzala kwabo ngokweqile: isibonelo, kunemininingwane yokuthi inani labantu besicabucabu esinsundu esikhulayo likhula kakhulu kulezo zindawo lapho lafakwa khona.
Kunobungozi bokuthi izokwanda kulezi zindawo ezintsha, ngisho nakwamanye amazwekazi, bese iqala ukuphindaphindeka lapho futhi. Njengoba kunikezwe ubungozi bayo, ukuthuthuka okunjalo kwemicimbi akufuneki neze, ngoba kuba nzima ukubhekana nakho njengoba kusakazeka.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: E-United States, cishe abantu abayi-7,000 bahlushwa yilesi silwane minyaka yonke. Ubuthi bayo buyingozi kakhulu, kuyilapho ekuqaleni ukuluma kungabonakala kungabalulekile - imvamisa akukho buhlungu okuvela kubo, futhi kufana nomiyane. Iqala ukulimala emahoreni angu-3-4, futhi imiphumela emibi kakhulu yenzeka emahoreni angu-7-8.
Izimpawu: isicanucanu, ubuthakathaka nesiyezi, ikhanda elibuhlungu - konke lokhu kukhombisa ubuthi. Uma isicabucabu esilunyiwe sibukeka njengokuhamba oku nsundu, awukwazi ukulinda izimpawu - kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha, ngoba lapho kungekho ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, i-necrosis kungenzeka, ngaphezu kwalokho, konke kungaphela nasekufeni.
Kunzima ukuqandusela nokuzalanisa ngokushesha isicabucabu esi-brown recluse - esinye seziqashi eziyingozi kakhulu ezingamenyiwe ezihlala endaweni yabantu. Ngakho-ke, njengoba uhlala ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo, kufanele uqaphele, futhi uma ulunywa, thintana nodokotela ngokushesha - lena ukuphela kwendlela yokuvimbela ukuqala kwemiphumela emibi kakhulu.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 20.06.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 25.09.2019 ngo-13: 33
